ART APP
• The place (art placed in museums is an art while art
ART
According to Webster Dictionary
1. ART is skill acquired by experience, study, or
observation the art of making friends
2. a branch of learning:
(1): one of the humanities
(2) arts plural : LIBERAL ARTS
archaic : LEARNING, SCHOLARSHIP
3: an occupation requiring knowledge or skill the art of organ
building
: the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially
in the production of aesthetic objects the art of
painting landscapes also : works so produced a gallery for
modern art
(1): FINE ARTS
(2): one of the fine arts
(3): one of the graphic arts
5. a archaic : a skillful plan
b: the quality or state of being artful
6: decorative or illustrative elements in printed matter
The term “art” is related to the Latin word “ars” meaning, art,
skill, or craft. The first known use of the word comes from 13th-
century manuscripts. However, the word art and its many
variants (artem, eart, etc.) have probably existed since the
founding of Rome.
ART
• The expression or application of human creative skill
and imagination. Producing works to be appreciated
primarily for their beauty or emotional power.
• The conscious use of the imagination in the production
of objects intended to be contemplated or appreciated
as beautiful, as in the arrangement of forms, sounds, or
words.
• According to H.W Janson, author of the classic art
textbook, The History of Art, “...we cannot escape
viewing works of art in the context of time and
circumstance, whether past or present. How indeed
could it be otherwise, so long as art is still being
created all around us, opening our eyes almost daily to
new experiences and thus forcing us to adjust our
sights?”
According to Merriam Webster Dictionary, APPRECIATION
is a feeling or expression of admiration, approval, or gratitude.
There was a gray area between craft and art, but generally the
distinction was that craft was anything that had utility, and art
didn't. In other words, a pot that held water was craft, a pot with
a hole in it was sculpture.
“If everything is art, then nothing is art”.
- Michelle Gaugy, 2015
There is NO FINE LINE between art and non-art but we could
at least distinguish them in the following criteria:
placed on public places like vandals were called a
nuisance)
• The time (historical value) The artist (if the one who
makes the art is considered an artist)
• The art critics (art experts who labelled a creation as
an art)
• Presentation (how art is being presented like
drawings in a comfort room vs. An art who is covered
by a stained glass)
“Art is a historical and cultural product that can be a personal
and political expression”.
THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF
THE PHILIPPINES – ARTICLE XIV
ARTS AND CULTURE
Section 14. The State shall foster the preservation, enrichment,
and dynamic evolution of a Filipino national culture based on
the principle of unity in diversity in a climate of free artistic and
intellectual expression.
Section 15. Arts and letters shall enjoy the patronage of the
State. The State shall conserve, promote, and popularize the
nation’s historical and cultural heritage and resources, as well
as artistic creations.
Section 16. All the country’s artistic and historic wealth
constitutes the cultural treasure of the nation and shall be under
the protection of the State which may regulate its disposition.
Section 17. The State shall recognize, respect, and protect the
rights of indigenous cultural communities to preserve and
develop their cultures, traditions, and institutions. It shall
consider these rights in the formulation of national plans and
policies.
Section 18. (1) The State shall ensure equal access to cultural
opportunities through the educational system, public or private
cultural entities, scholarships, grants and other incentives, and
community cultural centers, and other public venues.
(2) The State shall encourage and support researches and
studies on the arts and culture.
Institutions that helps shape the definitions of art in society
The Art Association of the Philippines (AAP) is an art
organization that aims to "advance and foster, and promote the
interests of those who work in the visual arts.
ACC Philippines Foundation (ACCPF) was established in
2000 as a partner of ACC to increase international opportunities
for artists, scholars, and cultural organizations in the
Philippines. Over the last 19 years, ACC and ACCPF are
privileged to count more than 300 Filipino artists, scholars and
specialists amongst its distinguished alumni.
The National Commission for Culture and the Arts of the
Philippines (Filipino: Pambansang Komisyon para sa Kultura
at mga Sining, is the official government agency for culture in
the Philippines. It is the overall policy making body,
coordinating, and grants giving agency for the preservation,
development and promotion of Philippine arts and culture; an
executing agency for the policies it formulates; and task to
administering the National Endowment Fund for Culture and
the Arts (NEFCA) -- fund exclusively for the implementation
of culture and arts programs and projects.
"Nova Iskra" - Design Incubator is a type of "rent-a-desk"
business incubator intended for creation of conditions for joint
work and promotion of young designers.
Design Centre in Čajetina was made through the project "The
Old Crafts for the New Age" designed for strengthening and
networking of socially vulnerable women in order to their better
involvement into the local life in the South-West Serbia.
"Designed. RS" is a collaborative virtual platform for young
designers and visual artists. Its objective is to establish better
communication between the design community and to create a
space for the exchange of ideas and information in the area of
design and to contribute to its broader visibility.
"Belgrade Fashion Week" is a collaborative platform in the
area of fashion design. This platform is primarily focused on the
promotion of fashion scene, networking of young fashion
designers and costume designers, and their encouraging of
market expansion for the designers’ fashion.
MIKSER is a multidisciplinary platform which centers on the
affirmation of cultural industry of the SEE and the organization
of the biggest regional festival of creative arts. It gathers
together professionals and enthusiasts who, through their
different transcultural projects, support the development of
national and regional creative economy, and who facilitate a
dialogue between contemporary global trends and domestic, as
well as regional practice.
"The Independent Cultural Scene of Serbia" has 78
members from 20 cities and municipalities of Serbia and it
gathers over 2,500 artists and managers in culture. Each year it
produces between 1,200 and 1,500 programs, among which the
large number of significant exhibitions from the area of
contemporary visual production.
Annual reports of the Ministry of Culture and Media in the
period from 2009-2012; Evaluation and analysis of cultural
industries and diversity of cultural expressions in Serbia in the
framework of preparing Quadrennial National report. number
of collaborative platforms;number of supported artists;number
of supported project/programs;number and types of
implemented activities.
• Art from the past holds clues to life in the past.
• By looking at a work of art's symbolism, colors, and
materials, we can learn about the culture that produced
it.
• By analyzing artworks from the past and looking at
their details, we can rewind time and experience what
a time period different from our own was like.
• By looking at what has been done before, we gather
knowledge and inspiration that contribute to how we
speak, feel, and view the world around us.
HISTORY OF ART
Stone Age Art (2.5 million-3,000 BCE) - cave painting
Mesolithic Art (c.10,000-4,000 BCE) - Mesolithic art gives
more space to human figures, shows keener observation, and
greater narrative in its paintings.
Neolithic Art (c.4,000-2,000 BCE) - pottery and weaving
History of Bronze Age Art (In Europe: 3000-1200 BCE)-
'cradle of civilization,’ wider range of monumental and portable
artworks.
Egyptian Art (from 3100 BCE)- Egyptian architecture and
Egyptian pyramid
Sumerian Art (from 3500 BCE)- stepped pyramid called
a ziggurat.
Persian Art (from 3500 BCE)- monumental palaces at
Persepolis and Susa, decorated with sculpture, stone reliefs, and
the famous "Frieze of Archers,” decorative stone mosaics, gold
and silver dishes, frescoes and illuminated manuscripts as well
as crafts like carpet-making and silk-weaving. But, the greatest
relics of Sassanian art are the rock sculptures
Minoan Art (c.2100-1425 BCE)- palace architecture, using a
combination of stone, mud-brick and plaster, and decorated
with colourful murals and fresco pictures, portraying
mythological animal symbols
Bronze Age Metalwork - metalwork made from many
different materials.
Iron Age Art and Classical Antiquity (c.1500-200 BCE)- Art
of Classical Antiquity, Greek-influenced culture.
Mycenean Art (c.1500-1100 BCE) - tempera frescoes,
sculpture, pottery, carved gemstones, jewelry, glass, ornaments
and precious metalwork.
Ancient Greek Art (c.1100-100 BCE)
Dark Ages (12th century BCE)- Sculpture, painting
and monumental architecture
Geometric Period (900 BCE) - pottery.
Oriental Period - influence of Near Eastern design
work, notably curvilinear, zoomorphic and floral
patterns.
Archaic Period- The Archaic period was a time of
gradual experimentation; the most prized sculptural
form was the kouros (pl.kouroi), or standing male
nude.
Classical Period- 'Classical Orders' (Doric, Ionic and
Corinthian), temples
Hellenism- massive statue "The Colossus of Rhodes",
the same size as the Statue of Liberty), grow sculpture
and mosaic art.
Greek Pottery - Greek pottery, Geometric Style pottery (900-
725), Oriental (725-600), Black-Figure (600-480) and Red-
Figure (530-480) styles.
Etruscan Art (c.700-90 BCE)- figurative sculpture, in stone,
terracotta and bronze, mural painting
Celtic Art (c.600-100 BCE)- Celtic metalwork art
Roman Art (c.200 BCE-400 CE)- Architecture, Painting,
Sculpture
Medieval Art- Constantinople, Christianity and Byzantine Art
Art of Byzantium (Constantinople) (330-1450 CE)- religious
art, (eg. painting, mosaic works)
Byzantine Painting- absence of sculpture, 2-D painting,
becoming masters of panel-painting, including miniatures -
notably icons - and manuscript illumination.
Irish Christian Art (c.600-1100 CE)- religious metalwork
A Word About Asian Art- Islamic Art, complex geometric
patterns,illuminated texts and calligraphy.
Romanesque Art (Carolingian, Ottonian) (c.775-1050)-
Norman architecture
The Church Invests in Art to Convey Its Message- building
of cathedrals (encompassing sculpture and metalwork, as well
as architecture), illuminated gospel manuscripts, and cultural
scholarship
Romanesque Architecture (c.1000-1200) - Postmodernist Sculpture - metal works, sculptures, the
sculpture and stained glass
Gothic Art (c.1150-1400) - Gothic architecture, stained glass
art and religious Gothic art
Renaissance Art (c.1300-1620)
Proto-Renaissance (c.1300-1400) - revolutionary
painting style of Giotto (1270-1337)
Early Renaissance (c.1400-1490) - Architecture and
gothic cathedral
High Renaissance (c.1490-1530) - painting
of Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) (ex: "The Last
Supper", "The Mona Lisa), Raphael (1483-1520) (eg.
"The School of Athens"), and the immortal works
of Michelangelo (1475-1564)
Post-Renaissance Art
Baroque Art (c.1600-1700) - visual arts and architecture
and Baroque art was effectively the highpoint of dramatic
Mannerism.
Baroque architecture - theatrical potential of the urban
landscape
Rococo Art (c.1700-1789) - decorative art, known as Rococo
(interior design)
Neoclassical Art (Flourished c.1790-1830) - monumental
structures, supported by columns of pillars, and topped with
classical Renaissance domes.
Romanticism Movement (Flourished c.1790-1830) -
paintings
Realism (c.1845 onwards) – paintings
Modern Art
Impressionism (c.1870-80)- paintings
Post Impressionism (c.1885 onwards)- paintings
Colourism: Fauvism (1900 onwards)
19th Century/Early 20th Century Sculpture- paintings and
sculptures
Expressionist Art (c.1900 onwards)- paintings
Art Nouveau (Late 19th Century - Early 20th Century) -
Decorative Arts (arts and crafts, jewelry art)
The Bauhaus School (Germany, 1919-1933)- houses
Art Deco (1920s, 1930s)- Modern Decorative and Industrial
Arts
Early 20th Century American Art (c.1900-45) - advances
in Skyscraper architecture of the early 20th century. American
architecture American industrial landscape, American Scene
Painting.
Abstract Expressionism (1945-60) - Abstract Expressionism
(1945-60), Colour Field Painting, geometric abstracts, Abstract
Expressionist painting, Hard-edge painting.
Pop Art (Late 1950s-60s) - The bridge between modern art and
postmodernism, imagery and modern forms of graphic art
Mid-20th Century Sculpture - “sculptured walls”, painting,
sculpture, architecture and crafts.
Contemporary Art - Conceptual art, visual art, Assemblage,
Installation, Video, Performance, Happenings and Graffiti.
Postmodernist Painting - Minimalism, Neo-Expressionism,
photorealism, Contemporary British Painting
monumental public forms, hyper-realist nudes, environmental
structures, site-specific, stainless steel works and the high-
impact Neo-Pop works.
Postmodernist Avant-garde- contemporary art (which critics
might characterize as exemplifying the fable of the "Emperor's
New Clothes").
20th Century Architecture- civic structures, like railway
stations, museums, government buildings and other public
utilities.
ELEMENTS OF ART
Line- An element of art defined by a point moving in space.
Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or
abstract.
Shape - An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or
limited to height and width.
Form - An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses
volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a
sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free
flowing.
Value - The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is
the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway
between these extremes is called middle gray.
Space - An element of art by which positive and negative areas
are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art.
Color- An element of art made up of three properties: hue,
value, and intensity.
Hue: name of color
Value: hue’s lightness and darkness (a color’s value
changes when white or black is added)
Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high
intensity = color is strong and bright; low intensity=
color is faint and dull)
Texture - An element of art that refers to the way things feel,
or look as if they might feel if touched.