SQL> CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4), ENAME VARCHAR2(10) NOT NULL, JOB

VARCHAR2(9), MGR_ID NUMBER(4), DATE_BIRTH DATE, SAL NUMBER(7,2), COMM NUMBER(7,2),

DEPTNO VARCHAR2(3), DATE_OF_JOIN DATE);

Table created.

SQL> desc emp;

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
ENAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR_ID NUMBER(4)
DATE_BIRTH DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO VARCHAR2(3)
DATE_OF_JOIN DATE
PRJ_ID VARCHAR2(4)

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP ADD CONSTRAINT PK1 PRIMARY KEY(EMPNO);

Table altered.

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP MODIFY SAL DEFAULT 20001;

Table altered.

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP MODIFY COMM DEFAULT 1000;

Table altered.

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP ADD CONSTRAINT FK3 FOREIGN KEY(MGR_ID) REFERENCES EMP(EMPNO);

Table altered.

SQL>ALTER TABLE EMP ADD PRJ_ID VATCHAR2(4);

Table altered.

SQL> CREATE TABLE DEPT(DNO VARCHAR2(3) PRIMARY KEY, DNAME VARCHAR2(10) UNIQUE,
LOCATION VARCHAR2(9));

Table created.

SQL> DESC DEPT

Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
DNO NOT NULL VARCHAR2(3)
DNAME VARCHAR2(10)
LOCATION VARCHAR2(9)

SQL> CREATE TABLE PROJECTS(DNO VARCHAR2(3), PRJ_NO VARCHAR2(5), PRJ_NAME

VARCHAR2(10), PRJ_CREDITS NUMBER(2), START_DATE DATE, END_DATE DATE);

Table created.
SQL> DESC PROJECTS
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- --------
----------------------------
DNO NOT NULL VARCHAR2(3)
PRJ_NO NOT NULL VARCHAR2(5)
PRJ_NAME VARCHAR2(10)
PRJ_CREDITS NUMBER(2)
START_DATE DATE
END_DATE DATE

SQL> ALTER TABLE PROJECTS ADD CONSTRAINT FK2 FOREIGN KEY (DNO) REFERENCES
DEPT(DNO);

Table altered.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID);
Enter value for empno: 100
Enter value for ename: 'Ravi'
Enter value for job: 'MGR'
Enter value for mgr_id: 111
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Oct-1985'
Enter value for sal: 32000
Enter value for comm: 15000
Enter value for deptno: 'D1'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Oct-2001'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P1'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(100, 'Ravi', 'MGR', 111, '10-Oct-1985', 32000,
15000, 'D1', '2-Oct-2001', 'P1')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 103
Enter value for ename: 'Raviraaj'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 100
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 24000
Enter value for comm: 10000
Enter value for deptno: 'D1'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-nov-2000'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P3'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(103, 'Raviraaj', 'CLERK', 100, '10-Dec-1980',
24000, 10000, 'D1', '2-nov-2000', 'P3')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 111
Enter value for ename: 'Raghu'
Enter value for job: 'GM'
Enter value for mgr_id: 150
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1974'
Enter value for sal: 45000
Enter value for comm: 15000
Enter value for deptno: null
Enter value for date_of_birth: '3-Dec-1985'
Enter value for prj_id: null
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(111, 'Raghu', 'GM', 150, '10-Dec-1974', 45000,
15000, null, '3-Dec-1985', null)

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 150
Enter value for ename: 'Touhid'
Enter value for job: 'CEO'
Enter value for mgr_id: null
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1970'
Enter value for sal: 60000
Enter value for comm: 30000
Enter value for deptno: null
Enter value for date_of_birth: '3-Dec-1990'
Enter value for prj_id: null
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(150, 'Touhid', 'CEO', null, '10-Dec-1970', 60000,
30000, null, '3-Dec-1990', null)

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 105
Enter value for ename: 'Suraj'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 111
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 24000
Enter value for comm: 10000
Enter value for deptno: 'D1'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2001'
Enter value for prj_id:
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(105, 'Suraj', 'CLERK', 111, '10-Dec-1980', 24000,
10000, 'D1', '2-Dec-2001', 'P1')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 107
Enter value for ename: 'Mahesh'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 111
Enter value for date_birth: '2-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 24000
Enter value for comm: 5000
Enter value for deptno: 'D1'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2002'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P3'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(107, 'Mahesh', 'CLERK', 111, '2-Dec-1980', 24000,
5000, 'D1', '2-Dec-2002', 'P3')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 125
Enter value for ename: 'Manu'
Enter value for job: 'MGR'
Enter value for mgr_id: 150
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 32000
Enter value for comm: 7000
Enter value for deptno: 'D4'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2002'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P2'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(125, 'Manu', 'MGR', 150, '10-Dec-1980', 32000,
7000, 'D4', '2-Dec-2002', 'P2')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 104
Enter value for ename: 'Sunil'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 100
Enter value for date_birth: '2-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 24000
Enter value for comm: 3000
Enter value for deptno: 'D2'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2005'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P1'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(104, 'Sunil', 'CLERK', 100, '2-Dec-1980', 24000,
3000, 'D2', '2-Dec-2005', 'P1')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 106
Enter value for ename: 'Kartik'
Enter value for job: 'MGR'
Enter value for mgr_id: 100
Enter value for date_birth: '2-Dec-1986'
Enter value for sal: 32000
Enter value for comm: 8000
Enter value for deptno: 'D2'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2001'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P3'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(106, 'Kartik', 'MGR', 100, '2-Dec-1986', 32000,
8000, 'D2', '2-Dec-2001', 'P3')
1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 123
Enter value for ename: 'Ajay'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 106
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1974'
Enter value for sal: 25000
Enter value for comm: 2000
Enter value for deptno: 'D3'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2002'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P2'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(123, 'Ajay', 'CLERK', 106, '10-Dec-1974', 25000,
2000, 'D3', '2-Dec-2002', 'P2')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 108
Enter value for ename: 'Malhar'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 106
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1970'
Enter value for sal: 25000
Enter value for comm: 1000
Enter value for deptno: 'D9'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-1985'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P1'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(108, 'Malhar', 'CLERK', 106, '10-Dec-1970', 25000,
1000, 'D9', '2-Dec-1985', 'P1')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 109
Enter value for ename: 'Dhanaji'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 111
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 24000
Enter value for comm: 4000
Enter value for deptno: 'D1'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '2-Dec-2001'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P3'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(109, 'Dhanaji', 'CLERK', 111, '10-Dec-1980', 24000,
4000, 'D1', '2-Dec-2001', 'P3')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: null
Enter value for ename: 'Shoeb'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 106
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 18000
Enter value for comm: 1000
Enter value for deptno: 'D5'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P2'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(null, 'Shoeb', 'CLERK', 106, '10-Dec-1980', 18000,
1000, 'D5', '10-Dec-1980', 'P2')
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(null, 'Shoeb', 'CLERK', 106, '10-Dec-1980', 18000, 1000,
'D5', '10-Dec-1980', 'P2')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01400: cannot insert NULL into ("SYSTEM"."EMP"."EMPNO")

SQL> /
Enter value for empno: 110
Enter value for ename: 'Shoeb'
Enter value for job: 'CLERK'
Enter value for mgr_id: 106
Enter value for date_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for sal: 18000
Enter value for comm: 1000
Enter value for deptno: 'D5'
Enter value for date_of_birth: '10-Dec-1980'
Enter value for prj_id: 'P2'
old 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(&EMPNO, &ENAME, &JOB, &MGR_ID, &DATE_BIRTH, &SAL,
&COMM, &DEPTNO, &DATE_OF_BIRTH, &PRJ_ID)
new 1: INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(110, 'Shoeb', 'CLERK', 106, '10-Dec-1980', 18000,
1000, 'D5', '10-Dec-1980', 'P2')

1 row created.

SQL> SELECT * FROM EMP;

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR_ID DATE_BIRT SAL

COMM DEP DATE_OF_J PRJ_
----------- ---------- ---------- ----------
--------- ---------- ---------- ---
--------- ----
100 Ravi MGR 111 10-OCT-85
32000 15000 D1 02-OCT-01 P1
103 Raviraaj CLERK 100 10-DEC-80
24000 10000 D1 02-NOV-00 P3
111 Raghu GM 150 10-DEC-74
45000 15000 03-DEC-85
150 Touhid CEO 10-DEC-70
60000 30000 03-DEC-90
105 Suraj CLERK 111 10-DEC-80
24000 10000 D1 02-DEC-01 P1
107 Mahesh CLERK 111 02-DEC-80
24000 5000 D1 02-DEC-02 P3
125 Manu MGR 150 10-DEC-80
32000 7000 D4 02-DEC-02 P2
104 Sunil CLERK 100 02-DEC-80
24000 3000 D2 02-DEC-05 P1
106 Kartik MGR 100 02-DEC-86
32000 8000 D2 02-DEC-01 P3
123 Ajay CLERK 106 10-DEC-74
25000 2000 D3 02-DEC-02 P2
108 Malhar CLERK 106 10-DEC-70
25000 1000 D9 02-DEC-85 P1

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR_ID DATE_BIRT SAL

COMM DEP DATE_OF_J PRJ_
---------- ---------- --------- ----------
--------- ---------- ---------- --- --------- ----
109 Dhanaji CLERK 111 10-DEC-80 24000
4000 D1 02-DEC-01 P3
110 Shoeb CLERK 106 10-DEC-80 18000
1000 D5 10-DEC-80 P2

13 rows selected.

SQL>

SQL> INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION);

Enter value for dno: 'D1'
Enter value for dname: 'MARKETING'
Enter value for location: 'CHN'
old 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION)
new 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES('D1', 'MARKETING', 'CHN')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno: 'D2'
Enter value for dname: 'RESEARCH'
Enter value for location: 'MNG'
old 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION)
new 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES('D2', 'RESEARCH', 'MNG')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno: 'D3'
Enter value for dname: 'ADMIN'
Enter value for location: 'BNG'
old 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION)
new 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES('D3', 'ADMIN', 'BNG')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno: 'D4'
Enter value for dname: 'BGG'
Enter value for location: 'CHN'
old 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION)
new 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES('D4', 'BGG', 'CHN')

1 row created.
SQL> /
Enter value for dno: 'D5'
Enter value for dname: 'IT'
Enter value for location: 'BNG'
old 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION)
new 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES('D5', 'IT', 'BNG')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno: 'D6'
Enter value for dname: 'CORPORATE'
Enter value for location: 'HYD'
old 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES(&DNO, &DNAME, &LOCATION)
new 1: INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES('D6', 'CORPORATE', 'HYD')

1 row created.

SQL> SELECT * FROM DEPT;

DNO DNAME LOCATION

--- ---------- ---------
D1 MARKETING CHN
D2 RESEARCH MNG
D3 ADMIN BNG
D4 BGG CHN
D5 IT BNG
D6 CORPORATE HYD

6 rows selected.

SQL> ALTER TABLE PROJECTS ADD CHECK(END_DATE<START_DATE);

Table altered.

SQL> INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES(&DNO, &PRJ_NO,

&PRJ_CREDITS,&START_DATE,&LAST_DATE);
Enter value for dno:D1
Enter value for prj_no:P1
Enter value for prj_name: Strategies
Enter value for prj_credits:2
Enter value for start_date:02-DEC-10
Enter value for end_date:16-JAN-12
old 1: INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES(&DNO, &PRJ_NO,
&PRJ_CREDITS,&START_DATE,&LAST_DATE)
new 1:INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES('D1',' P1','Strategies','2 ','02-DEC-10' ,'16-
JAN-12')

1 row created.

SQL> /

Enter value for dno:D2

Enter value for prj_no:P1
Enter value for prj_name:Nutrition
Enter value for prj_credits:2
Enter value for start_date:10-MAY-09
Enter value for end_date:19-JUL-19
old 1: INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES(&DNO, &PRJ_NO,
&PRJ_CREDITS,&START_DATE,&LAST_DATE)
new 1:INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES('D2','P1','Nutrition','2','10-MAY-09','19-JUL-
19')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno:D3
Enter value for prj_no:P2
Enter value for prj_name:Financing
Enter value for prj_credits:7
Enter value for start_date:12-AUG-10
Enter value for end_date:27-SEP-18
old 1: INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES(&DNO, &PRJ_NO,
&PRJ_CREDITS,&START_DATE,&LAST_DATE)
new 1:INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES('D3','P2','Financing','7','12-AUG-10','27-SEP-
18')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno:D1
Enter value for prj_no:P3
Enter value for prj_name: Funds
Enter value for prj_credits:5
Enter value for start_date:22-FEB-08
Enter value for end_date:10-MAR-19
old 1: INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES(&DNO, &PRJ_NO,
&PRJ_CREDITS,&START_DATE,&LAST_DATE)
new 1:INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES('D1','P3','Funds','5','22-FEB-08','10-MAR-19')

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for dno:D4
Enter value for prj_no: P2
Enter value for prj_name:Mars
Enter value for prj_credits: 7
Enter value for start_date:15-APR-18
Enter value for end_date:28-OCT-19
old 1: INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES(&DNO, &PRJ_NO,
&PRJ_CREDITS,&START_DATE,&LAST_DATE)
new 1:INSERT INTO PROJECTS VALUES('D4','P2','Mars','7','15-APR-18','28-OCT-19')

1 row created.

SQL> select * from projects;

DNO PRJ_N PRJ_NAME PRJ_CREDITS START_DAT END_DATE

--- ----- ---------- ----------- ---------
---------
D1 P1 Strategies 2 02-DEC-10 16-JAN-12
D2 P1 Nutrition 2 10-MAY-09 19-JUL-19
D3 P2 Financing 7 12-AUG-10 27-SEP-18
D1 P3 Funds 5 22-FEB-08 10-MAR-
19
D4 P2 Mars 7 15-APR-18 28-OCT-19

5 row selected.
SQL>^Z