MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF

TECHNICAL EDUCATION
DR. PANJABRAO DESHMUKH
POLYTECHNIC,AMRAVATI

Department Of :
COMPUTER ENGINEERING

MICROPROJECT REPORT ON
Setting up a FTP server and client on
network and transfer the files between
two networks
YEAR - 2019 – 20

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 Group details:-

Group No: - E

Title of the Micro project:- Setting up a FTP server and client on

network and transfer the files between two networks

Group Members

Sr.no Name of student Roll no

1 Vishesh M Tembhare 13
2 Akash P Ingle 16

Teacher signature

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 INDEX

Sr.no Content Page no.

1 Group details 2

2 Index 3

3 Abstract 4

4 Introduction 5

5 FTP Server 6,7

6 Comunnication 8
and data
transfer
7 File from 9
router to
FTP server
8 Objectives of FTP 10

9 Configuration 11,12,13
steps
10 Advantage 14
disadvantage of
FTP
11 Output 15

12 Conclusion and 16
References

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 ABSTRACT

The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of
computer files between a client and server on a computer network.FTP is built on a client-server
model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server.[1]
FTP users may authenticate themselves with a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a
username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For
secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, FTP is often
secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS) or replaced with SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP).

The first FTP client applications were command-line programs developed before operating
systems had graphical user interfaces, and are still shipped with most Windows, Unix, and Linux
operating systems.[2][3] Many FTP clients and automation utilities have since been developed for
desktops, servers, mobile devices, and hardware, and FTP has been incorporated into productivity
applications, such as HTML editors. In this activity, you will configure FTP services. You will then
use the FTP services to transfer files between clients and the server.

Packet Tracer only simulates the process for configuring these services. FTP server and client
software packages each have their own unique installation and configuration instructions. The first
time you attempt to connect to a web address, Packet Tracer takes several seconds to simulate the
DNS name resolution proce

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Introduction :-

In current times if you want to transfer a file to a friend, you can just attach it in an email
and send it off. With high speed bandwidth being so cheap and plentiful to the home user, transferring
a file in this manner is usually more than adequate. What if you needed to transfer the file to someone
immediately; there could be no delays, it has to be fast, and the files you are transferring may be very
large. In a scenario like this, email will most likely not be adequate. This is because most email
providers limit the size of your mailbox on their servers, the size of attachments you may receive, and
that there is no guarantee when you send email how long it will take for the recipient to receive it or if
it will even get there. This is where FTP comes in. FTP is a software which allows every user to
install and transfer files or folders from one system to the other. It also works in a similar way as
HTTP for transferring Web pages from a server to a user browser. File Transfer protocol is mostly
used for downloading a file from a server and then is uploaded as a Web page file.

The governing body that owns the term FTP, apache defines it as any sending or receiving directories
which are located into the following path /httpdocs/publications, it is based on transferring files from
one place to another.

The way File Transfer Protocol works is by installing the software first on both machines and then
simply taking files one by one and shift them. The software for FTP can be bought or downloaded
form the web browser, however the requirements are a bit different. As soon as one file is received,
the system confirms it by sending a confirmation message to the system next to it.

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FTP Server:-

What Is FTP?
FTP stands for "file transfer protocol." FTP powers one of the fundamental Internet functions and is
the prescribed method for the transfer of files between computers. It is also the easiest and most secure
way to exchange files over the Internet.
An FTP address looks a lot like an HTTP or web site address except it uses the prefix ftp:// instead of
http://. FTP stands for the File transfer protocol and is used to transfer files between an FTP server and
another computer. In the past, FTP was much more common than it is today and was the dominant file
transfer mechanism on the Internet. If you needed to transfer files between two computers, you would use
FTP to do so. FTP is still very popular today when a service requires that a lot of files be hosted for other
to people to download. FTP also tends to be faster than other contemporary methods of transferring files
because it was designed to do so. Even more important, FTP support Automatic Resume. This means that
if you are downloading the latest new game demo that is over 600 megs, and for some reason the
download stops in the middle of the transfer, the ftp client will attempt to on the next download of the
same file, to continue from where you left off. This feature can save you a huge amount of time but is
generally only found in specialized FTP client software and not in your browser software.

What is a Protocol Anyway?

The dictionary defines the word "protocol" as: A set of conventions governing the treatment and
especially the formatting of data in an electronic communications system.Therefore, FTP is essentially a
"set of conventions" that can be used by an "electronic communications system" to transfer files.These
"conventions" are defined in a document known as RFC 959. This document contains the details of how
FTP should be implemented in software. If you want to write some software that implements FTP, then
RFC 959 would be a good place to start.

What are some common uses of FTP?

The most common use of FTP is to download files. FTP is vital to the MP3 music sharing, most online
auctions and game enthusiasts. The ability to transfer files quickly and reliably is essential for everyone
creating and maintaining a web page.

How can I use FTP?

 Most web hosting services provide FTP access to their customers to allow them to upload the
contents of their web sites.
 Companies often have FTP servers that allow users to send and receive files.
 Most universities have FTP servers that allow their students to download course materials and
upload assignments for submission.
 Use FTP to transfer files among users, especially if the files are too large to attach to an email.
 Use FTP to browse through a collection of downloadable files on a public software archive.

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What is an FTP Server?
Typically, a computer with an FTP address is dedicated to receive an FTP connection. A computer
dedicated to receiving an FTP connection is referred to as an FTP server or FTP site.

What do I need to start using FTP?

You need two things to begin using FTP:An FTP client application and An FTP server.Where can I
get an FTP Client? Most computer operating systems already come with an FTP client; however, it is not
user-friendly. Start up a command prompt window, type "ftp" and then press “enter.” Chances are you
will be greeted by an "ftp>" prompt. Unless you are well-versed with using command lines and enjoy
typing, there are much easier ways to FTP.FTP Explorer is an FTP client application. It is designed to
make FTP simple and hassle-free. Most people agree it is much easier to use than a command line FTP
client. Download FTP Explorer here.

Where can I get an FTP server?

In many cases, the FTP server you want to connect to is already out there somewhere, waiting for you
to establish a connection to it.If, however, you want to set up your own FTP server so other users can
connect to your server and transfer files, you have a few options:Many operating systems come with an
FTP server, but it is often disabled for security reasons. Windows XP Pro includes an FTP server as part
of Internet Information Server, but it is disabled by default. Most Unix and Linux systems include FTP
"daemons" as part of their distributions. Check with the vendor of your operating system to determine if
you already have FTP server software.There are also a variety of third party FTP servers available.

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Communication and data transfer:-
FTP may run in active or passive mode, which determines how the data connection is
established.[5] In both cases, the client creates a TCP control connection from a random, usually an
unprivileged, port N to the FTP server command port 21.

In active mode, the client starts listening for incoming data connections from the server on port M. It
sends the FTP command PORT M to inform the server on which port it is listening. The server then
initiates a data channel to the client from its port 20, the FTP server data port.
In situations where the client is behind a firewall and unable to accept incoming TCP connections, passive
mode may be used. In this mode, the client uses the control connection to send a PASV command to the
server and then receives a server IP address and server port number from the server, which the client then
uses to open a data connection from an arbitrary client port to the server IP address and server port
number received.

Both modes were updated in September 1998 to support IPv6. Further changes were introduced to
the passive mode at that time, updating it to extended passive mode.Both modes were updated in
September 1998 to support IPv6. Further changes were introduced to the passive mode at that time,
updating it to extended passive mode.

The server responds over the control connection with three-digit status codes in ASCII with an optional
text message. For example, "200" (or "200 OK") means that the last command was successful. The
numbers represent the code for the response and the optional text represents a human-readable explanation
or request (e.g. <Need account for storing file>).[1] An ongoing transfer of file data over the data
connection can be aborted using an interrupt message sent over the control connection.While transferring
data over the network, four data representations can be used

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File from the Router to an FTP Server:-

 Understanding the FTP Username and Password

The FTP protocol requires a client to send a remote username and password on each FTP
request to a server. When you copy a configuration file from the router to a server using FTP, the
Cisco IOS software sends the first valid username it encounters in the following sequence:

 The username specified in the copy EXEC command, if a username is specified.

 The username set by the ip ftp username global configuration command, if the command is
configured.Anonymous.

 The router sends the first valid password it encounters in the following sequence:

1. The password specified in the copy command, if a password is specified.

2. The password set by the ip ftp password command, if the command is configured.
3. The router forms a password username @routername .domain . The variable username is the
username associated with the current session, routername is the configured host name, and
domain is the domain of the router.

The username and password must be associated with an account on the FTP server. If you are
writing to the server, the FTP server must be properly configured to accept the FTP write request from
the user on the router.
If the server has a directory structure, the configuration file or image is written to or copied
from the directory associated with the username on the server. For example, if the system image
resides in the home directory of a user on the server, specify that user name as the remote
username.Refer to the documentation for your FTP server for more information.Use the ip ftp
username and ip ftp password global configuration commands to specify a username and password for
all copies. Include the username in the copy EXEC command if you want to specify a username for that
copy operation only.

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Objectives for a File Transfer Protocol-

Configure FTP Services on Servers

Upload a File to the FTP Server

Download a File from the FTP Server

To promote sharing of files (computer programs and/or data),

To encourage indirect or implicit (via programs) use of remote computers,

To shield a user from variations in file storage systems among hosts, and

To transfer data reliably and efficiently.

FTP can be used directly by a user at a terminal, but is designed mainly for use by programs.
The file transfer protocol (FTP) is a method for efficiently transferring files between
computers over a network.
We must distinguishe the FTP protocol from the usual ftp programs that we find in Unix and
windows (which are client programs).
These ftp programs are simple to use: you simply type ftp followed by the name of the
computer to which you want to connect and exchange files with.

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 Configuration steps:-
SUMMARY STEPS:-

1. enable

2. configure terminal

3. ip ftp username username

4. ip ftp password password

5. end

Part 1: Configure FTP Services on Servers

Step 1: Configure the FTP service on CentralServer.
a. Click CentralServer > Config tab > FTP.

b. Click On to enable FTP service.

c. In User Setup, create the following user accounts. Click the + button to add the account:

Username Password Permissions anonymous anonymous limited to Read and List administrator cisco
full permission

d. Click the default cisco user account and click the - button to delete it. Close the CentralServer
configuration window.

Step 2: Configure the FTP service on BranchServer.Repeat Step 1 on BranchServer.

Part 2: Upload a File to the FTP Server

Step 1: Transfer the README.txt file from the home laptop to Central Server.As network
administrator, you must place a notice on the FTP servers. The document has been created on the home
laptop and must be uploaded to the FTP servers.

a. Click Home Laptop and click the Desktop tab > Text Editor.

b. Open the README.txt file and review it. Close the Text Editor when done.

Note: Do not change the file because this affects scoring.

c. In the Desktop tab, open the Command Prompt window and perform the following steps:

1) Type ftp centralserver.pt.pka . Wait several seconds while the client connects.
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Note: Since Packet Tracer is a simulation, it can take up to 30 seconds for FTP to connect the first
time.

2) The server prompts for a username and password. Use the credentials for the administrator

account.

3) The prompt changes to ftp>. List the contents of the directory by typing dir. The file directory on

CentralServer displays.

4) Transfer the README.txt file: at the ftp> prompt, type put README.txt. The README.txt file
is transferred from the home laptop to CentralServer.

5) Verify the transfer of the file by typing dir. The README.txt file is now listed in the file
directory.

6) Close the FTP client by typing quit. The prompt will return to PC>.

Step 2: Transfer the README.txt file from the home laptop to BranchServer.
a. Repeat Step 1c to transfer the README.txt file to branchserver.pt.pka.

b. Close the Command Prompt and Home Laptop windows, respectively.

Part 3: Download a File from the FTP Server

Step 1: Transfer README.txt from CentralServer to PC2.
a. Click PC2 and click the Desktop tab > Command Prompt.

1) Type ftp centralserver.pt.pka.

2) The server prompts for a username and password. Use the credentials for the anonymous account.

3) The prompt changes to ftp>. List the contents of the directory by typing dir. The README.txt file
is listed at the top of the directory list.

4) Download the README.txt file: at the ftp> prompt, type get README.txt. The README.txt
file is transferred to PC2.

5) Verify that the anonymous account does not have the permission to write files to CentralServer by
typing put sampleFile.txt. The following error message displays:Writing file sampleFile.txt to
centralserver.pt.pka:File transfer in progress..%Error ftp://centralserver.pt.pka/sampleFile.txt (No
such file or directory Or Permission denied)550-Requested action not taken. permission denied).

6) Close the FTP client by typing quit. The prompt returns to the PC> prompt.

7) Verify the transfer of the file to PC2 by typing dir. README.txt is listed in the directory.

8) Close the command line window.

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b. In the Desktop tab, open the Text Editor and then the README.txt file to verify the integrity of
the file.

c. Close the Text Editor and then the PC2 configuration window.

Step 2: Transfer the README.txt file from BranchServer to the Smart Phone.
Repeat Step 1 for Smart Phone, except download the README.txt file from branchserver.pt.pka.

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Advantages:-
 FTP can be used numerous amounts of time {Unlimited}

 FTP can be used any time of the day

 Files can be transferred without any hassle

 No limit as to how many files or folders can be transferred

 Any type of file or folder can be transferred

 Easy to install on machine

Disadvantages:-
 Mostly used on Unix and Linux computer systems

 Not compatible with every system and lacks support

 ASCII mode and Binary Mode are used and differ from the way they send data.

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Output:-

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Conclusion:-
We have Set up a FTP server and client on network and transfer the files between two
networks successfully .Now that you know what FTP is, you will probably notice it more If
often. you would like to ask some questions or discuss this tutorial, please do so in the
computer help forums.

Reference:-

1)www.google.com
2)www.tutorialspoint.com

3)https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/google/chrome-and-firefox-developers-aim-to-
remove- support-for-ftp/
4) https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1574475
5)Forouzan, B.A. (2000). TCP/IP: Protocol Suite (1st ed.). New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Company Limited.
6) https://www.chromestatus.com/feature/6246151319715840

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