INTRODUCTION

A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral

appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Leaves

are collectively referred to as foliage, as in "autumn foliage". A leaf is

a dorsiventrally flattened organ, usually borne above ground and specialized

for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinct upper surface (adaxial) and lower

surface (abaxial) that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores

that intake and output gases), the amount and structure of epicuticular wax and

other features. Leaves are mostly green in color. This is due to the presence of

a compound called chlorophyll.

Certain organs that are superficially very different from the usual green

leaf are formed in the same manner and are actually modified leaves; among

these are the sharp spines of cacti, the needles of pines and other conifers,

and the scales of an asparagus stalk or a lily bulb. Typically, a leaf consists of a

broad expanded blade (the lamina), attached to the plant stem by a

stalklike petiole. Leaves are, however, quite diverse in size, shape, and various

other characteristics, including the nature of the blade margin and the type of

venation (arrangement of veins). Veins, which support the lamina and transport

materials to and from the leaf tissues, radiate through the lamina from the

petiole. The types of venation are characteristic of different kinds of plants: for

example, dicotyledons have netlike venation and usually free vein

endings; monocotyledons have parallel venation and rarely free vein endings.
The leaf may be simple—with a single blade—or compound—with separate

leaflets; it may also be reduced to a spine or scale.

Leaves can be determine according to their types, such types are, ferns

those that have fronds, conifer leaves are typically needle- or awl-shaped or

scale-like, angiosperm (flowering plant) leaves: the standard form

includes stipules, a petiole, and a lamina, lycophytes have microphyll leaves,

sheath leaves, this type found in most grasses and many other monocots,

other specialized leaves (such as those of Nepenthes, a pitcher plant).

II. OBJECTIVES

*To identify the Leaf Shapes.

*To identify the Leaf Margins.

*To identify the Apices and Bases.

*To identify the Leaf Venation.

*To identify the Surface Features.

III. METHODOLOGY

*Collect different kinds of trees and fruits trees leaves.

*Taking pictures of each leaf after collecting.

*Identifying what are the leaf shapes, leaf margine, leaf apices and bases, leaf

venation and leaf surface features of each leaf we collected.

 Table 1

Name of Leaf Leaf Leaf Leaf Bases Leaf Leaf

Leaves Shape Margine Apices Venation Surface

Features

Mahogany Elliptical Entire Obtuse Rounded Pinnately Glabrous

Veined

Narra Oval Entire Cuspidate Rounded Pinnately Glabrous

Veined

Durian Oblong Entire Rounded Inequilater- Pinnately Glabrous

al Veined

Toog Obianceo Repand Obtuse Cuneate Palmately Glabrous

-late Veined

Guava Elliptical Entire Obtuse Obtuse Pinnately Rugose

Veined

Mango Lanceolat Entire Cuspidate Inequilater- Pinnately Glabrous

-e al Veined

Dalaquit Oval Entire Obtuse Rounded Palmately Glabrous

Veined

Antipolo Orbicular Lobed Acute Acute Pinnately Scabrous

Veined

Gmelina Cordate Sinuate Acuminate Rounded Palmately Pubescent

Veined

Makopa Lanceolat Entire Cuspidate Obtuse Pinnately Glabrous

-e Veined
 IV. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION

Shown on the table above, there are 10 leaves being identified each leaves

has different shape, there’s an elliptical, oval, oblong, obianceolate,orbicular and

cordate. On the laef margin 7 out of 10 leaves or 70% has an entire margin of

leaves the remaining leaves are repand, 1 lobed and 1 sinuate. When it comes to

leaves apices, 50% or 5 out of 10 are obtuse while there are 3 cuspidate, 1

acute and 1 acuminate. On the leaf bases 4 are roundded, 2 obtuse, 2

inequilateral, 1 acute and 1 cuneate. Leaf venation has 7 pinnately veined and 3

palmately veined. Features on the surface are 7 glabrous, 1 rugose, 1 scabrous

and 1 pubescent.

Therefore, there are leaves that shares the same leaf shapes, margins,

apices,bases,venation and surface features.

V. REFERENCES

https://en.wikipedia.org>wiki>leaf-identification

https://rroij.com/open-access/leaf-identification_23479i.com

https://www.course.lumenlearning.com

https://www.researchgate.net/publication28765-leaf-part-and-funtions.com

Lumen Boundles Biology 2015 ;Leaves Identification

VI. APPENDIX

DOCUMENTATIONS

MAHOGANY LEAVES NARRA LEAVES

DURIAN LEAVES TOOG LEAVES

 GUAVA LEAVES MANGO LEAVES

DALAQUIT LEAVES ANTIPOLO LEAVES

GMELINA LEAVES MACOPA LEAVES

 Surigao State College Of Technology
Mainit Campus

Magpayang, Mainit, Surigao del Norte

EXERCISE NO. 1

LEAF IDENTIFICATION

Prepared by:

RONALD H. OLIVA MYTEE JADE PAHUWAYAN

MARIECHOGEN G. PADOGA EVANDRIAN ARONES

RIZA O. AVILA

BSAF 2B students
Presented to:

MR. ELMER R. CAUSING

Instructor