INSTRUCTION INTRODUCTION

Trench Electric manufactures a comprehensive range of

.d!ANUAL Coupling Capacitors and Capacitor Voltage Transformers.
Because all types utilize the same design principles and
FOR manufacturing techniques the information detailed in this
manual is applicable in general, except where noted
CAPACITOR otherwise
The circuh diagrams, drawings and other data in this book
VOLTAGE may, in minor details, vary from the equipment supplied.
However, in all cases the diagrams supplied by the factory
TRANSFORMERS and identified with the equipment will be correct in all
details.
AND The contents of this manual are designed to cover most
situations which may occur in practice However, if any ad-
COUPLING ditional assistance is required, please contact Tiench
Electrie
CAPACITORS
ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE

Fig. 1
- Type TEMP 161 Capacitor
. Voltage Tiansformer
Fig. 2 - Type TEHM 765 Capacitor
Voltage Transformer
Fig. 3 - Sectioned perspective view
of a typical capacitor 2
FiS. 4 - Sectioned perspective'view
of atypicalCVTbasebox. . . . . . .. . . 3
Fig. 5 - Capacitor assembly procedure . . . . . . 5
Front cover illustration: 6 Low voltage terminal box . . 5
Fig. 1 Type TEMP 161 Capacitor Voltage Transformer,
Fig.
-
Fig. 7 - CvTschematicdiagram . .. . 6, 10
Fig. 8 - Capacitance and dissipation facto.r
temperature correctien curves . . . . . . 7
_ CONTENTS PAGE
Fis. 9 - Doble Test circuit I
Fig. 10 - CVTTh6venin equivalent circuit . . . . . 10
Construction and Types 4 Fig. 11 - CvTinternalterminalboard. . . . 11
lnspection 4 Fis. 12 - Replacement of expansion chamber . . 14
Storage 4 Fig. 13 - Outline drawing and mounting
rstallation 4 dimensions .....18
Erection
Connections.
Commissionin$and Rout"rnp Maintenance. . . . . . 5 TABTES PAGE
Physical Inspection
Electrical Tests Table I Doble Tests on CVT's with
Capacitance Bridge Testing 6 lCapacitorUnit ...... I
DobleTesting.... 8
Table ll Doble Tests on CVT's with
Precautions for HV Testing 10
2CapacitorUnits. ..... I
Table lll Doble Tests on CVT's with
Principle of Operation 11
3 or more Capacitor Units . 9
Trouble Shooting 12 Tabfe lV Troubleshooting . . . .'12, 13
Field Replacement Procedures 14 Table V Types TEV TEM, TEMP and TEC
Expansion Chamber technicaldata ...16
Capacitor Unit Table Vl Types TEHM, TEHMR TEHC
Spare Parts 15 andTEHCPtechnicaldata . . ... 16
Technical Data . 16 Tabfe Vff CVT Electrical Performance . . . . . . . . . 17
 Fig.3 Sectioned perspective view
of a typical capacitor stack.
:
1. PORCELAIN SHELL
2. META,L FLANGE
3, TOP END PLATE
4. JOINING RING
5. TOP PLATE
6. HIGH VOLTAGE TERMINAL
7, FLUID FILLED EXPANSION
CHAMBER
8. EXPANSION CHAMBER PUNCTURE
PIN
9. TOP SEAL PLATE
10. BOTTOM SEAL PLATE
1'I , BOTTOM END PLATE
12. CONNECTION BETWEEN UNITS
13. RETAINING DOWEL
14. PRESSURE PLATE
15. HELICAL SPRING
16. INSULATING SPACERS
17. CAPACITOR ELEMENTS
18. CARRIER(GROUND/NEUTFAL)
BUSHING
19. INTERMEDIATE VOLIAGE TAP
BUSHING
20. BASEBOX COVER

2
 Fig. 4 Sectioned Perspective view of a typical CVT base box
1, INTERNAT TERMINAL BOARD 9. OIt TO AIR PTATE WIRING
2. COILED CORD CONN. 1O. OIL TO AIR TERM. STUD ASS'Y.
3. INTEHNAL HV. RESISTOR ASS'Y. 1 1. CHOKE COIL ASS'Y,
4, corL coRD coNN. 12. VOLT TAP GROUND SWITCH
5. INTERMEDIATETRANSFORMER 13. OIL LEVEL SIGHT GLASS
6. SERIES REACTOR 14. GROUND PAD
7. BASEBOXASS'Y. 15. LIFTING EYE
8. STABILIZING BURDEN
OR
HARMONIC SUPPRESSION FILTER
 CONSTRUCTION AND TYPES
Figs. 3 and 4 show detailed cross sectionalviews of a
typical Capacitor Voltage Transformer. Neither the base
box nor capacitor sections contain oil with a PCB con-
tent greater than 2 PPM.
COUPUNG CAPACITORS
Types TEC, TECR TEHC and TEHCP are Coupling
Capacitors (CC's) for use in Power Line Carrier (PLC)
coupling schemes. They consist of an assembly of one
or more capacitor units, usually mounted on an air filled
aluminum basebox. Except for dimensions, any informa-
tion which refers to the oil filled basebox is not relevant
to coupling capacitors.
Trench Electric can utilize one of two different insulation
systems in the manufacture of capacitor sections. One
system consists of paper/mineral oil while the other
insufation system will be a mixed dielectric paperl
polypropylene film/PXE fluid capacitor. In the lafter case
the type designation will end in either a "P" or an "F"
a.{eg. TECP or TECF).
CAPACITOR VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMERS
Types TEV, TEM, TEM? TEHM and TEHMP are
Capacitor Voltage Tiansformers for use with PLC coup-
ling schemes, Protectirre Relaying and Metering applica-
tions. They comprise an assembly of one or more
capacitor units mounted on an oil filled aluminum
basebox which contains the intermediate transformer,
series reactor and auxiliary components of the Elec-
tromagnetic Unit.
Types TEV TEM and TEMP utilize type TEC, TECP and
TECF Capacitor Units, and types TEHM and TEHMP
utilize type TEHC, TEHCP and TEHCF Capacitor Units.
A low voltage terminal box houses the secondary ter-
minals and auxiliary components.
INSPECTION
All sffipments should be inspected upon arrival for
broken bbrcelainC;&maged metallic parts and oil leaks.
The LV. terminalbbx should be opened and examined
for loose components, broken wiring. lf transit damage
has been found, file a claim with the transit company and
notify Trench Electric.
SHIETDING RING
lf a shielding ring is supplied, refer to the outline draw-
ing regarding the way the shielding ring should be
mounted on the device. Before mounting the ring, file off
any scratches or points which may have been caused
during transit.
4
STORAGE
Crated units may be safely stored on level ground, out-
doors for reasonable periods of time. Units rar ove
161kV are shipped with the upper capacitor(si , --,,oved
and bolted to the skid alongside the basebox. The top
ends of the capacitors exposed by the removal of the
upper units are protected from the weather by temporary
covers, which should be examined when equipment is
placed in storage, and made good if found to be damaged
or loosened.
Note that with the Trench Electric oil filled basebox
design heaters are not required.
INSTALTATION
ERECTION
CC's or Cl/T's with more than one capacitor unit are
shipped with the units dismantled. They are crated in
sets, with all.components required to assemble one of
more complete Units in one crate. Do not inte- rnge
capacitor units between different stacks.
Assembly can be performed with light lifting crane. The
use of rope slings with a choker-type hitch arranged to
bear on the upper metal flange is an effective way for
lifting the capacitor units.
Assembly can be carried out as follows:
Mount the basebox and bottom capacitor assembly on
its prepared foundation and assemble subsequent
capacitor units on top in accordance with the instruc-
tions detailed below.
CAPACITOR ASSEMBLY
INSTRUCTIONS
Electrical connection between capacitor units is made
by bolting togethertwo connecting leads before bolting
on the upper unit. The capacitors are secured by axial
bolts around the joining ring which must be ti( 'sd
to 20ft.-lb. (27 N-M). All holes are die-cast so no -_.cial
alignment is necessary. For the sake of appearancg the
individualnameplates should be aligned with each other
during assembly. Fig. 5 shows details of the assembly
and connection procedure.
CAUTION
It is essential that the capacitor unit serial numberc
shown on the main nameplate match the actual serial
numbers of the capacitors installed on the device. Ac-
curacy performance may be severely affected if
capacitor units are interchanged between sfacks.
CONNECTIONS
The base box should be solidly grounded by means of
a grounding cable connected to the aluminum ground
pad located on the side of the basebox. (See Figs. 4 &
13).
All low voltage and carrier terminals are in the air filled
low voltage terminal box located on the side of the
basebox for CVT'S (See Fig. 6).
Low voltage terminal blocks are provided for secondary
connections. Secondary wiring entrance to the low
voltage box is by 102 mm x 127 mm (4" x 5" lglandplate
with provision for conduit entry. Also provision can be
made for side entry by bosses for 3O-40 mm ('l1/a-11h'l
threaded conduit. Carrier entrance to the low voltage box
is by 13 mm (1/rrrl internal diameter porcelain entrance
bushing, with customer connection directly on the
carrier terminal stud.
CAUTf:ON (Refer to Fis. 6)
1) The ground connection for the surge protective device
(2) must never be removed during normal seruice con-
ditions. This provides the ground for the magnetic unit.
2) The Carrier terminal must always be connected to
ground, either directly if no carrier is required, or via the
drain coil.
COMMISSIONING AND
ROUTINE MAINTENANCE
Trench Electric CC or CVT is static equipment and
therefore essentially maintenance free. Physical inspec-
tion will reveal chipped or externally contaminated
porcelain and leaking capacitor units. For CVT, check the
oil level of the base box by means of the oil level sight
glass.
It is recommended to check the protective gap annual-
ly. The life of this device depends on the frequency and
duration of system switching. Unless specified other-
wise in the connection diagram of the CVT, the protec-
tive device across Pr and Pz (item 2 in Fig. 6 of this
manual) is a Siemens gas-filled surge protector type
Sl-A 35O* or 350 87 T with a.c sparkover voltage 250
vofts rms t 2Oo/o.lf the sparkover voltage of the device
is outside this range, it needs a replacement. When this
protective device is installed it is important to make sure
the metallic ends make good contact in the holder.
lf a preventive maintenance check calls for regular elec-
trical tests, the following procedures may serve as a
guide for tests on a routine basis as governed by your
usual practice. lf it is the tradition of your utility to con-
duct a check at the time of commissioning, then these
same procedures may be followed at this time.
PHYSICAL INSPECTION
Check the oil level of the base box by means of the oil
levelsight glass. (See Fig. 4).
The capacitor units are hermetically sealed and therefore
no facility is provided to check the oil level. Inspect for
signs of oil leaks.

Fig. Capacitor Assembly Fig. 6 Low Voltage Terminal Box for CVT
t- TEMPORARY WOODEN SAFETY BLOCKS 1. GROUND CONNECTION OF P, TERMINAL
14" x4" x2O'| 2. SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICE
2. 1013" STA|NLESS STEEL BOLT COMPLETE W|TH 3. CARRIER DRAIN COIL
NUT AND LOCKWASHER 4. CARRIER GROUND SWITCH
3. UPPER CAPACITOR UNIT 5. CUSTOMER'S CARRIER CABLE
4. l8l - C8' GALVANIZED STEEL BOLTS. TIGHTEN 6. CARRIER ENTRANCE BUSHING
SECURELY AFTER LOWERING UPPER UNIT 7. GLAND PLATE
E JOINING RINGS 8. SECONDARY TERMINAL BLOCK
6. CONNECTING LEADS 9. OIL/AIR TERMINAL BLOCK
.1O,
7. LOWER CAPACITOR UNIT SECONDARY DESIGNATION STRIP
8. NAMEPLATE 11. SECONDARYFERRORESONANCESUPPRESSOR
ETECTRICAL TESTS
1) Measure capacitance and dissipation factor of each
capacitor unit.
It is important to use equipment with a capacitance
measurement error of O.1i6 or less in order to detect
a capacitor element failure. This can be achieved by
the use of a low Voltage Capacitance Bridge Any
measurements taken should be corrected to 2OoC
using fig. 8.
2)
As there will always be differences between the
calibration of various capacitance measurement
equipment, the capacitance values ne
nameplates are rounded off to the nearest JpF.
Thereforq the initialcapachance readings on installa-
tion should be recorded and used as a basis for com-
parison with subsequent measurements made with
the same test equipment.
Measure the transformation ratio of the unit (CVT'S
only). (The use of Doble Test equipment is a con-
venient method of achieving this.)

CAPACITANCE BRIDGE TESTI NG

It is possible, but not likely, for a damaged element to
recover somewhat after de-energization and the unit
eapacitance appear to be normal when measured at a
low voltagq as by a Low-Voltage bridge measurement.
Factory measurements are made at normal operating
voltage. lf doubt arises concerning any unit,
measurements at or near operating voltage are \rn-
mended, in a suitable Test Laboratory.
lVleasure upper units by attaching the test leads direct-
ly to the joining rings or bolts.
For CVT'S the presence of the Intermediate Transformer
connected to the tapping point on the bottom unit re-
quires specialconsideration. Referring to Figs. 6 and 7,
the procedure detailed below should be followed:
1) Close volt tap Ground Switch and measure Cr, (H.V.
terminalto base box with Ground Switch closed).
Compare to value marked on main Nameplate or data
taken in previous tests.
2) With Ground Switch still closed, measure Cz.
Remove ground connection at "CAR" terminal and
measure between this terminal and base box. Com-
pare to Cz value marked on main Nameplate or
previous data.

3) MeasureCtotal,from HV.terminaltoCARte,l,
1. CHOKE COIL & GAP
with Ground Switch open and grounding links re-
2. FERRORESONANCESUPPRESSOR
q. sERrEs,qEAcToR
moved from "Pz" and "CAR" terminals. Depending
4. INTERMEDIATE TRANSFORMER on the type of bridge used, there may be difficulties
5. HARMONIC SUPPRESSION FILTER in obtaining a balance for DF as leakage currents
6. SECONDARYTERMINALBOARD through the insulation of the transformer windings
7. PROTECTIVE GAP
willcause apparent DF readings below the true value
8. VOLT. TAP. GROUND SWTCH
9. DRAIN COIL, GAP & GROUND SWITCH
or even to be negative, although capachance value
obtained will be correct. Measurement',C" should
not be used directly as a basis of evaluating the in-
ternal insulation of the capachor. However,'a change
I{OTE: in the results of measurement "C" from one routine
CONNECTION BETWEEN INTERNAL TERMTNALS Lr....Ls test to another would be an indicator that additional
AND A, D...,O ARE MADE AT THE FACTORY AS REOUIRED investigations are required,
FOR EACH UNIT.
Note that, on the bottom capacitor unit, the lower end
Flg.7 Schematic Diagram of a Typical CVT with ring is isolated from the capacitor electrodes and can-
Carrier Accessories. not be used as a connection point.

6
 Fig. 8a Capacitance and dissipation factor temperature correction curves
for Paper/Mineral Oil Capacitor

1. TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON DISSIPATION FACTOR

2, TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON CAPACITANCE
t02
o
E
zoo 6f
o
6
o
a roo E
x^ 100
(E

;(J
z o:-*
F L
o ci
II

(Je8
-4O -?O O +2O +4O +@
TEIIPERAIURE. 'C

EXAMPLE FOR USE OF FIGURE 8

1) Make measurement at field temperature, eg. 3l Calculate predicted values at field temperature, e€.
Temperature = -10"C Cap at -10oC = 99.4o/o of factory rralue
Cap. - 9950 pF = 994O pF
D.F. : 0.38olo D.F. at -1OoC = 145o/o of factory value
2l Find our factory values from test report, e€.
= 0.3625?/o

CaP = 10'0OO PF 4l Compare values from 1) and 3).

D.F. = O.25o/o

NOTE: For this general figure, factory values are assumed to have been measured at +2OoC ln reality,
measurements were done between 15 and 3OoC Therefore, reasonable tolerance, (+O.2Vo for cap and
+ 12o/o for D.F,, of factory value) must be allowed for the comparison.)

Fig. 8b Capacitance and dissipation factor temperature correction

for Paper-Film /PXE Capacitor ",iu".
l02
(I)

?
6
b tot 2oo €
ni, :i,
o
C)

d? loo roo ,E

uJ o
(J
z :
l- 99 oq
(J o
(L
(J
98
O +2O +40 +60
1.
TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON DISSIPATION FACTOR
2.
TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON CAPACITANCE
NOTE: That measurement is done at normal operating voltage Significant error on dissipation factor may result
if measurement performed at low voltage (1-10 kV).
 DOBLE TESTING
The procedures outlined below are operating instruc- For Coupling Capacitors, the carrier bushir ac-
tions for the use of Doble Test equipment in common use cessible, and tests can be done by energizinge jr top
throughout Nonh America. or bottom end of the capacitor, as required by
circumstances.
The Fower Factor reading from the Doble Test cor-
responds to the DF shown on the nameplate of each
capacitor unit. The DF reading depends upon good solid For Capacitor Voltage Transformers the HV terminal
test connections being established, and care must must be disconnected from the HV bus for accurate
therefore be taken to obtain valid test results. The measurements.
capacitance data obtained at commissioning stage may
differ from the nameplate rralues which hav,e been round- lf solidly bolted bus connections are to be used, it is
ed off to the hundreds of picofarads. The capacitance
recommended that suitable insulating supports be in-
measurement done at commission should, therefore, be
stalled to isolate the CWfor Doble Test purposes. Short-
used as a reference for future comparison. A capacitor
ing links normally used across these insulating supports
element failure will result normally in an increase in the
may then be easily removed for the Doble Tests and
total capacitance in proportion tothe originalnumber of
ieplaced on their completion.
elements and those remaining in operating condition.
Generally an increase of 1% in capacitance from the
reference data obtained during commission would be The test methods for assemblies which have l, 2 and
-..,pignificant.
The capacitance of the capachor unit should 3 or more capacitor units are detailed below.
,:,be preferably measured with same equipment
and com-
pared to the commission data to ensure good working
condition of the assembly. 1) Remove carrier ground connection for the duration
of the Doble Test.
Doble Testing can be carried out on all ratings of Trench
Electric Coupling Capacitors and Capacitor Voltage 2) REPLACE CARRIER CONNECTION IMMEDIATELY
Transformerc. AFTER TESI, BEFORE ENERGIZING.

CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS WITH

ONE CAPACITOR UNIT

l^
To
Volt.g.
Cl. rcu i I
c.
TI
ChoL.
Coil
?
i

n:. *
n
-I1
volt T.p
Grolnd Settch

l I

l_
:
TEST CONNECTIONS
Test LV LV
Tort Mgaturc kV Modo Energize Lead Switch Ground
1 Cr 10 GST A Ground F
2 Cz 2GSTF Ground
NOTES: l. For alltests, the line terminal (A) is isolated; the transmission line is grounded and disconnected.
The basebox is connected to the station ground.
ll. The Carrier Terminal (F) is isolated from ground for Test 2.
The ground link or circuit must be restored before returning the device to service.
lll. The Choke Coil is expected to have minimal effect on Capacitance and Dissipation Factor
measurements.
 CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS WITH
TWO CAPACITOR UNIT

c. "

cr-r

ct

TEST COI\INECTIONS

Test Meatsre kV Mode Energize Lead Switch Ground

1 Cr-z lOUSTBAUSTF
2 Cr-r 10 GSTBA Guard
3 Cz2GSTFAGround
NOTES: l. For alltests, the line terminal (A) is isolated; the transmission line is grounded and disconnected.
The basebox is connected to the station ground.
?::-,
lt. The Carrier Terminal (F) is isolated from ground for Test 3.
The ground link to circuit must be restored before returning the device to service
ilt. The Choke Coil is expected to have minimal effect on Capacitance and Dissipation Factor
measurements,

CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS WITH

THREE CAPACITOR UNIT
cr-l

c..

T9?

eI
I
TEST CONNECTIONS
LV
Te3t Measurr kv Mode Energize Lead Switch Ground
1 ni' 'o, Cr-e 10 GSTBD Guard A,F
2 Cr-r''} 10 USTBD UST A,F
3 Cr-r lOGSTDB Guard A,F
4 Cz2GSTF-GroundA
NOTES: L For alltests, the line terminal (A) is isolated; the transmission line is grounded and disconnected.
The basebox is connected to the station ground.
1t. The Carrier Terminal (F) is isolated from ground for Test 4.
The ground link or circuit must be restored before returning the device to service.
ilt. The Choke Coil is expected to have minimal effect on Capacitance and Dissipation Factor
measurements.
NOTE: The value of Cr-r is not given. lt must be calculated as follows:
Cz x Cno
u1-1 = l-2
---;-- Uno
Where Cz is the main nameplate capacitance, Cnp is the nameplate capacitance of the towet caoacitance unit.
 PRECAUTIONS FOR HIGH
VOLTAGE TESTING
lf HV testing methods are employed on complete CVT's
the following precautions should be taken:

1) Do not energize the HV terminal above the normal

rated line-toground rohage of the unit. The terminals
Pz and Pr are connected to the tapping point be-
tween Cr and Ce through the intermediate circuit,
and the vohage of the tapping point will appear at
them when the ground link is removed from Pe,
unless the voltage grounding switch @ on Figure 7
is closed.

2l The normal operating voltage of the tapping point is

approximately 5 kV {TEV), I kV (TEM) or 10.3 kV
(TEMP & TEHM). lt is recommended that
capacitance measurements be taken at voltages
befow 1Oo/o of the normal rated voltage of the unit,
so that the voltage appearing on Pr and Pz terminals
'::::' during the measurement will be proportionately
reduced.

3) Extreme care must be taken to ensure that connec-

tions to the "CAR" terminal are completely away
from the Pr and P2 terminals, because of the high
voltage which will appear there.

4l Measurements should be made by qualified person-

nel only, who fully understand the circuit involved.

1. CHOKE COIL & GAP

2. FERRORESO$ANCE SUPPRESSOR
3. SERIES REAC.fOR
4. INTERMEDIATETRANSFORMER
5. HARMONIC SUPPRESSION FILTER
6. SECONDARY TERMINAL BOARD
7. PROTECTIVE GAP
xcE 8. VOLT. TAP. GROUND SWITCH
C1
9. DRAIN COIL, GAP & GROUND SWITCH

TOTE:
CONNECTION BETWEEN INTERNAL TERMINALS Lr....Ls
AND A. D....O ARE MADE AiT THE FACTORY AS REOUIRED
FOR EACH UNIT.

Fig. 1O CVT Th6venin equivalent circuit

Flg.7 Schematic Diagram of a Typical CW with
Carrier Accessories

10

CVT PRINCIPLE OF
JPERATION
MAIN COMPONENTS
The main components are the capacitor divider, the
intermediate transformer and the series reactor.
A simplified Th6venin equivalent circuit is shown in Fig.
10. The equivalent capacitance is in series with the re-
actor and the leakage impedance of the transformer.
Thus, if the reactor is manufactured such that its im-
pedance Xl exactly cancels the impedance of the
equivalent capacitor Xce, the full intermediate voltage
is presented, with no phase shift, at the terminals of the
intermediate transformer. In practice, the series reactor
and the primary winding of the intermediate transformer
are manufactured with taps to provide a means of ad-
justment for ratio and phase angle. The adjustments are
+actory pre-set and will not require alteration after
eliverg'unless a capacitor unit is changed.
AUXILIARY COMPONENTS
Allitems referred to are identified in Fig. 7 which for con-
venience is repeated on the facing page.
The choke coil assembly (1) prevents the grounding of
the carrier signal when the voltage tap ground switch (8)
is closed.
Fig. 11 CVT Internal terminal board
SWITCH JAW
2. TO CARRIER ((1.V.} BUSHING
? IN THE CIRCUIT TO PREVENT ELECTROSTATIC BUILD UP OF
TRANSFORMER TAPS
4. SERIES REACTOR TAPS
5. TO TAP BUSHING
The harmonic suppression filter (5) prevents sustained
ferroresonance oscillations. lt consists of a resistor in
series with a saturable reactor, with a parallel resistor.
The reactor is designed to saturate at 15Oo/o of nominal
voltage to form a loading circuit which will dampen
subharmonic ferroresonant oscillations.
The protective device (71 is a voltage sensitive device
wired in series with a loading resistor on a secondary
winding of the main series reactor. The device is normal-
ly open circuit, but goes short circuit when the in-
termediate voltage exceeds 190% of rated value, or
when the secondary current causes the thermal burden
rating shown in Table Vll to be exceeded. This has the
effect of de-tuning the CVT and limiting the secondary
current available during overvoltage and external short
circuit conditions. The protective device (7) also serves
to further limit ferroresonance oscillations. lf the fault
condition persists for more than thirty seconds, the pro-
tective device will not reset from the short circuit con-
dition and must be'replaced. lts location inside the low
voltage terminal box facilitates replacement.
The drain coil, gap and carrier ground switch (9) are sup-
plied if the CVT is to function as a coupling capacitor for
powerline carrier.
*o *x *t-e
*e +M tLr
lr *n +u. *r-l
|e +o +ur #ul
,A. ,\
NOTE:
A.
\y g-)
DO NOT LEAVE ANY SECTIONS OF THE WINDINGS ISOLATED.
ONE TERMINAL OF EACH VERTICAL ROW MUST BE CONNECTED
VOLTAGE ON ANY UNUSED PORTION OF THE WINDINGS.
B. MAKE CONNECTIONS CAREFULLY. AVOID ACCIDENTA,L SHORT
CIRCUITS OF ANY PORTION OF THE WINDINGS.
11
TABLE IV TROUBLESHOOTING

The following is a list of possible problems and their solutions. lf difficulty is encountered at any stage, please con
Trench Electric.

PBOBLEM POSS|BtE CAUSE

Zero Secondary Output 1.1 Volt tap ground switch closed.
1.2 Short circuit on secondary connections.

1.3 Open circuit on intermediate transformer.

't.4 No connection between units.

1.5 Broken connection inside capacitor unit.

Low Secondary Output 2.1 Poor secondary connection.

2.2 Failure of a Cz capacitor element.
2.3 Extreme load on secondary.
High Secondary Output 3.1 Failure of one or more C1 capacitor elements.

Fluctuating Secondary Output 4.1 Loose intermediate or secondary connections.

High dissipation factor in 5.1 Oil contamination due to capacitor element arcing/failure.
capacitor unit{s)

High capacitance values 6.1 Capacitor element failure.

Low capacitance values 7.1 Fossible measurement error.
Waveform distortion 8.1 Malfunction of harmonic suppression filter.
Low secondary output and 9.1 Pr Pz surge protector shorted.
Phase angle error 9.2 Faulty harmonic suppression filter.
High oil level in basebox 10.1 Extremely high ambient temperature.
10.2 Oil leak in lower capacitor unit tap or carrier bushing.

Low oil level in base box 11.1 Extremely low ambient temperature.
11.2 Basebox leaking oil.
Signs of Oilon Porcelains 12.1 Oil leak on expansion chamber.
12.2 Capacitor failure causing expansion chamber to puncture.
Caution: Before performing any tests ensure that unit has been completely de-energized.

12
 PROCEDURE
1.1 Open volt tap ground switch (up position).
1.2 Remove external wiring and measure output voltage at terminals. lf there is still no voltage, then pro-
ceed as follows:
a) Megger X and Y windings to tank, should read 50 meg ohms or more.
b) Remove Pz ground link.
Open ground switch.
IVlegger Pz to tank; should read 50 meg ohms or more.
1.3 Remove Pz connection.
Close volt tap ground switch.
a) Measure resistance from Pz connection to tank, should read less than 1000 ohms.
Remove carrier ground connection and close volt tap ground switch.
b) Measure capacitance between CAR connection and basebox. This gives Cz value.
cl Measure capacitance from top of capacitor to basebox. This gives Cr value.
Either of above tests will confirm integrity of tap lead from lower capacitor unit.
d) Measure P'r - Pz, should read less than 75 ohms,
1.4 Confirm as per test 1.3 (b) and (c).
1.5 As per test 1.3 (b) and (cl. lf no continuity confirm that connections between capacitor units are made.
lf still no continuity change capacitor unit.
2.1 Check all connections.
2.2 Check Cz value as per test 1.3 (b).
2.3 Remove external wiring to substation and re-check secondary output at terminals.
3.1 Remove unit from service immediately for evaluation.
Check Cr per 1.3 (c).
Replace capacitor unit if capacitance is more than 1olo high.
4.1 Check all connections.
5.1 Remove unit from service immediately. Replace capacitor unit.

6.1 As above (5.1)

7.1 Check measurement equipment.

8.1 I Checkharmonic suppression filter wiring and components, replace as necessary
9.1 Replace,stirge protector.
9.2 As above (8.1).
10.1 ln no case should oil be more than 10 mm (3/s't1 above mark.
10.2 Check expansion chamber on top of lower capacitor unit.
Consult factory immediately.
11.1 In no case should oil level be more than 10 mm (3/8") below mark. Top up if necessary.
11 .2 Check for leaks around tank and report to factory if necessary.
12.1 Replace expansion chamber.
12.2 Inspect expansion chamber. lf punctured, remove unit from service immediately. Consult factory.

13
 4l Remove the plug from the new expansion chamber
FIELD REPLACEMENT and fit to capacitor, being careful not to "cross
PROCEDURES thread" nut ,A on to the union tee 'B'. Position the
expansion chamber centrally and tighten \'.
eventthat field replacement of major components
In the
is required, the procedures detailed below should be 5) In the event that there is vertical misalignment be-
followed. tween union tee 'A and the tee piece fitting on the
expansion chamber, loosen nut 'C' and adjust.
FIETD REPLACEMENT OF 6) Wipe dry allexcess fluid and wash thoroughly with
EXPANSION GHAMBER acetone or similar solvent to remove alltraces of fluid.
The change should be made indoors to avoid contamina- 7) Test for leaks. The recommended procedure is tc,
tion of the insulating fluid. spray Trench Electric chalk spray around the joint
The dielectric safety factor of Trench Electric CVT'S is After a period of about 15 minutesthe agent will have
such that exposure of the top seal plate and pipe to the dried to form a white powder, and any leaks will be
atmosphere for a period of five to ten minutes is negli- evident by a discoloration of the powder.
gible in terms of the life expectancy of the unit. 8) Replace the joining ring which holds the expansion
Please refer to Fig. 12 chamber in position and re-assemble the capacitor
,A, on its mounting.
1l Wth a wrench on union tee'B' loosen nut two
turns. DO NOT REMOVE COMPLETELY.
2) Select new expansion chamber and place vertically
+1'"' with fitting uppermost. Loosen either one of the two
plugs installed at the factory. DO NOT REMOVE
COMPLETELY.

3) Remove expansion chamber from capacitor and FIELD REPLACEMENT OF

press on top seal plate. Fluid should flow out of the
connecting pipe, indicating fullfluid level inside the
porcelain. lf fluid is not visible during this check the
factory must be consulted.
CAPACITOR UNIT
It is recommended that field replacement of a capacitor
unit, together with the associated adjustment of cVT
accuracy, be performed by experienced Tiench Electric
field service personnel. However, if circumstances are
such that the work is performed by others, then the pro-
cedures detailed below should be adhered to.

Technical note:
In a capacitor voltage transformer the total ratio is the
product of the Capacitor Divider Ratio and the
Intermediate Transformer ratio.
ln any Trench Electric CVT the Capacitor Divider Ratio
can be determined from the values of Cr and C wn
on the nameplate. Taps on the intermediate trans,,rmer
and series reactor provide sufficient adjustment to com-
pensate for manufacturing variations in the capacitance
values and factory adjustments ensure the correct
accuracy class performance is obtained. Field replace-
ment of a capacitor unit, however, will usually cause a
variation in the total ratio. The ratio can be re-adjusted,
and an accuracy to within tO.10z6 of the original factory
adjustment can be achieved if the following procedures
Fig.12 Replacement of expansion chamber are adhered to lt should be noted, howevet that the fac"
1. NUT A'
2. UNION TEE'B'
tory test certificate is only valid for the capacitor units
3. NUT'C' with the serial numbers listed on the nameplate. lf ac-
4. PLUG curacy within the original nameplate classification is to
5. EXPANSION CHAMBER be guaranteed, such as for revenue metering applica-
6. TOP END PLATE tions, then the complete CVT must be returned to the
7. TOP SEAL PLATE
f actory for re-calibration.

14
PROCEDURE:
Remove the defective unit and compare its nameplate
(original) capacitance value to the capacitance of the
replacement unit. lf the
values are identical, no re-
adjustments are necessary. A rough estimate of effect
of capacitance change can be made by taking the
percentage difference between the old and the replace-
ment capacitors and dividing by the number of units in
the stack. For examplq if the replacing unit has 2o/o
higher capacitance than the original in a 5OO kV stack
consisting of 3-161 kV units, then the output voltage is
z/sYo higher than before.
lf it is required to adjust the accuracy of the CVT, the
following information should be supplied to Trench Elec-
tric to enable us to calculate the new tap positions for
the intermediate transformer:
1) Type and serial numbers of original CVT.
2) Serial number and capacitance of original capacitor.
3) Serial number and capacitance of replacement
ca$-acitor.
4) Original contract references (if available).
Trench Electric will provide new tap positions, and a
replacement capacitor unit if required.
CONNECTION OF A NON.LINEAR
(MAGNETIC} BURDEN
Caution must be used when applying non-linear (or
magnetic) burdens with CW's. The effect of a non-linear
burden on the CVT is to cause harmonics in the output
voltage and current which, in turn, may cause variation
in ratio and phase angle errors as well as increasing the
voltage across the protective gaps. During momentary
overvoltage conditions, these effects of a non-linear
burden may cause gap flashover and, thereby, interfere
with the operation of the relaying system.
Most relays, synchroscopes, voltmeters, and other
generally used instruments are essentially linear burdens
up to twice normal vohage. Burdens with closed mag-
netic curcuits, such as auxiliary potential transformers,
may not have linear characteristics over the entire
voltage range. lf such devices are used in the secondary
circuits, these should be selected so that the iron core
is operated at not more than one-half the flux density re-
quired to reach the knee of the magnetization curve For
examplg it is desirable to use a 23O:23o-volt auxiliary
potential tansformer in the 11 S-volt circuit instead of one
having a 115-11S-volt rating. The same caution should
be taken for relay coils.

The procedure for adjusting the taps is as follows:

Open the transformer base box by removing all bolts SPARE PARTS
from the cover except two (in the back corners). These
shoufd be foosened off approximately 13 mm l1/2" l, and Spare parts for CW'S are available individually or as a
then serve as a pivot for the cover plate. The capacitor packaged CVT Spares Kit.
is then pushed back carefully to raise the front edge of
the cover approximately 125 mm (5"), and blocked in The CVT Spares Kit consists of the following equipment:
this position. The internal terminal board is then ac-
cessible and the taps can be changed as required. Ouantif|
(See Fig. 11). ExpansionChamber(OilFilled) ....1
JoiningRinggaskets ... ...6
Pr-Paprotectordevice .....2
Joining bolts, nutsandlockwashers. . ....4
Chalk Spray 1 container
ProtectiveDevice ....2
SERIES REACTOR ADJUSTMENT
d.. .
CVT Spares Kit for
1) After ad.lditing transfd$rer taps as instructed above, TEVTEMunits.. . Part#3O2-O19O
connectthe HVterminal to the'CAR' terminal. This TEMPunits. ....Part#3O2-O42O
places Cr and Cz in parallel. (See Fig. 1O).
CVT Spares Kit for
2) tued in the LV. terminals (Xr - Xg)with a LOW 60 Hz
TEHMunits. .... Part#302-1033
voltage {approximately 3 volts A.C.) lt is imperative
that this test voltage is maintained constant.
TEHMPunits. ...Part#302-1O8O
throughout the test.,Adjust the reactor taps so that lf it is required to add facilities for Power Line Carrier to
a CVT, a Carrier Accessories Kit is required, which con-
the input current is maximum (should be about 5
amperes). Note the tap position and report it to tains all necessary parts and assembly instructions.
Trench Electric. We willthen calculate the tap which
tunes the reactor to give correct phase angle Carrier Accessories Kit for
performance TEV TEM & TEMP units Paft # 302-0189

3) Make all connections secure and replace cover on Carrier Accessories Kit for
base box. TEHM&TEHMPunits. . . Part # 3O2-1O32

15
TABLE V Types TEV TEM, TEMP, TEC and TEGP Standard Technical Data
PARAMETER UNIT 69 115 138 161 230 300 345 400 500
Maximum System Voltage KV 80 133 159 185 265 345 397 460
* Performance Reference
Voltage (1) KV 40.3 69.O 80.5 92.O 138.0 172.5 207.O 230.O J IU.C
287,5121
'Rated Secondary
Voltage (1) KV 115 & 115 & 115 & 115 & 115 & 69 115 & 115 & (2)115 & 69
67.O8 69 67.O8 65.7 69 69 64.2 115 & 63.2
'Transformation Ratio (2) KV 3so- 600- 700- 800- 1200- 2500.1 1800- 2000- 27OO-45OO:1
600:1 lOOO:1 12OO:1 14OO:1 2OOO:1 3OOO:1 36O0:1 25OO-45O0:1
Total Caoacitance
TEC, TEV, TEM, TECP pF 10,ooo 6,OOO 5,OOO 4,300 3,000 2.300 2,150 1,650 1,400
TEMP pF 20,800 12,500 10,400 8,300 6.200 4,600 4,100 3.500 2,800
Power Frequency Wthstand
{Hipot} -dry 1 min. KV 165 265 320 370 525 640 785 785 900
- wet 1O sec, KV 140 230 275 32s 460 570 680 680 780
Full Wave Withstand
(BlL) 1.2 x 50 microsecond KV 350 550 650 750 1050 1300 1550 1 550 1800
Number of Caoacitor
Sections 1 I 1 1 2 2 2 J
Height (Dimension ,A Fig. 13) in 55.25 69.25 78 86.25 116.25 141.75 150.25 189{3} 214
mm 1403 r759 1981 2191 2953 3600 3816 4801 5435
Height (Dimension '8'Fig. 131 in 35.75 49.75 58.50 66.75 96.75 122.25 130.75 169.50 194.75
mm 908 1264 1486 1695 2457 3105 332',1 4305 4947
Creepage Distance in 62.5 102.5 130 145 205 275 290 390 435
mm 1.590 2.600 3,300 3,680 5,210 6,990 7,370 9,900 11050
Flashover Distance in 23 37 46 54 74 loo 108 138
mm 580 940 1,160 1,370 1,880 2,530 2,740 3,480 4
*weight (add 4okgi88 lbs tb 575 650 675 725 875 975 1000 1125 1300
for TEMS) kg 261 295 306 329 397 442 454 510 590
Max. Horizontal Terminal tb 3500 2550 2175 'r900 1300 1000 925 675 550
pull in 8O mph (l3Okm/hl wind KN 15.57 11.34 9.68 8.45 5.78 4.44 4.11 3.06 2.45
Shielding Ring {5} No No No No Yes No Yes (4) Yes Yes
*Not applicable to TEC, TECP

TABLE Vl Dpes TEHM, TEHC, TEHMP and TEHCP Standard Technical Data
PARAMETER UI{IT 115 138 161 230 345 400 500 765
Maximum System Voltage KV 133 159 185 265 397 460 s50 800
*
Performance Reference
Voltage (11 KV 69.O 80.5 92.O 138.0 207.O 230.0 310.5: 431.3
*Rated Secondary
Voltage (1) 115 & 115 &
i 287,5121

115 & 115 & 115 & 115 & 115 & 69 115 &
69 67.08 65.7 69 69 64.2 11s & 63.2 (2) 69
*Transformation Ratio (2) 600- 700- 800- 1200- 1800- 2000- 2700- 3750
lOOO:1 12OO:1 140O:1 2OO0:1 3O0O:1 360O:1 45OO:1 6250:1
25OO-45O0:1
Total Capacitance
TEHM, TEHC pF 20,ooo 16,500 15,OOO 10,ooo 7,500 5,500 5,OOO 4,Of
'
TEHMP, TEHCP pF 47,500 38,100 30,500 22,800 15,200 12,700 10,100 6,i
Power Frequency Withstand
(Hipot) -dry 1min. KV 265 320 370 525 785 78s 900 1200
i;; wet 1O sec. KV 230 275 325 460 680 680 7AO 1050
Full Wave Withstan4 \
(BlLl 1.2 x 5O micro6gftonds KV 550 650 750 1050 1550 1550 1800 2425
Number of Capacitor .

Sections 1
n
1 2 2 3 3 4
Height (Dimension A'Fig. 13) in 71.25 79.75 88.25 121.75 1 55.50 197.75 (3) 223 290.50
mm 1810 2026 2242 3092 3950 5023 5664 7379
Height (Dimension 'B' Fig. 131 in 53 61.50 70 103.50 137.25 179.25 204.50 271.75
mm 1346 1562 1778 2629 3486 4553 5194 6902
Creepage Distance tn 112 139 165 224 330 417 495 660
mm 2,450 3,530 4,190 5,700 8,380 10,590 12,570 16,760
Flashover Distance in 37 46 54 74 108 138 162 216
mm 940 1,160 1,370 1,880 2,740 3,480 4,110 5,480
'Weight tb '1100 1175 1300 1650 1975 23sO 2700 3425
kg 499 533 590 748 896 1066 1225 1554
Max. Horizontal Terminal tb 4750 4250 3850 2750 2100 1600 1375 900
pull in 8O mph (l3Okmih) wind KN 21.13 18.9 17.12 12.23 9.34 7.12 6.12 4.OO
Shielding Ring (5) No No No No Yes (4) No No Yes
*Not applicable to TEHC, TEHCP

16
NOTES:
1) "Performance Reference Voltage" defined in ANSI
C93.2, is for accuracy rating purposes. lts value is
115V x lowest ratio. The secondary voltage results
from dividing this voltage by the highest ratio. lf
secondary voltages of 115/66.4 are required, the
highest ratio is as shown and the lower ratio becomes
non-standard.
CSA 13.1 terminology for "Performance Reference
Voltage" is "Accuracy Rating Voltage".
2\ The ratios given are standard for both ANSI C93.2
and CSA C13.1 except for 5OO kV where
27OO-45OO:1 is CSA C13.1 and 2500-4500:1 is
ANSr C93.2.
3) Alternative designs of 4OO kV units are available for
180O BIL rating. Mechanical construction is same as
standard 1800 BIL 500 kV units.
4l Alternative designs of 345 kV units are available
without a shielding ring to give 1300 kV BIL rating.
tr\ Shielding rings are required for some ratings for
meeting BIL only,

--ABLE VII ELECTRICAL PE RFORMANCE

CHARACTERISTIC TEV TEM TEMP TEHM

ACCURACY CLASSl}
ANSI 20OVA (0.6 Class) 2OOVA (0.3 Class) 4OOVA (O.3 Class) 4OOVA (O.3 Class)
Each Main Windingzt O.6WXYZ O.3WXYZ O.3WXYZ andZZ O.3WXYZ andZZ
Auxiliary Winding 1.2Y 1.2Y 1.2Y 1.2Y
IEC2)
Each Main Winding
cl 0.2, SOHz 225VA
cl O.2,6OHz 2sOVA ' 3oovA
cl 0.5, 50Hz SOVA
1 2sOVA SOOVA 6OOVA
cl 0.5, 6OHz 2OOVA 3OOVA 55OVA TOOVA
cl 1.O. SOHz 3OOVA 5OOVA TOOVA 1 000vA
cl 1.O, 60Hz 4OOVA 6OOVA TOOVA 1 000vA
Auxiliary Winding Class 3P, 50VA Class 3P, 50VA Class 3P. 5OVA Class 3P, 50VA

Less than 5%
nir Less than 1O% Less than 1O% Less than 1O% (of crest) residual
TRANSIENT
[o{ grest} residual (of crest) residual (of crest) residual
RESPONSE voltage in
voltbge in 1 cycle voltage in 1 cycle voltage in 1 cycle 1 cycle

Less than 1Oolo Less than 1Oolo Less than 1Oolo Less than 1Oolo
FERRORESONANCE {of crest) in 2OO (of crest) in 2O0 (of crest) in 2O0 (of crestl in 20O
SUPPRESSION milliseconds at 12Oo/o milliseconds at 12oo/o milliseconds at 12Oo/o miffiseconds at 120%
'of rated voltage of rated voltage of rated voltage of rated voltage

THERMAL RATING 1000vA 1000vA 1000vA 1 500vA

NOTES:
1) Two main windings are supplied as standard, with a third auxiliary winding available as an optional extra.
2) The accuracy class for total simultaneous loading is equal to the values given for each main winding.
17
All CW's and CC's with All CC's with flat base
basebox .a
....- '--\\
-
-==-----'
)!_
.i\

-s
-\
--T------------T-
-'----_).
\t-_-_-..f
-
<--_-r>
F*^+-
\E:(
\t-r=
- I

I l-- _li-_1_
--_rs -
@

]--
I

i
I

I _-

(51)
i
bottom view c<

1. H. V. terminal
2. Voltage tap ground gwitch
3. Ground pad
4. Canier ground switch
5. Die cast aluminum basebox
6. Canier entrance bushing
7. 4(1O2)x5 (127) cutout complete
with gland plate
8. Provision lor 1lh (32) conduit
entrance both sides
Fig. 13 Outline and mounting dimensions 9. ?/s (22) mounting holes
F.j
NOTES: l',:l 10. Provision for oil drain/sampling valve
all dimensions in inche{(mm) 11. M12 or 3/d' - 16 ground terminal
for TEG dimension G = 13% (340)
for TEHC, dimension C = 16% (425\
12. M12 or
1ia
3/8"
- 16 LV terminal
13. (221 mounting holes
*
for dimensions A B, refer to tables V and Vl

::'.-,,'y ;-..Ji:-;;-..--..-*, r_
:.. l-:r_'.1-a:l'ffi>::?E:!'
i

I
-,i ii
j

i' :' "'., f