ON-SITE

CONSTRUCTION TRAINING
The Building Construction Site
(Emerging heights –III)

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
AR.SANDEEP SINGH VIKRANT
15120056
B.ARCH 5TH SEM

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE SBSSTC

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am extremely thankful to Architect Ravi, Emerging India

pvt. Ltd. for giving me this opportunity to be an integral part
of their Firm(Emerging India).I am extremely grateful to
Er.Raman Sandhu (Site Engineer & Architect Ravi for giving
me the opportunity to work in ongoing projects of Emerging
Heights III,Group Housing Project.

I also express my sincere thanks to Site Supervisor Vicky, for

their constant support and guidance during the period of my
training.

I am also thankful to all the employees of Emerging

India(Firm) for their co-operation and timely help. Finally, I
express my sincere thanks to Er. Bohr Singh, Principal & Ar.
Sandeep Singh Assistant Professor Practical Training
Coordinator School of Architecture SBSSTC, Ferozepur,
Punjab for his guidance and moral support during the course
of the training.
 CONTENTS
1. REPORT
INTRODUCTION_________________________________
1Project over view
• Site
• Layout plan
• Area calculation
• Total Blocks
2 .OVERVIEW OF THE
BUILDING__________________________________________
• Site Location
• Design(intended and approved)
• Design(as built)
• site layout(facilities)

BUILDING TYPE Group Housing (FLATS)

❖ Total Site Area -- 3.86ACRES(18695sq.yards)

❖ (Total No. of Blocks -- 9 blocks(6 Constructed)
❖ Effective Site Area -- 3.75ACRES(18165sq.yards)
❖ Total No. of Flats Proposed -- 321nos.
❖ Total Floors -- 9floors(including Pent House)
❖ Area Under Commercial Zone -- 2500sq.ft
❖ Total Shops -- 10nos.
❖ Total Achieved F.A.R. -- 312174.7sq.ft (1:1.95)
 About The Organization

Basic Information

Nature of Business Service Provider

• Manufacturer
• Wholesaler
• Trader
Additional Business
• Retailer
• Supplier

Company CEO GurpreetSingh Sidhu

Total Number of Employees 501 to 1000 People

Year of Establishment 2009

Legal Status of Firm Private Limited Company

AnnuaTurnover More than Rs. 500 Crore

About The Organisation
Emerging India is one of the country leading real estate development firms,
renowned for its bold approach to creating value. Developing mid- rise and
high-rise projects in urban and up-coming areas are at the core of our business.
We have unrivaled industry experience and success, with over 10 overwhelming
projects, totaling in excess of 15 lakhs sq ft.
Specifications - Emerging Heights 3
General

Flooring
Laminated wooden flooring in Master Bedroom &
Vitrified tiles in drawing dinning & other rooms.

Kitchen
Modular Kitchen With Hob , Chimney With Stainless Sink.

Washrooms
Walls tiled up to 7' with ceramic & glazed tiles.
Flooring done with Anti Skid tiles Fittings – Granite /
Marble / Chrome top with wash basin.Shower panels

Electrical Works
Modular switches, cable, TV & Telephone points.

Doors & Windows

Seasoned Hardwood/Teak Finished, Flush Doors

Sanitary & Hardware

SI mark sanitary ware with JAGUAR Bath fittings.
Superior Quality Hinges & all Hardware used with
stylish modern looks & strength.

Garbage Duct
Specially made for proper garbage disposal.

Roads
Wide, well lit interior roads.

I have the link where you can Check all the Site Things From plans to
Amenities.

https://www.commonfloor.com/emerging-heights-3-mohali/povp-m9ujqe
 A MENIT IES - E MERGING H EIGHTS 3

• Fitness :

• Swimming Pool

• Jogging Track
• Outdoor Games :

• Play Area
• Network & Connectivity :

• Intercom
• Recreation :

• Club House
• Safety & Security :

• Gated community

• Security
• Convenience :

• 24Hr Backup Electricity

Days List of work

Day 1 -- Site description in Office

Day 2 -- Study the drawings
Day 3 -- Site Measurements
Day 4 -- Site Measurements
Day 5 -- Site Supervision(All blocks)
Day 6 -- Process of laying of tiles(Flat no.704)
Day7 -- Process Of laying of tiles(6&7th Floor)
Day8 -- Site Supervision at Block G
(Wooden Door Details)
Day9 -- Site Supervision at Block E
(Window Fixing Details)
Day10 -- See brickwork on parapet

Day11 -- brickwork on room walls

Day12 -- Alternate Work with laying of bricks
(Slab Processing On A Block 4th Floor)
Day13 -- Reinforcement Details
Day14 -- Structural Details
Day15 -- Site Supervision At block G
Day 16 -- Site Seeing at Steel Binding
Day17 -- Steel binding procedure
Day18 -- Study and Check Steel Grades
Day19 -- Plaster On walls(7th Floor )
Day20 -- Electrical Fittings (Pipes)
Day21 -- Delay Due to Rain(Slab Process)
Day22 -- Delayed
Day23 -- Site Seeing Of Sewage treatment Plant
Day24 -- Site Supervision At Block G
Day25 -- Site supervision at block F
Day26 -- Delayed Of Slab Due to Rain
Day27 -- laying Of Slab
Day28 -- Site Supervision
Day29 -- Fixing details Of Windows and Doors
Day30 -- Study the Structural Drawings Of slabs
etC.
Report Introduction
Originally the site had existing structures made up of residential
apartments.
Project :- REVISED EMERGING HEIGHTS –III,GROUP
HOUSING, at Village SanteMajra ,kharar,SEC –
115,S.A.S.Nagar,Greater Mohali
This Project Comprises Of 9 blocks(6Constructed) Which Includes
&Excludes
• 1 bhk flats
• 2 bhk flats
• 3 bhk flats
• E.w.s Flats
• Penthouse
• Commercial shops
• 4 parks
• Gym
• Clubhouse
• Sewage treatment plant
For 4 consecutive weeks I witnessed and took part in all the construction
activities of the group Housing project Under ER.Raman Sandhu(site Engineer)
and Ar.Ravi of Firm Emerging India.
STP = Sewage Treatment Plant
Pent house (Luxurious flats on top floors)
(e.w.s flats = Economically weaker Section)
(Bhk = bedroom,hall kitchen)
 Project Overview
Site location Site Kharar

Landran Road

VIEW OF SITE

This is the site as shown in figure. As this site is 800 metres away from kharar
landran Road. It is accessible from kharar.

Design(Intended And approved)

This Design is approved with Puda(Punjab urban Planning and Development
authority) and This Design is Started in 2014. But Due to Some Other Project
Of this firm,This project’s work is Slow and Delayed, After 2 Year, Its Revised
Project Of group Housing .
Site Facilities
• This Site includes gym,club,parks etc.
• Site includes Parking For 264 nos.Car Parking in the site area,So the
Owner of the Flat can park their car in their Block
• There are E.w.s. Flats (economically Weaker Section)
• There Are Commercial Shops Provided in the Entrance Left Side Of site
For Easy Convienence.

Day 1
At the very First Day, The Architect Of the Firm Ar.Ravi Gives Description
about the Project , And Site Area and Location Of the project

Site Plan Of Emerging Heights-III

Emerging Heights-IIIThey tell me about the Area circulation and Layout Plans
Of the
1 bhk,2bhk,3bhk,E.W.S.Flats,Pent house and Show the Site plan on Sheets
At the End Ar.ravi gives us work to make a perspective view of the flats on
Software.

Day 2

Our Site Engineer is Er.Raman Sandhu,that gives us the

Information Regarding the construction Work is doing on that
day At The Site.
After That we study the Project Drawings.

Day 3
We Measure the Whole Site area and Measured the Column to
Column distances and Blocks Distance,Boundary wall heights
Do the Site Masurements.

Day 4
On the next Day We completed The Total Site
Layout Plan Of Project
Measurements,between Flat Block G And E and G And F,
that is checked by our Site Engineer.
Day 5
On the day 5 my work is to superwise all the blocks whether the labour work
Is doing work or not, and report it to the site engineer and I checked the
material(Cement,Sand) which is available in the block G,For the next day For
the process of laying of Tiles in 7th floor Of block G

Mixture of Cement,sand and water(accordingly) in the ratio of 1:5

Day 6
On Day 6 we see the process of laying of tiles on
the 7th floor ,G block,
There are 3 masons and 5 labour workers which
are doing the laying of tiles in that flat.
 They filled 40 mm cement sand mixture before setting up the tiles

LAYING OF TILES (WITHOUT SPACERS)

MASON LAYING THE SKIRTING

LAYING INSTRUCTIONS FOR FLOOR TILES

• Prepare base mortar with cement and sand in the ratio 1:4.
• Set the levels for floor (i.e. dead level or slope as specified by the Architect /
Contractor).
• Prepare cement slurry i.e. mixture of cement and water to form a thick paste and
spread it on the leveled base mortar.
•

PRECAUTION BEFORE FLOORING

Before constructing the flooring, levelling should be done and
marking should be done on wall at 30 cm above from required level.
For this purpose spirit level or mercury level should be used.
For better accuracy, water level used by mason (mistry), should not be used.
Due to more length of pipe and friction inside the pipe, results are not accurate.
One should use long wooden patty while making floors so that floor surface can
be flat
Laying of tiles: After laying mortar, tiles are laid and pressed by wooden mallet
as in marble tile flooring.Before using, tiles should be clean and dried.
Skirting and dedo are laid in same manner. In the end all joints or Spacers are
filled with white cement pigment of tile colour. This is the process I have seen
on day 6
Day 7
On the 7th day I have to see the process of laying of skirting ,which is done
over the floor which is layed yesterday

Mason Gives us the information that:-

• Unlike floor tiles, we don’t need and obviously we can’t use cement-sand
screed on the wall. A mixture of cement and water is prepared in a head
pan to form a moderate paste. This paste is then placed on the back of the
tiles and slapped gently on the wall. The size of paste is approaximately
10mm equal to the depth of tile.

• If you are using a spacing arrangement, ensure equal spacing otherwise,

close up the gaps perfectly.

• For a spaced arrangement, fill up spaces at the end of tiling with the paste
earlier prepared, tilers call this putty filing. Or fill white cement on the top
of skirting as accordingly see the budget of owner.
Day 8
At the day 8, the site engineer wants the report of how much work is done in the
flats and how much work is left,behind it and check whether how much material
is required in the flats or left,after the tiles process.
Alternately in block E ,there is Brick laying process is done ,simultaneously

there I see the bricks process

POINTS TO BE NOTED AT THE TIME
OF BRICKWORK CONSTRUCTION
• It should be ensured that the brick being
used is as per requirement.
• The brick should be wet for atleast two
hours before starting the construction for
which a water tank is needed at the work
site.
• The brick should be properly placed on
the even surface and the mortar should fully
cover the brick surface before laying the
other course

M IXING C EMENT
Mixing cement is an extremely important part of the job. You have
make sure you don't make it too wet or too dry to use. You will
always work on a ratio basis. I was taught to mix 4 parts sand to 1
part cement.

DAY 9
On the Day9, we see the details of wooden door fixing
We normally fix wooden door frame before plaster work. The door opening we
keep in masonry wall during constructing wall as shown in the architectural
drawing. After ending the curing period of masonry wall, we start fixing the
door frame.

Wooden door frames are

made by carpenter as
predetermined size and
provided to construction site
to fix. These are normally
fixed by mason. Before
fixing frame we provide two Tar Paint applied on Door frames
coats of tar paint on unexposed sides of frame.
Generally these coats of tar paint isapplied by carpenter after making door
frame.
We just check that is applied or not before fixing. It's carpenter's responsiblity
to make the frame completely ready to fix.

F IXING WOODEN DOOR FR AME

Fixing MS Clamp : We fix 3 numbers of clamp in a side
of door frame. For both side of a door frame will need 6
numbers of clamp.

First we fix the clamps with wooden door frame by screw

or nail. I would suggest to fix by screw. Because if you fix
by nail that will be loosened after some time and your door
frame will be coming out from wall. So, try to fix clamps
with screw.

Making wall opening ready for fixing door frame: We

keep wall opening during making masonry wall. Now we'll fix wooden door
frame in that opening. As we fix 3 MS clamps in one side of door frame so we
have to break masonry wall as Shown in figure.

Selection of door frame-width for different location: We

normally use 11 inch width of door frame for main door of a
flat and 6 inch width door frame for internal door of rooms.
But where tiles will be fixed in wall there we normally use 6.5 inch width of
door frames.

Marking the level: The purpose of level marking is to keep the top level of all
doors same. So we set a reference mark and take the level to all doors with the
help of water-level pipe.

Aligning door frame with wall: The purpose of aligning door frame is, when
you plaster on wall, plaster surface and door frame will be in same level.

If you'll fix tiles in wall then tiles surface and door frame will be in same level.
The carpenter tell us about this information.

Day 10
On day10 we see the brick work on the top floor of flat G.

Mason doing work with plumb bob

for level of bricks in the parapet
I talked to the mason for what
mixture is used for the brickwork in this.
The mason make a mixture of cement,sand in the ratio of 4:1 For 4 ½ Inches
wall
And 6:1 For 9 Inches wall. And add water
accordingly the mixture
Mason setting up the bricks with mortar

The brickwork shown in this image is using

stretcher bond.
The Height of wall is 900mm(3 Feet)
Reinforcement is residing upside on the floor
for further construction

Top floor Wall Construction

Brickwork Process in the parapet walls
Using 4:1 Cement Sand Ratio.

Day 12 8mm dia bars

20 mm Dia Bars

Slab Process in the 4th floor of Block A,

Firstly The Labour workers(steel Binders)
Binds the Steel of different Grades Such As 20
mm at the main ring
8mm at the angled rings
The Site Supervisor gives us about the
information regarding the
different types of reinforcement steel bars
used at the site such as
20 mm,16mm,12mm,10mm,8mm etc.
These all are used at different site work. And
Fe500 steel bars are used at the site
 Ties

Steel Bars connected with ties

Day 13,14
Ties
Steel Binders binding steel at the Site
Have closed lateral ties spaced
approaximately uniform across the
beam or column as which work is
done, or for slab.
8mm, 10 mm bars are used for ties. Reinforcement Bars Binding
with wires

Hooks
• Used to resist expansion.
• Bent at 135 angle

Props and Bracings

Props and Bracings used for the slab support.
Mainly known as Shuttering.
 C Channel Gurders

Formwork
In this building,steel formwork is used for the
Support of slab
Made of

• Steel sheets
Angle iron
Tee iron C Channel Gurders and Steel Formwork is used For the support

All support systems have to be height adjustable to allow the formwork to be

placed at the correct height and to be removed after the concrete is cured.

Day 15
At the day 15 we do the site supervision at the block G, Seeing which work is
done on this day, and tell the report to site engineer and Architect.
Completion of laying of tiles on the 4 flats of 7th floor.
Plaster Work done In the Bathrooms of 6th floor Of G Block.
With 4:1 mixing Of Cement sand in the ratio with according to water for 4 ½
inches
and
6:1 ratio for 9 inches wall in flats.
After The Completion process of plaster work ,report to
Site Engineer what work is done in the Flats of G block.
Day 16,17,18 MAison Doing Plaster Work

On These Days The Steel Binders Complete the

Steel binding and doing the work ready for the slab
process.

Reinforcement steel bars (16mm) for

Steel plates Used for supporting the

Slab.

The labour workers and the steel binders complete the

steel binding on the 3rd day.

Day 19
On the day 19 we see the same plaster work in the another floor of block E
They are using 4:1 mortar mix for the plaster work of wall.
2 maison and 3 labour workers are doing work on this day at the site.
Day 20
On the Day 20 we see the electrical fittings done by the
Electrician before the plaster work on walls

UPVC Pipes are used for the electrical fittings

Upvc – Unplasticized poly vinyl chloride, which is
lightweight plastic used in the construction. FITTINGS FOR ELECTRICAL PIPES

Fittings of Inlet Boxes for the Switchboards is done before the plaster work on
these walls.
The electrical Fitter Fits The Switchboards Inlets at about 4Ft from Plinth
Level of the room. For convience System in the Flats.
Work Done on the 20th Day.

Day 21,22
On the Day 21 and 22th ,the slab process is Delayed Due to Rain,we have to
wait for 2 days For the Slab laying process.

Day 23
On the day 23,we see about the sewage treatment
plant
The Architect Tells Us about this that STP is
needed in the Group Housing Or flats
He tells about the system of Sewage Treatment
Plant.
H OW DOES A SEWAGE TRE ATMENT PLANT WORK ?

The Sewage Treatment Plant process is similar to the way that a Septic Tank
works but mechanical components provide a process to help break down solids
to produce a cleaner, more environmentally

friendly effluent.

Wastewater and sewage, usually from a number of properties, are fed into the
primary settlement tank where solids and liquids separate and the liquor flows
into the biozone chamber. In the chamber, a pump aerates the waste and
encourages good bacteria to digest the organic matter, breaking it down and
purifying it.

As it leaves the final chamber known as the humus chamber, the effluent is
typically 95% clean and ready for discharge into local watercourses, ditches or
land drainage systems, subject to consent by the Environment Agency.

Machines Used in the Slab laying process

A concrete mixer (often mistakenly called a cement

mixer) is a device that homogeneously
combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel,
and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses
a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller
volume works portable concrete mixers are often used so
that the concrete can be made at the construction site,
giving the workers ample time to use the concrete before it
hardens. An alternative to a machine is mixing concrete by hand. This is usually done in a
wheelbarrow; however, several companies have recently begun to sell modified tarps for this
purpose

VIBRATORS In Concrete
These are the mechanical devices to
compact concrete oin the formwork
Vibrators to make harsh and stiff concrete mix,
With a slump of about 40mm or less is workable
The quality of concrete can be improved by use of vibrators as less water is
required or in other way
The use of vibrators result in the reduction of consolidation time they are used
where the rapid progress

Men are Using needle Vibrator at the site

CONCLUSION:
The Industrial Training for 4 weeks at Emerging India, Chandigarh
has provided me a good knowledge & firsthand experience in in the
field of Architecture. I was entrusted upon work on the Emerging
heights –III Project In Greater Mohali Sector 115& about the
Software’s used. Software named Revit Architecture helped me.
Based upon these works in the office and the site visits had taught me
a lot about the designing process and planning. These things will
definitely help me in my future and career.

All these practical knowledge which I gained there will be very useful
to me throughout my life and will serve as a foundation of my
building knowledge for my future activities’. This practical
knowledge, technology and methodologies also strengthened my
theoretical concepts as they are directly related to the topics of my
curriculum. Now I’m very much familiar with the office environment
and various technical & non-technical works performed there and the
construction sites too.

I am extremely thankful to Er. Bohr Singh, Principal, School of

Architecture SBSSTC, Ferozepur , Punjab, for providing me such a
great opportunity to explore such wonderful things. I also express my
sincere thanks to the officials and Site Engineers who helped a lot
during my training period for a right professional direction.