SENA 2018

Actividad de aprendizaje 13

Evidencia 4: Reading workshop: Inferring from context

La compresión lectora es una de las competencias básicas que todo

profesional debe cultivar para poder acceder de forma directa a cualquier
tema de interés, además de cualquier tema especializado que le permita
seguir creciendo dentro de su ámbito laboral. Teniendo en cuenta que un
gran volumen de la información que se encuentra disponible está escrita en
inglés, debido a los procesos de globalización, es importante desarrollar una
comprensión lectora tanto en la lengua materna, como en inglés.

Una buena comprensión lectora, se demostrará no sólo en el ámbito laboral,

sino también en el académico y personal. Emitir uicios y refle!ionar acerca
del mundo que leemos para saber si conocemos algo del mismo, es
importante puesto que cuando se es capaz de realizar inferencias
desarrollamos nuestro razonamiento y ponemos en marc"a estrategias que nos
permiten comprender el mundo que nos rodea desde diferentes perspectivas.

#or lo anterior, la presente evidencia busca afianzar esos procesos de

comprensión e inferencia de te!tos en inglés a través del desarrollo de
diferentes actividades de comprensión propuestas en un taller de lectura
denominado
Reading workshop: Inferring from context.

#ara completar esta evidencia, tenga en cuenta las siguientes

observaciones$

%. &onsulte y estudie minuciosamente el material de formación y el

material complementario del área de inglés disponible para la presente
actividad de aprendizae.
'. (cceda al taller Reading Workshop: Inferring from context y desarrolle
las actividades propuestas en su totalidad en la "erramienta ofimática
de su preferencia.
). Una vez "aya completado la totalidad de las actividades propuestas
en el taller, aseg*rese de guardar el documento en formato .doc o .pdf
para su posterior env+o.
. Env+e su taller a través del lin- dispuesto para tal fin en la plataforma.

Reading workshop: Inferring from

context

#roficient or good readers understand t"at riters often tell more t"an t"ey
actually say it" ords. T"ey give you "ints or clues t"at allo you to dra
conclusions from information t"at is implied. Using t"ese clues to /read
beteen t"e lines0 and reac" a deeper understanding of t"e message is
called inferring.
 SENA 2018

T"e folloing or-s"op ill "elp you understand meaning from conte!t go to belo
t"e surface details to see "at is actually implied 1not stated2 it"in t"e
ords of t"e te!t.

I. nderstanding text organization

3ead t"e folloing te!t and anser t"e questions

belo$ E4&ommerce$ T"e c"allenge not so c"allenging

A!g!st "3# "$1% 5 6errill 7ouglas
Ta-en and adapted from$ "ttp$88.inboundlogistics.com

1
&rom sma''# 'oca' (!sinesses to nationa' giants# merc"ants fashion
e4
commerce strategies to attract and delig"t consumers in an ever4more
competitive mar-et.

"
E)commerce contin!es to redefine the wa* peop'e shop. 9nline
retail sales in t"e United :tates totaled ;)<.=> billion in '?%>,
representing a %@.>4 percent increase over '?%>, according to t"e U.:.
7epartment of &ommerce. E!cluding sales of fuel and cars, %%.A percent
of retail sales in t"e United
:tates in '?%> ere e4commerce sales, according to Bnternet 3etailer
calculations.
BtCs getting "arder to define De4commerce,D as merc"ants often blur or
dont distinguis" t"e difference beteen buying online and buying in a
store. For consumers today, buying a product online for in4store pic-up,
)
or whipping o!t a phone in the store to order an item that+s o!t
of stock at that
'ocation# is j!st part of the ever*da* shopping
experience.
9ne t"ing is certain, t"oug"$ e4commerce and omnic"annel retail
leaders
"ave trained t"eir customers to e!pect more options and better service.
4

,-eop'e want convenience#, says 7ap"ne &armeli, founder and &E9

of same4day delivery service 7eliv, in 6enlo #ar-, &alifornia. For
instance, t"ey
ant to order a product t"is morning and receive it t"is evening. 
,&ift*)six percent of mi''ennia's sa* the* won+t (!* if there+s not a
same)da*
option#,s"e
adds.
 SENA 2018

(s ne models emerge, industry leaders set ne standards, and

competition continues to "eat up, retailers t"at include e4commerce in
t"eir strategies are racing to stay out front.
 SENA 2018

%. /rganize the text. (s you could notice, five sentences ere removed.
#lease, c"ec- t"e folloing options to complete t"e te!t. #ay attention,
t"ere is one e!tra option t"at is not necessary.

A. D#eople ant convenience,D

0. From small, local businesses to national giants,
. #eriodically, t"e company sent an email to its customer list announcing
t"e arrival of an especially interesting merc"andise.
2. DFifty4si! percent of millennials say t"ey onCt buy if t"ereCs not a
same4day option,D
E. or "ipping out a p"one in t"e store to order an item t"atCs out of
stoc- at t"at location, is ust part of t"e everyday s"opping e!perience.
&. E4commerce continues to redefine t"e ay people s"op.

TIP: Pay attention to linking words or punctuation marks to determine the

best option for each case

'. &inding s*non*ms. (ccording to t"e te!t, matc" t"e proper synonym
for eac" of t"e terms from column ( it" t"e synonyms from column G.

( G
%. Fas"ion " (. Bncrement
'. Bncrease  G. 6aterialize
). Glur 1 &. Use
. &ertain 4 7. &onfident
@. Emerge 3 E. Hot clear,
muddy

II. Reading (etween 'ines

3ead t"e folloing te!t and anser t"e questions belo$

Determined to pay as low a price as possible for

materials, manufacturers have not traditionally cultivated warm
relationships with suppliers. In the words of one general
manager: !he best approach to supply is to have as many
players as possible fighting for their piece of the pie"that#s when
you get the best pricing.$ %xcellent supply chain management
re&uires a more enlightened mindset"
 SENA 2018

recogni'ing, as a more progressive manufacturer did: (ur

supplier#s
costs are in effect our costs. If we force our supplier to provide
)* days of consigned material when +* days are sufficient, the
cost of that inventory will find its way back into the supplier#s
price to us since it increases his cost structure.$ While
manufacturers should place high demands on suppliers, they
should also reali'e that partners must share the goal of reducing
costs across the supply chain in order to lower prices in the
marketplace and enhance margins. !he logical extension of this
thinking is gainsharing arrangements to reward everyone who
-
contributes to the greater profitability.

a. anufacturers have not cultivated good relationships in order to get:

/0/ 1ow rates.

// 2ood products.

// 3etter services.

b. 4 general manager compares supplying to:

// !oys.

/0/ 4 piece of the pie.

// 4pples.

c. 5uppliers# costs are also:

// 6roviders# costs.

// anagers# costs.

/0/ anufacturers# costs.

1(nderson, 7. Gritt, F. y Favre, 7. 1s.f.2. !he 7 principles of supply chain management.

&onsultado el '? de octubre de '?%>, en "ttp$88.scmr.com
 SENA 2018

d. 6anufacturers not only place "ig" demands on suppliers, but

also$

// 4ccept that partners should diminish costs in the supply chain.

/0/ 8ave many players to fight for the best price.

// 2ain new arrangements by getting new profitability strategies.

III. nderstanding active and passive ro'es

Ie use t"e active or passive voice to focus attention on t"e responsible

agent of an action or t"e receiver 1obect2 of t"e same action.

%. &"ec- t"e folloing ob descriptions it"in t"e supply c"ain and
determine if t"e sentence is ritten don in active or passive voice.
&"ec- t"e e!ample.

J(ctive or #assiveK

T"e company resources are usually controlled and managed Oualified applicants
by ill be considered
#roect 6anagers in order to ac"ieve common goals in an it"out regard to age,
effective, time4efficient manner. race,
Gy applying to t"is position your application is automatically creed, color, national
submitted origin, ancestry,
to t"e folloing locations$ 6ountain ie, &(, U:(M :an marital status,
Francisco, affectional or se!ual
&(, U: orientation, gender
( identity or e!pression,
T"e :upply 7emand #lanner ill develop, communicate, and e! disability, nationality,
ecute se!, or veteran status.
end4to4end product demand and supply plans across all c"annels T"e logistics of all
of distribution. aspects of t"e supply
(s a -ey member of our Gusiness 9perations team, aspects of c"ain must be
t"e coordinated by
demand planning ill be led by T
you. "
Nou s"ould manage t"e supply c"ain to balance demand v8s e
supply to
meet t"e company :
obectives. u
p
 SENA 2018
ply &"ain 6anager
-assive voice
&ompanies are increasingly sourcing ra materials,
manufacturing,
and labor from all over t"e orld forming a global supply
c"ain. Active voice

-assive voice

Active voice

Active voice

Active voice

-assive voice

-assive voice
T"e supply c"ain manager coordinates t"e logistics of all -assive voice
aspects of
t"e supply c"ain
Ie t"in- of our team members as an e!tended family and or- Active voice
to
foster an environment t"at benefits our or-force and
generates personal and professional innovation. -assive voice
(s an (cquisitions (nalyst, you combine your deep mar-et
-noledge
of a given sector it" tec" industry savvy to negotiate
cost4effective solutions to support PoogleCs infrastructure grot".

'. T"e folloing is t"e testimony of someone t"at "as itnessed a robbery in a
7istribution &enter, but t"is person does not ant "is8"er information
to be revealed. #lease, rerite "is8"er testimony in t"e #assive oice.
&"ec- t"e e!ample$

5omebody has stolen a truck from outside the Distribution 9enter. !he thief drove
the truck off the parking lot at -*:** p.m. !he thief used a stick to open the car.
5ome other workers at the loading area also saw the thief. !he police
are searching for the truck now. !hey will use the workers# descriptions to catch
the thief.

A tr!ck has (een sto'en from o!tside the 2istri(!tion enter.

omeone noticed that at 1$:$$ pm the thief took the tr!ck o!t of the
distri(!tion center to (e a('e to open it !sing some device. ome
emp'o*ees noticed that there was a thief# the tr!ck is now (eing
registered (* the po'ice and ana'*zing some given descriptions.

-asos para enviar 'a

evidencia:

%. &lic en el t+tulo de esta

evidencia.
'. &lic en E!aminar mi equipo y buscar el arc"ivo previamente
guardado.
). 7ear un comentario al instructor
1opcional2.
. &lic en
Enviar.

ota: esta evidencia es de carácter individual. 3ecuerde revisar la gu+a de

aprendizae con el fin de verificar que "a realizado todas las evidencias
propuestas, saber cómo desarrollarlas y entregarlas correctamente.
 riterios de eva'!
aci5n
#uede inferir el significado de una palabra u oración dentro de un te!to en
inglés, as+ éste no esté e!pl+cito.