Abstract

Over the past decade, various technologies have been introduced in the education system and
whether the use of technology increases the educational outcomes of students has been the
subject of debate. This study mainly focused to examine the use of technology in educational
in order to improve the process of teaching and learning method. In order to examine this issue,
a study have been conduct which acquire the team members to read past research article and
journals that have been conducted over the past few years. In general, it was found that the
implementation of technology in education have received both positive and negative impacts
which can be a lesson for the improvement in educational field in the future. In other words, the
utilization of technology among students should be supervised. Ideally, the results will
encourage future field research to improve technology-led education awareness.
Findings

This study mainly focus to examine the use of technology in educational in order to improve the
process of teaching and learning method. Generally, there are several distinct ways of
incorporating technology into classrooms to create an improved learning environment. The
findings of this research have been examine through reading. From the reading of scholar article,
it was found that there are several positives impacts on the implementation of technology on
education. Although technology integration into education hopes to facilitate children's
development into useful and productive people in the future, some factors do not enable it to
arise into a coherent reality.

It was found that a randomized controlled experiment was performed in California where more
than a thousand computers are randomly distributed free to children attending 6th-10th grade
for home use (Fairlie and Kalil, 2016). As a result, they noticed that the children given to
computers are more likely to have a social networking site, but they often spend more time
communicating individually with peers. Additionally, no causal effects on academic achievement
were observed and only a small positive contribution to the social development of children. For
example, most kids use home computers for fun rather than homework or other successful study
unless supervised. The consequence is a fall in academic performance.

In order to facilitate students with technology for their education, drastic changes must be
occurred. According to Delgado, Wardlow, McKnight, & O’Malley (2015), one of the biggest
changes occurring in the digital age is the movement to increase access. This transition is from
a model that has one or few computers in classrooms, which makes integrating e-learning
activities difficult, to a model that strives to get one computer or other e-learning digital device
into the hands of every student every day. In addition, computing environment holds great
promise to create effective learning, especially as it means more timely hands on technology
for each student (Bebell, 2005; Bebell & Kay, 2010; Bebell & O'Dwyer, 2010).

Furthermore, according to the Flipped Learning Network (2014), four F-L-I-P pillars are flexible
environments culture of learning, intentional content and professional educators, which serve
as a framework for teachers to be integrated into their training. For example, the flexible
environment reflects the fact that educators using this method should develop flexible learning
environments to promote group study and independent study. This allows students to choose
how and where to learn. In addition, teachers flipping their classes have more flexible schedules
that allow students to work at their own speed.
Other than that, equipping students with technology is important as they enter the digital age.
As noted, the best ways to incorporate technology into training and teaching must be determined
by teachers and administrators. One option is for schools and/or districts to purchase for their
students in their classrooms the equipment, technology, insurance and services. This means
that cost savings also occurred when sales are bundled. A benefit of this strategy is that when
sales are bundled, cost savings also occur. Furthermore, such an approach also leads students
and teacher. And, as many schools currently face significant budget shortfalls, equipment
acquisitions, and maintenance of these devices, it is sometimes not feasible for all students in
a school or districts to work with the same digital devices that address issues of fairness, safety,
and access.

Moreover, it found in a research where technology such as cellphones can increase student
engagement and motivation. Teachers were asked if cell phones could enhance student
learning in a study by Thomas, O'Bannon, and Bolton (2013). More than half (59%) believed
that cell phones could help increase student involvement and motivation in this day and age.
Previously, the obstacle to overcoming having cell phones in the classroom was the belief that
cell phones would be disruptive to the learning environment. Furthermore, students in the Berry
and Westfall survey (2017) also thought that they experience more frequent interruptions in the
classroom, even if the interaction is non-verbal such as using cell phones for something other
than talking on them.

However, the negatives impact on the usage of technology for learning also were recorded by
Charles T. Clotfelter et. al. (2008). For instance, when students spend too much time on
computers to study or do work, they may suffer for their physical health. Students can develop
repetitive strain injuries if they are incorrectly built or shaped for their computer stations. Even,
for extended amounts of time, looking at a computer screen could damage the eyesight of
children. Students who spend too much time on a computer may also not get enough exercise.
Other than that, disadvantages were discovered to posting online lessons is that it can promote
the reliance of students in the classroom on technology. Many are now carrying laptops and cell
phones to access information during class discussions instead of traditional textbooks. While
electronic devices can be valuable learning tools, they can also contribute to learning
distractions such as social networking and online games.
Reference

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