Chapter I

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Gun ownership has always been a controversial topic and has stirred a

constitutional debate not only in the United States but also here in the Philippines.

Filipino gun enthusiasts attempt to invoke the right to self-defense as a constitutional

guarantee to own gun. However, there are those who are favorable to gun ownership and

there are also those who are against gun ownership. Violence in the Philippines

heightens as the Marawi Incidence ignites the declaration of Martial Law. More people

want to own firearms to protect themselves more than their desire to harm others. Others

possess firearms as a hobby. When crime rate, drugs, and insurgency keeps at the top of

the daily news, rational people wants to protect himself by owning firearms. When

civilians are caught in local war between the government troops and the muslim rebels, as

what happened in Marawi City siege, the need to own gun becomes their priority.

Since most of the criminal acts utilizes weapon, the most effect of which is gun,

the normal and expected reaction of law enforcers is to regulate its use. The official

statistics regarding the number of guns in circulation comes from the PNP-FED Philipine

National Police Firearms and Explosive Division.

The local firearms industry in the Philippines covers the manufacture,

distribution, licensing, ownership, transfer and use of firearms. The pioneers in the arms

manufacture and dealing are ARMSCOR and P. B. DIONISIO & CO.( Jennifer Santiago

Oreta, 2012). According to the Small Arms Survey (2012) the estimate of firearms in
 2

circulation in the Philippines is approximately 3.9 Million. The Philippine government

controls a total of 199 registered companies engaged in the firearms industry by

specifically regulating the various stages in the production line. (Kramer 2001a; PNP-

FED 2009; Government of the Republic 2010). Access to firearms by private individuals

is facilitated through a licensed company authorized to transaction or sell firearms and

ammunition ( S. Calixto, 2009; A. Serrano, 2010). Actual ownership is established once

the private individual manages to register the firearm, and gets a license to own it ( A.

Serrano, 2010). The registration and licensing formally establish the legality of the

ownership of the firearm. The PNP-Firearms and Explosives Division (PNP-FED) is the

specific regulative agency of the government mandated to administer, enforce and

implement the firearms laws, rules and regulations OPNP_FED, 2008) Accordingly, in

its 2008 data, a total of 752,752 purchased legal firearms in the Philippines.

The present cost of licensing firearms is P5,000 (+-) inclusive of the license fee,

processing fee, documentary and test fees. There are perquisites in the licensing of

firearms such that an individual may hold under license a maximum of only one (1) low-

powered rifle caliber 22 or shotgun not heavier than 12 gauge and one (1) pistol or

revolver not higher than caliber .38 except caliber .357 and caliber .22 center fire

magnum and those which may later be classified by the Chief PNP as high-powered

regardless of the type, make or caliber.

According to rule 2 of the implementing rules and regulation of RA 10591, a

person in order to qualify to own and possess firearms, must be a Filipino citizen, at least

21 years of age at the time of filing the written application to own and possess firearm,

has gainful work or business, or has filed an Income Tax Return for the preceding year as
 3

proof of income. A physically challenged individual can own and possess firearm

provided that she/he can safely, efficiently and effectively use them by filing at the FEO

accompanied by the original copy of clearance issued by the RTC and MTC,

neuropsychiatric clearance, drug test, clearance on gun safety and responsible gun

ownership seminar, National Police Certificate , NSO birth certificate, proof of latest

billing, two valid IDs ( 1 is a government issued ID), Income Tax Return, certificate of

employment, business permit, retirement order for retired government employees, OFW

certificate of employment and military reservist J clearance as the case may apply.

Having the license to own and possess firearm does not guarantee a person to be

allowed to carry such firearms outside his/ her home or residence. That is why, a

separate permit should be procure to carry firearms outside of residence or place of

business which shall be issued by the Chief, PNP or his/her duly authorized

representative to the licensed citizen allowing him/her to carry the firearm outside the

residence or place of business. A licensed citizen whose life is under actual threat or

imminent danger may apply for the issuance of a PTCFOR. The written application made

under oath and duly notarized shall be filed together with the threat assessment certificate

issued by the PNP.

Currently, individuals from Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao applying for PTCFOR

are required to make a personal appearance at PTCFOR Secretariat Office, Camp Crame,

Quezon City just to secure the application form. The applicant’s personal information

and his/her firearm details is encoded only if the applicant apply for his/her permit.

Picture taking is also done at the same time. With the current process of securing the

PTCFOR application form outside Quezon City and other provinces, applicants will have
 4

to travel and make a personal appearance and file their PTCFOR application and will

have to wait for fifteen (15) working days for processing, then the applicant will be

notified thru SMS of the status of his/her application.

The process in the issuance of permit requires that the applicant should be

personally present either as new applicant or renewal applicant living from Luzon to

Mindanao. As a busy person, the applicant has to excuse from his job just to renew his

permit since the office hours is only from Monday to Friday. This phenomenon has been

a problem that needs to be explored.

The proponent of this study, being the former Deputy Chief of PTCFOR

Secretariat argues that through careful study, the current PTCFOR system can be further

improved through decentralization of the filing and approval system, hense it allows to

save time, resources, and minimize the risks among those gun-owner stakeholders from

any part of the country. This study further argues that aside from the motivation of the

government to perform its mandate to protect its people and their property, there is also

that need to regulate gun ownership of civiians.

Philosophical Stance

The study will take a descriptive paradigm that evidently integrates the Husserlian

Philosophy into the Descriptive Phenomenology highlighting therein the “pure”

description of people’s experiences to the understanding, of such experiences.

Looking at the world of phenomena to “things-in-themselves,” Kant argued that

the intellect cannot figure out the world of phenomena, or the object of empirical

knowledge. G. Hegel observed it as the science of knowledge or the study of cognition in

 5

its historical forms as they progresses toward absolute knowledge. According to Hegel,

phenomenology explores the different stages in the development of the spirit, proving a

“detailed account of the development of consciousness itself to the level of a science”

(Fenomenologiia dukha, in Soch., Moscow, 1959, vol.4, p.44).

Beck (1992), Lopez and Willis (2004), and SwansonKauffman and Schonwald

(1988) proposes that descriptive phenomenology is more suitable for inquiry that aims to

determine universal aspects of a phenomenon that were certainly not conceptualized or

incompletely conceptualized in prior research.

Colaizzi, Giorgi, and Van Kaam are different schools of phenomenology based on

Husserl’s descriptive phenomenology. All of the three methods define the meaning of

experience through emergent themes in which the researcher quests for common patterns

prompted from specific experiences. Colaizzi’s method teaches the researcher to validate

the findings by returning to the study participants, while Giorgi’s analysis challenges the

validation of the participants. Giorgi deems it unfitting to ask participants or external

judges for validation. Van Kaam’s method needs that inter subjectivity be confirmed

through expert judges.

Zahavi, (2001a) have always contended for the importance of examining not only

of how a phenomenon appears to an individual subject, but how the phenomenon is

present to an inter-subjective community. Similarly, it is vital to understand that one

needs to adopt a different strategy when doing science, in contrast to doing philosophy

(Giorgi, 1997, 2006, 2009). In other words, one cannot just take a philosophical method
 6

and use it for scientific purposes, because a philosophical method is established for

philosophical purposes, not scientific ones (Giorgi, 1997, 2009).

One important components of Husserlian phenomenology is the belief, that it is

important for the researcher to cover all prior personal knowledge to grasp the important

lived experiences of those being studied. In other words, the researcher must dynamically

strip his or her consciousness of all prior expert knowledge as well as personal biases

(Natanson, 1973).

To achieve this end, descriptive phenomenologists have suggested specific

techniques such as bracketing. Bracketing involves the researcher holding in abeyance

ideas, presumptions, and personal knowledge when listening to and reflecting on the

lived experiences of participants (Drew, 1999). As such, bracketing comprises the

researcher’s setting aside biases and personal knowledge when listening to and reflecting

on the lived experiences of those being studied.

On the other hand, descriptive phenomenology calls on the fundamental strategy

of phenomenological reduction to “reduce” the world from how it is perceived naturally,

that is where knowledge is held with judgment, to a world of pure phenomena (Dowling,

2007). Through this, the inherent biases and presumptions of the researcher are held in

abeyance so that they do not interfere with the object of the study (Lopez & Willis,

2004). Doing so will allow the researcher to reduce the world to that of a purely

phenomenal realm and thus the essence of phenomena is allowed to emerge.

 7

In a broader sense, the purpose of phenomenology is to describe particular

phenomena, or the appearance of things, as lived experience (Speziale & Carpenter,

2007). Husserl alleged that phenomenology suspends all suppositions that was related to

consciousness, and those based on the meaning of the individual’s experience. The

experiences ranges from perception, thought, memory, imagination, emotion and desire

involve what Husserl called “intentionality”, which is directed to one’s experience or

consciousness towards an object or event. Consequently, Husserl developed descriptive

phenomenology, where every day conscious experiences were described that it is a

consciousness of or about something.

The study of descriptive phenomenology is a multifaceted philosophical practice

and a method of inquiry which calls for exploration of phenomena through direct

collaboration between the researcher and the objects of study. It appeals on investigators

to set aside biases through the procedures being laid down and uses several frames of

reference including: the transcendental subjectivity (neutrality and openness to the reality

of others), eidetic essences (universal truths), and the live-world plane of interaction

(researcher and participants must interact). The lived experience itself, as described by

participants, is used to offer universal description of the phenomenon (Tymieniecka,

2003).

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of applicants in securing the

permit to carry firearms outside the residence in the fiscal year 2018 in the light of

proposing a framework for process change.

 8

Specifically, the study attempts to answer the following specific questions:

1. What are the lived experiences of the participants regarding the processing

of PTCFOR?

2. What themes emerged from the lived experiences of the participants

relevant in the processing of PTCFOR?

3. Based on the emerging themes, what framework can be designed to

support the process change?

Significance of the Study

The study would be most beneficial to the applicants of Permit to carry firearms

outside the residence to receive a better service, to have an upgraded process system that

will save time, effort and money of both the applicants and the government as service

provider. The employees of the Office where the permit is processed, for they would

have more time spent on other productive tasks, so efficiency and effectiveness will

increase. A change in the process will promised an increase in the collection, because of

the simplification of the processes in the collection of tax and permits. Finally, the

findings of this study will encourage knowledge generation for the academe, researchers

and future researchers.

 9

Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The study is the first of its kind in the Philippines as the researcher was the former

head of the PTCFOR Secretariat. PTCFOR or Permit to carry firearms outside residence

is discussed in the Republic Act 10591 otherwise known as the Comprehensive and

“Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act”.

Section 3.54 of RA 10591 defines Permit to Carry Firearm Outside of Residence

(PTCFOR) as it refers to a written authority issued to a licensed 5/39 citizen by the Chief,

PNP which entitles such person to carry his/her registered or lawfully issued firearm

outside of the residence for the duration and purpose specified in the authority.

It requires one to be a holder of the License to Own and Possessed Firearms

which was discussed in details as provided for by Rule II, Section 4 of RA 10591.

Section 4 of RA 10591 is about the Standards and Requisites for Issuance of and

Obtaining a License to Own and Possess Firearms. It provides that in order to qualify

and acquire a license to own and possess a firearm or firearms and ammunition, the

applicant must be: a) a Filipino citizen; b) at least twenty-one (21) years old at the time of

the filing of his/her written application to own and possess a firearm or firearms; (c) has

gainful work, occupation, or business or has filed an Income Tax Return (ITR) for the

preceding year as proof of income, profession, business or occupation. A Filipino citizen

shall refer to those who are mentioned in Section 1, Article IV of the 1987 Constitution.

Those who are considered with “dual citizenship” pursuant to RA No. 9225, otherwise
 10

known as “Citizenship Retention and Reacquisition Act of 2003”, may also enjoy the

privilege granted herein provided that they comply with all the standards and requisites

set forth therein. An individual who is physically challenged may be allowed to own and

possess firearm/s provided that he/she can safely, efficiently and effectively operate and

use said firearm. The written application to own and possess firearm/s shall be filed at

the FEO, in three (3) legible copies duly notarized, and must be accompanied by the

original copy of the following requirements: a) Clearances issued by the Regional Trial

Court (RTC) and Municipal/Metropolitan Trial Court (MTC) that has jurisdiction over

the place where the applicant resides and/or the Sandiganbayan as the case may be,

showing that he/she has not been convicted by final judgment of a crime involving moral

turpitude or that he/she has not been convicted or is currently an accused in any pending

criminal case before any court of law for a crime that is punishable with a penalty of

more than two (2) years; b) Neuro-psychiatric clearance issued by the PNP Health

Service and its accredited psychologist or psychiatrist; c) A certification that the applicant

has passed the drug test conducted by PNP Crime Laboratory or any accredited and

authorized drug testing laboratory or clinic. d) A certification that the applicant has

passed a gun safety and responsible gun ownership seminar which is administered by the

PNP or a registered and authorized gun club; e) National Police Clearance; f) NSO Birth

Certificate; g) Proof of Latest Billing; h) At least two valid IDs (one Government issued

ID); i) Income Tax Return (ITR), Certificate of Employment, Business permit or any

appropriate document as proof of income; j) For Government Employee (Copy of

Appointment Order, Oath of Office); k) For Military Reservists (J9 Clearance); 7/39 l)

For Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) (Certificate of Employment); and m) Retired

 11

Government Employee (Retirement Order or appropriate document). 4.5 The payment for

the License to Own and Possess Firearm shall be done after the approval of the

application. The Order of Payment (OP) shall be issued by the FEO and the actual

payment shall be made by the applicant to Land Bank of the Philippines or any

government bank. The subsequent acquittal of the applicant whose application was

previously denied or was not given due course by reason of the pending criminal case or

the permanent dismissal thereof is a ground for the re-filing of the application. A

licensed citizen who has at least sixteen (16) firearms upon the effectivity of this IRR

shall be automatically certified as a gun collector and shall secure a Type 5 License to

Own and Possess Firearms. A qualified applicant shall submit the following

requirements to be a certified gun collector to the FEO: a) A copy of the License to Own

and Possess Firearms (Type 3 and Type 4); and b) Certification of updated Firearm

Registration. A qualified applicant citizen shall submit the following requirements to

apply as antique firearm collector: a) A copy of the License to Own and Possess

Firearms; and b) Certification from the National Museum that the firearm is antique (as

the case may be). A qualified applicant shall submit the following requirements to apply

as a sports shooter: a) A copy of the License to Own and Possess Firearms; b)

Certification from the President of a recognized Gun Club or Sports Shooting

Association; and c) Written Authority or Consent from Parents/Guardian (for minors).

The Duty Detail Order (DDO) shall be signed by the authorized firearm bonded

custodian and the operations officer that authorizes the company guard force and/or

security guard/s with License to Exercise Security Profession (LESP) issued by SOSIA to

possess and use a firearm registered to and owned by his/her employer in line with or in
 12

the performance of his/her assigned task/duty. The Duty Detail Order (DDO) of LGU

shall be signed by the Local Chief Executive, Chief of Police/Provincial Director and

authorized bonded firearm custodians, that authorizes the following to possess and use

firearm/s registered to and owned by LGU in line with or in the performance of his/her

assigned task/duty: a) Security officer with Civil Service Commission (CSC)-approved

plantilla position assigned in the supervision of the security personnel of the LGU; b)

Security officer with CSC-approved plantilla position assigned in the supervision and

security of facilities owned by LGU; c) Security officer with CSC-approved plantilla

position in charge with the security of the Local Chief Executive; and d) Security officer

with CSC-approved plantilla position assigned to secure the financial resources of the

LGU.

Section 7 of the RA 10591 provides for Carrying of Firearms Outside of

Residence or Place of Business. A permit to carry firearms outside of residence or place

of business shall be issued by the Chief, PNP or his/her duly authorized representative to

the licensed citizen allowing him/her to carry the firearm outside the residence or place of

business. A licensed citizen whose life is under actual threat or imminent danger may

apply for the issuance of a PTCFOR. The written application made under oath and duly

notarized shall be filed together with the threat assessment certificate issued by the PNP.

For purposes of this Act, the following professionals are considered to be in imminent

danger due to the nature of their profession, occupation or business and hence are not

required to submit threat assessment certificates: a) Members of the Philippine Bar; b)

Certified Public Accountants; c) Accredited media practitioners from recognized media

 13

institutions; Cashiers and bank tellers; d) Priests, Ministers, Rabbi, Imams; e) Physicians

and nurses; and f) Businessmen, who by the nature of their business or undertaking duly

recognized or regulated by law, are exposed to high risk of being targets of criminal

elements. Licensed sports shooter may apply for PTCFOR that will cover three (3)

firearms at one time inclusive of the allowed quantity of ammunition mentioned in

Section 12. The PTCFOR shall serve as a waiver on the part of the licensed citizen for

concerned law enforcement agents to inspect and verify the firearm/s covered by the said

PTCFOR when carried outside of residence. Special Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of

Residence shall be granted by the Chief, PNP through PTCFORSecretariat to government

employees who will use their privately owned and registered small arms for a specific

law enforcement purpose. Special Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence shall

be granted by the Chief, PNP through the Chief, FEO to individuals who are part of peace

process negotiation other than members of the government peace negotiating panel.

Members of the PNP, AFP and other Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) may carry their

licensed privately-owned firearms, in furtherance of their official duties and functions,

subject to the following conditions: a) With License to Own and Possess Firearms

(LTOPF) and Firearm Registration Card; b) With valid PTCFOR; and c) With valid

LO/MO. Members of the PNP, AFP and other Law Enforcement Agencies must apply

for a PTCFOR-LEA, in order to be 11/39 authorized to carry the corresponding

government-issued firearm outside of residence: a) The Police Regional Director or his

equivalent in the AFP and other law enforcement agencies, shall endorse to the Chief,

PNP all application for PTCFOR-LEA; b) The application must be accompanied by the

latest appointment order of the personnel applying for PTCFOR-LEA and a certificate of
 14

non-pending case duly issued for the purpose; c) The PTCFOR-LEA shall be issued only

by the Chief, PNP through PTCFOR-Secretariat and shall be valid only for one (1) year;

d) The fees to be charged in the filling of application for PTCFOR-LEA shall only be in

such minimal amount corresponding to the actual administrative cost necessary for the

issuance of the permit, as may be determined by the PNP; and e) The PTCFOR-LEA

should always be accompanied by the corresponding Memorandum

Receipt/Acknowledgment Receipt of Equipment (MR/ARE); Letter Order/Mission

Order (LO/MO) shall be issued by the authorized Head of Office. The scope of the

LO/MO shall only be within the jurisdiction of the issuing Authority. The following

guidelines regarding the manner of carrying firearms shall be observed: For Members of

the PNP, AFP and other LEAs ; a) When carried while in agency-prescribed uniform,

firearms shall be placed in a holster securely attached to the belt, except for military

pilots in flying uniforms and crew of armored vehicles who may carry their firearms in

shoulder holster; b) When the agency-prescribed uniform does not include holster, or for

those authorized to carry firearms outside of residence or of official station while in

civilian attire, the firearms shall be concealed unless actually used for legitimate purpose.

Displaying a firearm, when not used for a legitimate purpose, is prohibited; Violation of

this provision shall be subject for immediate revocation of the License to Own and

Possess Firearms and Firearm Registration. c) The practice of flagrantly displaying a

firearm while in uniform or in civilian attire is prohibited; and d) Only such firearms

specially described in corresponding MR/ARE or LO/MO or PTCFOR LEA shall be

carried. For All Other Persons: (including members of the PNP, AFP and other LEAs in

civilian attire) a) Display of firearms is prohibited. The firearms must always be

 15

concealed; Violation of this provision shall be subject for immediate revocation of the

License to Own and Possess Firearms and Firearm Registration. b) The firearm must be

secured inside a vehicle or a motor cycle compartment. The following other restriction

shall likewise be observed: a) PTCFOR-LEA is non-transferable; b) The firearm shall not

be brought inside places of worship, public drinking and amusement places and all other

commercial or public establishment. c) The PTCFOR-LEA must be carried together with

the valid MR/ARE, or MO/LO as the case may be. 12/39 d) Expired, revoked, cancelled,

or nullified License to Own and Possess Firearm and firearm registration will

automatically invalidate the corresponding PTCFOR-LEA. Authority to Issue Mission

Order Involving the Carrying of Firearm The following are authorized to issue mission

orders with provisions which may entitle the bearer thereof to carry his issued/licensed

firearm and ammunition for the duration of such mission. For officers, men and regular

civilian agents of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) a) The Chief of Staff, AFP;

b) Chiefs of the General/Special/technical and Personal Staffs; c) Commanders of the

AFP Major Services including the Chiefs of their respective General/special/Technical

and Personal Staffs; d) Commanders and Chiefs of Staffs of AFPWSSUs and major

commands/units of the AFP and the Major Services; e) Commanders of the battalions and

higher units and their equivalent in the Philippine Air Force and Philippine Navy f)

Commanders of AFP intelligence units from GHQ AFP down to regional command

levels g) Detachment commanders in remote areas whose higher commanders are not

easily available to issue such orders. For members of the Philippine National Police

(PNP): a) Police Director General b) Deputy Director General for Admin and Operation ;

c) The Chief Directorial Staff; d) Directors, The Directorate Office; e) Directors NSUs
 16

(NASU/NOSU); f) Regional Directors; g) District Directors of NCRPO; h) Inspector

General of IAS; and i) Provincial Director/City Director. For members of the National

Bureau of Investigation: a) The Director; b) The Deputy Director; and c) Regional

Directors. For agents of the National Intelligence and Coordinating Authority (NICA): a)

The Director-General, NICA; and b) The General Manager. 13/39 7.13.5 For members of

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology: a) The Director-General, BJMP; and b) The

Deputy Director; and c) Regional Directors. For Other Law Enforcement Agencies: a)

Department Head/Bureau Head; and b) Head of Regional Offices. In case of Permit to

Transport (PTT), the magazine (loaded/unloaded) shall be carried separately from the

firearm except for law enforcement personnel with Letter Order/Mission Order (LO/MO)

or security personnel with Duty Detail Order (DDO).

Under Rule III, Registration and Licensing, Section 8.4 – Authority to issue

License provides that all government employees, retirees from the government service,

military reservists or senior citizens shall only pay the card fee for PTCFOR. Section 19

is about Renewal of Licenses and Registration. All types of licenses to own and possess

a firearm shall be renewed every two (2) years within six (6) months before the birthdate

of the licensee. Failure to renew the license on or before the birthdate shall cause the

revocation of the license and of the registration of the firearm/s under said license. 28/39.

The registration of the firearm shall be renewed every four (4) years within six (6)

months before its expiration. Failure to renew the registration of the firearm on or before

the expiration of its registration shall cause the revocation of the registration of the

firearm and the same shall be subject to revocation proceedings. Failure to renew a
 17

license or registration within the period stated above on two (2) occasions shall cause the

holder of the firearm to be perpetually disqualified from applying for firearm license. In

meritorious cases, however, the Chief PNP, as recommended by the Chief, FEO, may

allow the further enjoyment of the privilege under these rules subject to certain

conditions which may be deemed appropriate to impose. It shall be the obligation of the

licensee thereof to surrender the said firearm to the police office or station with

jurisdiction over the place where he/she resides within fifteen (15) days. Failure to

surrender within such period shall cause the filing of appropriate charges for violation of

the law. For purposes of renewal of the License to Own and Possess Firearms, the

following requirements shall be submitted: a) Written application duly accomplished (3

legible copies); b) Copy of the Original License to Own and Possess Firearms; c) Proof

of latest Billing; d) National Police Clearance; e) Neuro-Psychiatric Clearance; f) Drug

Test Clearance; and g) Two valid IDs (one government issued ID). For purposes of

renewal of the Long Regular Registration for juridical entity, the following requirements

shall be submitted: a) Written application duly accomplished (3 legible copies) ; b) Copy

of the LRR; c) Proof of latest Billing; d) Two valid IDs (one government issued ID) ; e)

Firearm Records Verification; f) Clearances of Company Representative; and g) License

to Operate issued by SOSIA. For purposes of renewal of the Long Certificate of

Registration of LGU, the following requirements shall be submitted: a) Written

application duly accomplished (3 legible copies) ; b) Copy of the LCR; c) Firearm

Records Verification; and 29/39 d) Clearances of Government Representative. For

purposes of renewal of the Long Regular Registration of PSAs, the following

requirements shall be submitted: a) Written application duly accomplished (3 legible

 18

copies); b) Copy of the LRR; c) Proof of Latest Billing; d) Firearm Records Verification;

e) Clearances of Company Representative; and f) License to Operate (SOSIA). For

purposes of renewal of the Registration of Firearm/s, the licensed citizen shall submit the

following requirements: a) Copy of the License to Own and Possess Firearms; b) Firearm

Registration Card; c) Firearms Bond; d) Proof of latest billing; and e) Certificate of

Records of Ballistics Testing and Stencil for firearms purchased prior to year 2010. For

purposes of renewal of the firearm registration under Juridical entity, the licensed

juridical entity shall submit the following requirements: a) Copy of the License to Own

and Possess Firearms; b) Copy of the License to Operate issued by SOSIA; c) Lists of

Firearms with Recapitulation; d) Latest Monthly Disposition Report (MDR) ; e) Copy of

the Firearm Registration; f) Firearm Bond; g) Certificate of Records of Ballistics Testing

and Stencil for firearms purchased prior to year 2010; h) Certificate of Verification of

Firearms; and i) Firearm Records Verification. The application for the renewal of the

license or firearm registration shall be submitted to the FEO within six (6) months before

the expiration of such license or registration. The applicants shall submit all the

requirements mentioned in Section 4 of this IRR.

 19

DEFINITION OF TERMS

This section provides the terms used in the study with their corresponding meanings.

Decentralization refers to the transfer of decision making power, authority and

assignment of accountability and responsibility commensurate to the authority given to

accomplish the expected results.

Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence Secretariat refers to the office

that process the Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence.

Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence refers to the written authority

issued to any person by the Chief PNP (Philippines National Police) which entitles such

person to carry his licensed or lawfully issued firearms outside of residence for the

duration and purpose specified therein. It is a special gun permit issued by Chief PNP to

qualified gun-holders subject to the following conditions: a) it is granted as a mere

privilege and maybe revoked by the Chief PNP at any time; b) it is non-transferable; c) it

shall not be displayed or exposed to public view and cased; d) it shall not be brought

inside places of worship, public drinking and amusement places and all other commercial

or public establishments; e) The valid firearm license for private gun holders and

Memorandum Receipt, Mission Order and Letter Order for law enforcement officers and

government employees must always be carried with the PTCFOR; and f) Expired,

revoked, cancelled or nullified firearms’ licenses will automatically invalidate the

PTCFOR.
 20

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES

This chapter discusses in detail the design used in this study, who the participants

are, the environment of the study, the data collection procedure, the data analysis

procedure, reflexivity, rigors of qualitative research and ethical consideration.

Design

This study utilized the descriptive qualitative research design using husserlian

Phenomenology and Colaizzi’s data collection process. Husserl conceived

phenomenology in three important ways. Firstly, it was conceived as the science of

sciences, which endeavors to discover the basis of consciousness. In the second view,

phenomenology was conceived as a first philosophy and therefore, it is coextensive with

philosophy, as traditionally it was the latter which had been enjoying the status of first

philosophy. The third conception of phenomenology is the most important one, where it

is conceived as a transcendental idealism. This view conceives the transcendental ego as

the source of all meaning. As a philosophy, phenomenology initiates a break from many

traditional concerns and inaugurates a new way of thinking. It was one of the most

influential philosophical movements of 20th century western philosophy, as it inspired

the emergence of many other movements in philosophy like Existentialism and

Hermeneutics.

This study utilizes the Phenomenological Qualitative Research design of Husserl.

In leading a qualitative study, there will be a temporary suspension of a-priori

assumptions. Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre and Maurice

 21

Merleau-Ponty are the four great phenomenological philosophers. Husserl conceived

phenomenology in three important ways. Firstly, it was conceived as the science of

sciences, which endeavoured to discover the basis of consciousness. In the second view,

phenomenology was conceived as a first philosophy and therefore, it is coextensive with

philosophy, as traditionally it was the latter which had been enjoying the status of first

philosophy. The third conception of phenomenology is the most important one, where it

is conceived as a transcendental idealism. This view conceives the transcendental ego as

the source of all meaning.( Cerbone, 2006).

The roots of phenomenology are related to early history, to Plato, Socrates, and

Aristotle, as philosophers struggled to understand phenomena (Fochtman, 2008).

Phenomenology flourished in the first decade of the twentieth century under the influence

of the German philosopher Edmund Husserl. Husserl aimed to establish a rigorous and

unbiased approach that appears to arrive at an essential understanding of human

consciousness and experience (Fochtman, 2008; Lopez & Willis, 2004; Wojnar &

Swanson, 2007). Therefore, phenomenology aims to: (1) gaining a deeper understanding

of the meaning of people's everyday experiences (Polit & Beck, 2008; Van Manen,

1990), and (2) directing the understanding of phenomenon which is consciously

experienced by people themselves (Polifroni & Welch, 1999). According to Van Manen

(1990), phenomenological research does not develop theory; it provides insight into

reality and makes us closer to the living world. The phenomenological researcher may

ask the following questions: What is this experience like? (Laverty, 2003); what is this or

that kind of experience like? (Van Manen, 1990); what is the essence of this phenomenon
 22

as experienced by these people? (Polit & Beck, 2008); or, what is the meaning of the

phenomenon to those who experience it? (Polit & Beck, 2008).

Phenomenology can be divided into descriptive phenomenology created by

Husserl and interpretive- hermeneutic phenomenology created by Heidegger. However,

overlapping between both approaches is expected (Fochtman, 2008). The descriptive

phenomenology used to reach true meanings through engaging in-depth into reality

(Laverty, 2003; Lopez & Willis, 2004). Husserl valued the experience of phenomenon as

perceived by human consciousness which should be an object of scientific study (Lopez

& Willis, 2004). One of the important assumptions of Husserlian phenomenology is

bracketing in which the researcher should declare personal biases, assumptions, and

presuppositions and put them aside (Gearing, 2004). The aim of this is to keep what is

already known about the description of the phenomenon separately from participants'

description. The researchers should avoid any imposing of their assumptions on the data

collection process or the structure of the data (Ahern, 1999; Gearing, 2004; Speziale &

Carpenter, 2007). Therefore, bracketing is a way to ensure validity of data collection and

analysis and to maintain the objectivity of the phenomenon (Ahern, 1999; Speziale &

Carpenter, 2007). Husserl believed that bracketing helps to gain insight into the common

features of any lived experience. He referred to these features as universal essences and

considered them to represent the true nature of the phenomenon under investigation

(Lopez & Willis, 2004; Wojnar & Swanson, 2007). Later, Heidegger (a student of

Husserl) modified the work of Husserl and introduced some assumptions that may yield

meaningful inquiry. Heidegger’s ideas include the interpretive or hermeneutic research

tradition. To study human experience, hermeneutics comprises not only description of the
 23

major concepts and essences, but also looking for meanings embedded in common life

practices. These meanings are not obscure, so it can be extracted from the narratives

generated by people (Lopez & Willis, 2004; Wojnar & Swanson, 2007). Heidegger

believed that the relationship between an individual and his or her world should be the

focus of phenomenological inquiry.

Jean Paul Sartre focuses, in its first phase, upon the construction of a philosophy

of existence known as existentialism. Sartre's early works are characterized by a

development of classic phenomenology, but his reflection diverges from Husserl’s on

methodology, the conception of the self, and an interest in ethics. These points of

divergence are the cornerstones of Sartre’s existential phenomenology, whose purpose is

to understand human existence rather than the world as such. Adopting and adapting the

methods of phenomenology, Sartre sets out to develop an ontological account of what it

is to be human. The main features of this ontology are the groundlessness and radical

freedom which characterize the human condition. These are contrasted with the

unproblematic being of the world of things. Sartre’s substantial literary output adds

dramatic expression to the always unstable co-existence of facts and freedom in an

indifferent world.

Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s article will seek to explain his understanding of

perception, bodily movement, habit, ambiguity, and relations with others, as they were

expressed in his key early work, Phenomenology of Perception, before exploring the

enigmatic ontology of the chiasm and the flesh that is so evocatively described in his

unfinished book, The Visible and the Invisible. The researcher employed the

phenomenological approach with a one-on-one interview with the

 24

informants. Interviewing is probably the most common form of data collection in

qualitative studies. The most common was the person-to-person encounter in which one

person elicited a special kind of information from another. After the presentation of their

experiences and practices, the research shifted to grounded theory as the main method for

this paper. In this design, social processes and social structures were the foci of the

study. This will describe the ways certain group of people employs to address certain

issue or phenomenon. The researcher will use the grounded theory to discover different

practices in their daily transactions.

The qualitative analysis approach generated sufficient information which provided a

very comfortable and conductive free-flowing interaction between the participants and

the researcher ensuring the reliability of the results.

Environment / Locale

The study was done in Cebu City where a Caravan for Shooting Enthusiasts

tagged as “Defense & Sporting Arms Show” was held in SM on April 5-8, 2018.

The PTCFOR staff help in accepting PTCFOR application forms. It required that

the application must be in a white folder with proper tabbing, a recent 2x2 photo and

another passport size photo plus the mandatory fingerprinting. Photographing will be

done at PTCFOR secretariat office. (July 15, 2013. The Philippine Star Online). Senior Supt.

Reuben Theodore Sindac, Chief Police Information Officer, said the main feature of the

new process was that all the applicants will have to personally submit their biometric

fingerprint specimen and photograph as mandatory requirements. Photocopied

 25

application forms will no longer be honored, which is part of the stricter measures.

Applicants should secure a copy of the application form only after all the requirements

are complied with. After the evaluation of the requirements and the application form,

Senior Supt. Sindac said the applicants will be subjected to fingerprinting process at the

PNP Crime Laboratory at Camp Crame and in some regional police camps in the

provinces, as well as the taking of photos. Certain amount will be paid by the applicants

as payment for the fingerprinting and taking of the photos, but the PNP would not

disclose by them yet.

Participants

The participants were composed of the first time applicants and renewal

applicants of the PTCFOR which were interviewed. The applicants were forming a long

queue after they have secured all the requirements from the previous window in the

caraven. There were around hundreds of applicants lining at that time.

Sampling Technique

Since the study is phenomenological research, according to Dr. Safary Wa-

Mbaleka, the number of participants in a phenomenological research is 8-10 participants.

Sampling Design

The study followed the purposive, snowball sampling technique. There were 10

participants coming from the applicants that lined up during the caravan. The first

participant recruits the second participants from the people who applied in the caravan

and so on.
 26

Instruments

The interview guide was prepared to ask the participants about their lived

experiences in the application of their PTCFOR. The study observed the triangulation of

data sources in as much as there were 3 different sources of data: participant’s interview,

data mining-RA 10591 and Newsclips.

Data Gathering Procedures

To gather the data, the researcher secured permission from the Dean of the

Graduate School of Business- University of the Visayas (Appendix A), which allowed

the researcher to conduct the study outside of the university campus. A letter of request

addressed to the applicants of the PTCFOR to allow the researcher to interview them at

their convenient time.

The researcher sent formal communications allowing her to conduct the

interview. As soon as approved, the interview was conducted by a third party because

the research is a member of the PNP and is done to avoid bias. The third party was hired

with the approval of the adviser of the researcher.

The main sources of raw paths are the audio-taped narratives (voice text) and the

respective typed transcriptions (written text). The descriptive accounts contained

evidences of actual ontological reflection-in-action within the flow of the session in

keeping with Being in the world.

 27

Descriptive sessions demand active-engaged-listening and shall be keeping with

the rhythm of the description and engagement to the topic and background understanding.

Interviewers’ contributions to the interactions are often in the form of confirmation,

reflective observation and/or requests for clarification to what was said in order to draw

out what is concealed.

It is appropriate for interviewer to collect data in the field at the site where

participants’ experience the issue or problem under study. The data is gathered by

actually talking directly to people and seeing them behaved and acted within their context

is a major characteristic of qualitative descriptive design (Creswell, 2007). Hence,

descriptive qualitative research design will be utilized in this study to explore the lived

experiences of the applicants for PTCFOR in the venue where the applications are

submitted for verification and where they experienced what were narrative in the

transcript.

Internal requirements from the University of the Visayas – Institutional Review

Board was complied. However, a Notice to Proceed (NTP) from the Institutional Review

Board have been secured prior to data gathering. Once Notice to Proceed was given the

researcher started with the interview. A hypothetical number of 10 informants were the

participants until such time when the saturation point was reached that there was no need

to interview more informants. The approximate duration of the interview was 30-45

minutes to 1 hour depending on how quick the key informant/participant replied to a

particular question. The said in-depth interview was conducted at the most convenient

time and place of the participants. The open-ended questions used were from a self-
 28

made/constructed interview guide that led the participants to give their detailed

information and experiences as they desire, and from their answers, the researcher dug

deeper by asking probing questions as means of follow-up. The interviewer essentially

used his simple skills in assessment specifically in observing and asking questions. At

the end of each interview, the interviewer reminded the participants about his need for a

second contact with them to discuss the study findings and to make sure that these

findings reflect their own experiences. All interviews will be carefully recorded. Only

the researcher will have access to the recordings. Recordings were destroyed since the

information needed for the researcher had been obtained already.

There are four persuasive reasons for using interviewing as the primary data

source for this study. First, qualitative interviewing was appropriately used when

“studying people’s understanding of the meaning in their lived world” (Kvale, 1996, p.

105). Second, the purpose of interviewing was to find out what was in and on someone

else’s mind. “We interview people, to find out from them, those things we can’t observe”

(Patton, 1987, p. 196). Third, qualitative interviews resulted in thick descriptions of the

subject being studied that enabled readers to make decisions about transferability of study

results (Merriam, 2002). Finally, interviews allowed for triangulation of information

obtained from other sources and, thus, increased the credibility of study findings

(Emerson, Fretz, & Shaw, 1995; Merriam, 2002; Stake, 1995), from interviewing to data

mining. The type of interview that will be used in this study is individual interview using

audio recording, utilizing field notes in conceptualizing the plan in the data collection and

memoing when appropriate with the researcher, keen on his observations.

 29

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Qualitative research studies involved a continuous interplay between data

collection and data analysis (Strauss & Corbin, 1994). For this reason, the data analysis

followed the first interview to begin identifying patterns, and to facilitate subsequent data

collection (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Qualitative analysis is a form of intellectual

craftsmanship. There was no single way to accomplish qualitative research, since data

analysis is a process of making meaning. It is a creative process, not a mechanical one

(Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). Similarly, a qualitative study capitalized on ordinary ways of

making sense (Stake, 1995). Stake reminded qualitative researchers that, “there is no

particular moment when data analysis begins.” he explained, “Analysis essentially means

taking something apart” (p. 71), which in this case, not only meant understanding the

ways credit and collection personnel used and made sense of data, but also identifying

and defining the patterns that emerged from that meaning making process. Qualitative

data analysis, then, gave meaning to first impressions and final compilations. It was an

analysis that tells the story of their intentions to make (and their results from making)

informed decisions that defined and guided them in approving credit accommodation.

Methodologically, Esterberg (2002) suggested, “getting intimate with data”, and

described the main objective of immersing oneself in interview transcripts to “load up

your memory” with the collected data.

This study utilized Colaizzi’s data collection and transcripts formation. The

following steps represent Colaizzi process for phenomenological data analysis (cited in

Sanders, 2003; Speziale & Carpenter, 2007). 1. Each transcript should be read and re-
 30

read in order to obtain a general sense about the whole content. 2. For each transcript,

significant statements that pertain to the phenomenon under study should be extracted.

These statements must be recorded on a separate sheet noting their pages and lines

numbers. 3. Meanings should be formulated from these significant statements. 4. The

formulated meanings should be sorted into categories, clusters of themes, and themes. 5.

The findings of the study should be integrated into an exhaustive description of the

phenomenon under study. 6. The fundamental structure of the phenomenon should be

described. 7. Finally, validation of the findings should be sought from the research

participants to compare the researcher's descriptive results with their experiences.

Research Steps

The research conducted for this study followed a uniform protocol to ensure that

the interviews yielded data consistent with the study’s goals:

1. Participants were individually invited for the interview as they lined up waiting for

their number to be attended to by the PTCFOR staff in the caravan held inn SM and were

informed of the risks involved.

2. In-depth (semi-structured) interviews were conducted within the area inside SM where

the noise is less.

3. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed within a day of the interviews.

4. Follow up informal contact was initiated by asking the cellphone numbers of the

participants, and later each participant were given his or her respective transcript for

member-checking, and to verify transcript content.

5. The researcher coded the data for emergent themes.

 31

The audit trail was documented to ensure verifiable research steps throughout the

process.

Ethical Consideration

The following points were considered in this study that ensured that the human

rights were protected, that the benefits out-weighted the risk if there are any, that content,

comprehension and documentation of informed consent were observed, authorization to

access private information were prepared prior to the research data gathering,

confidentiality procedures, debriefing, communications and referrals, and conflict of

interest were taken into consideration too.

Protection of human rights. The researcher always at any given time used the

ethical principles in pursuing this work of research. Three basic principles, which served

as the guiding light were observed in the conduct of this research: the principles of

respect for persons, which were beneficence and justice. In showing respect, the

researcher treated the individuals as autonomous and have given them utmost protection.

In showing beneficence, ethics were always shown to the participants by securing their

general well-being. Lastly, the principle of justice were applied. In the treatment of

respondents, the principle of “fairness in distribution” or “what is deserved” was

observed. To further promote justice, the following things were observed: (a) to each

person an equal share, (b) to each person according to individual need, (c) to each person

according to individual effort, (d) to each person according to societal contribution, and

(e) to each person according to merit.

 32

Risk-benefit assessment. There were risks as well as benefits that accrued to the

participants in the study. Foremost, the participants were expected to experience loss of

time, the feeling of apprehension as well as discomfort when they participated in the

proposed research process and they were expected to become hesitant to decide whether

or not to participate. They thought that it was a disturbance to their purpose of coming to

the caravan. They had the feeling of fatigue in waiting in the line and here comes

someone they did not know who wanted to take some of their time that was supposedly

for the purpose of submitting their application.

Recalling will be actually part of the data gathering. This process was expected to

make them feel the boredom, mental discomfort, anxiety. Even then, they were able to

voice out their concerns, gripes and among others through their comments and

suggestions. They were expected to be excited to be part of the study. This made them

comfortable and satisfied since they were able to help the researcher by giving various

information as bases for the researcher’s recommendation in this piece of academic work.

Content, comprehension and documentation of informed consent. In

gathering the pertinent data relevant to this research, an interview guide was prepared.

This became the basis or guide in conducting interviews to the key

informants/participants. It helped the researcher/interviewer focused on the how to

extract sufficiently detailed information about the study so that they could make an

informed, voluntary and rational decision to participate. The researcher were able to

communicate to them as to what time and what type of data needed in the study as it will

be an essential area of a responsible research.

The participants were informed on the importance of the data produced and
 33

preserved in a clear, useable format. These will also include the study goals for it was the

basic reason that participants can clearly understand the research studies as well as the

procedures in gathering data, that must be provided to the participant. A well-described

data collection process was emphasized in an innovative treatment to let them understand

that data collection procedure is one of the most important stages in conducting a

research to have the best research design. In addition, the key informants/participants

were made aware of the nature of commitment or the timeframe to monitor the expected

time commitment at each point of contact and the number of contacts within the given

period to avoid difficulty in the study. The researcher allocated the committed schedules

and the participants were informed on how they were selected during the selection and

the number of people to participate. They were told that there is no person sponsoring this

study as it was a voluntary research of the proponent. As to the risk and benefits that will

accrue to them, the participants were advised to clearly understand what the risks are -

that will have an effect on achievement of one or more objective and the specific benefits

that can be attained. Furthermore, they will be provided with information advantageous

to them and an appropriate alternative procedure of treatment that might be helpful to the

study. As to compensation of the study, the participants were informed that the study did

not involve any monetary transaction and no payment were given to the individuals who

participated in the research. They were told and were assured to protect confidentiality or

privacy of the management study and to preserve secrecy.

In addition, the participants of the study were informed that a voluntary informed

consent form has to be signed as the prerequisite for a subject's participation. In this

research, the participation was strictly voluntary and failure to volunteer will not result in
 34

any penalty or loss of benefits. In this research, the prospective participants were told

that after consenting they have the right to withdraw from the study or to withhold any

specific piece of information .

Furthermore, the researcher will inform the participants that if they have questions

or concerns about their role and rights, they should obtain information or offer input, or

would like to register a complaint about this study. The researcher also provides proper

information to the participants as to whom they could contact in the event of further

questions, comments or complaints.

Authorization to access private information. The researcher took time to ask

authorization from the HR Department of the research locale to access private

information from the participants. HR eventually approved the authorization and before

interviewing the participants, the authorization were carefully discussed to the

participants. Authorization to Access Private Information was obtained separately and

were not be part of the consent form.

Confidentiality procedures. Privacy and confidentiality will be strictly observed.

Measures or guarantees to protect privacy and confidentiality of the participant

information as indicated by data collection methods including data protection plans were

implemented. It is very important to follow the confidential nature of all information to

protect the management in all levels and the participants of the study. Codes and

anonymity will be assigned to the area of the study for the secrecy of the concerned

participants. Also they were informed that no names will be stated in any instrument.

Upholding confidentiality were clear and visible at all times.

Debriefing, communications and referrals. In the study of debriefing,

 35

communication and referrals were not needed since there was no participant who

experienced stressed in recalling traumatic or distressing events causing them to become

weak due to flashback and the recall of the embarrassing moments. Aside from being

gracious and polite, the researcher asked the questions in a very tactful manner. A

debriefing was conducted after data collection is completed to permit participants to float

their questions, complaints or even gripes.

Conflict of interest. The researcher is a member of the PNP, formerly the head of the

PTCFOR Secretariat. The researcher declared no conflict of interest despite being a

member of the PNP. The participants were told that their involvement is voluntary and

that there is no sanction nor fine for those who did not answer, thus there was no coercion

in the process.

Incentive or compensation. No incentives or compensation were given to the

respondents of the study, considering that the study entails only answering the interview

questions based on their lived experiences.

Chapter IV

RESULTS
 36

This chapter presents the findings of the study. The profiles of the participant are

presented first, followed by the themes that were identified based on the lived

experiences of the participants.

The profile of the respondent was discussed with intention of protecting the

personalities involved in the interview. Based on the transcript, the researcher analyzed

the documentary requirements and was able to present the Table of Documents Required

in the application of PTCFOR.

The themes that surfaced were gathered from the significant statements of the

participants, segregated based on the researcher’s knowledge.

There were 5 themes that emerged from the study.

1. Holders of Permit to Carry firearms Outside of Residence ( PTCFOR)

2. Documents required in the application of PTCFOR.

3. Process Flow in the procedure of application of PTCFOR

4. Inconvenience of the venue in the application of PTCFOR

5. Cost of Applying PTCFOR

Profile of the Participants:

 37

Participant 1 is a 40+year old male guy, married who is fond of joining a

shooting club and later became a shooting instructor and a member of the PNP. He

needed to secure PTCFOR for his other guns other than those issued by the PNP

especially the Permit to Travel when such is not available. Being a retired, senior citizen,

he paid only 200 pesos as PTCFOR fee.

Participant 2 is a retired member of the PNP. He is an in-charge of the shooting

range in the city. He needed the PTCFOR when he wanted to bring his licensed gun

outside his residence. Before, he only needed to bring the PTT – Permit To Travel. But

finds it inconvenience since he has to secure the permit every now & then.

Participant 3 is a retired jail guard and a shooting range enthusiast. He needed the

PTCFOR in bringing the gun outside his residence and in going to the shooting range. It

is one of his hobby.

Participant 4 is a businessman who frequently go to Manila each time he renews

his PTCFOR. Because of time constraint, he cannot anymore allocate time to renew his

PTCFOR so he paid someone to facilitate for him. This time because there is a caravan

going around Cebu City that was held in SM, he personally attend to his application,

Participant 5 is an army retired officer. He used to have the PTC- (Permit to carry)

issued by the CENCOM.

Participant 6 is a PRIVATE Individual, who is a senior citizen. He owned gun

for protection.
 38

Participant 7 is a former government employee who is a senior citizen. He

owned guns for protection.

Participant 8 is an Orthopaedic doctor. He wanted to renew his PTCFOR for

protection whenever he is on the road attending to call of duty.

Participant 9 is a firing enthusiast. He renewed his PTCFOR whenever there is a

caravan that can help him get the convenience of applying for PTCFOR and process

locally even if the approval is in Manila.

Participant 10 is an employee in the PTCFOR office. He is in charge of

processing the application for PTCFOR. He is in his early 40 years.

PTCFOR or the Permit to carry firearms outside Residence is the final document

that a gun holder desires to have. The possession of gun will not have its full purpose

unless the gun holder is able to bring it wherever he goes to protect himself from

lawlessness. Gun ownership is not complete if it cannot be brought outside the

residence.The source of data were from the interview of participants, data mining mostly

from the R.A. 10591 and observation. The observation was noted while the interview

was going on.

DOCUMENTS REQUIRED IN THE APPLICATION OF PTCFOR

 39

PARTICIPANT PROFILE Duty Status/Retirement THREAT NBI /Court DUTY J9 Business LTOPF/FA

Order ASSESMENT Clearance STATUS / CLEARANCE Permit REG

ID /ITR NOT EXPIRE

1. Shooting Instructor YES NO YES YES NO NO YES

2. Retired Officer YES NO YES NO NO NO YES

3. Shooting Enthusiast YES NO YES YES NO NO YES

4. Businessman NO YES YES NO NO YES YES

5. Retired Army YES NO YES NO YES NO YES

Officer

6. Senior Citizen NO YES YES NO NO NO YES

7. Senior Citizen YES NO YES NO NO NO YES

8. Orthopedic Doctor NO NO YES NO NO NO YES

9. Businessman NO YES YES NO NO YES YES

10. Active PNP YES NO YES YES NO NO YES

THE THEMES
 40

The interview of participants revealed 5 themes discussed in this chapter.

Theme #1: Holders of Permit to Carry firearms Outside of Residence ( PTCFOR)

The participants were knowledgeable who are allowed by the law R.A. 10591 to

become holder of the Permit to carry firearms outside of residence. They are as follows:

government officials and government employees, elected officials who are incumbent,

Senior Citizen, Retired Government Officials and employees, businessmen and private

individuals.

Participant 10 said that “the payment for PTCFOR application is not the same

for each category of applicant. All applicants who are government officials and

government employees, elected officials who are incumbent, Senior Citizen, and Retired

Government Officials and employees will only pay 200 pesos, while businessmen and

private individuals pay 6,200 pesos.”( L325-329).

He also added “There are 6 categories of applicants: government officials and

government employees, elected officials who are incumbent, Senior Citizen, Retired

Government Officials and employees, businessmen and private individuals. ( L330-332).

Participant 1 said that “Since I am a PNP member, I only paid 200 pesos.” ( L

34-35).

Participant 2 said that “Being a PNP member, in charge of the shooting range

in my city, it is required for me to submit the following: appointment order,

certificate of duty status, non-pending case clearance, and my unit ID. When I
 41

already have my License to own and possess firearms, and the Firearm registration

and I will now go to Camp Crame to apply for a PTCFOR using their application

form, submitting to them a copy of the authenticated License to own and possess

firearm and the authenticated firearm registration. Since I am a PNP member, I

only paid 200 pesos.” (L 81-88).

Participant 3 said that being a Jail Guard, he is allowed to bring firearms

outside residence if on duty because he had the Decision Order….so right now he only

paid 200 pesos as PTCFOR fee.

“sa nature sa among trabaho mam.. kay jail guard man ko..makada ko
basta on duty ko kay tigaan man ko decision order…. So 200 ray
bayran nako karon..” (L111-112)

Participant 4 said that being a businessman he only paid 6,000 pesos last year.

“last year 6000 ra amoa gibayran as businessman..” (L157)

Participant 5 said that he is an army retiree that is why he paid only 200 pesos.

“army retiree ko, mao 200 pesos lang akong bayranan.” (L172)

Participant 6 said that when he was a private individual, he was paying 6,200

pesos but now that he is already a senior citizen, he paid 200 pesos only.

“I am not a new applicant… mine is for renewal…I am a private

individual. Before when I was not yet a senior citizen I paid 6,200
pesos for the PTCFOR. Now that I am already a retired senior citizen,
200 pesos nlang akong bayranan.” (L191-193)
 42

Participant 7 is a Senior Citizen and a former government employee who applied

in the Caravan that facilitate the application for firearm registration and PTCFOR in SM.

“Ako usa ka Senior Citizen, former government employee.” (L204)

Theme #2: Documents required in the application of PTCFOR.

There are basic requirements in the application of PTCFOR. These are a)

Notarized Application Form with attached 2x2 ID picture; b) Original copy of the

License to Own and Possess Firearms (LTOPF); Firearms Registration; NBI Clearance;

Drug Test Certificate from the Crime Laboratory or any DOH Accredited Testing Center

; and Threat Assessment issued by PNP. However, for the drug test, it is waived if the

date of approval of LTOPF is within 1 year.

For government officials and government employees, additional requirements are

requested such as oath of office or appointment order and an office identification card.

For PNP, AFP and other law enforcement agents, there are 3 other requisites like the

Certificate of Non-pending case and Duty Status; Appointment order; Agency ID and for

reservist the JV Clearance and AADT.

For the incumbent elected officials, they have to submit their Oath of Office and

their office ID, while for the retired government officials and retired government

employees, they must submit their retirement order and office ID.

For the businessman, they have to submit either DTI Registration or SEC

Registration and ITR and Business Permit. For Private individual, additional
 43

requirements are certificate of employment or proof of income and valid ID. For

former elected officials, additional requirements are certification from the COMELEC

that the applicant is a former elected official with a valid ID.

There are professions and occupations that should be given permit by authorities to

carry firearms outside of residence. They include members of the Philippine Bar; Certified

Public Accountants; accredited media practitioners; cashiers and bank tellers; priests,

ministers, Rabbi, imams; physicians and nurses; engineers, and businesspersons.

Participant 1 shared with the researcher his knowledge on the requirements in

applying for PTCFOR. He said that “The following are needed before one can apply for

a permit to carry firearms outside residence or place of work. These are the application

form (Issued on site); Copy of authenticated License to Own and Possess Firearm

(LTOPF); Copy of authenticated firearm Registration; NBI Clearance and Threat

Assessment (for new applicants) or previous PTCFOR for renewals. As requirement for

the PTCFOR issuance, the License to Own and Possess Firearms has to be acquired first.

This will be applied in the place, a city or province where the applicants are. One has to

get a clearance either from the RTC or MTC or National Police or NBI Clearance. Then

one has to accomplish a Neuro-psychiatric clearance from PNP at Camp Crame or any

Regional offices. One can also go to the any DOH accredited Government hospital or

AFP and PNP who will validate the Neuro-psychiatric result. Then you must take a drug

test to get the drug test clearance from the PNP Crime Laboratory at Camp Crame if you

are in Manila or PNP regional offices, or you can get an official Receipt from accredited

drug testing center in areas with no PNP Crime Laboratory. A seminar on Gun Safety

and Responsible Gun Ownership shall be taken in order to receive a seminar certificate
 44

from a PNP Firearms Explosive Office accredited Gun Club. You have to prepare your

NSO National Statistics Office Birth Certificate or passport whichever is available. To

establish ones address, you will present your proof of billing address, government issued

ID like Driver’s License or Senior Citizen ID, 2x2 ID pictures and proof of income either

pay slip or income tax return (ITR) or your withholding certificate. Once your

requirement is complete, you may submit them at the FEO Firearms and Explosive Office

at Camp Crame if you are in Manila or any PNP Regional Office. In get the MTC or

RTC or Prosecutor’s Clearance, one has to go to the barangay to get first the Barangay

Clearance, Police Clearance and Residence Certificate.” ( L2-27).

Participant 2 said that “The following are needed before one can apply for a

permit to carry firearms outside residence or place of work. These are the application

form (Issued on site); Copy of authenticated License to Own and Possess Firearm

(LTOPF); Copy of authenticated firearm Registration; NBI Clearance and Threat

Assessment (for new applicants) or previous PTCFOR for renewals. As requirement for

the PTCFOR issuance, the License to Own and Possess Firearms has to be acquired first.

This will be applied in the place, a city or province where the applicants are. One has to

get a clearance either from the RTC or MTC or National Police or NBI Clearance. Then

one has to accomplish a Neuro-psychiatric clearance from PNP at Camp Crame or any

Regional offices. One can also go to the any DOH accredited Government hospital or

AFP and PNP who will validate the Neuro-psychiatric result. Then you must take a drug

test to get the drug test clearance from the PNP Crime Laboratory at Camp Crame if you

are in Manila or PNP regional offices, or you can get an official Receipt from accredited
 45

drug testing center in areas with no PNP Crime Laboratory. A seminar on Gun Safety

and Responsible Gun Ownership shall be taken in order to receive a seminar certificate

from a PNP Firearms Explosive Office accredited Gun Club. You have to prepare your

NSO National Statistics Office Birth Certificate or passport whichever is available. To

establish ones address, you will present your proof of billing address, government issued

ID like Driver’s License or Senior Citizen ID, 2x2 ID pictures and proof of income either

pay slip or income tax return (ITR) or your withholding certificate. Once your

requirement is complete, you may submit them at the FEO Firearms and Explosive Office

at Camp Crame if you are in Manila or any PNP Regional Office. In order to get the

MTC or RTC or Prosecutor’s Clearance, one has to go to the barangay to get first the

Barangay Clearance, Police Clearance and Residence Certificate. Being a PNP member,

in charge of the shooting range in my city, it is required for me to submit the following:

appointment order, certificate of duty status, non-pending case clearance, and my unit ID.

When I already have my License to own and possess firearms, and the Firearm

registration and will now go to Camp Crame to apply for a PTCFOR using their

application form, submitting to them a copy of the authenticated License to own and

possess firearm and the authenticated firearm registration. Since I am a PNP member, I

only paid 200 pesos” (L52-88).

Participant 10 also shared his knowledge and said “The payment for PTCFOR

application is not the same for each category of applicant. All applicants who are

government officials and government employees, elected officials who are incumbent,

Senior Citizen, and Retired Government Officials and employees will only pay 200
 46

pesos, while businessmen and private individuals pay 6,200 pesos. There are 6 categories

of applicants: government officials and government employees, elected officials who are

incumbent, Senior Citizen, Retired Government Officials and employees, businessmen

and private individuals. The Permit to Carry Firearms Office [PTCFOR] is located at

the back portion of the PNP Gen Hospital in Camp Crame, Quezon City, Philippines.

Things needed are: a. Copy of LTOPF; b. Copy of Firearms Registration; c. Original

NBI clearance; d. Copy of your valid major government ID’s; e. COE [Certificate of

Employment]; f. Threat Assessment. First and foremost, you need to secure a Threat

Assessment [TA] from your local police station. And in order to get a TA from your

police station, you need to have a blotter from your barangay. Normally, the TA could be

released in 1-2 weeks, depends on station locations. TA’s are usually done by intelligence

officers of the Intel Division of the police station. Prepare a letter of intent addressed to

the Officer in Charge of the Division, requesting for a threat assessment for the purpose

of PTCFOR. NEVER, ever provide falsified documents, made up blotters, etc. This can

be used to file a case against you if they will find out. These will nullify not only your

request for a TA, PTC, but might also revoke your License to Own Firearms and your

Firearms Registration per se. Once the TA is release, another note, TA’s are absolutely

FREE. Need to be at the PTCFOR Office early around 0800 am, sometimes there are

many applicants. Give your documents to the officer on duty. He/She will assess then

will encode the information. Once done, you will have the printed copy notarized.

Photocopy it twice, because you will need a back-up copy. Now submit the papers back

to Window 1 outside the Office, officer will assess the documents, and will provide you

with an acknowledgment stamp that they received it, you will also find the date of
 47

approval. Usually it just takes 12 days. You will hence receive a text message from the

PTC office, once your application is approved. Then is the time for you to go back to the

PTCFOR Secretariat to get the Order of Payment from Window 2, then pay at the Land

Bank the amount [P 6,000 for private employees and P 200 for Senior Citizens, gov’t

employees, etc.] then go back to Window 2 and he will inform you to go upstairs for the

printing of the card. Before going upstairs, you need to pay the P 200 for the card itself,

at the ground floor desk. You need to wait for a few minutes, depends on the applicants

waiting, and you will have your card release.” (L323-365).

Additionally, he also said that the following professionals are considered to be in

imminent danger due to the nature of their profession, occupation or business and hence

are not required to submit threat assessment certificates: a) Members of the Philippine

Bar; b) Certified Public Accountants; c) Accredited media practitioners from recognized

media institutions; Cashiers and bank tellers; d) Priests, Ministers, Rabbi, Imams; e)

Physicians and nurses; and f) Businessmen, who by the nature of their business or

undertaking duly recognized or regulated by law, are exposed to high risk of being targets

of criminal elements (L377-384).

 48

Theme 3: Process Flow in the procedure of application of PTCFOR

Processing of PTCFOR is in accordance to the mandate of RA 10591. It is under

the office of the Chief of the Philippine National Police. The PTCFOR is being issued

and signed by the Chief of the PNP.

Pre-defined Internal Process

Documents required in the application of
for submission to the PTCFOR…..signed by the Chief
PTCFOR Office-Camp of PNP.
Crame

Release of card by
PTCFOR Office-Camp
Crame

Based on the narration of the lived experiences of the participants, all applications

are submitted in the PTCFOR Office, Camp Crame. Assuming that all the submitted

documents needed are complete, it shall be processed internally by the PTCFOR under

the Chief of PNP. The release of the PTCFOR is usually done after a number of days
 49

depending on the number of applicants on queue. It shall be released by the PTCFOR

secretariat.

Theme 4: Inconvenience of the participants in the conduct of

processing the application at the PTCFOR, Camp Crame

The Participants were not happy in the way the PTCFOR is being processed in

Camp Crame, considering that not all of them come from the Capital Region. They felt

that it is time consuming and have eaten a lot of their time. They also experienced loss of

money in staying in Manila away from their families while they were applying for the

PTCFOR. There are 13 regions in the Philippines and most of the regions in the Visayas

and Mindanao are the ones affected. These were the excerpts of the interview of the

Participants who were affected by the implementation of the submission, processing and

issuance of PTCFOR in Camp Crame, Quezon City.

As the researcher was observing while the interviewer was collecting the data, it

was observed that all the participants were very vocal in their sentiments. Their voices

were aggressive and high-toned, a reflection of anger and hostility with regards to the

process.

Participant 1 confided that “My concern is only the time that I spend in coming

to Manila since I am from Cebu. It’s good that I have friends inside the Camp Crame who

offered me place to stay at night, while waiting for the release of the PTCFOR. Although

I still spent for my foods since I was not familiar with the place where to get cheaper
 50

food. My experience in getting the PTCFOR is not at all pleasing since there are things in

the office that were left unattended because I was in Manila.” (L 36-43)

He added by saying that “There were fixers who said that they can get it for

me for additional cost. But I prefer to wait until it was released to me. This experience

implied that even in the new administration of President Duterte, fixers still abound,

because of the system that encourage the presence of these fixers.

Participant 2 said that for him if it is possible that he could apply and pay

anywhere in any Regional office of PNP. Just like those from Bohol they just come here

in Cebu to apply for PTCFOR.

He said that “para nako mam…kung mahimo unta..kay

parehas anang uban nga taga Bohol..mao ra ang gi ari nga
applying for PTCFOR…para nako na kun mahimo unta kada
lugar…I mean kada siyudad..naa unta maka assist sa ingon ani
nga kuan mam ba..pareha ani ron nga pag abot namo..offline ang
priority number… perting hasula pag linya…” (L118-122)

He also added that he prefers to have a decentralized processing so that it will be

in Cebu for Region 7. At present the PTCFOR is processed in Manila, you apply in

Manila and you get the Card in Manila. It is good for me because I am from Cebu City.

Now that there is a caravan, I can apply here in Cebu City. However, I experienced the

inconvenienced because of the long queue of applicants. Maybe because all applicants

were gathered in this one time caravan. If the long queue is experienced now in this

caravan, how much more if we file in Manila? The problems in applying for PTCFOR in

Camp Crame, Quezon City is that the buildings were we need to get the documents for
 51

notarization is at the far end of the next building where the notary public is. What is why

there are only few who renewed their firearms and declared it lost firearms because it is

very hard to apply for PTCFOR.

This is what Participant 2 said “kuan kanang para nako mas

maayo gyud ang decentralized.. kay kung sa Region 7 ari sa
Cebu…kay kining PTCFOR sa Manila man ni e process…arang
arang na lang mam kay taga Cebu man ko…perting hasula mam
taas kaayo..ang pag notaryo taas kaayo ang linya unya ang Xerox
taas kaayo ang linya..mao mao… kuti para nako pero kung Manila
ka labaw nga kuti…kay kung magpa notarized ka… naa didto nga
building… o samot didto..mao bitaw naa daghan wala na lang ning
renew kay gihimo nga lost firearms ..mahung nga lost firearms
…kay pagkuha ug LTOPF perting kutiha..” (L125-134)

Participant 4 felt that the processing was fast because his requirements were

complete when he filed it. “It took 2 weeks to process my application. I only waited for

another 1 week when I received it thru the mail. Last year when I went there, it was

supposed to be given to me the following day. But I was already booked for a flight that

was why they mailed it through LBC because I have a friend there.”

Miadto sad ko sa Camp Crame..2 weeks after gi-mail man to

akong card..(Nganung gi mail man)… pag apply nko wala man
nakuha nako..mao gi mail lang. (Mga pila man ka weeks nga
huwat ka..) …mga 1 week ra man siguro to. (So pwede ra diay
nga mo adto ka didto unya mo apply ka mouli ra pud dayon
ka..imo lang ingnon nga imong ipa mail..) at that time completo
naman ko sa ako requirements…the other year wala pa man to
mag stamp or 2015 ba to..i forgot my.. kay last year..completo
man ko sa requirements… pag adto nako didto dali raman kayo
didto… the following day nakuha ra man nako ang akong card…
Pag adto nimo didto hatag ka ug requirements unya human naa
ka signan nga application and then after that sila na ang mo
process sa sud..sila nay mo process…(unya ingnon ka nga balik
ka ugma..ana)…actually gi mail gihapon nila… but I was advised
the following day that my card is available na but since padong
na man sad ko uli…ingon ko nga sige lang ipa LBC na lang kay
 52

naa man sad ko kaila..so LBC na lang..(kung wa kay kaila

sir…unsa may mahitabo ana.. so they have to wait siguro…)
adto gyud didto… dili lang gyud ko kabawo mam …because it
so happened nga naa ko kaila didto…unya mao na to ang
pamalihug sad namo..”(L138-156)

Participant 7 felt that it should havae the same expiry for all licenses and

permits related to owning firearms. If the applicant have many firearms like in America,

like for instance a shotgun and a revolver, there should be one expiry for LTOPF and

PTCFOR.

“Maayo jud unta ug mausa nalang ang expiry sa tanang

licenses and permit related to owning firearms. Usahon ang
Firearm Registration ug LTOPF ( License to Own and Possess
Firearms) .. base sa region where you reside…usahon ang
expire…
Ug ikaduha..ug daghan ka ug armas parehas sa America…
pananglitan naa ka shotgun.. usa ang permit to carry..
(ah okey.. so ang inyong permit to carry karon asa man na
makuha sir…) Para sa mga individual…diri.. sa cebu.. o… kay
caravan man ni…’kung dili caravan… sa cebu…sa PESAC.. sa
PRO 7…” (L207-215)

He also added that he would likely apply here in this Caravan because of the

expenses in going to Manila, expenses for the board and lodging, and since Camp Crame,

Quezon City is very far from the airport, plus the airfare which is very expensive too.

Without the Caravan, I will not get the PTCFOR.

“basta ngari mi magkuha kay gasto…una ang puy an…

ikaduha ang kaon.. ang ikatulo layo baya nang CRAME..lakton
lakton mayta naa ka sakyan..unya di naka mokuha…pliti pa sa
eroplano
(Ang caravan every year?…)
 53

Wa ko kabawo if every year…(ah so ug dili mo anhi ngari ang

carawan, 1 year dili sad ka mokuha..) Dili ko mokuha apan ug
naay caravan mo kuha ko ug PTCFOR…” (L218-224)

He also added that if possible to have a process center per region like in Cebu

City which is convenient to the public. Without the Caravan, I do not renew my

PTCFOR. My guns will be left inside the cabinet.

“nga pwede unta e process per region sa cebu city para

convenient to the public..(kung wala gani caravan sir..asa man ka
mukuha sa PTCFOR)… ah wala nay renewed PTC..wala na lay
gawas gawas ang rebolber..ang armas..anha nalang esuksok sa
cabinet..”(L235-238)

Participant 8 said he always renew his PTCFOR in Manila. He said that “ In Manila, I

have to bear with the inconvenience because I need it.”

“Sa manila.. bisan ug very inconvenient para nako, ako lang

gud agwantahon.”(L274).

Participant 9 said that the processing after filing is fast, but the problem is the

expenses because he came from the province. He has to pay for the hotel, food and

transportation. That is the common reason why they did not renew their PTCFOR.

He said that “actually dali man… pero ang expenses namo sa

probinsya ig adto didto kay daku man…mo hotel ka no..mo kaon
pa gyud…bitaw that’s the only reason ang uban di mokuha ug
PTC…”(L296-298)

He added that it would have been appreciated if the application and issuance be

regionalized so that those from the province would be aware that there is a PTCFOR that
 54

will allow them to bring their guns outside their residences. Right now we only have the

PTT Permit to Transport for gun club members like me.

He said that “ma regionalized unta ang pag issue sa PTCFOR

para sa taga probinsya..medyo aware ang mga tawo nga
kadaghanan sa atong fire arms holder naay PTCFOR..so
kasagaran sa mga fire arms holders mga PTT ra na sila…diri sa
akong experience lang…kanang mga membro ug gun club mag
PTT ra na sila..”(L307-311)

Theme 5 Cost of Applying PTCFOR

Most of the participants were senior citizen and former government employees.

There are 6 categories of applicants: government officials and government

employees, elected officials who are incumbent, Senior Citizen, Retired Government

Officials and employees, businessmen and private individuals. ( L330-332). Only the

businessmen and private individuals pay 6,200. All others pay only 200.00 pesos.
 55

Discussion and Interpretation

The findings of this study were the detailed representation of the processes

experienced by the participants in their filing of their application for a PTCFOR. The

following were the themes extracted from the significant statements in the coded

transcript:

Theme 1 was about the holders of Permit to Carry firearms Outside of Residence

( PTCFOR); Theme 2 was about the documents required in the application of PTCFOR;

Theme 3 was about the process flow in the procedure of application of PTCFOR; Theme

4 was about the inconveniences experienced of the venue in the application of PTCFOR

and Theme 5 was about the cost of Applying PTCFOR.

The provision on the holder of the Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence

(PTCFOR) is mandated by law under RA 10591. These are the government officials and

employees, elected incumbent officials, senior citizens, retired government officials and

employees, businessmen and private individuals. These were the type of individuals the

participants of this study belongs.

The documents required in the processing of the application for PTCFOR is also

provided for in the law. There isn’t much to interpret since the law is clear. The process

starts with the completion of all requirements to apply a PTCFOR. Since it is mandated

by law, then applicants must follow them. The assignment of the venue of filing as

experienced by the participants has an impact to the decision of the participant to file for
 56

the application for PTCFOR or not. Almost all of the participants experienced unpleasant

memories in their application for a PTCFOR in Manila. They were expressing their

feeling of inconvenience in going to Manila and spending on the travelling cost like

airfare and hotel or board and lodging. This study would like to propose a strategy to

find a solution to their concerns. This is through the Proposed Decentralization Plan To

the Chief PNP in the filing and the releasing of PTCFOR.

 57

Chapter V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusion:

The lived experiences of participants in Cebu City reflect a negative experience in

the filing and releasing of PTCFOR. They expressed their concerned by not renewing

every year when the filing is done in Manila. They just waited for a Caravan to be held

in Cebu City.

Recommendation:

1. To propose to the Chief PNP the Framework for the Decentralized Plan in the

filing and releasing of PTCFOR.

THE FRAMEWORK FOR THE DECENTRALIZED PLAN

IN THE FILING AND RELEASING OF PTCFOR

OBJECTIVE:

1. To encourage annual renewal of PTCFOR.

2. To increase the revenue from PTCFOR application.

3. Accessibility and convenience of applicants.

4. To eliminate bureaucratic red tape.

 58

DECENTRALIZED PLAN
1. CREATE THE OFFICE OF THE CHIEF PNP-PTCFOR SECRETARIAT
(Satellite Office)
Regional Police Office

Region 1-17

2. Issuance of Office Orders

( To operationalized the desired objectives.)

3. Monthly Report per Regional Satellite Offices

( To be consolidated in the PTCFOR Secretariat )

1. Chief PNP will issue a directive to Director for Plans for the creation of PTCFOR

Satellite Office.

2. Director for Plans will prepare a proposed PTCFOR Satellite Office & Personnel

Requirement to be submitted to the NAPOLCOM for approval.

3. Approved NAPOLCOM resolution for the creation of PTCFOR satellite office as

approved by the NAPOLCOM Commissioner.

 59

4. Issuance of memorandum circular approved by the Chief PNP. The memorandum

circular includes the personnel, funding, logistical requirements and operational

activity.

FLOW CHART OF TASKS:

1. Data capture for new and old applicants for PTCFOR.

2. Printing of application form by the Satellite Office.

3. Submission of required documents.

4. Verification of documents.

5. Scanning of documents.

6. Processing of application forms forwarded to Camp Crame PTCFOR Office.

7. Once approved by the Chief PNP, Notice of approval will be sent to applicant

through SMS.

8. Issuance of Order of payment to LandBank.

9. Releasing of PTCFOR Card to the applicant.

 60

References

Beck, Ulrich (1992) “Risk Society and the Media , A Catasrophic View?

Dan Zahavi (2005) Subjectivity and selfhood: Investigating the first-person perspective

Dowling Maura ( 2007) From Husserl to van Manen. A review of different

phenomenological approaches. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007 Jan;44(1):131-42

Kay A. Lopez and Danny G. Willis (2004) Descriptive Versus Interpretive

Phenomenology: Their Contributions to Nursing Knowledge. Sage Publication

Natanson , Maurice A.( 1973) Phenomenology and the Social Sciences Northwestern
University Press, 1973 -Education

PNP-FED Philippine National Police Firearms and Explosive Division

Reiners, M ( 2012) Understanding the Differences between Husserl’s (Descriptive) and

Heidegger’s (Interpretive) Phenomenological Research Gina

Small Arms Survey Continuity and Change: Products and Producers, Small Arms
Survey: Rights and Risks ( Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2004)

Speziale, Helen Streubert & Carpenter, Dona Rinaldi (2007) Qualitative Research in
Nursing: Advancing the Humanistic Imperative. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,
2007

Tymieniecka, Anna-Teresa ( 2003) Phenomenology World-wide Kluwer Academic

Publishers (2003)

R.A.10591 https://www.gov.ph/2013/12/07/implementing-rules-and-regulations-of-
republic-act-no-10591/
 61

APPENDICES
 62

Appendix A

Transmittal Letter to the Dean

DR. ROSEMARIE CRUZ-ESPAÑOL, CPA

Dean, College of Business Administration
University of Visayas
Colon St., Cebu City

Dear Dr. Español:

I am currently pursuing my DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Public

Administration and Governance at the University of Visayas and part of the requirements
of the degree is to conduct a study related to Public Administration. The approved
research title of my dissertation is “DECENTRALIZED ISSUANCES OF PERMIT
TO CARRY FIREARMS OUTSIDE OF RESIDENCE” and the same will be
conducted under the supervision of Dr. Maria Fe P. Imbong.

I am therefore seeking your approval to allow me to conduct my research outside

the university. I will be conducting interviews relevant to the needs of this research.

Thank you for your time and consideration in this matter.

Respectfully,

WILDEMAR T. TIU

Noted
 63

(SGD) MARIA FE P. IMBONG, PhD

Appendix B

Letter request for Approval from the Participant’s Management

TO Applicant of PTCFOR

I am currently pursuing my DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Public

Administration and Governance at the University of Visayas and part of the requirements
of the degree is to conduct a study related to Public Administration. The approved
research title of my dissertation is “DECENTRALIZED ISSUANCES OF PERMIT
TO CARRY FIREARMS OUTSIDE OF RESIDENCE” and the same will be
conducted under the supervision of Dr. Maria Fe P. Imbong.

I am therefore seeking your approval to allow me to continue my research with

your approval according to the ethical standards in doing research. I will be conducting
interviews relevant to the needs of this research.

Thank you for your time and consideration in this matter.

Respectfully,

(SGD) WILDEMAR T. TIU

Noted

(SGD) MARIA FE P. IMBONG, PhD

 64

Appendix C

Interview Guided

1. What are the lived experiences of the participants regarding the processing

of PTCFOR?

2. What are the lived experiences for new applicants and renewal regarding

the processing of PTCFOR?

 65

Appendix D

Transcript of Audio interviews, Themes and Patterns

 66

Appendix E

Informed Consent

Consent for Participation in Interview Research

I understand that I am being asked to participate in a research study from the

Graduate School of Business, University of the Visayas, Cebu City. The study is
purposely made to explore the lived experiences of applicants of PTCFOR in Cebu City,
the findings of which will be the bases for the framework for process proposal. If I agree
to participate in the study, I will be interviewed for approximately 30 minutes to 45
minutes. The interview will be audio recorded and will take place in the shooting range
where the participant frequented or in the caravan held at SM. No identifying information
will be included when the interview is transcribed. I understand that I will not receive
any amount for participating in this study. There are no risks associated with the study.

My participation in this study is voluntary. I may withdraw my participation at

any given time I want. If I decide to discontinue my participation in this study, I will
continue to be treated in the usual and customary fashion. If I feel uncomfortable in any
way during the interview session, I have the right to decline to answer any question or to
end the interview. I realize that the knowledge gained from this study may help me, as
part of the workforce of the industry and the industry as a whole.

I understand that all study data will be kept confidential. The researcher will not identify
me by name in any reports using information obtained from this interview. The
information may be used for academic purposes only. However, the information may be
used in research publications. I also understand that if I sustain injuries from my
participation in this research, I will not automatically be compensated by the companies
concerned.

If I need to, I can contact the Chairman of the Panel of Examiner, in the person of
_______ at the University of the Visayas, Main Campus, Colon St., Cebu City anytime
during the day.

The study has been explained to me, and has read and understand the consent form. All
of my questions have been answered and I agree to participate. I understand that I will be
given a copy of the signed consent form.

Signature of the Informant Date

 67

Signature of the Witness Date

Signature of the Researcher Date

 Appendix F
Transcript

1 PARTICIPANT 1:RITCHEE
2 The following are needed before one can apply for a permit to carry firearms
3 outside residence or place of work. These are the application form (Issued on
4 site); Copy of authenticated License to Own and Possess Firearm (LTOPF);
5 Copy of authenticated firearm Registration; NBI Clearance and Threat
6 Assessment (for new applicants) or previous PTCFOR for renewals. As
7 requirement for the PTCFOR issuance, the License to Own and Possess
8 Firearms has to be acquired first. This will be applied in the place, a city or
9 province where the applicants are. One has to get a clearance either from the
10 RTC or MTC or National Police or NBI Clearance. Then one has to accomplish
11 a Neuro-psychiatric clearance from PNP at Camp Crame or any Regional
12 offices. One can also go to the any DOH accredited Government hospital or
13 AFP and PNP who will validate the Neuro-psychiatric result. Then you must
14 take a drug test to get the drug test clearance from the PNP Crime Laboratory
15 at Camp Crame if you are in Manila or PNP regional offices, or you can get an
16 official Receipt from accredited drug testing center in areas with no PNP
17 Crime Laboratory. A seminar on Gun Safety and Responsible Gun Ownership
18 shall be taken in order to receive a seminar certificate from a PNP Firearms
19 Explosive Office accredited Gun Club. You have to prepare your NSO National
20 Statistics Office Birth Certificate or passport whichever is available. To
21 establish ones address, you will present your proof of billing address,
22 government issued ID like Driver’s License or Senior Citizen ID, 2x2 ID pictures
23 and proof of income either pay slip or income tax return (ITR) or your
24 withholding certificate. Once your requirement is complete, you may submit
25 them at the FEO Firearms and Explosive Office at Camp Crame if you are in
26 Manila or any PNP Regional Office. In get the MTC or RTC or Prosecutor’s
27 Clearance, one has to go to the barangay to get first the Barangay Clearance,
28 Police Clearance and Residence Certificate.
29 Being a PNP member, in charge of the shooting range in my city, it is required
30 for me to submit the following: appointment order, certificate of duty status,
31 non-pending case clearance, and my unit ID. When I already have my License
32 to own and possess firearms, and the Firearm registration and will now go to
33 Camp Crame to apply for a PTCFOR using their application form, submitting to
34 them a copy of the authenticated License to own and possess firearm and the
35 authenticated firearm registration. Since I am a PNP member, I only paid 200
36 pesos.
37 My concern is only the time that I spend in coming to Manila since I am from
38 Cebu
39 It’s good that I have friends inside the Camp Crame who offered me place to
40 stay at night, while waiting for the release of the PTCFOR.
 69

41 Although I still spent for my foods since I was not familiar with the place
42 where to get cheaper food.
43 My experience in getting the PTCFOR is not at all pleasing since there are
44 things in the office that were left unattended because I was in Manila.
45 There were fixers who said that they can get it for me for additional cost.
46 But I prefer to wait until it was released to me. This experience implied
47 that even in the new administration of President Duterte, fixers still
48 abound, because of the system that encourage the presence of these fixers.
49
50 2) SHOOTING RANGE IN CHARGE
51 The following are needed before one can apply for a permit to carry firearms
52 outside residence or place of work. These are the application form (Issued on
53 site); Copy of authenticated License to Own and Possess Firearm (LTOPF);
54 Copy of authenticated firearm Registration; NBI Clearance and Threat
55 Assessment (for new applicants) or previous PTCFOR for renewals.
56 As requirement for the PTCFOR issuance, the License to Own and Possess
57 Firearms has to be acquired first. This will be applied in the place, a city or
58 province where the applicants are.
59 One has to get a clearance either from the RTC or MTC or National Police or
60 NBI Clearance.
61 Then one has to accomplish a Neuro-psychiatric clearance from PNP at Camp
62 Crame or any Regional offices.
63 One can also go to the any DOH accredited Government hospital or AFP and
64 PNP who will validate the Neuro-psychiatric result.
65 Then you must take a drug test to get the drug test clearance from the PNP
66 Crime Laboratory at Camp Crame if you are in Manila or PNP regional offices,
67 or you can get an official Receipt from accredited drug testing center in areas
68 with no PNP Crime Laboratory.
69 A seminar on Gun Safety and Responsible Gun Ownership shall be taken in
70 order to receive a seminar certificate from a PNP Firearms Explosive Office
71 accredited Gun Club. You have to prepare your NSO National Statistics Office
72 Birth Certificate or passport whichever is available. To establish ones address,
73 you will present your proof of billing address, government issued ID like
74 Driver’s License or Senior Citizen ID, 2x2 ID pictures and proof of income
75 either pay slip or income tax return (ITR) or your withholding certificate.
 70

76 Once your requirement is complete, you may submit them at the FEO
77 Firearms and Explosive Office at Camp Crame if you are in Manila or any
78 PNP Regional Office. In order to get the MTC or RTC or Prosecutor’s
79 Clearance, one has to go to the barangay to get first the Barangay
80 Clearance, Police Clearance and Residence Certificate. Being a PNP
81 member, in charge of the shooting range in my city, it is required for me to
82 submit the following: appointment order, certificate of duty status, non-
83 pending case clearance, and my unit ID.
84 When I already have my License to own and possess firearms, and the
85 Firearm registration and will now go to Camp Crame to apply for a
86 PTCFOR using their application form, submitting to them a copy of the
87 authenticated License to own and possess firearm and the authenticated
88 firearm registration. Since I am a PNP member, I only paid 200 pesos.
89 My concern is only the time that I spend in coming to Manila since I am
90 from Cebu. It’s good that I have friends inside the Camp Crame who
91 offered me place to stay at night, while waiting for the release of the
92 PTCFOR. Although I still spend in my foods since I am not familiar with
93 the place where to get cheaper food.
94 My experience in getting the PTCFOR is not at all pleasing since there are
95 things in the office that were left unattended because I was in Manila.
96 There were fixers who said that they can get it for me for additional cost.
97 But I prefer to wait until it was released to me. This experience implied
98 that even in the new administration of President Duterte, fixers still
99 abound, because of the system that encourage the presence of these fixers.
100 3) JAIL GUARD
101 Ning apply ka ug PTCFOR sir…o..
102 Kini nga interview sir this is for the dissertation for the police superintendent
103 Wildimar Tiu.. and the output of this will be used to the policy formulation
104 bitaw whatever it is to come up sa study nato.. to improve the processing
105 PTCFOR..
106 is this the first time nag apply ka ug PTCFOR…
107 3rd time na mam…. Pero before it was 1990 pa..mga 90s pa…mga 98
108 ,…99..karon pa ko kabalik
109 so balik diay ka nga PTCFOR…o balik…kadtong wa pa ka nakabalik diri
110 karon ba…di gyud ka maka da sa imong armas….outside the home
111 sa among nature sa trabaho mam.. kay jail guard mam ko..maka da ko basta on
112 duty ko kay tigaan man ko decision order…. So 200 ray bayran nako karon..
113 oo kay government employee man..ang problema lang nimo kung way caravan
114 kay mo adto ka ug Manila..di ba…ug way caravan mao lagi na mo adto ug
115 Manila…hasul kaayo..hasul kaayo tanan
 71

116 so unsa may imong suggestion sir for the government to know your sentiments
117 about kanang applying for PTCFOR..
118 para nako mam…kung mahimo unta..kay parehas anang uban nga taga
119 Bohol..mao ra ang gi ari nga applying for PTCFOR…para nako na kun
120 mahimo unta kada lugar…I mean kada siyudad..naa unta maka assist sa ingon
121 ani nga kuan mam ba..pareha an iron nga pag abot namo..offline ang priority
122 number… perting hasula pag linya…
123 naa diay priority number..
124 naa mam
125 kuan kanang para nako mas maayo gyud ang decentralized.. kay kung sa
126 Region 7 ari sa Cebu…
127 kay kining PTCFOR sa Manila man ni e process…arang arang na lang mam
128 kay taga Cebu man ko…perting hasula mam taas kaayo..ang pag notaryo taas
129 kaayo ang linya unya ang Xerox taas kaayo ang linya..
130 mao mao… kuti para nako
131 pero kung Manila ka labaw nga kuti…kay kung magpa notarized ka… naa
132 didto nga building… o samot didto..mao bitaw naa daghan wala na lang ning
133 renew kay gihimo nga lost firearms ..mahung nga lost firearms …kay pagkuha
134 ug LTOPF perting kutiha..
135 sige sir..thank you sir.. sige mam
136 4) BUSINESS MAN
137 Miadto sad ko sa Camp Crame..2 weeks after gimail man to akong card..
138 Nganung gi mail man…
139 pag apply nko wala man nakuha nako..mao gi mail lang. Mga pila man ka
140 weeks nga huwat ka..
141 mga 1 week ra man siguro to
142 So pwede ra diay nga mo adto ka didto unya mo apply ka mouli ra pud dayon
143 ka..imo lang ingnon nga imong ipa mail..
144 at that time completo naman ko sa requirements…the other year wala pa man
145 to alt stamp or 2015 ba to..i forgot my.. last nako kay last year..completo man
146 ko sa requirements… pag adto nako didto dali raman kayo didto… the
147 following day nakuha ra man nako ang akong card…
148 Pag adto nimo didto hatag ka ug requirements unya human naa ka signan nga
149 application and then after that sila na ang mo process sa sud..sila nay mo
150 proces…
151 unya ingnon ka nga balik ka ugma..ana…actually gi mail gihapon nila… but I
152 was advised the following day that my card is available na but since padong na
153 man sad ko uli…ingon ko nga sige lang ipa LBC na lang kay naa man sad ko
154 kaila..so LBC na lang..
155 kung wa kay kaila sir…unsa may mahitabo ana.. so they have to wait siguro…
156 adto gyud didto… dili lang gyud ko kabawo mam …because it so happened
157 nga naa ko kaila didto…unya mao na to ang pamalihug sad namo..
158 so ang imong nabayran sir is 6200..yah..
159 last year 6000 ra amoa gibayran as businessman..
160 ang problema kay mo spent ka ug air fare..kaon..unya lodging..ingon ana..
 72

161 timing lang to nga naa ko business conference

162 wala lang problema…but sometimes, ug wala koy available time, magsugo
163 lang ko ug taw nga maoy akong palihokon ug paadtoon sa Manila. Double ang
164 fee ky mo spend paman pud siya ug accommodation, food, and air fare.
165 sige sir..thank you
166 5) ARMY RETIREE
167 …I am here to interview you about your PTCFOR…
168 first time ka nag apply sa imong PTCFOR?…
169 o karon pa mam..
170 so naa nakay LTOPF?… ang imohang registration..
171 naa naman ko license mam.. dugay na na siya… kini akong license mam
172 tiempo pa ni ni Gen. Sarmiento…active pa ko mam..
173 police diay ka sir…
174 dili mam .. army retiree ko, mao 200 pesos lang akong bayranan.
175 so karon lang ka gusto mag apply ug PTCFOR…nganu man sir?…
176 niadto gud wala man ko ning apply ug PTC kay gitagaan mi ug permit to carry
177 sa CENCOM… karon kay ang license ron dili naman card kato namang papel..
178 di na man mohatag ang CENCOM ug MO…
179 Ang Memorandum Order sa CENCOM kay renew every three months…unya
180 karon ang among license dinaman card, papel naman…ning ingon di na sila
181 mo issue ug MO..
182 mao ako ning apply ko ug PTC ..o para matigaan ka atong card..ambot kung
183 card ba
184 salamat sir ha
185
186 6) PRIVATE INDIVIDUAL
187 sir maayong udto sir…
188 magsamok samok ko ninyo sir .. University of the Visayas ko nag eskwela. ….
189 si police superintendent Wildemar Tiu diay ko.. am writing my dissertation
190 about PTCFOR…and I am here to interview you about PTCFOR.
191 so unsa may reason nganung mo apply mo for the permit to carry firearms
192 outside the residence…you are a businessman sir?…
193 I am not a new applicant… mine is for renewal…I am a private individual.
194 Before when I was not yet a senior citizen I paid 6,200 pesos for the PTCFOR.
195 Now that I am already a retired senior citizen, 200 pesos nlang akong
196 bayranan.
197 unsa man ka sir…businessman… private individuals…professionals…
198 Private individual
199 So 6200 imong bayranan… yes 6200… retired… senior citizen…ah naa ka sa
200 200…before mag renew ka every year…
201 sige sir…thank you so much sir..
202
203 PARTICIPANT 7) Former Government Employee Now Senior Citizen
204 Good Noon Sir. Ako us aka studyante sa UV gusto mangutana nimo about sa
205 imong pag apply ug PTCFOR.
 73

206 Kinsa gani imong pangalan ug trabaho Sir?

207 Ako us aka Senior Citizen, former government employee.
208 Unsa may masulti nimo sir about sa pag apply ug PTCFOR?….
209 Maayo jud unta ug mausa nalang ang expiry sa tanang licenses and permit
210 related to owning firearms. Usahon ang Firearm Registration ug LTOPF (
211 License to Own and Possess Firearms) .. base sa region where you
212 reside…usahon ang expire…
213 Ug ikaduha..ug daghan ka ug armas parehas sa America… pananglitan naa ka
214 shotgun.. usa ang permit to carry..
215 ah okey.. so ang inyong permit to carry karon asa man na makuha sir… Para sa
216 mga individual…diri.. sa cebu.. o… kay caravan man ni…’kung dili caravan…
217 sa cebu…sa PESAC.. sa PRO 7…
218 Mao ba…
219 Ang PTCFOR sa Manila na sir…
220 basta ngari mi magkuha kay gasto…una ang puy an… ikaduha ang kaon.. ang
221 ikatulo layo baya nang KRAMI..lakton lakton mayta naa ka sakyan..unya di
222 naka mokuha…pliti pa sa eroplano
223 Ang caravan every year?…
224 Wa ko kabawo if every year…
225 ah so ug dili mo anhi ngari ang carawan, 1 year dili sad ka mokuha..
226 Dili ko mokuha apan ug naay caravan mo kuha ko ug PTCFOR…
227 balik ta sa FESAC..
228 Gi unsa nimo pagka hibawo sir ug naay caravan?…
229 thru text…sa pesac ..FESAGS ang ngan ana sa PRO 7
230 Firearms exclusive..
231 Ikaw sir unsa may ikasulti nimo sir…PTC gihapon na imo kuhaon?
232 So every year ka magkuha sir..
233 oo every year..
234 ug wa sila diri sir asa man ka mokuha…
235 wa gyud paabot gyud sa caravan kay murag di man mo process ang cebu city..
236 unsa may ika suggest nimo sir…para manindot pamaagi sa proceso.
237 nga pwede unta e process sa region sa cebu city para convenient to the public
238 kung wala gani caravan sir..asa man ka mukuha sa PTCFOR…
239 ah wala nay renewed PTC..wala na lay gawas gawas ang rebolber..ang
240 armas..anha nalang esuksok sa cabinet..
241 ah mao ba
242 ikaw sir unsa may ikasulti nimo sa PTCFOR sir..
243 parehas sa ilaha…so kailangan nga ari na lang unta sa Cebu iprocess
244 tanan..mao lagi…kung naay caravan..better naa na silay kaugalingon..ang card
245 diri na e - print ba…
246 parehas sa LTOPF ( License to Own and Possess Firearms)..
247 ang caravan diay karon.. ighuman ani makuha ninyo dayon?..
248 dili namo makuha…
249 kanus a man ilang ingon?…
 74

250 mobayad pa mi sa landbank…unya among dad - on sa FESAGGS region 7

251 adto e - claim..mamili ka kung asa e - claim cebu or adto sa Manila
252 mas maayo parehas sa LTOPF…nga certification usa lang.. pag bayad
253 nimo..gawas dayon imong card..
254 asa na dapit..ang landbank dapat naa na cashier diri.. para diri na lang bayad
255 kay pag human ug bayad card dayon nimo…
256 karon naa silay cashier diri?…
257 ang LTOPF ug registration naa pero ang landbank wala..
258 adto ka ug landbank nga very far from here…yes…unya inig human ug
259 bayad…pila man ang bayranan sa landband…depende ..mo text ra sila sa amoa
260 kung pila ang bayad pero government employee man ko…200 ra ko..
261 pag private individual..professionals…6200…so motext sila nimo nga bayad
262 na…mao ni ang pangalan..mao ni ang code..naa man coding.. after that mo
263 adto ka either sa cebu or manila..
264 so moingon ka sa nga FESAC Cebu… sa manila dali ra..
265 sige sir…naa na diri sir..
266
267 8) othopedic doctor
268 I am XXXX ikaw sir.. kinsa man pud ka sir..
269 ako us aka doctor, nagprivate practice ra…you are also a doctor of medicine…
270 Ako us aka doctor of orthopedics.. ah ortho…
271 sige sir kinsa name nimo sir…
272 Dr. XXXX…
273 So nag apply sad ka ug PTCFOR.. renewal… so every year nag apply gyud
274 ka?…
275 Yes, I am applying for renewal..
276 kung walay caravan..asa man ka moadto ug kuha sa lisensya?
277 Sa manila.. bisan ug very inconvenient para nako, ako lang gud agwantahon.
278 pilay bayad ug diri sa Cebu lang?..
279 Naay caravan last time kay tag-4 thousand ako mangaasto…
280 ug manila gani … 6200 pesos …depende man na kung government employee
281 ka, or senior citizen ba hinoon.. barato ra kay 200 pesos raman imo
282 mabayran…
283 Okey sir thank you so much sir..
284 9) Applicant
285 My dissertation.. naa may daghan..tagsa tagsaon man ta mo sir..
286 Naa nakay LTOPF.. unsa man na imoha sir.. renewal…
287 actually kanang PTC every year man na siya nawa…mo expire man na siya
288 Ang imohang armas kapila naman katuig ana nag sige ug renew…
289
290 Nag sige ug…sukad pag bago sa balaod sa firearms…
291 Unsay paminaw nimo sir sa pag apply nimo nga lisud kaayo…
292 ang purpose ani ang pag improve sa process sa PTCFOR…
 75

293 Dre sa Cebu sa gihimo nilang caravan dre sa SM, actually ang system nila
294 hinay kaayo.. hinay ang movement sa tawo… gamay ra kaayo sila..bisag dili
295 diri ba…
296 Actually ang PTCFOR gi process regionalized ba…o manila gyud sila,… so
297 ikaw mo adto gyud ka ug manila..before naa man to caravan sa cebu..kung
298 walay caravan sir…
299 dili lang mo apply sad… kung naay chance moadto ug manila..unya pila man
300 na kaadlaw sir sa Manila…
301 actually dali man… pero ang expenses namo sa probinsya ig adto didto kay
302 daku man…mo hotel ka no..mo kaon pa gyud…bitaw that’s the only reason
303 ang uban di mokuha ug PTC…
304 Kuan sir ig adto nimo sa Manila.. mga pila kaha ka adlaw una ka naka receive..
305 wala wala ko naka suway didto..mag huwat sa caravan..
306 Kanang PTC kay privilege ba…nga mada sa gawas..kung dili pwede mada sa
307 gawas aw di dan on sa gawas…
308 So ang rason ana niya kay mo adto pa ka sa Manila…not actually pero too
309 much expenses kung mao ra na imong adto sa PTCFOR lang…patyon ka sa
310 expenses.. di nimo kaya…imagine pila gud ang barko..pila ang eroplano…
311 so unsay may imong recommendation ana…pag ma-improve ang system..
312 ma regionalized ang issue ang PTC para taga probinsya..medyo aware ang mga
313 tawo nga kadaghanan sa atong fire arms holder naay PTC..so kasagaran sa mga
314 fire arms holders mga PTT ra na sila
315 diri sa akong experience lang…kanang mga membro ug gun club mag PTT ra
316 na sila..
317 kuan sad ka sir apil sad ka anang shouting shouting…dati…
318 police ka sir… dati.. retire..asa man ka mag shouting shouting.. diri sa cebu…
319 kanang imong mga kauban sir nga mo shout..asa man sila mokuha ug
320 PTC…ang PTT from resident to the firing area…
321 unsa meaning aning PTT (permit to transport)….
322 Ah so kinahanglan ang imohang firearms are from the residence to the firing
323 area… kung madakpan ka ug layu na sa imong firing area…moingon ka nga
324 naa ka PTT.. dili ka issuance ug PPT without valid reason..
325 ang mo issue ana ang RAC asa ka na belong..
326 So ang PTCFOR para ra gyud na sa individual for their protection…
327
328
329 PARTICIPANT 10: PTCFOR OFFICE EMPLOYEE
330 The payment for PTCFOR application is not the same for each category of
331 applicant. All applicants who are government officials and government
332 employees, elected officials who are incumbent, Senior Citizen, and Retired
333 Government Officials and employees will only pay 200 pesos, while
334 businessmen and private individuals pay 6,200 pesos.
335 There are 6 categories of applicants: government officials and government
336 employees, elected officials who are incumbent, Senior Citizen, Retired
337 Government Officials and employees, businessmen and private individuals.
 76

338

339 The Permit to Carry Firearms Office [PTCFOR] is located at the back portion
340 of the PNP Gen Hospital in Camp Crame, Quezon City, Philippines.

341 Things needed: a. Copy of LTOPF; b. Copy of Firearms Registration; c.

342 Original NBI clearance; d. Copy of your valid major government ID’s; e. COE
343 [Certificate of Employment]; f. Threat Assessment.

344 First and foremost, you need to secure a Threat Assessment [TA] from your
345 local police station. And in order to get a TA from your police station, you
346 need to have a blotter from your barangay. Normally, the TA could be released
347 in 1-2 weeks, depends on station locations. TA’s are usually done by
348 intelligence officers of the Intel Division of the police station.

349 Prepare a letter of intent addressed to the Officer in Charge of the Division,
350 requesting for a threat assessment for the purpose of PTCFOR.

351 NOTE: NEVER, ever provide falsified documents, made up blotters, etc.
352 This can be used to file a case against you if they will find out. And ergo, will
353 nullify not only your request for a TA, PTC, but might also revoke your
354 License to Own Firearms and your Firearms Registration per se.

355 Once the TA is release, another note, TA’s are absolutely FREE, now is the
356 time to make the journey to the PTCFOR Secretariat.

357 Need to be at the PTCFOR Office early around 0800 am, sometimes there are
358 many applicants. Give your documents to the officer on duty. He/She will
359 assess then will encode the information. Once done, you will have the printed
360 copy notarized. Photocopy it twice, because you will need a back-up copy.

361 Now submit the papers back to Window 1 outside the Office, officer will
362 assess the documents, and will provide you with an acknowledgment stamp
363 that they received it, you will also find the date of approval. Usually it just
364 takes 12 days.

365 You will hence received a text message from the PTC office, once your
366 application is approved. Then is the time for you to go back to the PTCFOR
367 Secretariat to get the Order of Payment from Window 2, then pay at the
368 LAndBank the amount [P 6,000 for private employees and P 200 for LEA’s,
369 gov’t employees, etc.] then go back to Window 2 and he will inform you to go
370 upstairs for the printing of the card.
 77

371 Before going upstairs, you need to pay the P 200 for the card itself, at the
372 ground floor desk. YOu need to wait for a few minutes, depends on the
373 applicants waiting, and you will have your card release.

374 There are guidelines on the carrying of firearms that must be observed. First it
375 that the PTCFOR is non-transferrable. That display of firearms is prohibited.
376 The firearms must always be concealed carry. If you have a handgun, it must
377 not be physically or bodily tucked or inserted in the waistband. It must be
378 encases on a hand luggage such as a clutch bags, belt bags, or gun case. For
379 rifles or shotguns categorized as small arms, it must be casesd and secured
380 inside a motor vehicle. The firearms must be brought inside places of worship,
381 public drinking and amusement parks, commercial or public establishments,
382 place of engagements during international events or within the areas of public
383 convergence during local celebrations. If you violated the above guidelines, it
384 shall be ground for immediate revocation of PTCFOR.
 Appendix G

Curriculum Vitae of Researcher

PSUPT WILDEMAR T TIU

CE, MBA, MPA, PESE

Condo 2 A3 CAMP CRAME QUEZON CITY

Mobile Number: 09173255732
Email Address: wildemar43@yahoo.com

“PNPA SAMBIGKIS Class 2003”

PERSONAL INFORMATION:

Date of Birth: December 13, 1977 Age: 40

Civil Status: Married Religion: Roman Catholic
Place of Birth: Cebu City Wife: Cecille Yngente Tiu
Height: 170 cms Daughter: Julia Katherine Yngente Tiu
Weight: 85 kgs Son: James Andrei Yngente Tiu

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:

Educational Name of School Yr. Graduated

Attainment

Post University of Visayas (Cebu) On-going

Graduate Dissertation
Doctor of Philosophy Major in Public
Administration & Governance
 79

Graduate Southwestern University (SWU) 2013-2014

Master in Public Administration

Adventist University of the Philippines 2000-2002

(AUP)
Master in Business Administration

Tertiary Philippine National Police Academy 2000-2003

Bachelor in Public Safety

University of San Jose Recoletos 1994-1999

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Vocational/ Don Bosco Technical High School 1990-1994

Trade Course Machine Shop

Secondary Don Bosco Technical High School 1990-1994

Primary Don Bosco Technical High School 1987-1990

ELIGIBILITIES:

Police Executive Service Eligibility (PESE) Top 1

NAPOLCOM Inspector Exam

Testimonial NAPOLCOM

Board Passer RA 1080 (Civil Engineer)

ASSIGNMENT RECORD:

Designation Unit/Institution Inclusive Date(s) of

Service

Acting COP Batangas City Police Station Nov 2017

Officer-in- Cabuyao City Police Station March 2017

Charge
 80

Chief, PTCFOR Office of the Chief PNP, Permit to Carry March 2017
Firearms Outside of Residence
Secretariat

Deputy Chief, Office of the Chief PNP, Permit to Carry 2016-2017

PTCFOR Firearms Outside of Residence
Secretariat

Admin Officer Office of the Chief PNP, Admin Office June 2016

Acting Station Cebu City Police Office, Station 4 June 2016

Commander

Student Schooling (ITG) 2015-2016

Chief, LED Regional Headquarters, Police Regional 2015

Office 7, Law Enforcement Division

Station Cebu City Police Office, Station 2 2014-2015

Commander

Station Cebu City Police Office, Station 3 2013-2014

Commander

Station Cebu City Police Office, Station 3 2012-2013

Commander

Chief, Operation Cebu City Police Office 2012

Branch

Chief, HRDD Regional Headquarters, Police Regional 2011-2012

Office 7, RPHRDD

Regional Headquarters, Police Regional 2011

Office 7

Police Liaison Joint Logistic Operation Center 2010-2011

Officer JLOC
United Nations African Mission in Darfur
 81

Team Leader Rapid Deployment Battalion, Special 2008-2010

Action Force

Schooling (PPSC) 2008

Team Leader Rapid Deployment Battalion, Special 2007-2008

Action Force

Schooling (PPSC) 2006-2007

HRDD, Special Action Force 2006

Team Leader 4th SAB, Special Action Force 2006

Team Leader Rapid Deployment Battalion, Special 2004-2006

Action Force

Pilot Air Unit, Special Action Force 2004

Special Action Force 2003-2004

TRAININGS/WORKSHOPS/SEMINARS ATTENDED:

Tactical Commanders Course Oct 2017

HRDD, Los Banos Laguna

Chief-of-Police Qualification Course 2017

RSTU, Camp Vicente Lim, Calamba City

Police Intelligence Officer Course 2015-2016

Intelligence Training Group, Camp Crame

Executive Motorcycle Riding Course 2014

Highway Patrol Group, PRO7

 82

Investigation Officer Basic Course 2013-2014

Regional Investigation and Management Division,
PRO 7

Hostage Negotiation and Crisis Management 2013

PNP Training Service

Logistics Management Course 2012

PNP Training Service, Camp Crame

Human Rights Instructor Development Course 2012

PNP Training Service, Camp Crame

Public Safety Officers Advance Course 2008

National Police College, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City

Public Safety Officers Basic Course 2006

National Police College, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City

Basic Pilot Training Course Fixed (Private) 2005-2006

San Fernando Airport, San Fernando City, La Union

Ground Instructor Course 2006

SAF Air Unit, Pasay City

Basic Pilot Training Course (Commercial) 2004

SAF Air Unit, Pasay City

Basic Airborne Course 2004

Camp Bagong Diwa, Taguig City

Special Action Force Commando Course 2003

SAF Training School, Fort Santo Domingo, Sta. Rosa
City, Laguna

ACHIEVEMENTS/MEDALS/AWARDS/COMMENDATIONS:

Medalya ng Kagalingan
October 30, 2017
PCSUPT MAO R APLASCA

Letter of Commendation
December 12, 2016
 83

Comm Rogelio T Casurao

Medalya ng Kasanayan
November 14, 2016
PDG DELA ROSA

Medalya ng Papuri
August 16, 2016
PCSUPT TALINO

Medalya ng Kasanayan
June 21, 2016
PCSUPT COMENDADOR JR

Medalya ng Papuri
May 23, 2016
PCSUPT COMENDADOR JR

Tsapa ng Natatanging Unit

May 12, 2016

PDG MARQUEZ

Medalya ng Papuri
April 12, 2016
PCSUPT COMENDADOR JR

Medalya ng Papuri
December 10, 2015
PCSUPT GAERLAN

Medalya ng Kasanayan
December 09, 2015
PCSUPT BANAS

Letter of Commendation
November 26, 2015
PDG MARQUEZ

Medalya ng Kasanayan
November 9, 2015
PCSUPT BANAS
 84

Medalya ng Papuri
October 28, 2015
PCSUPT BANAS

Medalya ng Kasanayan
September 22, 2015
PCSUPT BANAS

Authority to Wear MC Riders Badge

July 27, 2015
PCSUPT GUNNACAO

Medalya ng Kasanayan
February 20, 2015
PCSUPT BANAS

Medalya ng Papuri
February 11, 2015
PCSUPT BANAS

Authority to Wear MC Riders Badge

October 8, 2014
PCSUPT SUBONG

Medalya ng Papuri
September 17, 2014
PCSUPT CONSTANTINO

Medalya ng Papuri
July 11, 2014
PCSUPT BANAS

Medalya ng Papuri
February 7, 2014
PCSUPT CONSTANTINO

Medalya ng Kasanayan
December 6, 2013
PCSUPT CONSTANTINO

Gawad ng Kaunlaran
November 23, 2013
LT GEN DEVERATURDA
 85

Medalya ng Papuri
May 30, 2013
PCSUPT GARBO JR

Medalya ng Papuri
May 7, 2013
PCSUPT GARBO JR

Medalya ng Kasanayan
January 10, 2013
PCSUPT GARBO JR

Medalya ng Papuri
July 6, 2012
PCSUPT GARBO JR

Medalya ng Paglilingkod sa Visayas

April 18, 2012
PCSUPT GARBO JR

Medalya ng Kasanayan
April 10, 2012
PCSUPT GARBO JR

Medalya ng Kadakilaan
July 16, 2010
PDIR SANTIAGO JR

Medalya ng Kasanayan
June 28, 2010
PDIR SANTIAGO JR

Medalya ng Kasanayan
March 11, 2010
PDIR SANTIAGO JR

Medalya ng Papuri
July 30, 2009
PCSUPT SANTIAGO JR

Medalya ng Sugatang Magiting

May 16, 2007
 86

Medalya ng Papuri
February 12, 2007

Tsapa ng Kuwalipikasyon
December 17, 2005
PSSUPT FELIX

Medalya ng Kasanayan
November 2, 2005

Medalya ng Mabuting Asal

September 22, 2005

Medalya ng Papuri
April 20, 2005

Medalya ng Kasanayan
September 6, 2004

Medalya ng Kasanayan
September 6, 2004

Parachutists’ Badge
May 3, 2004

Rigger Badge
May 3, 2004

Medalya ng Paglilingkod sa Luzon

February 6, 2004

Medalya ng Kasanayan
June 12, 2003

Medalya ng Papuri
June 4, 2003

SPEAKING ENGAGEMENTS:

“Leadership,” on May 22, 2017 during Chief of Police Qualification

Course at Camp Vicente Lim, Calamba City

“Police Leadership of Highly Effective People,” on 2016 during the

 87

Police Intelligence Officer Course at Intelligence Training Group, Camp

Crame

AFFILIATIONS:

Lions Club International Kabanay Vice President

Free and Accepted Mason Lodge Nilad #12 Member
Sigma Alpha Epsilon Member

COUNTRIES VISITED:

Saudi Arabia (Riyadh) 2017

Taiwan (Taipei) 2017

United States of America

Chicago 2017
New York 2017
Arizona 2015
California (Los Angeles, San Francisco) 2015
Florida (Orlando, Tampa, South Beach 2015
Miami) 2015
Washington DC 2015
Virginia (Quantico) 2015
New Jersey 2015
New York 2015
North Carolina 2015
Nevada (Las Vegas) 2010
Louisiana 2010
Florida (Ditona, Orlando) 2010
New Jersey 2010
New York 2010
Texas (Houston, Lufkin)

Hong Kong 2015

Egypt (Cairo) 2010

 88

Qatar 2010

Uganda (Kampala, Entebe) 2009

South Sudan 2009
Sudan (Khartum, Darfur, Nyla, El Fasher, 2009
Mujajeria, El Ginina)

PROMOTION RECORD:

Rank Status Authority Effectivity

Police Superintendent Permanent GO#1710, NHQ 07/22/2016

Police Chief Inspector Permanent GO#67, NHQ 01/22/2010

Police Senior Inspector Permanent GO#693, NHQ 12/31/2006

Police Inspector Permanent GO#619, NHQ 04/14/2003

PNPA Cadet Temporary 05/08/2000

CHARACTER REFERENCES:

PDG RONALD M DELA ROSA (02) 721-6620

Camp Rafael T Crame, Quezon City

PCSUPT MA.O R APLASCA (049) 531-2293

Camp Vicente Lim, Calamba City

PSSUPT CECILIO R ISON (049) 304-2018

Kampo Paciano Rizal, Sta. Cruz, Laguna

 89

Appendix H

Curriculum Vitae of Co-Researcher

MARIA FE PLANCO-IMBONG, PhD

PERSONAL PROFILE

Date of Birth : July 19, 1957

E-mail Address : fe_imbong@yahoo.com

fe.realestateproperties@gmail.com

Mobile Number : 0917792-4496 / 340-5539

Home Address : Logarta-Imbong Compound

Gun-ob, Lapu-Lapu City

 90

ACADEMIC PROFILE

Post Graduate Doctor of Philosophy in Public

Administration
Graduated May, 2013
Dissertation entitled:
“Situational Analysis of the Urban
Informal Settlers in Cebu City. ”
Graduated with the Honor of
“ Benemeritus”
University of Bohol
Tagbilaran City

Master in Public Administration

Graduated March, 2005
Cebu Normal University
Cebu City

Tertiary St Theresa’s College

Bachelor of Science in Commerce Major in
Accounting
1978 Cebu City

Awards/Scholarships
1) ABOITIZ SCHOLAR GRANTEE 1976-1978
2) CERTIFICATE OF COMMUNITY SERVICE & INVOLVEMENT
-For Leadership & Commitment As CESDev Coordinator for UC Commerce
& -Accountancy CESDev Program For S.Y. 2005-2009.
3) Volunteer’s Service Award 2006
 91

4) Volunteer’ Service Award 2007

5) Graduated with Benemeritus Award PhD In Public Administration ( TOR )

Researcher February 2013 up to October 2013

1. Team Member DTI Research on LOCAL ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVENESS INDEX FOR
CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES OF CEBU PROVINCE
2. Team Member DTI Research on LOCAL ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVENESS INDEX FOR
CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES OF BOHOL PROVINCE
3. Team Member DTI Research on LOCAL ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVENESS INDEX FOR
CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES OF SIQUIJOR PROVINCE
4. Team Member DTI Research on LOCAL ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVENESS INDEX FOR
CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES OF NEGROS ORIENTAL
5. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF
THE STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF LAPU-LAPU
6. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF DANAO
7. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF MANDAUE
8. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF MINGLANILLA
9. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF DUMAGUETE
10. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE CITY OF BAYAWAN
11. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF SIQUIJOR
 92

12. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE

STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF CALAPE
13. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF LOON
14. Team Member DTI Research on VALIDATION OF THE
STREAMLINING BUSINESS PERMITS AND LICENSING
SYSTEM PROGRAM FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF VALENCIA

CHED-ZRC RESEARCHES

1. GIA 2009 Entitled “ Customer Satisfaction in Power Services in Cebu City”

Team Member
2. GIA 2010 Entitled “ Situational Analysis of Micro
Enterprises in the Underground Economy of Cebu City”
Team Leader

CNU RESEARCH

1. Research Paper on the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises entitled “ The
Feasibility Study of Business Center and Internet Café”
Lead Researcher (solo)

RAFI FUNDED RESEARCH

1. Growing up in Cebu: The Well-being, Aspiration and Life Satisfaction of Young Adult in
Cebu
Study Leader/ Lead Researcher
Presentation of Research Output:

1. Presented the Research entitled “ Situational Analysis of Selected Micro

Enterprises in the Underground Economy of Cebu City” during the
Bi-Annual University Research Forum on February 17 2012 Certificate
signed by CHED ZRC Director Elizabeth M. Remedio, PhD;
Danilo B. Largo, PhD and Fr. Anthony S. Salas, SVD.

2. Presented the Article entitled “ In the Eyes of the Migrant Transportation

Drivers of Cebu City: A Socio-economic Perspective” part of the
CHED-ZRC GIA 2010 during the Philippine Population
Association Annual Scientific Conference on Feb 7, 2013
at Quest Hotel, Cebu City signed by Maria Midea M. Kabamalan
 93

President and Francisco M. Largo, Chair Organizing Committee.

APPROVED INTERNATIONAL PRESENTATION:

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN ACCOUNTING & MANAGEMENT

EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(ICAMERP)
Theme: “Towards a Borderless Business World”
UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS
February 24 to 26, 2014
University of the Cordilleras, Baguio City, Philippines
(with Letter of Acceptance)

SIBR-HK 2014 CONFERENCE (Hong Kong) ON INTERDISCIPLINARY

BUSINESS & ECONOMICS RESEARCH
September 27th - 28th, 2014
Organized By:
Society of Interdisciplinary Business Research (SIBR) and Research & Development Institute of
Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University (RDINRRU).

HEI ACADEMIC EXPERIENCES

1) University of the Visayas- Graduate School of Business

Coordinator
June 1, 2017 up to the present

2) University of the Visayas- Graduate School of Business

Graduate School Part time Professor
November 2013 up to June1, 2017

3) Cebu Doctors University

College of Arts & Sciences
November 2014 up to present

4) University of San Carlos- School of Business & Economics-BA Department

Full Time Instructor June 2012 up to October 2013
1. Teaching Legal Research
2. Teaching Business Research
3. Teaching Financial Management
4. Teaching Marketing Management
5. Teaching Management Fundamentals
6. Teaching Real Estate Management courses
 94

5) University of Cebu – Main Campus

2002-2012 SENIOR INSTRUCTOR A
TASKS:
– teaching Marketing Management with Emphasis on the Chain of
Distribution;
– teaching Supply Chain Management / Logistics Management;
– teaching Basic Finance—New Generation Currency, New Design Currency,
The New BSP, Consumer Laws, Monetary & Fsical Policy,
Financial Indicator, Insurance Business;
– teaching Management Principles;
– teaching Human Behavior in the Organization;
– teaching Research subject

COMMUNITY EXTENSION SERVICES INVOLVEMENT

– Organizing Sapang Daku Community GAD in Income Generating Programs S.Y.
2006-2007
– Community Extension Coordinator 1st Semester 2007-2008.
– Community Extension Coordinator 2nd Semester 2007-2008.
– Community Extension Coordinator 1st Semester 2008-2009.
– Community Extension Coordinator 2nd Semester 2008-2009.

Seminar on Research:

Seminar –Workshop on Phenomenology

October 27-30, 2017
Mabuhay Manor Hotel, Pasay City
DR. Safari Wa-Mbaleka

Seminar Workshop on Grounded Theory

November 27-30, 2017
NHotel, Cagayan De Oro City
DR. Safari Wa-Mbaleka

OTHER INDUSTRY EXPERIENCES:

Formerly Aboitiz Shipping Corporation ( Aboitiz Transport System)

Financial Analyst
Cebu City
1978 up to 1981

Pilipinas Makro Inc.

Km.21 East Service Road, South Super Hiway, Sucat, Alabang Muntinlupa City
Audit & Logistics Manager 2000
 95

Mobilcom ( Universal Telecommunication Inc.) –May 1996-1998

A Marsman-Drysdale Group of Company
JRDC Bldg. Osmena Blvd., Cebu City
Operations Support Manager –for Visayas & Mindanao

Plantation Bay, Mactan 1996

General Cashier

CITIBANK N.A. Philippines ( Makati & Cebu )

May 1981 up to February 1996
Various Positions
Teller, Operation Support Staff, Mastercard and VISA Card Authorizer, Citicare

G.D. Searle – An Affiliate of Unilab

Medical Service Representative

Aboitiz Shipping Corporation

Senior Budget Analyst 1978-1979
Financial Analyst 1979-1981

SKILLS/PROFICIENCY
1. Service Plus Facilitator
2. Customer Service KeyNote Speaker for Cebu Chamber of Commerce
3. Computer Literate – Microsoft Word, Excel and Powerpoint

Government Examination Taken:

1. Civil Service Professional Examination
Test taken: February 6, 2002 Rating: 83.51%
2. Professional Regulation Commission REB # 0013898 Rating: 80%
Test taken: March 2012

Membership in Organization:
1) Philippine Population Association
2) Philippine Institute of Real Estate Service Practitioners (PhilRES), Incorporated
Mandaue City Chapter
3) PDP- Laban, Chapter Secretary, Lapu Lapu City
 96

Appendix I

RA 10592

Excerpt of PTCFOR

The study is the first of its kind in the Philippines as the researcher was the former

head of the PTCFOR Secretariat. PTCFOR or Permit to carry firearms outside residence

is discussed in the Republic Act 10591 otherwise known as the Comprehensive and

“Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act”.

Section 3.54 of RA 10591 defines Permit to Carry Firearm Outside of Residence

(PTCFOR) as it refers to a written authority issued to a licensed 5/39 citizen by the Chief,

PNP which entitles such person to carry his/her registered or lawfully issued firearm

outside of the residence for the duration and purpose specified in the authority.

It requires one to be a holder of the License to Own and Possessed Firearms

which was discussed in details as provided for by Rule II, Section 4 of RA 10591.

Section 4 of RA 10591 is about the Standards and Requisites for Issuance of and

Obtaining a License to Own and Possess Firearms. It provides that in order to qualify

and acquire a license to own and possess a firearm or firearms and ammunition, the

applicant must be: a) a Filipino citizen; b) at least twenty-one (21) years old at the time of

the filing of his/her written application to own and possess a firearm or firearms; (c) has

gainful work, occupation, or business or has filed an Income Tax Return (ITR) for the

preceding year as proof of income, profession, business or occupation. A Filipino citizen

 97

shall refer to those who are mentioned in Section 1, Article IV of the 1987 Constitution.

Those who are considered with “dual citizenship” pursuant to RA No. 9225, otherwise

known as “Citizenship Retention and Reacquisition Act of 2003”, may also enjoy the

privilege granted herein provided that they comply with all the standards and requisites

set forth therein. An individual who is physically challenged may be allowed to own and

possess firearm/s provided that he/she can safely, efficiently and effectively operate and

use said firearm. The written application to own and possess firearm/s shall be filed at

the FEO, in three (3) legible copies duly notarized, and must be accompanied by the

original copy of the following requirements: a) Clearances issued by the Regional Trial

Court (RTC) and Municipal/Metropolitan Trial Court (MTC) that has jurisdiction over

the place where the applicant resides and/or the Sandiganbayan as the case may be,

showing that he/she has not been convicted by final judgment of a crime involving moral

turpitude or that he/she has not been convicted or is currently an accused in any pending

criminal case before any court of law for a crime that is punishable with a penalty of

more than two (2) years; b) Neuro-psychiatric clearance issued by the PNP Health

Service and its accredited psychologist or psychiatrist; c) A certification that the applicant

has passed the drug test conducted by PNP Crime Laboratory or any accredited and

authorized drug testing laboratory or clinic. d) A certification that the applicant has

passed a gun safety and responsible gun ownership seminar which is administered by the

PNP or a registered and authorized gun club; e) National Police Clearance; f) NSO Birth

Certificate; g) Proof of Latest Billing; h) At least two valid IDs (one Government issued

ID); i) Income Tax Return (ITR), Certificate of Employment, Business permit or any

appropriate document as proof of income; j) For Government Employee (Copy of

 98

Appointment Order, Oath of Office); k) For Military Reservists (J9 Clearance); 7/39 l)

For Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) (Certificate of Employment); and m) Retired

Government Employee (Retirement Order or appropriate document). 4.5 The payment for

the License to Own and Possess Firearm shall be done after the approval of the

application. The Order of Payment (OP) shall be issued by the FEO and the actual

payment shall be made by the applicant to Land Bank of the Philippines or any

government bank. The subsequent acquittal of the applicant whose application was

previously denied or was not given due course by reason of the pending criminal case or

the permanent dismissal thereof is a ground for the re-filing of the application. A

licensed citizen who has at least sixteen (16) firearms upon the effectivity of this IRR

shall be automatically certified as a gun collector and shall secure a Type 5 License to

Own and Possess Firearms. A qualified applicant shall submit the following

requirements to be a certified gun collector to the FEO: a) A copy of the License to Own

and Possess Firearms (Type 3 and Type 4); and b) Certification of updated Firearm

Registration. A qualified applicant citizen shall submit the following requirements to

apply as antique firearm collector: a) A copy of the License to Own and Possess

Firearms; and b) Certification from the National Museum that the firearm is antique (as

the case may be). A qualified applicant shall submit the following requirements to apply

as a sports shooter: a) A copy of the License to Own and Possess Firearms; b)

Certification from the President of a recognized Gun Club or Sports Shooting

Association; and c) Written Authority or Consent from Parents/Guardian (for minors).

The Duty Detail Order (DDO) shall be signed by the authorized firearm bonded

custodian and the operations officer that authorizes the company guard force and/or
 99

security guard/s with License to Exercise Security Profession (LESP) issued by SOSIA to

possess and use a firearm registered to and owned by his/her employer in line with or in

the performance of his/her assigned task/duty. The Duty Detail Order (DDO) of LGU

shall be signed by the Local Chief Executive, Chief of Police/Provincial Director and

authorized bonded firearm custodians, that authorizes the following to possess and use

firearm/s registered to and owned by LGU in line with or in the performance of his/her

assigned task/duty: a) Security officer with Civil Service Commission (CSC)-approved

plantilla position assigned in the supervision of the security personnel of the LGU; b)

Security officer with CSC-approved plantilla position assigned in the supervision and

security of facilities owned by LGU; c) Security officer with CSC-approved plantilla

position in charge with the security of the Local Chief Executive; and d) Security officer

with CSC-approved plantilla position assigned to secure the financial resources of the

LGU.

Section 7 of the RA 10591 provides for Carrying of Firearms Outside of

Residence or Place of Business. A permit to carry firearms outside of residence or place

of business shall be issued by the Chief, PNP or his/her duly authorized representative to

the licensed citizen allowing him/her to carry the firearm outside the residence or place of

business. A licensed citizen whose life is under actual threat or imminent danger may

apply for the issuance of a PTCFOR. The written application made under oath and duly

notarized shall be filed together with the threat assessment certificate issued by the PNP.

For purposes of this Act, the following professionals are considered to be in imminent

danger due to the nature of their profession, occupation or business and hence are not
 100

required to submit threat assessment certificates: a) Members of the Philippine Bar; b)

Certified Public Accountants; c) Accredited media practitioners from recognized media

institutions; Cashiers and bank tellers; d) Priests, Ministers, Rabbi, Imams; e) Physicians

and nurses; and f) Businessmen, who by the nature of their business or undertaking duly

recognized or regulated by law, are exposed to high risk of being targets of criminal

elements. Licensed sports shooter may apply for PTCFOR that will cover three (3)

firearms at one time inclusive of the allowed quantity of ammunition mentioned in

Section 12. The PTCFOR shall serve as a waiver on the part of the licensed citizen for

concerned law enforcement agents to inspect and verify the firearm/s covered by the said

PTCFOR when carried outside of residence. Special Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of

Residence shall be granted by the Chief, PNP through PTCFORSecretariat to government

employees who will use their privately owned and registered small arms for a specific

law enforcement purpose. Special Permit to Carry Firearms Outside of Residence shall

be granted by the Chief, PNP through the Chief, FEO to individuals who are part of peace

process negotiation other than members of the government peace negotiating panel.

Members of the PNP, AFP and other Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) may carry their

licensed privately-owned firearms, in furtherance of their official duties and functions,

subject to the following conditions: a) With License to Own and Possess Firearms

(LTOPF) and Firearm Registration Card; b) With valid PTCFOR; and c) With valid

LO/MO. Members of the PNP, AFP and other Law Enforcement Agencies must apply

for a PTCFOR-LEA, in order to be 11/39 authorized to carry the corresponding

government-issued firearm outside of residence: a) The Police Regional Director or his

equivalent in the AFP and other law enforcement agencies, shall endorse to the Chief,
 101

PNP all application for PTCFOR-LEA; b) The application must be accompanied by the

latest appointment order of the personnel applying for PTCFOR-LEA and a certificate of

non-pending case duly issued for the purpose; c) The PTCFOR-LEA shall be issued only

by the Chief, PNP through PTCFOR-Secretariat and shall be valid only for one (1) year;

d) The fees to be charged in the filling of application for PTCFOR-LEA shall only be in

such minimal amount corresponding to the actual administrative cost necessary for the

issuance of the permit, as may be determined by the PNP; and e) The PTCFOR-LEA

should always be accompanied by the corresponding Memorandum

Receipt/Acknowledgment Receipt of Equipment (MR/ARE); Letter Order/Mission

Order (LO/MO) shall be issued by the authorized Head of Office. The scope of the

LO/MO shall only be within the jurisdiction of the issuing Authority. The following

guidelines regarding the manner of carrying firearms shall be observed: For Members of

the PNP, AFP and other LEAs ; a) When carried while in agency-prescribed uniform,

firearms shall be placed in a holster securely attached to the belt, except for military

pilots in flying uniforms and crew of armored vehicles who may carry their firearms in

shoulder holster; b) When the agency-prescribed uniform does not include holster, or for

those authorized to carry firearms outside of residence or of official station while in

civilian attire, the firearms shall be concealed unless actually used for legitimate purpose.

Displaying a firearm, when not used for a legitimate purpose, is prohibited; Violation of

this provision shall be subject for immediate revocation of the License to Own and

Possess Firearms and Firearm Registration. c) The practice of flagrantly displaying a

firearm while in uniform or in civilian attire is prohibited; and d) Only such firearms

specially described in corresponding MR/ARE or LO/MO or PTCFOR LEA shall be

 102

carried. For All Other Persons: (including members of the PNP, AFP and other LEAs in

civilian attire) a) Display of firearms is prohibited. The firearms must always be

concealed; Violation of this provision shall be subject for immediate revocation of the

License to Own and Possess Firearms and Firearm Registration. b) The firearm must be

secured inside a vehicle or a motor cycle compartment. The following other restriction

shall likewise be observed: a) PTCFOR-LEA is non-transferable; b) The firearm shall not

be brought inside places of worship, public drinking and amusement places and all other

commercial or public establishment. c) The PTCFOR-LEA must be carried together with

the valid MR/ARE, or MO/LO as the case may be. 12/39 d) Expired, revoked, cancelled,

or nullified License to Own and Possess Firearm and firearm registration will

automatically invalidate the corresponding PTCFOR-LEA. Authority to Issue Mission

Order Involving the Carrying of Firearm The following are authorized to issue mission

orders with provisions which may entitle the bearer thereof to carry his issued/licensed

firearm and ammunition for the duration of such mission. For officers, men and regular

civilian agents of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) a) The Chief of Staff, AFP;

b) Chiefs of the General/Special/technical and Personal Staffs; c) Commanders of the

AFP Major Services including the Chiefs of their respective General/special/Technical

and Personal Staffs; d) Commanders and Chiefs of Staffs of AFPWSSUs and major

commands/units of the AFP and the Major Services; e) Commanders of the battalions and

higher units and their equivalent in the Philippine Air Force and Philippine Navy f)

Commanders of AFP intelligence units from GHQ AFP down to regional command

levels g) Detachment commanders in remote areas whose higher commanders are not

easily available to issue such orders. For members of the Philippine National Police
 103

(PNP): a) Police Director General b) Deputy Director General for Admin and Operation ;

c) The Chief Directorial Staff; d) Directors, The Directorate Office; e) Directors NSUs

(NASU/NOSU); f) Regional Directors; g) District Directors of NCRPO; h) Inspector

General of IAS; and i) Provincial Director/City Director. For members of the National

Bureau of Investigation: a) The Director; b) The Deputy Director; and c) Regional

Directors. For agents of the National Intelligence and Coordinating Authority (NICA): a)

The Director-General, NICA; and b) The General Manager. 13/39 7.13.5 For members of

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology: a) The Director-General, BJMP; and b) The

Deputy Director; and c) Regional Directors. For Other Law Enforcement Agencies: a)

Department Head/Bureau Head; and b) Head of Regional Offices. In case of Permit to

Transport (PTT), the magazine (loaded/unloaded) shall be carried separately from the

firearm except for law enforcement personnel with Letter Order/Mission Order (LO/MO)

or security personnel with Duty Detail Order (DDO).

Under Rule III, Registration and Licensing, Section 8.4 – Authority to issue

License provides that all government employees, retirees from the government service,

military reservists or senior citizens shall only pay the card fee for PTCFOR. Section 19

is about Renewal of Licenses and Registration. All types of licenses to own and possess

a firearm shall be renewed every two (2) years within six (6) months before the birthdate

of the licensee. Failure to renew the license on or before the birthdate shall cause the

revocation of the license and of the registration of the firearm/s under said license. 28/39.

The registration of the firearm shall be renewed every four (4) years within six (6)

months before its expiration. Failure to renew the registration of the firearm on or before
 104

the expiration of its registration shall cause the revocation of the registration of the

firearm and the same shall be subject to revocation proceedings. Failure to renew a

license or registration within the period stated above on two (2) occasions shall cause the

holder of the firearm to be perpetually disqualified from applying for firearm license. In

meritorious cases, however, the Chief PNP, as recommended by the Chief, FEO, may

allow the further enjoyment of the privilege under these rules subject to certain

conditions which may be deemed appropriate to impose. It shall be the obligation of the

licensee thereof to surrender the said firearm to the police office or station with

jurisdiction over the place where he/she resides within fifteen (15) days. Failure to

surrender within such period shall cause the filing of appropriate charges for violation of

the law. For purposes of renewal of the License to Own and Possess Firearms, the

following requirements shall be submitted: a) Written application duly accomplished (3

legible copies); b) Copy of the Original License to Own and Possess Firearms; c) Proof

of latest Billing; d) National Police Clearance; e) Neuro-Psychiatric Clearance; f) Drug

Test Clearance; and g) Two valid IDs (one government issued ID). For purposes of

renewal of the Long Regular Registration for juridical entity, the following requirements

shall be submitted: a) Written application duly accomplished (3 legible copies) ; b) Copy

of the LRR; c) Proof of latest Billing; d) Two valid IDs (one government issued ID) ; e)

Firearm Records Verification; f) Clearances of Company Representative; and g) License

to Operate issued by SOSIA. For purposes of renewal of the Long Certificate of

Registration of LGU, the following requirements shall be submitted: a) Written

application duly accomplished (3 legible copies) ; b) Copy of the LCR; c) Firearm

Records Verification; and 29/39 d) Clearances of Government Representative. For

 105

purposes of renewal of the Long Regular Registration of PSAs, the following

requirements shall be submitted: a) Written application duly accomplished (3 legible

copies); b) Copy of the LRR; c) Proof of Latest Billing; d) Firearm Records Verification;

e) Clearances of Company Representative; and f) License to Operate (SOSIA). For

purposes of renewal of the Registration of Firearm/s, the licensed citizen shall submit the

following requirements: a) Copy of the License to Own and Possess Firearms; b) Firearm

Registration Card; c) Firearms Bond; d) Proof of latest billing; and e) Certificate of

Records of Ballistics Testing and Stencil for firearms purchased prior to year 2010. For

purposes of renewal of the firearm registration under Juridical entity, the licensed

juridical entity shall submit the following requirements: a) Copy of the License to Own

and Possess Firearms; b) Copy of the License to Operate issued by SOSIA; c) Lists of

Firearms with Recapitulation; d) Latest Monthly Disposition Report (MDR) ; e) Copy of

the Firearm Registration; f) Firearm Bond; g) Certificate of Records of Ballistics Testing

and Stencil for firearms purchased prior to year 2010; h) Certificate of Verification of

Firearms; and i) Firearm Records Verification. The application for the renewal of the

license or firearm registration shall be submitted to the FEO within six (6) months before

the expiration of such license or registration. The applicants shall submit all the

requirements mentioned in Section 4 of this IRR.

106
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