Uprisings from Sixteenth to Eighteenth Century

1. In 1587, Tondo chieftains conspired against the Spaniards. Magat Salamat was chosen to go to
the sultan of Brunei to seek help. The mission was aborted when Salamat got arrested because a
Christian native revealed the plot to the Spanish authorities.

2. Tamblot, a babaylan in Bohol, incited a revolution by assuring the people that they will be aided
by the spirits of their ancestors and by the diwatas. The uprising was quelled by the Cebu alcalde
with some Spanish soldiers and 300 Cebuano auxiliaries.

3. Juan Sumuroy, a son of a babaylan, led a rebellion caused by the polo y servicios. The Spaniards
used the Lutaos (natives from Zamboanga) to stop the rebellion. Sumuroy escaped however until
some of his followers beheaded him and brought his head to the Spaniards.

4. In 1660, Francisco Maniago led a revolution in Pampanga because of the forced labor. The
Spaniards feared this because they trained the Kapampangans the art of military warfare. The
Kapampangans closed the North Luzon-Manila routes and sent letters to other provinces to fight
with them. The Spaniards sent 300 soldiers to Macabebe and Arayat, disarming them and quelled
the revolt.

5. Andres Malong was the master-of-camp of the province and unified Pangasinenses, Ilocanos, and
Zambals to free the whole North Luzon. They targeted the government but spared the friars.
However, Pampanga joined the Spanish army to defeat the Pangasinenses. The friars also called
for the people’s loyalty to the church. Andres Malong was executed through firing squad.

6. The failure of Manila chiefs and the defeat of the large and ambitious uprisings in North Luzon left
the said provinces exhausted. These also sent a message to other provinces about the power of
Spain thus affecting the pacification process. The principalia either lost resources or their prestige
giving way to other people with Spain’s favor to take over.

7. Apolinario de la Cruz pushed for the equality for the Filipino clergy. Disapproved, he organized
the Cofradia de San Jose. The Church ordered its disbandment but it instead called for a revival
meeting causing the government to attack and massacre the members of the group. This caused
the uprising of the Tayabas Regiment in Intramuros but was later defeated.

8. When Britain invaded Manila in 1762, Diego Silang from Ilocos and Juan de la Cruz Palaris of
Pangasinan were in Manila witnessing the events. Silang is a son of a principalia and Palaris was
 said to be a common people. However, both conspired for another uprising in the north, having
assured each other of support.

9. The Binalatongan Revolt in November 1762 led by Palaris was described as a revolt of the common
people as the principalia remained true to the Church. This revolt was caused by the unfair taxes
by the government. After minor battles that deposed some gobernadorcillos, most of the changes
in Pangasinan was done through peaceful means of petitions.

10. Diego Silang and some 2,000 men gathered around Vigan in December 13, 1762 to request for
changes especially in taking down the principalias who are causing problems to the people. Bishop
Ustarriz agreed but refused to put it in writing thus Silang created a blockade around the city until
December 24 when they attacked and took over. During the following 8 months, the rebels had
almost complete control of the province and Silang began correspondence with the British navy.
However, Miguel Vicos, a Spanish mestizo, and Pedro Becbec, who both served Silang before,
switched sides and assassinated Diego. Gabriela Silang, organizing an Ilocano and Itneg army,
continued to fight but they were defeated and Gabriela was hanged.