Divisional Model College, Main Campus Faisalabad

Session 2019-2020
Ch #1, 2-Generation of Computers, Measuring the Computer’s Memory

Name: Class: 5th Roll#:

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. What was the span of first generation of computers?

a) 1950 – 1955 b) 1946 – 1958 c) 1945 – 1953 d) 1951 – 1959
2. An example of second-generation computers was:
a) RCA 501 b) ENIAC c) Smart watch d) Microcomputer
3. Silicon Chip was invented by:
a) Robert Uncles b) Bill Gates c) Robert Noyce & Jack Kilby d) Jack Shaw & Robert Bill
4. How do we measure the computer’s memory?
a) Kilograms b) Inch c) Byte d) Centimeters
5. Which language a computer understands?
a) French b) Native c) High level language d) Machine Language
6. A nibble consists of:
a) 1024 bytes b) 4 bits c) 8 bytes d) 2 bits
7. PC stands for:
a) Personal Computer b) PitCrew c) Pocket Computer d) Personal Cell
8. When were transistors invented?
a) 1949 b) 1947 c) 1959 d) 1964
9. Which of the following is a first-generation computer?
a) HP 3000 b) ASCI White c) ENIAC d) RCA 501
10. Fourth generation computers are called --------------------
a) Microcomputers b) supercomputers c) Personal Computers d) Both a&c

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH APPROPRIATE WORDS

1. First generation computers used Vacuum tubes technology.

2. Second generation of computers spanned from 1959 to 1964.
3. IBM 360 was a real-life example of third generation computers.
4. Millions of transistors were put onto a single chip during fourth generation of computers.
5. Vacuum tubes gave off a lot of heat because they were made of glass.
6. Binary digits are 0 and 1
7. A byte consists of 8 bits.
8. 1 Terabyte equals 1024GB.
9. IBM 360 was built using Integrated circuit.
10. 1 nibble = ½ byte
11. ENIAC stands for Electrical Numerical Integrator and Calculator.
12. Transistors were smaller than vacuum tubes.
13. Fourth generation computers are made with microprocessor chip.

MATCH THE COLUMNS

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 Column A Column B Column C(Answers)
ENIAC Nibble
Fourth Generation 1 byte
Third Generation First Generation
Smaller than Vacuum Tubes Compact Disc
Millions of Transistors 1 Megabyte
1965 – 70 1 Gigabyte
8 bits Transistors
1024 Kilobytes Personal Computers
Secondary Storage IBM 360
700 MB Microprocessor
Half Byte Third Generation
1024 Megabytes Hard Disk
Floppy Disk

POSSIBLE QUESTION ANSWERS (INCLUDING EXERCISES)

Q1) Mention any three differences between first-generation and second-generation computers.
Ans) First Generation Computers:
1. First generation computers used vacuum tubes.
2. They were huge.
3. They required more power.
Second Generation Computers:
1. Second generation computers used Transistors.
2. They were Smaller than first generation computers.
3. They required less power as compared to first generation computers.
Q2) Why were transistors better than vacuum tubes?
Ans) Transistors were better than vacuum tubes because of the following characteristics:
1. They didn’t produce as much heat as compared to vacuum tubes.
2. They were less expensive than vacuum tubes.
3. They were smaller in size.
4. They were more reliable.
5. They didn’t require as much power to function as compared to vacuum tubes.
Q3) Computers of which generation were based on transistors?
Ans) Second generation computers were based on transistors.
Q4) Why have computers shrunk in size over the years?
Ans) Due to the innovation in technology, components kept getting smaller which ultimately lead to the
reduction in the size of computers. For example, computers with vacuum tubes were very large but they
were replaced by smaller computers that contained transistors. Then came silicon chips and after that,
microprocessors came along.
Q5) What is a microprocessor?
Ans) Microprocessor is a complete CPU contained on a single chip and has millions of transistors.
Q6) What do you know about fourth-generation computers?

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Ans) Fourth generation spanned across 1971 – Present. Computers of this generation are also called
personal computers or microcomputers because they contain microprocessors. Microprocessor is a
complete CPU contained on a single chip. These computers can be found in our homes.
Q7) What do you know about third-generation of computers?
Ans) Third generation of computers went on from 1965 to 1970. Integrated circuits (IC) were used in the
computers of this generation. IC (integrated circuits) are also known as Silicon Chips. One integrated circuit
could replace a large number of transistors. A real-life example of third generation computers was IBM 360.
Computers of this generation were better than second generation computers.
Q8) Who invented the silicon chip and in which year?
Ans) Robert Noyce and Jack Kilby invented the silicon chip in the year 1959.
Q9) What is machine language?
Ans) A computer can only understand machine language. This language is made up of only 0 and 1. When a
command is given to a computer, it is first translated into machine language.
Q10) Can we give commands to a computer in machine language?
Ans) Yes, we can give commands to a computer by using only machine langue but this is too difficult. We
know that machine language is made up of 0 and 1 so we can easily get confused by writing all these zeroes
and ones.
Q11) What are binary digits?
Ans) The digits 0 and 1 which computer works with, are called binary digits.
Q12) Define a byte?
Ans) The basic unit for measuring the memory of a computer is byte. A byte consists of a group of 8 bits. For
example, 10001101. So, 8 bits = 1 byte.
Q13)What are larger units (other than kilobyte and megabyte) used for measuring the computer’s
memory?
Ans) Larger units for measuring the computer’s memory are Gigabyte (GB) and Terabyte (TB). 1024 MB = 1
GB, 1024 GB = 1 TB.
Q14) Write down all of the units for measuring the computer’s memory?
Ans) 8 bits = 1 byte, 1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB) ,1024 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte (MB) ,1024 Megabytes = 1
Gigabyte (GB),1024 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte (1TB)
Q15) Name some secondary storage devices and mention their capacities.
Ans) USB Pen Drive has a common storage size of 8 GB.
Hard Disk has a common storage size of 1 TB.
Q16) How many bytes does it take to store the following in computer’s memory?
a) This is my book.
Ans) One byte is enough to store a single character so counting the characters in the sentence including
spaces and full stop, we get 16. Sixteen bytes are required to store this sentence.
b) ******McDonald’s******
Ans) Twenty Two bytes are required to store this sentence.
C) “Today’s lesson is on division”, she said.
Ans) Forty-two bytes are required to store this lesson.

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