Building A Transition City - Landscape Online Version

SIDE ELEVATION SIDE ELEVATION
1/8” SCALE 1/8” SCALE
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
GROUND LEVEL
1/4” SCALE
SECOND LEVEL
1/4” SCALE BUILDING A
TRANSITION CITY
THE EWING STREET ECO-VILLAGE
COOP PILOT PROJECT

AM
Panel 1: Wood Frame

Panel 2: I-Beam and Gasket
COOPERATION JACKSON
in collaboration with
THE BERNARD AND ANNE SPITZER

KET
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, CCNY, CUNY
Work from the Advanced Design Studio
LADDING
Professor Nandini Bagchee
TO REBAR
BER PILE
This Report Is Authored By:
Professor Nandini Bagchee
and
The Advanced Design Students (Spring 2019)

Anne and Bernard Spitzer School Of Architecture, CCNY, CUNY.
2 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

2 Contents Student Proposals
54 Butterfly House
4 Vision Statement Martha Zambrano
Cooperation Jackson
58 Off-Grid House
6 Studio Brief Nadeen Hassan
Nandini Bagchee
66 Co-Action Dwelling
8 Research Chaerin Kim
A. Geography 70 Stack House

10 Food Production and Transportation Networks Soany Marquez
11 Food Scarcity in Hinds County
12 Topography, Water, and Flooding in Jackson 76 Interactive House
13 Population Migration Daniel Blanc
B. Community Challenges in West Jackson 84 Fractal House

14 Infrastructure and Public Resources Damian Armstrong
15 Homelessness
16-17 Housing Stock 88 Panel House
Justin Chau
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations
18 Climate Data 92 Communal House
19 Rainfall and Soil Santiago Neville
20-21 Harnessing Solar Energy
22-23 Resilient Living and Sustainable Systems 96 Incremental Modular
24-25 Building Materials Maria Patino
D. Housing: Social Considerations 102 Courtyard Housing

26-27 Intentional Communities Ngawang Tenzin
28 Prefab Sustainable Housing
29 Densifying the Neighborhood 108 Fin Housing
Max Isakov
Conditions on the Ground 112 Social Housing

Nayana Urankur
30 Touring with Cooperation Jackson
The West Jackson Neighborhood
40 Survey
Zoning, mapping, and photo-documentation studies 120 Acknowledgments
50 Community Engagement
Student presentations at the Balagoon Center
The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture, CUNY 3
Building a Transition City: The Ewing Street Eco Village Coop Pilot Project
Vision Statement
Cooperation Jackson
Jackson, MS
Cooperation Jackson, an emerging network of worker cooperatives and solidarity economy institutions, based in Jackson, Mississippi. The Ewing Street
EcoVillage Coop Pilot Project will serve as a cornerstone for Cooperation Jackson’s larger vision of a Transition City. A Transition City is a city based
on broad participatory democratic structures, locally based socialized production, and energy democracy to improve the overall quality of life and the
sustainability of our environment.
Cooperation Jackson’s programmatic work to build a Transition City centers on the following:
1.The development of green worker, self-managed cooperatives and an extensive network of mutual aid and social solidarity programs, organizations and
institutions. This programmatic approach is translated into transformative policy as our effort to make Jackson a Solidarity City.
2.The development of a network Eco-Villages, community owned solar production centers, and sustainable methodologies and technologies of production
and ecologically regenerative processes and institutions. This programmatic approach is translated into transformative policy as our effort to make Jackson
a Sustainable City.
3.The development of a network of Community Production Centers, which are small scale digital fabrication factories that anchor community production
cooperatives and institutions. This programmatic approach is translated into transformative policy as our effort to make Jackson a Fab City (meaning Digital
Fabrication Laboratory City).
4.The development of a Human Rights Institute to craft a Human Rights Charter and commission for Jackson to insure that the human rights, particularly
the economic, social, and cultural rights of all of the cities residents are respected, protected and fulfilled. This programmatic approach is translated into
transformative policy as our effort to make Jackson a Human Rights City.

Cooperative City Modular House
Studio Brief
Nandini Bagchee
Associate Professor of Architecture, CCNY, CUNY
“You never change things by fighting the existing reality.

To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.”
- Buckminster Fuller
There is a history of architects designing for and with intentional communities and experimenting with ecologically sustainable dwellings. We are, now more than ever
before, in quest of that model that makes the existing model obsolete.
In the Spring of 2019 Cooperation Jackson collaborated with us at the Spitzer School of Architecture, CCNY (CUNY) on the research and design of Prefab/ Modular
Housing in West Jackson Mississippi. The students worked closely with the members of the community in Jackson to develop proposals of prefabricated modular
homes on a residential block with multiple vacant lots between Hughes and Ewing Street + Central and Robinson Avenues in West Jackson, Mississippi.
Cooperation Jackson, as of 2019, has already acquired 42 + parcels of properties all located within West Jackson. This acquisition of property references a
historic agenda to “Free the Land by any means necessary” (Malcolm X), with a definitive awareness of the present threat of gentrification that is displacing poor
communities of color across cities around the country. They are at the beginning stages of planning a residential development that will provide much needed housing
to the community but also produce affordable housing through a worker owned co-op.
In response to the goals of the movement, the design studio aimed at challenging the existing model of private property through a research-based process that
engaged with questions of cooperative living using ecological principles. In doing so, students examined the concept of a dwelling that balances the private and
public life of individuals within a community that aspires to build and live democratically in an ecologically sustainable manner. This meant challenging the existing
model of private property. This meant going beyond the question of housing to integrate the production of food and communal activity into an urban block.
Cooperation Jackson's ownership of contiguous lots along Ewing street in Jackson, allowed us to integrate farming and other types of collective spaces and activities
within the block. The Ewing Street Eco Village Coop Pilot Project is a visionary endeavor that will reorganize the City of Jackson from the ground up. We at City
College are happy to contribute in small part to this large vision.

RESEARCH
The first part of the research was conducted using data
about Jackson that was readily available. Students worked
in groups to document and map out the site at different
scales organized under the following themes:
A. GEOGRAPHY
B. COMMUNITY CHALLENGES IN WEST JACKSON
C. HOUSING: ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS
D. HOUSING: SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS

A. GEOGRAPHY
A series of investigations into the resources and the territorial networks that constitute
the larger geography of Mississippi State/ Hinds County and Jackson City.

Food Production and Transportation Networks
Food Scarcity in Hinds County
Topography, Water, and Flooding in Jackson
Population Migration
B. COMMUNITY CHALLENGES IN WEST JACKSON

Research into the community assets within the city of Jackson reveals that the lack
of basic amenities and infrastructure in West Jackson has had a visible impact on a
neighborhood that is low income, majority African American. The poor condition of the
housing stock, the vacancy, the homelessness and the scarcity of public resources
has impacted the overall quality of life in this part of the city.
Infrastructure And Public Resources

Homelessness
Housing Stock
C. HOUSING: ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

The studio reviewed the climate conditions that would impact the design of housing.
Research involved the collection of climate data, potential for renewable (solar) en-
ergy sources as well as vernacular and other suitable building responses to the hot,
humid climate of Jackson Mississippi.
Climate Data
Rainfall And Soil
Harnessing Solar Energy
Resilient Living
Sustainable Systems
Building Materials

D. HOUSING: SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS
A research and study of precedents that explored collective living, community land
trusts and sustainable alternatives to a living. What type of opportunities does the
community land trust provide? How can Cooperation Jackson develop a type of
house that is modular, affordable and sustainable?

Intentional Communities
Prefab And Sustainable Housing
Densifying The Neighborhood

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A. Geography - Food Production & Transportation Networks
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Food Insecurity in Hinds County
Food security means access by all people at all times to
“Food insecurity exists in every
county and congressional district
enough food for an active, healthy life
in the country. But not everyone
struggling with hunger qualiﬁes
for federal nutrition assistance.” Estimated Program Eligibility
Above Between Below
Food Insecurity Rate Average Meal Cost

“Ninety-three percent of
counties with a majority
African-American population
(n=101) fall within the top
10 percent of food-insecure
counties.”
A. Geography - Food Scarcity in Hinds County

$3.27
Food Insecure rate in Hinds County
“The Eco Village is “ 1=3,857

working closely in the
local community to improve
employment opportunities,
food security with a focus on
nutrition and continuing
empowering the local
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A. Geography - Topography, Water, and Flooding in Jackson
12
Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi
A. Geography - Migration of People
POPULATION OF JACKSON
POPULATION OF WHITE ONLY RESIDENTS IN RANKIN COUNTY
POPULATION OF WHITE ONLY RESIDENTS IN HINDS COUNTY
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
THE MATTER OF MIGRATION

B. Community Challenges in West Jackson - Infrastructure and Public Resources
14
B. Community Challenges in West Jackson - Homelessness
IN THE WEST CONDITION OF OWNER-OCCUPIED HOUSING CONDITION OF RENTER-OCCUPIED HOUSING
JACKSON PLANNING
AREA, THERE ARE: LEGEND
LEGEND
1,848 PROPERTIES THAT ARE NEED DEMOLITION
NEED DEMOLITION
RENTER-OCCUPIED FO NEED MAJOR IMPROVEMENTS FO

RT
NEED MAJOR IMPROVEMENTS
0% NEED DEMOLITION RT
IF
IC
AT
NEED MINOR IMPROVEMENTS
IF
IC
AT
I
NEED MINOR IMPROVEMENTS
2% NEED MAJOR WORK

ON ARE IN GOOD CONDITON
VACANCY & CONDITION
I ON ARE IN GOOD CONDITION ST

ST RE
RE ET
87% NEED MINOR WORK ET
B. Community Challenges in West Jackson - Housing Stock Conditions
10% ARE IN GOOD

CONDITION CA
CA PI
PI TO
TO L
L ST
ST RE
RE ET
ET
ST. CHARLES STREET
ST. CHARLES STREET
1,498 PROPERTIES THAT ARE
PRENTISS STREET
PRENTISS STREET
OWNER-OCCUPIED FIRST AVENUE
FIRST AVENUE
0% NEED DEMOLITION GRAND AVENUE

GRAND AVENUE
2% NEED MAJOR WORK
ELLIS AVENUE
ELLIS AVENUE
ROBINSON ROAD
ROBINSON ROAD
69% NEED MINOR WORK
ROSE STREET
29% ARE IN GOOD
ROSE STREET
CONDITION
PARKWAY
PARKWAY
LYNCH STREET
LYNCH STREET
GALLATIN STREET
GALLATIN STREET
DALTON STREET
DALTON STREET
HILL AVENUE
HILL AVENUE
.
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.
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AY 80
COMMUNITY CHALLENEGES 16
NOTE: THIS SERIES OF MAPS IS BASED ON A REPORT OF WEST JACKSON BY DUVALL DECKER ARCHITECTS IN 2014.

The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture, CUNY
17
B. Community Challenges in West Jackson - Housing Stock Conditions

20%
10%
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Humidity
Climate Analysis of Jackson, Mississippi
100%
Jackson, summers are long, hot, and oppressive; the winters are short, cold, and wet; and it is
partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 38°F 90%
to 92°F and is rarely below 24°F or above 97°F.
80%
70%
JACKSON 60%
50%
100°C 40%
90°C 30%
80°C 20%
70°C
Jackson, MS
10%
60°C
50°C
40°C Precipitation Precipitation
Snow
Climate Analysis of Jackson, Mississip
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Climate Data
30°C
Jackson, summers are long, hot, and oppressive; the winters are short, cold, and wet; and
20°C 8 in partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies fro
NNNNN to 92°F and is rarely below 24°F or above 97°F.
10°C
6 in
HINDS COUNTY 4 in
Temperature High
Low
2 in 100°C
90°C
0 in 80°C
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 70°C
100%
WWEN Rainfall 60°C
50°C
United States of America
90% 40°C
EEEN 30°C
80%
12 mph 20°C
70%
Climate Analysis of Jackson, Mississippi
10°C
10 mph
60% JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
8 mph
50% Temperature
Jackson, summers are long, hot, and oppressive; the winters are short, cold, and wet; and it is
40% 6 mph partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 38°F
to 92°F and is rarely below 24°F or above 97°F.
30% SNSNN 4 mph 100%

90%
20% 2 mph
80%
10% 0 mph 100°C
70%
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN
90°C JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 60%
Wind
80°C
50%
70°C
Mississippi Hinds County, MS,
Humidity
Wind Direction 60°C
40%
30%
United States America 50°C
Source:ofhttps://weatherspark.com/y/11879/Average-Weather-in-Jackson-Mississippi-United-States-Year-Round#Sections-SolarEnergy
20%
40°C
Climate Analysis of Jackson, Mississippi 30°C

20°C
10%
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
100% 10°C
Humidity
90% Jackson, summers are long, hot, and oppressive; the winters are short, cold, and wet; and it is JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 38°F
80% to 92°F and is rarely below 24°F or above 97°F. Temperature High
Low
100%
70%
90%
100%
60% 80%
90%
50% 100°C 70%
80%
JACKSON 60%
40% 90°C 70%
50%
80°C 60%
30% 70°C 50%
40%
Mississippi Hinds County, MS, 40% 30%
20% 60°C
20%
50°C
30% Jackson, MS
10% United States of America 20% 10%
40°C
18
10%
Cooperation Jackson,
JAN FEB MAR APR Jackson
MAY JUNMississippi
JUL AUG SEP OCT 30°CNOV DEC
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Precipitation
Precipitation 20°C
10°C
Precipitation
Snow Humidity
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Rainfall and Soil
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Harnessing Solar Energy
20
21
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Harnessing Solar Energy

C. Housing: Ecological Considerations -Resilient Living
22
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Sustainable Systems
Structures
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Building Materials
Flooring

Insulation Wall
C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Building Materials

Roofing Foundation/Slab/Plumbing

New Mondragon Letchworth
Drop City Communities Inc Cooperative Garden City
Familistere
More Than
Housing
D. Housing: Social Considerations - Intentional Communities
Arcosanti Broadacre
City
Gramdan
Villlages
Gramdan Villlages More Than Housing

After Gandhi was assassinated in 1948, political leadership of his Arcosanti The building is designed to use as
Urban laboratory that attempts to test and demonstrate little energy as possible but it also
Avalon Organic movement fell to Nehru. Spiritual leadership fell to Vinoba Bhava. Drop City 1965-1973
an alternative human habitat. Arcosanti has about 80% promotes sustainable lifestyles with
Gandhi’s “constructive program” for post-colonial India had
“Drop out” of mainstream life. A reaction to consumerist. First
Gardens & Eco Village envisioned a decentralized society, built on the basis of
rural hippie commune, it included 7 acre plot of land in which
permanent residents. Most of the residents employed by low car use and low heating
Soreli non-profit organization. Experimental space to demands. This helps residents work
Familistere Letchworth Garden City
autonomous, self-reliant villages. Gandhi had also articulated a
1951-2000’s
to live and work together. Created by filmmaker Gene. towards the 2000 Watt society model
2015
concept of “trusteeship,” asserting that land and other assets “prototype” an environment in harmony with man. Soreli
Jean Baptiste Andre Godin built a Bernofsky and students. There was no obvious hierarchy. that the City of Zurich has adopted.
Urban planning considered alongside should be held in trust for the poor. Vinoba and his followers used his philosophy arcology (architecture & ecology) on
sprawling factory with living areas. He Between 1965-1965, there were 14-20 inhabitants. The There are13 buildings comprised of
strategies of community management marched throughout India asking rich landowners to donate the buildings. Buildings express the principle of arcology.
constructed three palatial housing buildings were designed on the principles of Buckminster residential and commercial units.The
and economic sustainability. The book portions of their land to poor families. The families found it difficult City has only pedestrian access not vehicles. Buildings
buildings, each with large glassrooved Fuller. First time geodesic domes were used for domestic living buildings were designed between 5
Garden Cities of Tomorrow, outlined a to retain the land so Vinoba began creating villages, the first of were constructed by volunteer and residents. Anyone can
courtyards in the center where residents
1970-PRESENT
and built by the community with a combination of material register as a volunteer architecture firms.
could socialise and where celebrations model for self-sustaining towns. which was Mongroth. The land would be held in trust by a village
were often held. Each worker would have The idea is to combined the council and leased to local farmers. At the Movement’s high-water Mondragon Cooperative New Communities Inc
convenience of urban life with the mark in the 1960s, more than 160,000 Gramdan Villages had been Their business philosophy is contained in its corporate Born out of the Civil Rights Movement in 1969, New Communities, Inc. is a non-profit
an apartment for his family to live
1870-1968
advantages of a countryside location, established. By the 1970s, few new villages were being brought values: Cooperation Participation Social responsibility based in Albany, Georgia. Founded as a collective farm, New Communities is widely
privately, but with access to shared recognized as the original model for community land trusts in the US. Today, the
surrounded by an agricultural greenbelt into the program and lands held in trust by many older Gramdan innovation. The Corporation’s Mission combines the core
1903
services. These services aimed to offer his founding members, including Charles and Shirley Sherrod, are dedicated to empowering
workers the “equivalent of wealth” that provides jobs and food. All citizens villages were reverting to individual ownership. By 2009, only goals of a business organisation competing on
were shareholders. Residents pay fot the 5000 Gramdan villages remained in all of India. international markets with the use of democratic methods the community through agribusiness and economic development. Distilled, the vision
- education, hygiene, culture, comfort. can be summed in three words “PRESERVE, FARM, CULTURE”. In preserving, it will improve
1956-PRESENT
They also received their salary, and shares services (rates) and those who invested in in its business organisation, the creation of jobs, the human
1970-PRESENT
and protect the wildlife habitat and preserve a restorative landscape for human
in the factory. In 1880, Godin legally the initial development receive a return Broadacre City (Never Built) and professional development of its workers and a pledge
meditation and health through hiking, biking, and other low-impact activities. In Farming,
founded the Cooperative Association of (rent) which gets reinvested in the town. City designed for democracy. Each US family would be given a to development with its social environment. In terms of
organisation, it is divided into four areas: Finance, Industry, it will produce revenue-generating crops and also serve as a place for teaching, learning,
1934-35
Capital and Labour: workers acquired the one acre plot of land from the federal land reserves, this land and the development of new agriculture techniques and technology. As a Culture, a place
rank of associates and elected the would serve to built the community. Land would be of public Distribution and Knowledge, and is today the foremost
Basque business group and the tenth largest in Spain. for community and social development will emerge as New Communities establishes a
managing director. The Familistère was, ownership as long as land is produced. Communal individuality new public meeting ground for events seminars, social activities, lodging, retail, classroom
essentially, collective property. and conference center.

D. Housing: Social Considerations - Intentional Communities
D. Housing: Social Considerations - Prefab Sustainable Housing
28
29
D. Housing: Social Considerations - Densifying the Neighborhood

CONDITIONS
ON THE GROUND
In the spring of 2019, four students from the advanced
design studio and Professor Nandini Bagchee were able
to visit Jackson with the help of a travel grant provided by
the Castagna Foundation. While in Jackson, they were
generously hosted by Cooperation Jackson. The guided
tour by Kali Akuno of Cooperation Jackson allowed
firsthand experience of the landscape of the site and city.
The prototype block is located within a mainly residential

neighborhood in west Jackson just south-west of
Cooperation Jackson's Balagoon Community Center.
The block slated for the pilot ecologically sustainable
development is bounded by Robinson and Central streets
(north-south) and Hughes and Ewing streets east west.
This block comprises of a grouping of lots procured by
Cooperation Jackson that are largely empty. Less than half
the single family houses on this block are intact and in use.
This block was the focus of the student work.
In two community sessions facilitated at Cooperation

Jackson’s Community Center- the students presented
their work and received feedback and commentary
from community members. The survey of the site and
engagement with community is documented in this section.

Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Ewing Street Block
Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Center for Community Production Complex
32
Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Ewing Street Block
Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Center for Community Production
Gyassi and Kwame prototyping and screenprinting in the CPC.

Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Mural Art
Artists painting murals on the Cooperation Jackson’s newly established Center for Community Production
Exploring West Jackson was as much about seeing

the housing as the community spaces, including the
workshop, farm, and commercial spaces that make up
Cooperation Jackson's existing network of collective
spaces. We documented and observed the known
issues within the neighborhood, but also witnessed
the way grassroots organizing is transforming the
neighborhood though art, culture and economy.
Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Freedom Farms
Cooperation Jackson and community members

working in Freedom Farms Cooperative on their
plot behind the Balagoon Center. This urban
farming initiative yields pesticide-free, herbicide-
free, non-GMO produce for the community who
has little access to it otherwise. This practice also
supports agricultural education and economic
independence.
Touring with Cooperation Jackson - Freedom Farms
Community Engagement - Touring East Jackson Neighborhood
Kali cooking dinner at the Balagoon Center Sister Imani outside the Balagoon Center

Community Engagement - Touring East Jackson Neighborhood
Midway Shopping Center Gas Station & Grocery
Masonic Temple Stewpot Community Services

ROBINSON STREET
MAGNOLIA STREET
EWING STREET
HUGHES STREET
Survey - Tax Lot Map of Site
CENTRAL STREET

Survey - Zoning
R-3 - ROWHOUSE R-3 - ZERO LOT LINE R-3/R-2A R-4
60% LOT COVERAGE 60% LOT COVERAGE 55% LOT COVERAGE 45% LOT COVERAGE
The zoning of West Jackson anticipates an increase

in density. Zoning schemes speak to the unique
block structure; two strips of housing horizontally
at either end of the block, and two strips infilling the
vertical difference, with alley roads and shared lot
lines in between.
Axonometric study of existing structures, their
potential build-able thresholds as determined by
zoning regulations, and a programmatic layout for
the block.
Survey - Prototype Block

In this aerial view, the current sites of the
Cooperation Jackson network are depicted; the
residential blocks, the current community center,
the new community production center, and the
midcity shopping area recently acquired.
Survey - Network of Cooperation Jackson of Sites

LEFT:
Perspectival views down Ewing Street (top), versus
Central street (bottom) reveals the difference in
density: predominantly-vacant lots along Ewing
versus regularly-spaced single family houses on
Central.
Survey - East Jackson Vernacular Typologies
RIGHT:
Photo documentation of existing homes in
varying states of upkeep reveal the reality of the
neighborhood straddling both home maintenance
and abandonment/dilapidation. The neighborhood
vernacular is read through predominantly single
story structures, pitched and hip roofs, plinthed
foundations, and entry porches.
Survey - East Jackson Vernacular Typologies
EWING STREET
Survey - Perimeter Photo-documentation of Ewing St. Block
CENTER STREET

ROBINSON ST
MAGNOLIA ST
EWING ST
HUGHES ST
CENTRAL ST

HUGHES ST. WEST
ROBINSON ST SOUTH BETWEEN EWING ST. AND MAGNOLIA ST.

ROBINSON ST
MAGNOLIA ST
EWING ST
HUGHES ST
CENTRAL ST

Community Engagement - Student Presentations at the Balagoon Center
50
Left: Students (Charin Kim and Soany Marquez
discuss their proposals with Cooperation Jackson
at the Balagoon Center.

Right: Community gathers at the Balagoon Center.
Daniel Blanc (top) and Nadeen Hassan (bottom)
present their work to Cooperation Jackson.

Sister Imani (top) and Kali Akuno (bottom) offer
their feedback.
STUDENT
PROPOSALS
The community land trust – where the land is held in common
allowed for the re-evaluation of the front yard, house, rear yard
typology and generated the potential for outdoor farming, private
and communal spaces that will serve as a model of collective
ownership.
Working with current zoning and climatic concerns the students

proposed various configurations of 2+ family housing. Most
of the solutions offer a low density housing in keeping with the
current built environment but a few also to advocate for a densifi-
cation and sharing that we think will bring more safety and urban
movement in West Jackson.
The proposals were refined through Cooperation Jackson's input

via Skype presentations and the visit to Jackson in April.
Saki Hall of Cooperation Jackson joined us for our final review at
the Spitzer School of Architecture in New York City.

Proposals:
Butterfly House Martha Zambrano
Off-Grid House Nadeen Hassan
Co-Action Dwelling Chaerin Kim
Stack House Soany Marquez
Interactive House Daniel Blanc
Fractal House Damian Armstrong
Panel House Justin Chau
Common House Santiago Neville
Incremental Modular Maria Patino
Courtyard Housing Ngawang Tenzin
Fin Housing Max Isakov
Social Housing Nayana Urankur
Student Presentations at The City College of New York

Critics:
Saki Hall, Cooperation Jackson

Tonja Adair, Architect
Samantha Josaphat, Architect, Professor at City College.
Jim Garrison, Architect, Professor at Pratt Institute.
Jonathan Kischenfeld, Architect.
Ignacio Galan, Architect, Professor at Barnard College.
BUTTERFLY HOUSE
Martha Zambrano
GROUND LEVEL SECOND LEVEL
The housing block integrates a variation of butterfly roof houses that range from two to three stories. The house roof is mainly focused on three uses; rain collection, shading, and solar panels. The rain collec-
tion is caused by the steep slope of the roof and followed by a gutter to drain it to a storage tank. The shading is provided for the porches with the roof’s extended wings that cantilever to maximize its shading
potential. The solar panels are aligned on one wing of the roof that is angled 47 degrees (the equinox angle) facing south to absorb as much solar rays as possible. Overall the roofs of all adjacent houses
ideally overlap with one another and create a shaded path between the houses and provide cross ventilation for comfort in the summer.
The porches and court yards in each home provide outdoor spaces that are used privately in their respective homes. While the public space for the entire community is being focused in the center of the block
that contains cookout, outdoor seating, vegetable garden, and playground. The paths on the back of the houses all lead to this central community site.
The parking area is proposed to be in between the block by recreating the old alley way. The spaces would be along the right side and be parked parallel to the sidewalk. Since the front yard is free from garag-
es this would become the families’ personal garden and also provide a buffer between the house and street providing a sense of safety for the residents.
Butterfly House - Martha Zambrano

FRONT LAWN
ORGANIC FARM PLOT

PARALLEL PARKING
FRONT LAWN
COMMUNITY CENTER SOLAR PANEL
BBQ + LOUNGE AREA

ORGANIC FARM LOT
BACKYARD

ROBINSON STREET
CENTRAL STREET
HUGHES STREET
TOP VIEW SITE PLAN

(DIAGRAM)
PRIVATE SHARED SHARED

SUNLIGHT SUNLIGHT SHADED
AREA AREA AREA

RAINWATER DRAINING INTO GUTTERS
DOWN INTO STORAGE TANK
RELEASED THROUGH
CLERESTORY
RELEASED THROUGH
PREFABRICATED HOME
CLERESTORY
BUTTERFLY ROOF
HOT AIR RISING HOT AIR RISING
LIFTED SLAB FOR VENTILATION LIFTED SLAB FOR VENTILATION

& AVOID MOISTURE INTO FLOOR BOARDS & AVOID MOISTURE INTO FLOOR BOARDS
SIDE ELEVATION SIDE ELEVATION
STORAGE TANK
PUMP PUMP
FILTER FILTER
SECTION DIA
1200 SQ FT (per floor) 1800 SQ FT (per floor) 2400 SQ FT (per floor) 3000 SQ FT (per floor)
30’ x 40’ 30’ x 60’ 40’ x 60’ 50’ x 60’
(2 sets of 2 people) (2 sets of 3 people) (2 sets of 4 people) (3 sets of 4 people)
DOGTROT
(shaded entry way for the families, and
provides cross ventilation for humid
climate)
58 LIFTEDJackson,
Cooperation ROOF Jackson Mississippi SECTION PERSPECTIVE
(detached roof that sits on the structure

for high ceilings and prevent
(2 sets
1200 of 2 people)
SQ FT (per floor) (2 sets
1800 of 3 people)
2400 of 4 people)
3000 of 4 people)
SQ FT (per floor)
30’ x 40’ 30’ x 60’ 40’ x 60’ 50’ x 60’
SIDE ELEVATION SIDE(2ELEVATION
sets of 2 people) (2 sets of 3 people) (2 sets of SIDE
4 people)
ELEVATION (3 sets of 4 people)
SIDE ELEVATION
DOGTROT
1/8” SCALE 1/8” SCALE 1/8” SCALE 1/8” SCALE
(shaded entry way for the families, and 1200 SQ FT (per floor) 1800 SQ FT (per floor) 2400 SQ FT (per floor) 3000 SQ FT (per floor)
DOGTROT
climate) 30’ x 40’ 30’ x 60’ 40’ x 60’ 50’ x 60’
(2 sets of 2 people) (2 sets of 3 people) (2 sets of 4 people) (3 sets of 4 people)
DOGTROT
climate)
DOGTROT
climate)

climate)
LIFTED DOGTROT
ROOF
(detached roofprovides cross
that sits onventilation for humid
the structure
LIFTED ROOF climate)
deadspaces from within)
LIFTED ROOF
LIFTED ROOF

LIFTED ROOF
ELEVATED PORCH
(external private space for the families,
ELEVATED PORCH

shaded space overlooking the
neighborhood and provides interactions
with the surrounding site)
ELEVATED PORCH
(external private spacesite)
with the surrounding for the families,
ELEVATED PORCH
ELEVATED
with the surrounding site) PORCH
shaded space(external
overlooking
privatethe
space for the families,
neighborhood shaded space overlooking
and provides the
interactions
neighborhood
with the surrounding site) and provides interactions
COURTYARD
with the surrounding site)
(internal private space for the families,

cooling down the internal core and
COURTYARD
provide indirect sunlight) SECTION PERSPECTIVE SECTION PERSPECTIVE

COURTYARD
provide indirect sunlight)
COURTYARD COURTYARD
(internal private space
cooling forthe
down theinternal
families,
core and
cooling downprovide
the internal
indirectcore and
sunlight)
GROUND LEVEL GROUND LEVEL

1/4” SCALE
The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture,
SECOND LEVEL SECOND LEVEL CUNY
1/4” SCALE
59
OFF-GRID HOUSE
Nadeen Hassan
Our research indicates that Jackson has the resources (public, health, food and education) that makes a positive neighborhood; however, not enough. My proposal revolves around boosting Jackson’s econo-
my, job opportunities, activity-based and public spaces. The organizational approach is through a grid system (each square is 15’x15) which locates a Greenhouse, Freedom Farms, a park and modular homes
for families and single persons. The proposal also considers the fabrication of a more customized façade system that will be produced by the Community Jacksons Center for Community Production.
To keep residents active, there is a bike lane circumscribing the block and connecting back to the city. The block is divided into sections to provide different ‘public” use and programming dedicated to sports,
kids’ playground and more. In addition, “semi-public” spaces between two homes can be collectively used by the occupants of two or more homes. As seen through the images, many outdoor communal
activities can take place in these areas such as a BBQ or outdoor relaxation. Paved patios are added within these areas to enhance the private/semi-public aspect of housing.
By deploying the grid within the full block, the modular house can be replicated and stacked both vertically and horizontally to form different types of homes. Understanding that potential occupants adhere
to different lifestyles, the stacked volumes and standardized module allow for a flexibility of spatial organization. The module also provides opportunities for future expansion and allows for the integration of
plumbing and passive/ off the grid energy solutions. Due to the simplicity of the cubic form, the exterior skin of the module can be created or built-in many alternative customizations using the CNC Milling.
As presented through the creation of the triangular façade, ideas of replication, patterns, and porches/overhangs were initiated. The skin adds a layer to form different spatial elements that make Cooperation
Jackson modular housing unique.
Off-Grid House - Nadeen Hassan

+ + +
+ + + + + + + + + + +
CHANGE
COMMUNAL
SPACE
LIGHT



CO-ACTION DWELLING
Chaerin Kim
Co-action Dwelling is a project that explores the utilization of modular urban housing that is solar energy efficient and flexible for prospective uses. One unit is identified as a typical housing module that adheres
to the use of solar energy to power the home. While also replicating in various forms and materiality to create different uses at the urban scale. Allocating spaces for permaculture farming, community-owned
businesses, and recreational areas for the community. As well housing typologies ranging from single to multiple family homes. Ultimately allowing for a space where a community could grow, interact, and
create a solidarity economy for residents in Jackson, Mississippi.
Each of the homes surround themselves in a way to create central spaces for the community to gather and collaborate on ideas that will further their involvement in the communal development. The
Permaculture farms and Cooperation Jackson community centers located at the core of the block captures concepts of cooperation, sharing, and social responsibility. Allocating a space for residents of the
block to visualize the growth of an economic democracy in West Jackson. Which is offered through the creation of a central walkway running north along Ewing Street of both ends of the block. But more
importantly offering an invitation to the surrounding community to partake in the success of a future cooperative network deriving from the block.
Co-Action Dwelling - Chaerin Kim

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Community Centers
Permaculture Farms
Existing Homes
Open Backyard Space
Master Plan
STACK HOUSE
Soany Marquez
The Block :
Community Jackson’s goal is to develop a place that sustains the community socially, culturally, and economically. One of the things I considered while working on the master plan was the concept of ‘what
makes a good/healthy block’. I think, a concentration of diverse activities and people along a walkable neighborhood helps to keep a block vibrant and safe. In response to the brief to design housing in the
block between Ewing St and Hughes St, I implemented a master plan that does the following:
1. Different areas serve more than function - The spaces would be made up of small farming land, commercial areas, greenhouses, beer gardens, and public plazas.
2. High-Density housing - The house-module could be duplicated as necessary in order to achieve different densities.
3. Diverse architecture through the house module - Through stacking the modules one could start to look at different sizes of dwelling while adhering to the same (basic) construction principles.
The master plan would consolidate the “backyards” of all the lots for use of common/ shared amenities. Because of this, the private outdoor spaces of the homes would now be in the front yard.
The House:
Each individual module is 750sqft, enough to house a couple. However, the house that I developed further has a total of 3,000sqft ( four modules). It was designed to house two couples on the lower level and
incorporates two private bedrooms, a living room, and kitchen. The upper floor is designed for a family of five or six members, making one module private and the other public. The private module incorporates
all the bedrooms and a private balcony, while the public one has the kitchen/dining room, living room, office space, and balcony.
The main entrance is a shared staircase at the center of the house. The overall design of the house was inspired by southern style homes with exterior shutters and wood finishes. The sloped roof was design to
help collect rainwater and allow for better air circulation in the house.
Stack House - Soany Marquez

s
op
/Sh
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Fa
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Ho
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gT
tin
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Cir
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G ree
First FL Scale 1/4”-1’0” Second FL Scale 1/4”-1’0”

RIGID INSULATION
EXPOSED INTERIOR BEAM
2” x 6” Wooden Studs
WEATHER SEALED GASKET

CLADDING FRAME
UNDULATING WOOD CLADDING
W 8 x 18 I-BEAM
POLISH WOOD CLADDING
TERMITE SHIELD
#3 STIRRUP TIED TO REBAR
8” TAPERED TIMBER PILE

Panel 1: Wood Frame

INTERACTIVE HOUSE
Daniel Blanc
In my proposed master plan, I responded to the concerns of the residents by introducing design strategies that would transform the entire block to feel “inviting” and “safe”. Motivated by Cooperation Jackson’s
Community Land Trust, I started to consider how I could implement different levels of resident participation that could transform the insularity engendered by the single family home in an area that is struggling
to recover from economic depression and residential abandonment. My proposal began by creating a public and centralized farming space that links the houses on the east and west sides of the block while
enabling public circulation through the center. The second level of user interaction is through interconnected walkways and shared spaces between houses. While this layout of the block suggests a big shift
in the social dynamics, it advocates that a safer community is one that has many eyes keeping watch (ala Jane Jacobs). This leads to the 3rd level of interaction being private and common spaces within the
household and between its occupants. Some of its elements are side entrances into the home and a continuous porch wrapping the houses; the elevated shared space functions as a “backyard.” Within the
home, the shared spaces are a gym and laundry room.
These social design principles are integrated with sustainable, climate responsive elements such as water gardens, swales and trellises that create shade and mitigate the water from the heavy rainfall. By
studying the building typologies in Jackson Mississippi, I understood how to combat the hot and wet weather conditions by creating deep overhangs, porches and high ceilings with clerestories to keep air
circulating. The integration of a substantial number of solar panels will allow for a substantial savings in energy costs throughout the year.
Interactive House - Daniel Blanc

SITE AXONOMETRIC AND SECTION


RIGID INSULATION
Panel 1: Wood Frame


CLADDING FRAME

RIGID INSULATION
Panel 1: Wood Frame

CLADDING FRAME
W 8 x 18 I-BEAM
POLISH WOOD CLADDING
TERMITE SHIELD

TERMITE SHIELD


EWING STREET EWING STREET EWING STREET EWING STREET
FIRST LEVEL ROOF PLAN

SECOND LEVEL THIRD LEVEL
SCALE: 5/ 64” = 1’-0” N N N SCALE: 5/ 64” = 1’-0” N
SCALE: 5/ 64” = 1’-0” SCALE: 5/ 64” = 1’-0”
860.6 Sq Ft.
THIRD LEVEL
FIRST LEVEL 1,297.5 Sq Ft. SECOND LEVEL 832 Sq Ft.
853.67 Sq Ft. 322.5 Sq Ft.

Indoor Occupiable Area
Outdoor Occupiable Area

600 Sq Ft.
411.3 Sq Ft.
WEST ELEVATION SOUTH ELEVATION EAST ELEVATION NORTH ELEVATION

SCALE: 3/32” = 1’-0” SCALE: 3/32” = 1’-0” SCALE: 3/32” = 1’-0” SCALE: 3/32” = 1’-0”
PLANS & ELEVATIONS


FRACTAL HOUSE
Damian Armstrong
Picking upon the natural topography of the land, the site plan reconfigures the block internally by zoning it to have different land uses. Play areas and agricultural areas break down the repetition of the housing.
The idea was to break down the scale of the block through meandering paths and organic geometries.
The house itself is based upon a “fractal” geometry. The structural trusses are a rotational repeat that yield intimately scaled and sectionally variegated housing profiles.
Fractal House - Damian Armstrong


ROBINSON ST.
EWING ST.
HUGHES ST.
CENTRAL ST. SITE PLAN

89

PANEL HOUSE
Justin Chau
In response to Cooperation Jackson’s commitment to community and collective ownership, I began to explore the potential relationships between housing units and creating an easy to assemble building
typology.
How can architecture enhance the interactions between people and create community? By exploring different relationships planimetrically and sectionally, I was able to generate a form that I believed would cre-
ate the most dynamic and interesting relationships within the housing block. Each housing block accommodates groups of two to three people by aggregating modular units. Between the modular units I also
created terraces that allow for interactions between one another. In a discussion with Cooperation Jackson, the importance of the front porch was emphasized. In response, I integrated the idea of a shared
community space into the design.
Another major focal point of my design was the creation of a repetitive system that would allow for simple construction and easy assembly. The idea was to create a framing system in which various panels can
be placed interchangeably based on the programmatic need of that room. This paneling system would allow for the insertion of doors, windows, and solid walls on the exterior of each modular housing unit,
creating a system that is modular yet flexible.
Panel House - Justin Chau


COMMON HOUSE
Santiago Neville
Modular housing for a community with a commitment to a collective ethos allowed for the exploration of the “common house”. A series of modules are arrayed along a vertical core that provides shared kitch-
ens and living spaces to 3-4 families. These pods with a treelike vertical aspect- free up the ground space for commercial indoor facilities and ample ground for farming practices. In response to the request of
some of Cooperation Jackson’s members to explore more unconventional forms of housing typology, this proposal uses a rounded capsule module to provide the private residential quarters. The sustainable
aspects of the housing come about through the compactness and efficiency of shared living.
Common House - Santiago Neville


INCREMENTAL MODULAR
Maria Patino
This project attempts to support Cooperation Jackson’s mission through architecture. This project will address housing, communal interaction, and agricultural space. The neighborhood I am focusing on is
located between Robinson Rd and Central St, North and South and Ewing St and Hughes St, West and East respectively.
The master plan uses existing trees as one of the parameters for the design. By doing this, the neighborhood will be maintaining its character while thinking on the environment and sustainability. Also, I famil-
iarized myself with the zoning regulations to maximize the use of land in a way that improves the community needs. The modules will be placed in a manner that allows for a continuous communal space along
the block. Certain areas will vary between open and semi-private, creating accessibility and privacy. The agricultural area will be an essential component of communal space. It will be in the middle of the block
along Ewing Street, allowing any member to have access and be able to be an active participant if desired. Additionally, two greenhouses will provide growth in cold seasons. The houses are modular, allowing
easy modification to the community needs. The modules orientation and openings maximize natural light. Due to the form and modularity, construction can be incremental. Making the community in complete
control. The parking spaces will be located along the streets for residents’ easy access.
Incremental Modular - Maria Patino


COMMUNAL SPACE
AGRICULTURAL SPACE
GREEN SPACE

PERGOLA
HOUSING
COMMUNAL SHARED SPACE


COURTYARD HOUSING
Ngawang Tenzin
This proposal takes inspiration from the courtyard/public plazas found in traditional cities across the world and re-imagines it as an important feature to organize the block in West Jackson. Maintaining the ex-
isting housing stock and the mature trees the conceptual study generated a dynamic geometry for the site. Within this matrix created by existing conditions, the first move was to insert open-courts of different
sizes creating a connective tissue of outdoor space that breaks out of the “single family” property ownership prescribed by the city towards Cooperative Jackson’s shared land-use model. The modules of
housing that emerge from the diagonal adjacencies on the ground were then organized sectionally around open courts.
Courtyard Housing - Ngawang Tenzin



FIN HOUSING
Max Isakov
Working against the notion of the regular grid I reorganized the block with triangular modular units to create curved housing blocks. The higher density of the housing freed up more room for the farm/ open
space that is a crucial need in West Jackson. A higher density although less appealing at this stage is arguably more sustainable and economically viable in the long term.
The multifamily units are created using 4 different modules which lend themselves to different functional room layouts. The combination of these modules lends itself to a variety of combinations for different
sizes of apartment style dwellings. The additional Module of a louvered panel moves with the sun to provide shade to the exposed glass panels.
Fin Housing - Max Isakov


SOCIAL HOUSING
Nayana Urankur
The courtyard housing concept derived from the traditional houses within hot humid climate zones found in many parts of the world informed the planning for the block. The idea of a courtyard house is one
where the indoor living spaces are dispersed around the central courtyard. Similarly, the central court within this larger block housing proves a green oasis surrounded by low density modular townhouse type
of housing. The central court which is pen to the sky also facilitates sustainable features like rainwater harvesting. This proposal also advocates for passive house cooling along with the use of vernacular materi-
als to adapt the built spaces to the local climate.
By enlarging the traditional courtyard house this scheme is able to integrate recreational and community spaces like parks, play area, and organic farming in center with 2-3 story block housing on the perimeter
of the block. The housing units are placed alternately with pockets of open spaces connected via covered corridors to bring unity between the housing unit clusters. The typical house cluster features a total of 4
units with one unit of three bedrooms, two units of two bedrooms and one unit of the studio. The main sustainable feature adapted in this denser housing is the use of solar panel on the terraces to harvest solar
power and a rainwater collection pit per cluster of the housing which can be used for gray water utilities.
Social Housing - Nayana Urankur



Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Cooperation Jackson for sharing their vision of the housing, hosting us in Jackson and collaborating with us.
We thank the many well wishers and studio critics that made this studio a success.
We would also like to acknowledge the support of the Castagna foundation for funding our air travel to Jackson Via New Orleans.

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SIDE ELEVATION SIDE ELEVATION

1/8” SCALE 1/8” SCALE

Panel 1: Wood Frame

THE BERNARD AND ANNE SPITZER

Professor Nandini Bagchee

The Advanced Design Students (Spring 2019)

2 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

A. Geography 70 Stack House

B. Community Challenges in West Jackson 84 Fractal House

D. Housing: Social Considerations 102 Courtyard Housing

Conditions on the Ground 112 Social Housing

4 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

“You never change things by fighting the existing reality.

The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture, CUNY 7

B. COMMUNITY CHALLENGES IN WEST JACKSON

C. HOUSING: ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

D. HOUSING: SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS

8 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

B. COMMUNITY CHALLENGES IN WEST JACKSON

Infrastructure And Public Resources

C. HOUSING: ECOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture, CUNY 9

CATFISH CATFISH Benton Benton

P anol a Quitman Flood

Lee Itawamba Lee Itawamba

CAPITAL: JACKSON CAPITAL: JACKSON GA GA Montgomery Montgomery xap

FIR MAPLE FIR MAPLE

MAGNOLIA MAGNOLIA Kemper Kemper

SWEET GUM SWEET GUM Madison Madison

Issaquena Issaquena Leake Neshoba Leake Neshoba

Ross Barnett Ross Barnett

Pike Walthall Pike Walthall Greene Greene

Only five Only five Forrest

grocery stores grocery stores

Stone Jackson Stone Jackson

Mississippi Sound Mississippi Sound

10 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

Above Between Below

Food Insecurity Rate Average Meal Cost

A. Geography - Food Scarcity in Hinds County

Food Insecure rate in Hinds County

“The Eco Village is “ 1=3,857

The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture, CUNY 11

POPULATION OF WHITE ONLY RESIDENTS IN RANKIN COUNTY

POPULATION OF WHITE ONLY RESIDENTS IN HINDS COUNTY

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

THE MATTER OF MIGRATION

RENTER-OCCUPIED FO NEED MAJOR IMPROVEMENTS FO

2% NEED MAJOR WORK

I ON ARE IN GOOD CONDITION ST

10% ARE IN GOOD

1,498 PROPERTIES THAT ARE

0% NEED DEMOLITION GRAND AVENUE

Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

B. Community Challenges in West Jackson - Housing Stock Conditions

30% SNSNN 4 mph 100%

Climate Analysis of Jackson, Mississippi 30°C

C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Harnessing Solar Energy

24 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi

C. Housing: Ecological Considerations - Building Materials

The Bernard and Anne Spitzer School of Architecture, CUNY 25

Gramdan Villlages More Than Housing

26 Cooperation Jackson, Jackson Mississippi