ARISTOTLE PERSONAL INFORMATION:

1. Aristotle was an Ancient Greek philosopher and scientist who is still considered one of the greatest
thinkers in politics, psychology and ethics.

2. In 335, Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of
his life studying, teaching and writing.

3. Some of his most notable works include Nichomachean Ethics, Politics, Metaphysics, Poetics and Prior
Analytics.

4. Aristotle was born circa 384 B.C. in Stagira, a small town on the northern coast of Greece that was
once a seaport.

5. Aristotle’s father, Nicomachus, was court physician to the Macedonian king Amyntas II. Little is known
about his mother, Phaestis; she is also believed to have died when Aristotle was young.

6. Aristotle maintained a relationship with Greek philosopher Plato, himself a student of Socrates, and
his academy for two decades.

7. Aristotle did not inherit the position of director of the academy, as many imagined he would.

8. Aristotle wrote an estimated 200 works, most in the form of notes and manuscript drafts touching on
reasoning, rhetoric, politics, ethics, science and psychology.

9. Aristotle’s work on philosophy influenced ideas from late antiquity all the way through the
Renaissance. One of the main focuses of Aristotle’s philosophy was his systematic concept of logic

10. Aristotle’s influence on Western thought in the humanities and social sciences is largely considered
unparalleled, with the exception of his teacher Plato’s contributions, and Plato’s teacher Socrates before
him.

PLATO PERSONAL INFORMATION :

1. Plato was a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle

2. His writings explored justice, beauty and equality, and also contained discussions in aesthetics,
political philosophy, theology, cosmology, epistemology and the philosophy of language.

3. Plato founded the Academy in Athens, one of the first institutions of higher learning in the Western
world. He died in Athens circa 348 B.C.E.

4. Traditional history estimates Plato's birth was around 428 B.C.E., but more modern scholars, tracing
later events in his life, believe he was born between 424 and 423 B.C.E.

5. Both of his parents came from the Greek aristocracy. Plato's father, Ariston, descended from the kings
of Athens and Messenia. His mother, Perictione, is said to be related to the 6th century B.C.E. Greek
statesman Solon.
6. As with many young boys of his social class, Plato was probably taught by some of Athens' finest
educators.

7. As a young man, Plato experienced two major events that set his course in life. One was meeting the
great Greek philosopher Socrates.

8. The other significant event was the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta, in which Plato
served for a brief time between 409 and 404 B.C.E.

9. After Socrates's death, Plato traveled for 12 years throughout the Mediterranean region, studying
mathematics with the Pythagoreans in Italy, and geometry, geology, astronomy and religion in Egypt.

10. Plato's impact on philosophy and the nature of humans has had a lasting impact far beyond his
homeland of Greece. His work covered a broad spectrum of interests and ideas: mathematics, science
and nature, morals and political theory.

Personal Information:

1. Socrates was a scholar, teacher and philosopher

2. His Socratic method laid the groundwork for Western systems of logic and philosophy.

3.When the political climate of Greece turned against him, Socrates was sentenced to death by hemlock
poisoning in 399 B.C. He accepted this judgment rather than fleeing into exile.

4. Socrates was the son of Sophroniscus, an Athenian stonemason and sculptor, and Phaenarete, a
midwife.

5. Because he wasn't from a noble family, he probably received a basic Greek education and learned his
father's craft at a young age. It's believed Socrates worked as mason for many years before he devoted
his life to philosophy.

6. Contemporaries differ in their account of how Socrates supported himself as a philosopher. Both
Xenophon and Aristophanes state Socrates received payment for teaching, while Plato writes Socrates
explicitly denied accepting payment, citing his poverty as proof.

7. Socrates married Xanthippe, a younger woman, who bore him three sons: Lamprocles, Sophroniscus
and Menexenus.

8.He participated in three military campaigns during the Peloponnesian War, at Delium, Amphipolis and
Potidaea, where he saved the life of Alcibiades, a popular Athenian general.

9. Socrates was known for his fortitude in battle and his fearlessness, a trait that stayed with him
throughout his life.