1.

Refining Capacity
Indian refining industry has done exceedingly well in establishing itself as a
major player globally. India is emerging as a refinery hub and refining
capacity exceeds the demand. The last decade has seen a tremendous
growth in the refining sector. The country’s refining capacity has increased
from a modest 62 Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA) in 1998 to
215.066 MMTPA at present, comprising of 22 refineries - 17 under Public
Sector, 3 under private sector and 2 in Joint Venture (JV). During 2011-12,
two new JV refineries of 6 MMTPA and 15 MMTPA were commissioned in
Bina, Madhya Pradesh and Bathinda, Punjab. These refineries would
augment the availability of BS IV compliant fuels in Central and Northern
parts of the country.

The capacity wise details of the refineries are given below:

Sr. Refinery Name of the Company Name Plate

No. Location Capacity
(MMTPA)*
PSU Refineries
1 Guwahati 1.00
2 Barauni 6.00
3 Koyali 1370
4 Haldia 7.50
5 Mathura Indian Oil Corporation Limited 8.00
6 Digboi 0.65
7 Panipat 15.00
8 Bongaigaon 2.35
9 Mumbai Hindustan Petroleum 6.50
10 Visakhapatnam Corporation Limited 8.30
11 Mumbai Bharat Petroleum Corporation 12.00
12 Kochi Limited 9.50
13 Manali Chennai Petroleum 10.50
14 Nagapattinam Corporation Limited 1.00
15 Numaligarh Numaligarh Refinery Ltd. 3.00
16 Mangalore MRPL 15.00
17 Tatipaka, AP ONGC 0.66
Total 120.066
JV Refineries
18 Bina Bharat Oman Refinery Ltd. 6.00
19 Bathinda HPCL Mittal Energy Ltd. 9.00
Total 15.00
 Private Sector Refineries
20 Jamnagar Reliance Industries Limited 33.00
21 SEZ, Jamnagar 27.00
22 Vadinar Essar Oil Limited 20.00
Total 80.00
Grand Total 215.066
*MMTPA-Million Metric Tonne Per Annum

The refining capacity is not only sufficient for domestic consumption but
leaving a substantial surplus also for export of petroleum products. Since
2001-02, India is a net exporter of petroleum products. During 2011-12,
the country has exported 60.5 MMT of Petroleum products worth US
Dollars 58.2 billion. As per Platts assessment, India is the largest exporter
of petroleum products in Asia since August 2009.

2. EXPANSION OF EXISTING REFINERIES

Capacity expansion planned during XII Five Year Plan has been indicated in
Table 2.

Table 2

S.No. Name of the Company Location of Increase

the Refinery in
Capacity,
MMTPA
1 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Koyali, 4.300
(IOCL) Vadodara,
Gujarat
2 Indian Oil Corporation Limited Haldia, 0.500
(IOCL) West Bengal
3 Hindustan Petroleum Mumbai, 2.000
Corporation Limited (HPCL) Maharashtra
4 Hindustan Petroleum Visakhapatnam, 6.700
Corporation Limited (HPCL) Andhra Pradesh
5 Bharat Petroleum Corporation Mumbai, 1.500
Limited (BPCL) Maharashtra
6 Bharat Petroleum Corporation Kochi, Kerala 6.000
Limited (BPCL)
7 Chennai Petroleum Corporation Manali, 0.600
Limited (CPCL) Tamil Nadu
8 Numaligarh Refinery Limited Numaligarh, 5.000
 S.No. Name of the Company Location of Increase
the Refinery in
Capacity,
MMTPA
(NRL) Assam
9 Mangalore Refinery & Mangalore, 3.000
Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL) Karnataka
10 Bharat Oman Refinery Limited Bina, 3.000
(Bharat Petroleum Corporation Madhya
Limited & Oman Oil Company, Pradesh
Joint Venture), Bina
11 Essar Oil Limited (EOL); Private Jamnagar, 18.000
Sector Gujarat
TOTAL 50.600

3. NEW REFINERIES
New grassroots refineries coming in the near future are indicated in Table
3.

Table 3

S.No. Name of the Location Capacity, Expected date

Company of the MMTPA * of
Refinery Commissioning
1 Indian Oil Pardip, 15.000 Sept,2013
Corporation Limited Orissa
(IOCL)
2 Nagarjuna Oil Cuddalore, 6.000 Last quarter of
Corporation Limited Tamil Nadu 2013-14
(NOCL)
3 Maharashtra Ratnagiri 9.000 Last quarter of
Refinery, 2016-17
(HPCL)
4. Barmer Refinery Pachpadra 9.000 Last quarter of
(HPCL) 2017
TOTAL 39.000
4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE REFINERIES
4.1 Guwahati Refinery(Assam)-Indian Oil Corporation Limited
(IOCL):

Guwahati Refinery, the first in public sector, was set up in collaboration

with Romania at a cost of Rs. 17.29 crore and commissioned on 1st
January, 1962 with design capacity of 0.75 MMTPA. The present capacity
of the Refinery is 1.00 MMTPA. Hydrotreater Unit along with Hydrogen
Generation unit for improving the quality of diesel has been installed and
commissioned in 2002. The refinery has also installed Indmax Unit, a
novel technology developed by IOCL R&D Centre for upgrading heavy
ends to LPG, motor spirit and diesel oil in 2003.

Under the Motor Spirit Quality Upgradation Project, Guwahati Refinery

commissioned Naphtha Hydrotreater, Isomerization unit and allied facilities
in December 2010 for meeting present Motor Spirit quality requirements.

4.2 Barauni Refinery (Bihar)-Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) :

Barauni Refinery in Eastern India was built in collaboration with the Soviet
Union at a cost of Rs. 49.4 crore and was commissioned in July, 1964. By
1969, capacity was expanded to 3.3 MMTPA and further augmented to 4.2
MMTPA in 2000. A Catalytic Reformer Unit (CRU) was also added to the
refinery in 1997 for production of unleaded motor spirit. The refining
capacity was further increased to 6 MMTPA in 2002 with the
implementation of Barauni Refinery Expansion project, which also included
Residue Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (RFCCU) and Diesel
Hydrotreating Unit (DHDT) along with Hydrogen Generation unit.

MS Quality Upgradation project consisting of Naphtha Hydrotreater, 2nd

Hydrogen Generation unit, Isomerization, FCC gasoline Desulphurization
units etc. were commissioned in December, 2010 for meeting present
Motor Spirit quality requirements.

4.3 Koyali Refinery (Gujarat)- Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) :

The Koyali Refinery was built with Soviet assistance at a cost of Rs.26.00
crore and was commissioned in October, 1965. The Refinery had an initial
capacity of 2 MMTPA and was designed to process crude from Ankleshwar,
Kalol and Nawagam oilfields of Oil & Natural Gas Commission in Gujarat.
In September, 1967, the capacity of the Refinery was expanded to 3
MMTPA. The capacity of the Refinery was further increased to 4.3 MMTPA
through debottlenecking measures and to 7.3 MMTPA in October, 1978 by
implementing an expansion project of Rs.56.07 crores. With the
 implementation of additional processing facilities, the Refinery could
achieve capacity of 9.5 MMTPA in 1989.

To match secondary processing capacity in line with crude processing

capacity, Hydrocracking unit (HCU) was commissioned in Dec’ 1993 .The
refining capacity was further expanded to 12.5 MMTPA with
commissioning of 3.0 MMTPA CDU in September, 1999. For meeting
diesel quality norms, DHDS unit was installed and commissioned in June’
1999. The present refining capacity of this refinery is 13.70 MMTPA.

A Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB) plant was commissioned in Aug’ 2004 for
conversion of Kerosene to high value products. In order to meet Motor
Spirit quality requirements, CCRU plant was commissioned in Oct’ 2006.
With the implementation of Residue Upgradation project comprising of
VGO Hydrotreater of 2.1 MMTPA capacity, Diesel Hydrotreater,
Isomerisation Unit and Indian Oil’s largest Delayed Coker unit of 3.7
MMTPA capacity and associated units, Koyali Refinery is now capable of
upgrading heavy residue to fuel products and fully compliant to present
BS-III / BS-IV Motor Spirit and Diesel quality requirements.

4.4 Haldia Refinery( West Bengal)- Indian Oil Corporation Limited

(IOCL):

The Haldia Refinery for processing 2.5 MMTPA of Middle East crude was
commissioned in January, 1975 with two sectors- one for producing fuel
products and other for Lube oil base stocks. The fuel sector was built with
French collaboration and the Lube sector with Romanian collaboration.
The fuel sector includes Catalytic Reforming unit and Kero Hydro-
desulphurisation units which were commissioned in January, 1975.

The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 3.16 MMTPA in May’
1988 and further to 3.4 MMTPA in May’ 1996 through debottlenecking
measures. The refining capacity was further expanded to 4.4 MMTPA
with the commissioning of new crude distillation unit of 1.0 MMTPA in
March, 1997. The capacity of the second crude distillation unit was
augmented to 2.4 MMTPA in June 1999 and further to 4.1 MMTPA in Jan
2010. The present refining capacity of this refinery is 7.5 MMTPA.

Hydrogen Generation unit and Diesel Hydro-desulphurization (DHDS) unit

were commissioned for meeting diesel quality in Aug’1999 & Sep’ 1999
respectively. Catalytic De-waxing unit was commissioned in March 2003
which can produce API Group-II Lube base stock and first of its kind in
India. Residue Fluidized Catalytic Cracker Unit (RFCCU) was
commissioned in Sept’ 2001 as additional secondary processing unit.MS
 Quality Upgradation project was commissioned in Oct’ 2005 for meeting
quality requirement for Motor Spirit. New Hydrogen Generation unit was
commissioned in Jan’10 and Once through Hydrocracker (OHCU) project
was implemented in February 2010 for improving Distillate yield and
producing BS-III / BS-IV compliant High Speed diesel (HSD).

4.5 Mathura Refinery (Uttar Pradesh)- Indian Oil Corporation Limited

(IOCL) :

The Mathura Refinery with a capacity of 6.00 MMTPA was set up at a cost
of Rs 253.92 crore. The Refinery was commissioned in January, 1982
excluding Fluidised Catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) and Sulphur Recovery
Units (SRUs) which were commissioned in Jan, 1983. The major secondary
processing units provided were Fluidised Catalytic cracking unit (FCCU),
Visbreaker unit (VBU) and Bitumen Blowing unit (BBU). While CDU, VDU
and BBU units were designed by USSR, the technology for FCCU and VBU
were obtained from UOP, USA. For production of unleaded gasoline,
Continuous Catalytic Reforming unit (CCRU) was commissioned in 1998
with Technology from IFP, France.

The refining capacity of this refinery was expanded to 7.5 MMTPA in 1989
by debottlenecking and revamping. A DHDS Unit was commissioned in
1999 for production of HSD with low sulphur content of 0.25% wt. (max.).
Once through Hydrocracker (OHCU) project was commissioned in July’
2000 as additional secondary processing unit.

For meeting diesel and Motor Spirit quality, Diesel Hydro-Treater (DHDT)
and Penex units were commissioned in May’2005 and June’2005
respectively. MS quality upgradation project for treatment of FCCU
gasoline was implemented in February’ 2010 for meeting the quality
requirement of BS-IIIand BS-IV Motor Spirit. The current refining capacity
of this Refinery is 8.00 MMTPA.

4.6 Digboi Refinery (Assam)- Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) :

The Refinery was set up at Digboi in 1901 by Assam Oil Company Limited.
The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. took over the Refinery and marketing
management of Assam Oil Company Ltd. with effect from 14.10.1981 and
created a separate division. This division had both Refinery and Marketing
operations. The Refinery at Digboi had an installed capacity 0.50 MMTPA.
The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 0.65 MMTPA by
modernization of refinery in July, 1996. A new Delayed Coking Unit of
1,70,000 TPA capacity was commissioned in 1999. A new Solvent De-
 waxing Unit for maximizing production of micro-crystalline was installed
and commissioned in 2003.

The refinery has also installed Hydrotreater and Hydrogen plant in 2003 to
improve the quality of diesel. Naphtha Hydrotreater and Isomerization
units were commissioned in December’ 2010 under the Motor Spirit
Quality Upgradation Project aimed at meeting the current Motor Spirit
quality requirement.

4.7 Panipat Refinery (Haryana)- Indian Oil Corporation Limited

(IOCL) :

The refinery was set up in 1998 at Baholi Village in Distt. Panipat, Haryana
at a cost of Rs.3868 crore with a refining capacity of 6.0 MMTPA. Refining
capacity was expanded from 6 MMTPA to 12 MMTPA in Aug’ 2006. Major
secondary units in the extended facilities include Hydro-cracking Unit,
Delayed Coking unit, Diesel Hydro-treating Unit etc. Country’s largest
Purified Terepthalic Acid (PTA) plant was commissioned in June’ 2006.

MS Quality Upgradation project for treatment of FCCU gasoline was

implemented in January’ 2010 for meeting the quality requirement of BS-
III and BS-IV Motor Spirit.

The refining capacity of Panipat Refinery was enhanced from 12.0 MMTPA
to 15.0 MMTPA after the revamp of its Crude Distillation Unit in November’
2010. Capacity augmentation of Delayed Coking unit and Once through
Hydro-cracking unit were also carried out in 2010.Heralding Indian Oil’s
entry into Plastics Industry, Panipat Naphtha Cracker Unit, Mono ethylene
Glycol (MEG) unit, Poly propylene (PP) unit, Linear Low density Poly
Ethylene (LLDPE) and High density Poly ethylene (HDPE) units etc. were
commissioned progressively between March 2010 to May 2010.

4.8 Bongaigaon Refinery (Assam)- Indian Oil Corporation Limited

(IOCL) :

Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd. (BRPL) was incorporated on

20th February 1974 as a Govt. Company fully owned by the Central
Government with the objective of installation of the Refinery having a
crude processing capacity of 1.0 MMTPA and a Petrochemical Complex
consisting of Xylene, Di-Methyl Terepthalate (DMT) and Polyester Staple
Fibre (PSF) Units. The initial authorized capital of the Company was Rs.50
crores.
 The complex was built and commissioned in phases. The capacity of Crude
Distillation Unit-I which was commissioned in 1979, was increased to 1.35
MMTPA from April, 1987 by de-bottlenecking. Delayed coking unit-I and
coke calcination units were commissioned in 1981. Catalytic Reforming
unit was commissioned in 1984. The Crude processing capacity of the
Refinery has been increased to 2.35 MMTPA in June, 1995 by installing
Crude distillation unit –II of 1 MMTPA capacity. Delayed coking unit-II was
commissioned in 1996.

The authorized capital (equity) of the company was increased to Rs. 200
crores by December’ 1983 and the paid-up capital was increased to Rs.
199.82 crores. The Government of India was holding the entire paid-up
capital of the Company till 1990-91. Government disinvested 25.54% of its
share holding in BRPL to UTI and other Financial Institutions and
employees of the Company during 1991-92 to 1993-94.The last
disinvestment of 74.46% was made in favour of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
on 29th March, 2001. As a result, BRPL became a subsidiary of Indian Oil
Corporation Ltd. Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemicals Limited has been
amalgamated with the holding company, Indian Oil Corporation Limited
effective from March 25, 2009.

Diesel Hydrotreater and Light Naphtha isomerisation & Hydrogen

Generation unit have been commissioned in 2011 for meeting Diesel and
motor spirit quality.

4.9 Mumbai Refinery (Maharashtra)- Hindustan Petroleum

Corporation Limited (HPCL)

Mumbai Refinery was first incorporated in 1952 as Standard Vacuum

Refining Company of India (StanVac) which was commissioned in 1954
with an installed capacity of 1.25 MMTPA. In 1962 StanVac was named
ESSO India Limited.

In 1969, the installed capacity was augmented to 2.5 MMTPA.

Simultaneously Lube India Ltd came into existence for manufacturing Lube
Oil Base Stock (LOBS), with a capacity of 165 TMTPA. On 15 th July, 1974
the undertakings of ESSO and Lube India Ltd were nationalized and
merged to form Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL).

In 1983, the refinery was debottlenecked to increase the capacity to 3.5

MMTPA. During 1985, a major augmentation was carried out by adding a
new crude distillation unit with a capacity of 2.0 MMTPA taking the refining
capacity to 5.5 MMTPA. In 2009, further expansion was carried out with
augmentation of units and the Refinery capacity enhanced to 6.5 MMTPA.
The Lube refinery unit had its first expansion in 1983. The capacity
increased to 225 TMTPA from 165 TMTPA. In 1995, the refinery was
further expanded by augmenting the capacity of the Propane Dewaxing
Unit (PDU) and adding a Propane De Asphalting Unit (PDA). The capacity
was thus increased to 335 TMTPA of LOBS which is the largest in India
even today.

In 2011, the refinery has set up Lube Oil Base Stock (LOBS) project in an
effort to upgrade and enhance the existing grade of Lubes oils. With this
project, the capacity will increase to 400 TMTPA which includes superior
quality group II and III grades of LOBS.

To attain self-sufficiency in the energy requirements, the refinery has

installed Captive Power Plant (CPP) with a capacity of 21 MW in the year
1989 which was later enhanced phase wise in 1995 and 2000 to reach
power generation capacity of 48 MW.

To align with the Auto Fuel Policy, Mumbai Refinery embarked on various
projects like the Diesel Hydro Desulphurization (DHDS) project which was
commissioned in the year 2000 with a capacity of 1.8 MMTPA for
producing diesel of Euro II/III quality. Further, the Green Fuel Emission
Project (GFEC) was commissioned in the year 2009 for producing MS of
Euro-III & Euro-IV quality. Recently the “Diesel Hydro Treater (DHT)” with
capacity of 2.2 MMTPA project is under commissioning for enhancing
production of BS-IV compliant diesel.

In 2010 a new Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU-II) of capacity 1.45

MMTPA was commissioned. This has increased the production of value
added products like LPG and MS. This would add to the refinery margins
of the Refinery significantly. The refinery also produces special products
like Food Grade Hexane, Rubber Processing (RPO), Diana Processing oil
etc. thus covering a wide spectrum of products.

Mumbai Refinery processes 72% of High Sulphur crude oil sourced from
the Persian Gulf region and 28 % of Low Sulphur crude predominantly
from Mumbai High.

The refinery gives paramount importance to the environment. In this

regard, the refinery has set up a state-of-the art Integrated Effluent
Treatment Plant (IETP), which is one of its kind in the country. IETP meets
the norms laid down by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and
also cater to further stringent standards. It was commissioned in the year
2010.
4.10 Visakh Refinery (Andhra Pradesh)- Hindustan Petroleum
Corporation Limited (HPCL)

HPCL’s Visakh Refinery was commissioned in 1957 by Caltex Oil Refining

(India) Ltd. with an installed capacity of 0.675 MMTPA .This was one of
the first major industries of Visakhapatnam and also the first oil Refinery
on the East Coast. The Refinery was taken over by the Government of
India in 1976 and was consequently amalgamated with HPCL in 1978.

Over the years, the refining capacity was increased to 1.5 MMTPA by
debottlenecking the units. In 1985, the first major refinery capacity
augmentation was taken up under “Visakh Refinery Expansion Project-I”
(VREP-I) by commissioning separate stream of 3.0 MMTPA Crude
Distillation Unit (CDU-II), Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU-II),
Crude Oil receiving facilities at high seas (Off Shore Tanker Terminal) and
associated tankage and product dispatch facilities. Thus the installed
capacity was increased to 4.5 MMTPA.

The second major expansion “Visakh Refinery Expansion Project-II”

(VREP-II) took place in the year 1999 and the refining capacity was
increased from 4.5 MMTPA to 7.5 MMTPA. Further augmentation of
Refinery units was carried out and Refining capacity enhanced to 8.3
MMTPA in 2009-10. The refinery had two FCCU that were debottlenecked
over the period of time, the latest of which was in 2010 increasing the
secondary unit capacity to 2 MMTPA. These capacity additions have made
the secondary processing capacity commensurate with the increased crude
distillation capacity.The refinery also has Propylene Recovery Unit (PRU)
with a capacity of 0.023 MMTPA that caters to the requirement of
neighbouring industries.

To align with the Auto Fuel Policy, Visakh Refinery also took up various
projects like the Diesel Hydro Desulphurization (DHDS) project of 2.4
MMTPA which was commissioned in the year 2000 to produce diesel
meeting the BS II/III specifications. Further, to upgrade MS quality from
BS-II to BS-III &BS-IV, Clean Fuel Project (CFP) was commissioned in the
year 2009. Recently the “Diesel Hydro Treater (DHT)” project has been
taken up for enhancing production of BS-IV compliant diesel. The project
is in advanced stage of completion and is expected to be commissioned
shortly.

To attain self-sufficiency in the energy requirements, the refinery installed

Captive Power Plant (CPP) with a capacity of 15 MW in the year 1992. This
was later enhanced in phases by 40 MW each along with the VREP-II and
VRCFP projects to a total generation capacity of 94 MW.
 Visakh Refinery processes 60% of High Sulphur crude oil sourced from the
Persian Gulf region and 40% of Low Sulphur crude sourced from West
Africa and Far East regions including Domestic crudes like Ravva and RIL
KG-D6.

Commissioning of the Single Point Mooring (SPM) facility at Visakh in the

year 2010 adds another feather to the cap. Very Large Crude Carriers
(VLCC), which carry up to 2 million barrels of oil, can now be received at
Visakh Refinery and, in future, for the Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves
Ltd. (ISPRL) coming up nearby. VLCCs provide economies of scale and will
reduce crude oil freight costs.

4.11 Mumbai Refinery (Maharashtra) – Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Limited (BPCL).

The refinery in Mumbai was commissioned in January 1955 under the

ownership of Burmah Shell Refineries Ltd with an original design capacity
to process 2.2 MMPTA of crude oil. Following the Government acquisition
of the Burmah Shell, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd came into
existence on 24th January 1976 as a result of the Governament of India
acquiring Burmah Shell Refinery. Since then, the crude throughput of the
refinery has been consistently enhanced by de-bottlenecking the existing
facilities and the installed capacity increased to 6 MMPTA in 1985. With
the successful commissioning of “Refinery Modernization Project” (RMP) in
2005, the current refinery capacity stands at 12 MMPTA.

The Mumbai refinery has pioneered the processing of indigenous crude oil
and currently can handle processing of 72 types of crude oil. Along with
the capacity enhancement, the Refinery commissioned a Lube Base Oil
Unit for production of environment friendly Group II base oil. The refinery
has embarked on a project to install a state of the art distillation unit with
associated facilities by dismantling the vintage CDU for enhancing capacity
and achieving improved energy efficiency.

BPCL Mumbai refinery is an ISO 9001, 14001 & OHSAS 18001 refinery.
The refinery has also been accredited with the unique distinction of a
quality certification from National Accreditation Board for Testing and
Calibration of Laboratories (NABL) for Quality Assurance Laboratory.

4.12 Kochi Refinery (Kerala) – Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited

(BPCL)

The Kochi Refinery Ltd (KRL), a public sector undertaking was set up in
pursuance of formation agreement dated 27th April, 1963 between Govt.
 of India, Philips Petroleum Co. of USA and Duncan Brothers of Calcutta
with an initial capacity of 2.5 MMPTA. The capacity was increased to 3.3
MMPTA by September 1973 and to 4.5 MMPTA in November 1994.The
crude processing capacity of the refinery was further increased to 7.5
MMTPA in the year 1994 with the addition of a new 3.0 MMTPA Crude
Distillation unit (CDU-2). The FCC unit capacity was also increased to 1.4
MMTPA along with this, to match the crude capacity.

As part of capacity expansion & to meet environmental regulations of

fuels, BPCL-Kochi Refinery has implemented the project CEMP Phase II in
2009-10. The project included expansion of CDU-2 capacity from 3.0 to
5.0 MMTPA, new CCR unit and new VGO HDS unit, as a result of which
capacity of Kochi Refinery stands at 9.5 MMPTA. Kochi refinery has
undertaken an ambitious expansion plan to enhance refining capacity to
15.5 MMTPA and also to diversify into petrochemical manufacturing for
value addition.

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd acquired the shares of Govt. of India in

KRL in March’ 2001. Pursuant to order dated 18th August 2006 issued by
Ministry of Company Affairs, the refinery has been amalgamated with
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd to form BPCL Kochi Refinery.

Implementation of a Business Management System (SAP) was another

milestone in the history of KR’s advancement towards a modern refinery.
SAP was implemented in July’ 2003, integrating the activities of the
various functional areas of the company.

The refinery has implemented world class technology for operations and
enterprise resource planning. It is an ISO 14001 Environment
Management System (EMS) and ISO 9000:2000 Quality Management
System (QMS) accredited refinery and has also obtained the ISO 17025
(Testing methods in quality Control) certification by NABL (National
Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration of Laboratories).

With the prestigious crude oil receipt facilities of the Single Point Mooring
(SPM) and associated shore tank form in place since December 2007, the
refinery is equipped to receive crude oil in Very Large Crude Carriers
(VLCC).

4.13 Manali Refinery (Tamil Nadu) -Chennai Petroleum Corporation

Ltd. (CPCL)

Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL), formerly known as Madras

Refineries Limited (MRL) was formed as a joint venture in 1965 between
 the Government of India (GOI), AMOCO and National Iranian Oil Company
(NIOC) having a share holding in the ratio 74%: 13%: 13% respectively.
From the grassroots stage CPCL Refinery was set up with an installed
capacity of 2.5 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA) in a record time of 27
months at a cost of Rs. 43 crore without any time or cost overrun.

In 1985, AMOCO disinvested in favour of GOI and the shareholding

percentage of GOI and NIOC stood revised at 84.62% and 15.38%
respectively. Later GOI disinvested 16.92% of the paid up capital in favour
of Unit Trust of India, Mutual Funds, Insurance Companies and Banks on
19th May 1992, thereby reducing its holding to 67.7 %. As a part of the
restructuring steps taken up by the Government of India, Indian Oil
Corporation Limited (IOCL) acquired equity from GOI in 2000-01.

Currently IOC holds 51.88% while NIOC continued its holding at 15.40%.
Therefore, the CPCL became a subsidiary of IOCL in 2001. The Manali
Refinery has a capacity of 10.5 MMTPA and is one of the most complex
refineries in India with Fuel, Lube, Wax and Petrochemical feedstocks
production facilities.

CPCL has also implemented the following “First of its kind” Project in the
Oil industry:

• 5.8 MGD Sea Water Desalination Project to augment the water

requirements of its Refinery at a cost of Rs.231 Crores.

• Under its Renewable Energy Initiative, a Wind Energy Farm with a

capacity of 17.6 MW was commissioned at Pushpathur, Tamil Nadu in
2007 at a cost of Rs.90 Crores.

CPCL has commissioned a Wind Mill farm having 22 windmills with an

installed capacity of 17.6 MW at Pushpathur, Tamil Nadu in September,
2007. The power generated is being used by the Company’s captive Sea
water Desalination Plant through a wheeling arrangement with Tamil Nadu
Electricity Board (TNEB).

4.14 Basin Refinery (Nagapattinam-Tamil Nadu) – Chennai Petroleum

Cauvery Corporation Limited (CPCL)

CPCL's second refinery is located at Cauvery Basin at Nagapattinam. The

initial unit was set up in Nagapattinam with a capacity of 0.5 MMTPA in
1993 and later on its capacity was enhanced to 1.0 MMTPA.
 An Oil Jetty was commissioned in 2003 in Nagapattinam area for handling
crude and products for Cauvery Basin Refinery.

4.15 Numaligarh Refinery (ASSAM) - Numaligarh Refinery Limited

(NRL)

Numaligarh Refinery, popularly known as " Assam Accord Refinery" has

been set up as a grass -root refinery at Numaligarh in the district of
Golaghat ( Assam) in fulfilment of the commitment made by Government
of India in the historic " Assam Accord" , signed on 15-8-1985 for
providing thrust towards industrial and economic development of Assam.

Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) was incorporated as a Company on 22-

4-1993. Commercial production at Numaligarh Refinery commenced from
1.10.2000. Current shareholding pattern of NRL is: Bharat Petroleum
Corporation Limited (61.65%), Oil India Limited (26%) and Government of
Assam (12.35%). The refining capacity of this refinery is 3.0 MMTPA. NRL
has Hydrocracker with capacity 1.45 MMTPA and Delayed Coker with
0.306 MMTPA Capacity.

In order to meet BS III/IV specification of High Speed Diesel (HSD) as per

National Auto Fuel Policy, NRL implemented the Diesel Quality Upgradation
Project (DQUP) in June 2010. The implementation of DQUP has enabled
NRL to produce BS III/ IV grades of HSD at 100% capacity utilization of
the refinery.

4.16 Mangalore Refinery (KARNATAKA) - Mangalore Refinery and

Petrochemicals Ltd. (MRPL)

Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL) operates a grass

root refinery with a capacity of 15 MMTPA, at Mangalore, on the West
Coast in the ever green Dakshina Kannada District, about 350 kms, from
Bangaluru. The refinery’s first phase of 3.69 MMTPA was commissioned in
March 1996. In second phase, the capacity was increased to 11.82 MMTPA
and in the third phase, the company has increased its refining capacity to
15 MMTPA in 2012.

MRPL was originally set up as a Joint Venture refinery, promoted by

Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (HPCL) and the Aditya Birla Group
of Companies, pursuant to an MOU entered into amongst Govt. of India,
HPCL and Indian Rayon (Aditya Birla Group of Companies). On 28th
March, 2003 ONGC acquired the total shareholding of A.V. Birla Group and
further infused equity capital of Rs.600 crores thus making MRPL a
majority held subsidiary of ONGC. The lenders also agreed to the Debt
 Restructuring Package (DRP) proposed by ONGC, which included, inter-
alia, conversion upto 365 crore of their loans into equity. Subsequently,
ONGC has acquired equity allotted to the lenders pursuant to DRP raising
ONGC’s holding in MRPL to71.62 percent.

The Refinery has got a versatile design with high flexibility to process
Crudes with 24 to 46 API gravity and has high degree of Automation.
MRPL is the only Refinery in India to have 2 Hydrocrackers producing
Premium Diesel (High Cetane). It is also the only Refinery in India to have
2 CCRs producing Unleaded Petrol of High Octane.

MRPL has high standards in refining and environment protection matched

by its commitments to society. MRPL has also developed a Green Belt
around the entire Refinery with plant species specially selected to blend
with the local flora.

4.17 Tatipaka Refinery (Andhra Pradesh) – Oil & Natural Gas

Corporation Limited (ONGC)

A mini refinery (Phase-I) of ONGC with capacity of 0.066 MMTPA with an

approved cost of Rs.27.00 crore was commissioned in September, 2001 at
Tatipaka in East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh. Under Phase-II, an
additional refinery of same capacity of 0.066 MMTPA is under construction
with an approved cost of Rs.43.85 crore.

4.18 Reliance Industries Limited (Domestic Tariff Area)(RIL-DTA)

(Private Sector), JAMNAGAR (GUJARAT)

Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) has two refineries. The present capacity
of the first refinery (RIL-DTA) is 33 MMTPA. RIL-DTA is the World’s
biggest grassroots Refinery having a petrochemical plant for the
production of 1,550 KTPA Paraxylene, a polymer plant for the production
of 1,000 KTPA Polypropylene and a Captive Power Plant with an installed
capacity of 450 MW power through Gas Turbines & Steam Turbines.

4.19 Reliance Industries Limited-SEZ (RIL-SEZ) (Private Sector),

JAMNAGAR (GUJARAT)

Post amalgamation of Reliance Petroleum Limited with RIL, RPL refinery (a

unit in Jamnagar SEZ) has become the second refinery of RIL. The
Scheme of amalgamation is effective from 11th September, 2009 with an
appointed date being 1st April, 2008. The capacity of the second refinery
(RIL-SEZ) is 27 MMTPA .The SEZ refinery has a unique design and path
breaking configuration with ‘Clean Fuels’ process plant. It is designed with
high level of flexibility to change grades based on economy and to capture
 margins based on market dynamics. The new SEZ refinery is the first
refinery in India to produce Euro-IV grades of gasoline and diesel.

4.20 Essar Oil Limited (EOL) (Private Sector), VADINAR (GUJARAT)

The private sector refinery was commissioned in November 2006 with an

installed capacity of 10.50 MMTPA at Vadinar, Gujarat.The grass root
refinery was designed to process 10.5 MMTPA (210,000 BPSD) of Crude
along with secondary processing units like Fluidized catalytic cracking,
Naphtha & Diesel Hydrotreater, Continuous Catalytic Reformer, Vis
Breaker, Sulphur Recovery and Product treating units. Capacity of the
refinery was revamped to 14 MMTPA during the April’ 09 and further to 20
MMTPA w.e.f. 5th June 2012.

4.21 Bina Refinery - Bharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL) (Madhya

Pradesh)

A 6 MMTPA grassroots refinery set up by Bharat Oman Refineries Limited

(BORL), a joint venture of Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)
and Oman Oil Corporation Limited (OOCL) at Bina, District Sagar, Madhya
Pradesh, at an approved cost of about Rs.12,200 crore was dedicated to
the nation by Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh on
20.5.2011. This refinery would augment the availability of petroleum
products including BS III/IV compliant fuels in central and northern India.
Beside refinery, project facilities include crude supply system consisting of
a Single Point Mooring facility (SPM), Crude Oil Storage Terminal (COT) at
Vadinar in Gujarat, 935 km long cross country crude pipeline from Vadinar
to Bina (VBPL).

4.22 Guru Gobind Singh Refinery – HPCL-Mittal Energy Limited

(HMEL), Bathinda (Punjab)

Guru Gobind Singh Refinery (GGSR) is a refinery owned by Hindustan

Mittal Energy Limited (HMEL) a joint venture between HPCL and Mittal
Energy Limited, a company owned by Sh L. N. Mittal. It is located in
village Phulokheri, Bathinda, Punjab, India. The 9.0 MMTPA refinery was
dedicated to the Nation on April 28, 2012 by Hon’ble Prime Minister of
India, Dr.Manmohan Singh. The refinery is a testimony to a successful
Public Private Partnership in the oil and gas sector.The refinery is built to
help fulfil India's energy security needs. Given the strategic location of
Bathinda, the refinery will serve fuel requirements of the northern States
of India.HMEL has also incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary HPCL-
Mittal Pipelines Limited (HMPL) to set up and operate an SPM for crude oil
receipt, storage and cross country transportation of crude oil.
5. GUIDELINES FOR LAYING PETROLEUM PRODUCT
PIPELINES
Transportation of petroleum products, crude oil and gas through pipelines is
considered as the cheapest, safest and environment friendly mode of
transportation. The network of under-ground pipelines in the country has
grown in a big way in the last few decades. The network of pipelines is
immensely helpful in maintaining the supply chain of crude oil, petroleum
products and gas in the country. The onshore cross country pipelines are
laid underground at a depth of about 1.5 mtr. in a corridor of about 18 mtr.
Wide, and is operated normally at high pressure.

In a major decision towards deregulation of oil sector and to attract

investment in the petroleum product pipelines, in November, 2002,
Government had laid down a new Petroleum Product Pipeline Policy for
laying pipelines in the country on common carrier principle.

*Guidelines for laying petroleum product pipelines were notified on

20.11.2002.

*Supplementary Guidelines in this regard have also been notified on 26-10-

2004.

*The Petroleum and Minerals Pipelines (Acquisition of Right of User in Land)

Amendment Act, 2011 notified on 13.01.2012. The amendment provides
for more stringent punishment to curb incidents of pilferage from, and
sabotage of, pipelines and also to serve as deterrent to the emerging
security threat to the pipeline installations including those from extremists
and terrorists. The provisions of the above Act came into force w.e.f
01.03.2012.

* Hyperlink
5 A) DETAILS OF PRODUCT PIPELINES UNDER OPERATION (AS ON 30-
09-2012)

S. Name of Pipeline Name Length Dia Capacity,

No. the , (inch MMTPA
Compan Km )
y
a) Indian
Oil
1. Guwahati-Siliguri Pipeline 435 8 1.40
2. Koyali-Ahmedabad Pipeline 116 8 1.10
3. Koyali-Dahej Pipeline 197 14/12 2.60
4. Koyali-Sanganer Pipeline 1056 18/12 4.10
/10/8
5. Koyali-Ratlam Pipeline 265 16 2.00
6. Barauni-Kanpur Pipeline 745 20/12 3.50
7. Haldia-MourigramRajbandh 277 12 1.35
Pipeline
8. Haldia-Barauni Pipeline 525 12 1.25
9. PanipatRewari Pipeline 155 12 1.50
10. PanipatBhatinda Pipeline 219 14 1.50
11. Panipat-Ambala-Jallandhar 434 14/12 3.5
/10
12. Panipat-Delhi Pipeline 182 14/10
13. Bijwasan-Panipat Pipeline 111 10 3.7
14. Mathura-Delhi Pipeline 147 16
15. Mathura-Tundla Pipeline 56 16 1.20
16. Mathura-Bharatpur Spur 21 8
Pipeline
17. Digboi-Tinsukia Pipeline 75 8/6 1.00
18. Chennai-Trichy-Madurai 683 14/12 2.3
Pipeline /10
19. Chennai-Bangalore Pipeline 290 14/12 1.45
20. ATF pipeline to AFS Chennai 95 8 0.18
21. ATF pipeline to BIAL 36 8 0.66
22. Narimanam to Nagapatanam 7 18 0.368
NNPL
Total 6127 34.658
b) HPCL
1. Mumbai-Pune- Solapur 508 14/12 3.67
Pipeline
2. Visakh-Vijaywada- 572 18/16 5.38
Secundrabad Pipeline /14
3. Mundra-Delhi Pipeline 1054 18/16 5.00
4. Trombay-Mumbai Airport ATF 20 10 1.43
Pipeline
 5. Raman Mandi- Bhatinda 30 10 1.13
Total 2184 16.61
c) BPCL
1. Mumbai-Manmad-Mangalya- 1384 18/16 6.00
Bijwasan Pipeline /14/8
2. Bina-Kota 265 18 2.80
Total 1649 8.80
d) Petronet
1. Mangalore-Hassan-Bangalore 362 24/20 5.60
Pipeline
2. Cochin-Coimbatore-Karur 292 18/14 3.30
Pipeline
Total 654 8.90
e) Oil India
Ltd.
1. Numaligarh-Siliguri Pipeline 660 16 1.72
Total 660 1.72
Total 32 Nos. of Product 11274 70.688
Pipelines are in operation

5 B) DETAILS OF CRUDE OIL PIPELINES UNDER OPERATION (As on 30-

09-2012):

S. Name of Pipeline Name Length, Dia, Capacity,

No the Km inch MMTPA
Company
a) Indian Oil
1. Salaya-Mathura Pipeline 1870 42/28 21.00
/24
2. Mundra-Panipat Crude oil 1194 28/22 8.4
Pipeline
3. Paradip-Haldia- Barauni 1302 48/36 11.00
Pipelines /30/1
8
Total 4366 40.4
b) Oil India
Limited
1. Duliajan-Barauni Crude oil 1417 16/14 3.75
trunk Pipeline
2. Feeder lines 61 8/10/ 3.50
12/16
Total 1478 7.25
c) BPCL
1. Vadinar-Bina Pipeline 935 24 6.00
Total 935 6.00
d) HMEL
 1. Mundra-Bhatinda 1014 30/28 9.0
Total 1014 9.0
Total 7 Nos. of crude oil 7793 62.65
pipelines are in operation

5 C) DETAILS OF LPG PIPELINES IN OPERATION (As on 30-09-2012)

S. Name of Pipeline Name Length Dia Capacity

No. the (Km) (inch) (MMTPA)
Company
a) GAIL
1. GAIL LPG Pipeline Network 2038 - 3.24
Total` 2038 - 3.24
b) Indian Oil
1. Panipat-Jalandhar Pipeline 274 10 0.70
Total 274 0.70
Total 2 LPG pipelines are 2312 4.94
in operation

5 D)DETAILS OF NG PIPELINES IN OPERATION (As on 30-09-2012)

S. Name of Pipeline Name Length Dia Capacity

No. the (Km) (inch) (MMSCMD)
Company
a) GAIL
1. GAIL NG Pipeline Network 8197 - 162.85
Total` 8197 - 162.85
b) Indian Oil
1. Dadri-Panipat R-LNG 132 30 10.00
Pipeline
Total 132 10.00
NG Pipelines are in 8329 172.85
operation
6. NATIONAL AUTO FUEL POLICY

In line with the Auto Fuel Policy, BS-IV auto fuels in 13 major cities including
NCR w.e.f. 01-04-2010 and BS-III fuels in the rest of the country were
introduced by September, 2010. BS-IV compliant fuels have been extended to
twenty more cities, viz., Puducherry, Mathura, Vapi, Jamnagar, Ankleshwar,
Hissar, Bharatpur, Daman, Diu, Silvasa, Unnao, Rai Bareilly, Aligarh, Valsad,
Karnal, Kurukshatra, Yamunanagar, Mehboobnagar, Medak and Nizamabad.

Further fourteen more cities viz. Bhopal, Panjim, Vasco, Madgaon, Mapusa,
Ponda, Vrindaban, Kosi Kalan, Dhaulpur, Hindaun, Ahmednagar,
Mahabaleshwar,, Vishakapatnam and Kochi have been identified to be covered
by March,2014. Oil industry has invested over Rs 32,000 crore in upgrading
facilities in refineries for production of BS-III/IV auto fuels.

The Government has constituted an Expert Committee under the

Chairmanship of Shri Soumitra Choudhuri, Member, Planning Commission
for drafting a Draft Auto Fuel Vision & Policy 2025. The Committee has
been requested to submit its Report by 30.11.2013.