Presentation Transcript

1. Sustainable Architectural Built Environment - A Presentation

2. Contents • Approach to Sustainability • Energy Efficient Design & Process • Design Strategies in
Various Climates zones of India • Introduction to Renewable Energy sources A case study on Indira
Paryavaran Bhawan
3. Approach to Sustainability • Climate responsive • hot-dry, warm-humid, • composite, • temperate •
cold climate • sun path movements, annual wind directions rainfall • Selection of building materials
shall be based on local Architecture.
4. Energy Efficient Design & Processes • Climatic zone of the site • Adopt passive architectural
design • Reduce the hard paved areas • retain the mature trees. • Use of low energy or passive
heating or cooling.
5. Site Design & Development • Protect • Agricultural lands • Floodplains • Forest areas • Water
bodies such as lakes, ponds etc. • Preserve top soil and existing vegetation.
6. Site Planning • A well-planned and optimally oriented building :- • Passive solar heating • Solar heat
gain. • Natural ventilation. • High-quality day lighting • Storm water runoff. • Protect open space. •
Reduce the risk of soil - erosion.
7. Passive Architecture Design • Based upon climate considerations • Attempts to control comfort •
Orientation of the building • Building envelope (plan, section) to control air flow • Uses materials to
control heat • Maximizes use of free solar energy • Maximizes use of free ventilation for cooling •
Uses shade (natural or architectural) to control heat gain
8. Differentiating Passive vs. Active Design Passive design results when a building is created and
simply works “on its own”. Active design uses equipment to modify the state of the building, create
energy and comfort; ie. Fans, pumps, etc.
9. Climatic zones of India Hot & Dry Warm & Humid Composite Temperate Cold
10. Design Strategies in Hot & Dry Climate • Large openings • Windows area. • Internal courtyard for
cross ventilation & thermal buffer • Radiation barriers in the form of canopies, chhajjas, long
verandahs etc.
11. Design Strategies in Warm &Humid Climate • Orientation should preferably be in North-South
direction. • Provide maximum cross ventilation in the building.
13. Design Strategies in Composite Climate NORTH CROSS VENTILATION AT THE MICRO LEVEL
THROUGH OPENINGS Plan the building around the courtyard. Reduce heat gain in the building
through building envelope. Plan water bodies cavity walls, terrace gardens, light shelves.
14. Design Strategies in Temperate Climate cavity walls, terrace gardens, green roof, light shelves
Roof insulation using insulation material, china clay or clay pots is advisable.
15. Design Strategies in Cold Climate • Glazing windows up to 25% floor area • Double glazing to
avoid heat losses during winter nights. • Adopt Trombe walls. • Sunspaces
16. Building Envelope • Reduction in energy consumption by HVAC system. • The thermal energy
efficiency of the building Internal Heat Gain Factors:- • Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC): • solar
heat that passes through the glazing . The lower the SHGC, the lesser the direct incident heat gains
from the glazing surfaces.
17. Strategies for Designing Building Envelope
18. Solar Transmission Through Glass Solar radiation Reflected off of the glass.. Absorbed into the
glass,. Initial transmission through the glass – as once the heat is in, it is IN.
19. Solar Transmission through Varying Types of Glass
20. Solar Energy as a Function of Orientation solar energy received on the different facades and roof
of a building . A horizontal window (skylight) receives 4 to 5 times more solar radiation than south
window on June 21. East and West glazing collects almost 3 times the solar radiation of south
window.
21. A simple roof overhang acts as a shading device.
22. External Heat Gain Factors • U – Value: • Amount of heat that gets transmitted through a unit area
of a material for a unit difference in temperature. • The lower the U-Value of the material, the lesser
the heat transfer, and better the thermal efficiency. ECBC recommends the U-values for glazing:
23. Reduction in Overall Embodied Energy low energy materials for construction. Promote the use of
low energy materials in interiors to maintain indoor air quality. sealants and adhesives used are
water based rather than solvent based or have low solvent content.
24. Renewable Energy • Types of Renewable Energy :- • Solar • Biomass • Wind • Water • Geothermal
25. Solar Energy • Solar power is used for hot water & for generating Electricity. Disadvantages • Cost
very high. • Require large area.
26. Wind Energy • Wind is caused due to difference of temperature at the earth’s surface when lit by
sunlight. • Wind Energy can be used to pump water or generate electricity. Disadvantages • Initial
Cost is very High. • Wind Farms are Unsightly and wind turbines are noisy. • Maintenance of wind
mills is very costly.
27. Waste Management Hierarchy
28. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNSTRATEGIES CASE STUDYINDIRA PARAYAVARAN BHAWAN
OFFICE BUILDING FOR MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT&FORESTS . ALIGANJ JORBAGH NEW
DELHI
29. Redevelopment Plan Of Aliganj
30. PROJECT LOCATION 30
31. Executing the Design Brief The excellent location in the heart of Delhi, offers an opportunity to
create a link with the Delhi’s Past.
32. Executing the Design Brief e + With the building’s envelope design & Green concepts, it was ready
to incorporate not only a Net Zero, but an “Energy-Positive” approach.
33. Architectural Design Strategies NORTH • Building form wrapped around a pedestrian-friendly
shaded green open courtyard • A continuous green axis from front of site across the atrium. • Eco
park within the courtyard shall contain a self sustaining low. • Large openings in building form on
South and North sides.
34. Architectural Design Strategies NORTH Conservation of natural soil and trees. Orientation of
building has been planned reduce ingress of solar radiation. Large openings North and South faces.
Green areas have been developed on smaller terraces. Shaded landscape areas to reduce ambient
temperature. Provision of barrier free access . Surrounding open area parking free by providing
adequate parking in the basement.
35. Architectural Design Strategies • The façade has been designed to receive 70% of natural
daylight. • Shading devices • East, West and South to take care of the solar radiations especially in
summer. • On the Southern side of the building terraces have been created to take the winter sun •
Barrier free access to differently-abled persons. • Automated parking in three level basements
36. Site Planning with respect to Nature Natural ventilation due to stack effect • Maximum Ground
Coverage Used (30%) to keep building height comparable to the surroundings • Respecting the Eco-
logic of the site. Building Punctures to Aid Cross Ventilation
37. Energy Conservation Measures
38. Usage of Building configurations for utilizing lessons from nature and traditional built
environments PROJECTIONS INTO THE CENTRAL SPACE FOR SHADING + Shading by
Passages CROSS VENTILATION AT THE MICRO LEVEL THROUGH OPENINGS JAALIS IN THE
LOBBY TO AID CROSS VENTILATION & PREVENT HEAT GAIN R O A D
39. Envelope Design: Natural Ventilation Building punctures are designed to aid cross ventilation
Natural ventilation due to stack effect
40. Layout Plan
41. SECTION AA’ INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAWAN SA-XII, C.P.W.D.
42. Section BB’ INDIRA PARYAVARAN BHAWAN SA-XII, C.P.W.D.
43. Top View
45. WALL SECTIONS High Efficiency Glass, high VLT, low Low U-value Light Shelves for bringing in
diffused sunlight
46. Use of Eco friendly Materials • Fly Ash Brick • Aerated Autoclaved Cement (AAC) Block • Portland
Puzzolona Cement ( with 30 % fly ash ) • Patterned multi-coloured terrazzo flooring with salvaged
stone pieces • Grass Paver Blocks Pavements • Local Stone with Marble Strips • Calcium Silicate
Tiles • Bamboo Jute Composite for Frames & Doors • Low Volatile Organic Compound Paints •
Natural stone for flooring and cladding 46
47. Sustainable Building Features Natural ventilation Solar power generation Solar passive envelope
design including walls & roof insulation & fenestration Efficient electrical equipment as per ECBC
2007 requirements Waste water recycling for Cooling Tower Rain water harvesting Geo thermal
technology for heat rejection of AC system Design inside temperature: 26º C
48. Notable Features of the Building ANet Zero Energy Building Energy demand and generation of
building is 14 lakh KWH Energy Efficiency LPD achieved is 5 watt/sqm as against 11.8 watt/sqm of
ECBC 2007 saving in energy > 50% 450Sft/Tr as against 150sft/Tr in conventional building Electrical
load designed as 4.3 W/Sft as against 10W/sft in conventional building 48
49. Energy Conservation Measures Overall Design Load optimized at 800 KW High Efficiency Solar
Panels for Net Zero Energy efficient T-5 and LED Fixtures Innovative Chilled Beam system for
cooling Water cooled chillers, double skin air handling units with variable frequency drives (VFD)
Geo thermal heat exchange for heat rejection from Air-conditioning system 49
50. Innovation & Design • Geothermal heat rejection • Chilled beam system for HVAC • Regenerative
Lift • High Efficiency Solar panel. • Mechanized car parking. • Low energy EM technology for Bio
digestion of organic waste.
51. Showcasing Biodiversity • Regenerative Architecture keeping the existing balance of nature to
connect outdoor greens and the courtyard greens
52. Showcasing Bio Diversity • Showcase green bio diversity from Bio-climatic regions of Hot Dry,
Composite, Warm Humid, Temperate, Cold Dry & Cold Cloudy • Developing Winter Southside
sunspaces for office Employees
53. THANKS
54. Solid Waste Management Minimize waste generation. Streamline waste segregation. Plan proper
storage, and disposal Promote resource recovery from waste. At the time of the construction allocate
separate space for the collected waste before transferring it to the recycling/disposal station.
55. Internal Heat Gain Factors • LPD Level • EPD Level • Building Occupancy
56. Integrated Water Management • The use of water conservation fixtures. • Landscaping water
requirement reduction. • rain water harvesting • Aquifer recharging • Waste-water recycling • Involve
use of efficient building and plumbing services components. • Minimize the consumption of mains
supply potable water.
57. External Heat Gain Factors • Projection Factor: • PF = A / B • Visible Light Transmittance (VLT):
58. Salient Features Solar power generation Solar passive envelope design including walls & roof
insulation & fenestration Efficient electrical equipment as per ECBC 2007 requirements Waste water
recycling for Cooling Tower Rain water harvesting Design temperature: 26º C (S) / 20º C (W) Natural
ventilation 58
59. INTRODUCTION Land use changedfrom Residential to Government office • Named as Indira
Paryavaran Bhawan • Plot of land measuring 9565 sq.M
60. Types of Radiation Reflective glazing
61. Glazing Characteristics
 Presentation Transcript

2. Sustainable Design and Built Environment By: Engr. Dr. Attaullah Shah
3. Sustainable design
4. Islamic teachings and Environment • We made from water everything living (Quran 21:30) • Have
We not made the earth sustainable (receptacle, have a self sufficiency), For the living and the dead.
(Quran.77/ 25-26) • “And the earth We have spread out (Like a carpet); set thereon Mountains firm
and immovable; And produced therein all kinds of things in due balance. And We have provided
therein Means of subsistence,—for you And for whose sustenance Ye are not responsible.” (15:19-
20) • “It is He who produceth Gardens, with trellises And without, and dates, And tilth with produce
Of all kinds, and olives And pomegranates, Similar (in kind) And different (in variety): Eat of their fruit
In their season, but render The dues that are proper On the day that the harvest Is gathered. But
waste not By excess: for God Loveth not the wasters.” (6:141) • "If any Muslim plants any plant and
a human being or an animal eats of it, he will be rewarded as if he had given that much in charity."
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, 8:41)
5. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: “And to remove a harmful thing from the way is also
sadaqah (a charity).” (Al-Bukhari and Muslim.) • "If the Hour is about to take place while any one of
you has a sapling in his hand, which he can cultivate before it takes place, let him cultivate it for he
will be rewarded for it.“( Prophet PBUH) • The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) says:
"Allah is beautiful and He loves the beautiful." • Allah’s Messenger said the right of the road is
Lowering your gaze, returning greetings, and removing harmful things from the road” (Reported by
Muslim).
6. Layout of presentation Sustainability-Definitions New Technologies and Sustainability Principles of
Sustainable design in built environment Lean Construction principles
7. Sustainability Sustainable developmentgenerally thought of as: • "development that meets the
needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs." definition developed by the Bruntland Commission in 1987 Another concept, thought to be
more solutions-oriented, more inspirational: • “Sustainable developmentis a very simple idea. It is
about ensuring a better quality of life for everyone, now and for generations to come.” • Proctor &
Gamble
8. Sustainability • The dimensions of sustainability are not independent of one another, but instead
intertwine in the tradeoffs that are inherent in any engineering decision. • Interrelationships among
dimensions create the complexity inherent in sustainable engineering design and decision making. •
Perfect sustainability for the earth system is (theoretically) possible • as long as the inhabitants of
Earth consume less energy than supplied by the solar energy budget as long as the sun continues to
shine.
10. Sustainability and Technology • Technology plays a very important role in sustainable
development because it is one of the most significant ways in which we interact with our
environment • Technologies are used: • To extract natural resources • To modify them for human
purposes • To adapt our man-made living space • Technology has created engineered systems that
have given us drastic improvements in the immediate quality of life of many people • Many of these
short term improvements in the immediate quality of life have also extracted a great toll on the
environment • We need to develop and use technologies with sustainability in mind: "sustainable
technologies“ • Sustainable technology • one that promotes a societal move toward sustainability • A
technology that fits well with the goals of sustainable development
11. Sustainability and Technology • Sustainable technologiesmust have the following characteristics
(in addition to meeting traditional engineering requirements and constraints): • Minimize use of
nonrenewable energy and natural resources • Satisfy human needs and aspirations with sensitivity
to cultural context • Have minimal negative impact on the earth's ecosystems
13. Sustainable Built Environment
14. Impact of building on the EnvironmentLaw of Resource Conservation
15. Three basic Principles of Sustainable Building Design • Resource Conservation. • Energy
Conservation • Water Conservation • Material Conservation • Life Cycle Costing • Pre- Building
Phase • Building phase • Post Building Phase. 3. Humane Design • Preservation of Natural
conditions • Urban Design site Planning • Design for humane comfort
16. Future sustainable buildings
18. Principle No1: Economy of Resources • Energy Conservation: • Maximize the use of natural
resources on the site. • In temperate climates, open southern exposure will encourage passive solar
heating; • Deciduous trees provide shade in summer and solar heat gain in winter. • Evergreens
planted on the north of a building will protect it from winter winds, improving its energy efficiency. •
Buildings can be located relative to water onsite to provide natural cooling in summer. • Energy-
conscious Site planning: • Passive solar architecture • Shading in summer, by plants or overhangs •
The wind, or the flow of air: cooling and hygienic effects. • High-performance windows and wall
insulation • Reduced heating and cooling loads require smaller HVAC equip.
19. Alternative sources of energy • Solar, wind, water, and geothermal energy systems are all
commercially available to reduce or eliminate the need for external energy sources. • Electrical and
heating requirements can be met by these systems, or combination of systems, in all climates. • Day
lighting: • Building and window design that utilizes natural light. • Lead to conserving electrical
lighting energy, • Shaving peak electric loads, and reducing cooling energy consumptions. • Day
lighting increases the luminous quality of indoor environments, • Enhancing the psychological well-
being and productivity of indoor occupants. • These qualitative benefits of day lighting can be far
more significant than its energy-savings potential.
20. Passive Solar House design
21. Energy-Efficient Equipment & Appliances • Careful selection of high-efficiency heating, cooling,
and ventilation systems • The initial price of this equipment may be higher than that of less efficient
equipment, but this will be offset by future savings. • Choose Materials with Low Embodied Energy: •
The embodied energy of a material attempts to measure the energy that goes into the entire lifecycle
of building material. • For instance, aluminum has a very high embodied energy because of the large
amount of electricity that must be used to manufacture it from mined bauxite ore; recycled aluminum
requires far less energy to re-fabricate. By choosing materials with low embodied energy, the overall
environmental impact of a building is reduced. • Using local materials over imported materials of the
same type will save transportation energy.
23. Sustainable Building Design
24. Future Solar Energy Houses
26. Water consumed in buildings can be classified as two types: • Gray water Can be easily re-
cycled • Sewage- Need treatment plant • Reuse: • - Rainwater collection • Gray water collection •
Reduction: • Indigenous landscaping — using plants native to the local ecosystem — will also
reduce water consumption. • These plants will have adapted to the local rainfall levels, • The
sprinkler heads should be carefully placed and adjusted to avoid watering the sidewalk and street. •
Low-flow showerheads. • - Vacuum-assist toilets or smaller toilet tanks • Water Conservation:
27. Grey water Reuse system
28. Material Conservation: • Material conserving design and construction • Proper sizing of building
systems • Rehabilitation of existing structures • - Use of reclaimed or recycled materials and
components • - Use of non-conventional building materials
29. Design of a Stadium
30. Material Conservation • Adapt Existing Buildings to New Uses • One of the most straightforward
and effective methods for material conservation is to make use of the resources that already exist in
the form of buildings. • Incorporate Reclaimed or Recycled Materials • Buildings that have to be
demolished should become the resources for new buildings. Many building materials, such as wood,
steel, and glass, are easily recycled into new materials. • Use Materials That Can Be Recycled •
During the process of designing the building and selecting the building materials, look for ways to
use materials that can themselves be recycled. This preserves the energy embodied in their
 manufacture. • Size Buildings and Systems Properly. • A building that is oversized for its designed
purpose, or has oversized systems, will excessively consume materials.
31. Principle 2: Life Cycle Design
32. Pre-building Phase. • Use Materials Made From Renewable Resources. • Use Materials Harvested
or Extracted Without Causing Ecological Damage • Of the renewable materials available, not all can
be obtained without significant environmental effects. Therefore, the architect must be aware of how
various raw materials are harvested and understand the local and global ramifications. • Use
Recycled Materials • Using recycle materials reduces waste and saves scarce land-fill space.
Recycled materials also preserve the embodied energy of their original form, which would otherwise
be wasted. • Use Materials with Long Life and Low Maintenance • Durable materials last longer and
require less maintenance with harsh cleansers.
33. Building phase • Minimize Site Impact • Careful planning can minimize invasion of heavy equipment
and the accompanying ecosystem damage to the site. • Excavations should not alter the flow of
groundwater through the site • Finished structures should respect site topology and existing
drainage. • Trees and vegetation should only be removed when absolutely necessary for access •
Employ Nontoxic Materials The use of nontoxic materials is vital to the health of the building’s
occupants, who typically spend more than three-quarters of their time indoors.
34. Post Building Phase: • Reuse the Building. • The embodied energy of a building is considerable. It
includes not only the sum of energy embodied in the materials, but also the energy that went into the
building’s construction. • Where complete reuse of a building is not possible, individual components
can be selected for reuse — windows, doors, bricks, and interior fixtures are all excellent candidates.
• Recycle Materials • Recycling materials from a building can often be difficult due to the difficulty in
separating different substances from one another. • Some materials, like glass and aluminum, must
be scavenged from the building by hand. • Reuse Existing Buildings and Infrastructure • Adoptive
Re-use
35. Green Architecture and Building Design
36. Principle 3: Humane Design
37. Preservation of Natural Conditions • Respect Topographical Contours: • The existing contours of
a site should be respected. • Radical terra forming is not only expensive but devastating to the site’s
microclimate. • Alteration of contours will affect how water drains and how wind moves through a
site. • Do Not Disturb the Water Table • Select sites and building designs that do not require
excavation below the local water table. • Placing a large obstruction (the building) into the water
table will disturb natural hydraulic process. • If the water table is exposed during construction, it will
also become more susceptible to contamination from polluted surface runoff. • Preserve Existing
Flora and Fauna • Local wildlife and vegetation should be recognized as part of the building site. •
Native plants and animals will make the finished building a more enjoyable space for human
habitation.
38. Urban Design and Site Planning • Integrate Design with Public Transportation • Sustainable
architecture on an urban scale must be designed to promote public transportation. Thousands of
individual vehicles moving in and out of area with the daily commute create smog, congest traffic,
and require parking spaces. • Promote Mixed Use Development • Sustainable development
encourages the mixing of residential, commercial, office and retail space. • People then have the
option of living near where they work and shop. This provides a greater sense of community than
conventional suburbs. The potential for 24-hour activity also makes an area safer.
40. Green Housing
41. Design for Human Comfort • Provide Thermal, Visual, and Acoustic Comfort • People do not
perform well in spaces that are too hot or too cold. • Proper lighting, appropriate to each task, is
essential. • Background noise from equipment or people can be distracting and damage occupants’
hearing. • Acoustic and visual privacy also need to be considered. - Provide Visual Connection to
Exterior • The light in the sky changes throughout the day, as the sun and clouds move across the
sky. • Humans all have an internal clock that is synchronized to the cycle of day and night. • From a
psychological and physiological standpoint, windows and skylights are essential means of keeping
the body clock working properly.
42. Provide Operable Windows • Operable windows are necessary so that building occupants can
have some degree of control over the temperature and ventilation in their workspace. • Provide
Fresh Clean Air. Fresh air through clean air ducts is vital to the well-being of building occupants. The
benefits of fresh air go beyond the need for oxygen. Continuous recirculation of interior air exposes
people to concentrated levels of bacteria and chemicals within the building. • Use Nontoxic, Non-Out
gassing Materials • Long-term exposure to chemicals commonly used in building materials and
cleaners can have a detrimental effect on health. • Accommodate Persons with Differing Physical
Abilities • One aspect of sustainable design is its longevity. • Buildings that are durable and
adaptable are more sustainable than those that are not. This adaptability includes welcoming people
of different ages and physical conditions. • The more people that can use a building, the longer the
building successful life.
44. My Environment Friendly House
45. Example of Eco Friendly Design EPA Research Triangle Park Campus USA
46. EPA Research Triangle Park Campus USA
47. During construction, 80% of the construction waste was segregated and recycled - keeping
about 20 million pounds of materials out of regional landfills. By using an on-site concrete batch
plant, EPA eliminated at least 75,000 highway miles of concrete truck traffic and avoided the
combustion of at more than 10,000 gallons of fuel. Having the plant at the site also enabled wastes
like crushed scrap concrete to be directly reused for the project. A few more of our green
construction practices include: - No on-site burning - Aggressive forest protection - Stringent
protection for lakes and streams - Landscaping debris ground and used on-site as mulch - Gypsum
trimmings recycled or applied as soil amendments Reflective, white roofing was also used to limit
heat absorption. The white roof and light-colored exterior walls increase the building's albedo,
significantly lowering air conditioning costs. In addition to these architectural features, trees
surrounding the building were left in place to help shade.
48. Computer Centre EPA –USA Welcome Computer Centre Labs Transport Lake High Bay
49. Building Exterior Green Roofs Exterior Indoor Environment Atrium Offices Building amenities
49. Building Exterior Green Roofs Exterior Indoor Environment Atrium Offices Building amenities
51. Lean Construction Principles
52. The lean principles • Eliminate waste • Precisely specify value, from customer viewpoint • Identify
value-stream, eliminate non-value adding steps • Improve value process flows • Respond to
customer requirements • “Customer pull” • “Just–in-time”, “right first time”
53. What wastes are involved? • Complexity - Complex products harder to manufacture, produce more
waste • Labour - Improve assembly line-type techniques • Overproduction - Produce exactly what is
wanted, when it is wanted • Space - Plan efficient use of buildings, plant areas, circulation space,
both in factory environment, and on project sites, & buildings • Energy – reduce excess power
utilisation, unproductive operations • Defects – no mistakes, rework, defects, in factory or on site •
Materials – avoid scrap, trim, excess or bad materials, excess stocks • Time – downtime,
unnecessary delays of people or machines • Transport – eliminate unnecessary movements in
factory & on-site, no double-handling
54. Lean thinking in Construction • All the previous ideas can be relevant to the construction
process… • Design • Virtual Reality, 3d CAD • Customer can “walk through” a building at design
stage • Use standardisation, pre-assembly techniques • Design & build contracts • Production
Planning • Benchmarking to find “best in class” • Clear, stable project programmes • Critical path
analysis • Risk management
55. Lean Construction Lean Construction is a term which comes from “Lean thinking”, a philosophy,
derived from “lean manufacturing” techniques • Lean manufacturing pioneered by Toyota • It is all
about elimination of “muda” – waste • Covers all activities & process which consume resources, but
do not add value to the product • Focuses on customer needs • Lean Construction is a therefore a
production management approach to project delivery – a new way to design and build capital
facilities
56. Lean Construction • Project plans, systems approach • Defined construction methods • Agreed by
all parties • Communicated to all interested parties • Revisions minimised, kept up-to date • Train the
 workforce • “tool-box talks”, Health & safety • Multi-skilling, flexibility • Progress reports •
Commitment to improve
57. Related areas to Lean Construction Lean thinking and lean construction lead to use of
standardised products, and pre-assembly techniques Standardisation-“Extensive use of
components, methods or processes in which there is regularity, repetition, and a background of
successful practice” • WHY does Construction industry need it? • Too many unique components
products • Lack of thorough design • Not enough testing • Customer requires better guarantees of
serviceability
58. Benefits of Standardisation • Improved predictability • Shorter lead times • Improved product
reliability • Improved quality • Lower costs • Reduced waste – scope for re-cycling • Ease of
maintenance
59. Bernard Potter School of the Environment Different types of standardisation • Generic • Is by
nature standard, - steel concrete plaster • Is ISO certified, etc • National • National standards for
brick sizes, etc • Client • Client wants the same product throughout its business • Tesco, Body Shop,
McDonalds, etc • Supplier • Standard product ranges & sizes for components • Project • Design
team decisions re dimension grids, modules, etc
60. Bernard Potter School of the Environment Modularisation or Volumetric pre-assembly • NOTE :
There is often confusion about these terms, some magazines refer to them as being the same. •
Volumetric Pre-assembly • Complete fitted out unit, eg kitchen or bathroom, lift shafts assembled
before being placed in final position • Often produced under factory conditions • Modular buildings •
Whole building consists of modular units • Hotels, schools, army barracks
61. Bernard Potter School of the Environment Supply chain management • Lean manufacturing
requires new attitudes & input from suppliers, closer relationships • Cooperation & planning •
Partnering, shared business strategies • Open-book accounting • Performance standards •
Continuous improvement • Networking
62. Bernard Potter School of the Environment Partnering is……….. • Partnering is a new philosophy
of parties working together, who might previously had a more antagonistic relationship • Is a “win-
win” relationship • Has become important way in which contractors SELL and clients PROCURE
construction services • Partnering is a strategy to increase repeat business • Partnering can be a
means of increasing levels of client satisfaction • Can provide a more stable workload • Partnering is
NOT a contract form
63. Bernard Potter School of the Environment Wider implications of partnering • Partnering is not just
a concept for contractors and clients, or a narrow view of procurement • What about suppliers &
manufacturers? • “The supply chain” • Managing the supply chain requires commitment by many
different parties with common interests • Concept of “Lean production” • “Just in time”, “right first
time” • Egan’s views on learning from other industries
64. Conclusion Sustainable development is the need of the day. The resource conservation, reducing
life cycle costing and enhancing the user’s comfort in the design of built environment can lead to
pollution free and sustainable design and construction Lean Construction is an endeavor to save the
natural resources in the design, construction operation and maintenance of built facilities. This in
turn leads to sustainability in construction.