Steam Turbine Technical Data

Description Construction, Speed

& Steam Pressure

Load

Rated Load 250 MW

Maximum Load under valve wide open (VWO) condition 269.6 MW

Construction

Three cylinder reheat condensing turbine

Single flow HP Turbine with 25 reaction stages Type : H30-40

Single flow IP Turbine with 17 reaction stages Type : M30-25

Double flow LP Turbine with 8 reaction stages per flow Type : N30-2 x 6.3

2 Main Stop and Control valves (HP casing mounted) Type : EV 200-1

2 Reheat Stop and Control valves (Floating) Type : IV 400

1 Swing Check valve in cold reheat line DN-600

Make : BHEL, Tiruchy

2 LP Bypass Stop and Control valves with Actuators and HPSU Make : CCI, Switzerland
(high pressure EHA based)

Speed

Rated speed 50.0 c/s

Speed limitation in load and station operation

Max. Speed, no time limitation 51.5 c/s
Min. Speed, no time limitation 47.5 c/s
Permissible for maximum 2 hours during the life of LP blading
Speed below 47.5 c/s
Speed above 51.5 c/s

Speed exclusion range at operation without load * 13.6 to 47.5 c/s

Standard over speed trip setting 55.5 c/s

* This speed range should be passed through in one smooth operation to avoid endangering
the blades due to resonance

BHEL Haridwar 2-0100-46/1

Steam Pressures
♦ ♣ ♥ Unit
Rated Long time operation Short time operation
Initial Steam 166.71 175.04 200.05 bar
st
Before 1 HP drum stage 148.30 155.71 163.13 bar
HP cylinder exhaust 44.13 50.75 ♠ bar
52.95
IP cylinder stop valve inlet 39.72 46.07 ♠ bar
47.66
Extraction 6 44.13 50.75 52.95 bar
Extraction 5 16.69 19.63 19.63 bar
Extraction 4 6.54 7.82 7.82 bar
Extraction 3 2.28 2.78 2.78 bar
Extraction 2 0.90 1.10 1.10 bar
Extraction 1 0.44 0.55 0.55 bar
LP cylinder exhaust 0.119 0.30 0.30 bar
♦ These values correspond to 250 MW load with 3 % make-up and 89 mm Hg back pressure
with all heaters in service and rated steam conditions.
♠ The safety valves must be set so that short time values are not exceeded.
♣ Long time operation : Upper limit value, permissible without time limit.
♥ Short time operation : Permissible momentary value. The aggregate duration of such swings
must not exceed 12 hours in any one year
All pressures are absolute pressures

Low vacuum trip, standard setting

Hydraulic low vacuum trip 0.3 bar

Electrical low vacuum trip 0.3 bar
Electrical low vacuum LP bypass trip 0.6 bar

Seal steam supply system

Pressure in seal steam header 1.023 bar

Axial shift

Alarm ± 0.5 mm
Trip ± 1.0 mm

Direction of rotation

Anti clock wise when viewed from Front Pedestal towards the Generator

2-0100-46/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Steam & Casing Temperatures

Steam Temperatures

Rated value Long-term 400 hrs. 80 hrs. per year,

Annual value, subject to per year max. 15 min in
average annual average individual case Unit

Main steam at HP 537 537 551 565 °C

stop valve inlet
HRH steam at IP 537 537 551 565 °C
stop valve inlet

Steam Temperatures
Rated value Long term 80 hrs. per year, In special
♦ operation Max. 15 min. in cases at no
Unit
individual case load

HP turbine exhaust 346.8 348.8 438.8 ♥ °C

500.0
Extraction 6 346.8 348.8 438.8 ♥ °C
500.0
Extraction 5 408.4 413.4 448.4 °C
Extraction 4 287.8 297.8 337.8 °C
Extraction 3 177.4 188.4 232.4 °C
Extraction 2 96.7 116.7 156.7 °C
Extraction 1 75.54 95.54 140.5 °C
LP turbine exhaust 44.2 70.0 70.0 °C
Long-term operation: upper limit value permissible without time limit.
♦ These values correspond to 250 MW Load with 0% makeup and 89 mm Hg back pressure with all
heaters in service and rated steam conditions.
♥ Only valid for the no load period with high reheat pressure after trip-out from full load operation. For
individual case approx. 15 minutes. The turbine is immediately re-loaded or the boiler immediately
reduced to minimum load if no load operation is continued.

Casing Metal Temperatures

Wall Temperatures Alarm at Machine must be shut down at Unit

HP turbine casing exhaust 485 500 °C

Outer casing of LP cylinder 90 110 °C
Spray water to LP turbine must be switched on at LP outer casing temperature of 900C

BHEL Haridwar 2-0101-46/1

Casing Metal Temperature Differences

Temperature Difference Alarm at Machine must be tripped at Unit

Between upper & lower casing ± 55 ± 70 °C
halves of HP turbine, middle

Between upper & lower casing ± 30 ± 45 °C

halves of IP turbine, front

Between upper & lower casing ± 30 ± 45 °C

halves of IP turbine, rear

Feedwater Heater out of service

Operation with feedwater heaters out of service Main steam flow (T/hr) Load
(MW)

Extraction A6 = 0 714.686 250

Extraction A6 + A5 = 0 689.714 250

Permissible differential temperature between parallel steam supply lines

No time limitation 17 °C
Short time period (15 min) 28 °C
In the hottest line the limitations indicated for main and reheat steam temperature must not be exceeded

Output Limit during Testing with Automatic Turbine Tester

Testing of main steam stop and control valves 150 MW

Testing of HRH steam stop and control valves 100 to 250 MW

Motoring
Motoring is the condition in which the turbine is driven by the generator at rated speed with the
stop and control valves closed. In this operating mode, certain turbine components are heated up
by windage of the blading.
To prevent heat-up beyond permissible temperatures, motoring must not be allowed to continue
for longer than one minute. If the condenser low vacuum limit of 0.3 bar is exceeded, motoring
must not be allowed to continue for more than 4 seconds.

2-0101-46/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Bearing Metal Temperatures
Vibration, Weights

Bearing babbit metal temperatures

Alarm at Machine must be shut down at

Operation temperature below 75 °C 90 °C 130 °C

Operation temperature 75 to 85 °C 100 °C 130 °C

Operation temperature 85 to 90 °C 110 °C 130 °C

Operation temperature above 90 °C 115 °C 130 °C

Vibration
Absolute bearing housing vibration Absolute shaft vibration
Standard alarm setting 50 µm above normal level
Maximum alarm setting 84 µm 200 µm
Limit value for tripping 106 µm 320 µm

§ The normal level is the reproducible vibrational behaviour typical for the machine &
dependent on the operating conditions.

§ Vibration readings indicated in control room are peak to peak. The above values are also
given in peak to peak.

Weights
HP turbine, completely assembled 55.4 T
IP turbine, top half outer casing 11.0 T

IP turbine, top half inner casing, complete with blading 5.2 T

LP turbine, top half outer casing complete 22.4 T
LP turbine, top half inner outer casing, complete with blading, GBCs & diffuser 21.5 T
HP turbine rotor, complete with blading 8.4 T
IP turbine rotor, complete with blading 17.0 T
LP turbine rotor, complete with blading 59.0 T
Main stop and control valve, complete with servo motors & inlet connection 11.0 T
Reheat stop and control valve, complete with servo motors, 18.5 T
All weights have been calculated with safety allowances. Slings chosen must provide sufficient
security.

BHEL Haridwar 2-0102-46

 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Oil Supply, Oil Pumps

OIL supply
Main oil tank, rated capacity 20/32 m3
Highest oil level from top of tank ( at rated speed) 800 mm

Lowest oil level from top of tank ( at rated speed) 850 mm

First oil filling (estimated) 48 m3
Flushing oil quantity (estimated) 25 m3
Oil cooler for operation, number 1 No.
Oil cooler for reserve, number 1 No.
Min. 38
Oil temperature at cooler outlet, unit in operation Normal 45 °C
Max. 47
Oil temperature at cooler outlet, unit shut down Max. 75 °C
Temperature rise of oil in bearings Normal 20 °C
Max. 25
Estimated oil requirement for Bearing 1 0.83 dm3/s
Estimated oil requirement for Bearing 2 11.53 dm3/s

Estimated oil requirement for Bearing 3 4.86 dm3/s

Estimated oil requirement for Bearing 4 7.37 dm3/s
Estimated oil requirement for Generator front bearing 2.80 dm3/s

Estimated oil requirement for Generator rear bearing 2.80 dm3/s

Duplex oil filter for bearing oil - full flow, Nb 150 1 No.
Make: Boll & kirch, Germany
Filtration particle size of duplex filter element 37 µm

Filtration particle size of main oil tank filter element 250 µm

Safety valve in jacking oil system, setting 200 bar
Pressure limiting valve in jacking oil system, setting 182 bar
Duplex oil filter for jacking oil, Nb 25, Make: Hydac, Germany 1 No
Filtration particle size of jacking oil filter 37 µm

BHEL Haridwar 2-0103-46/1

Jacking oil pump, cut-in and cut-out speeds
§ Jacking oil pump must be in operation at turbine speeds below approx. 510 rpm to avoid
damage to bearings.
§ Jacking oil pump should be cut-out at speeds above approx. 540 rpm.

Oil pumps

Main oil Auxiliary oil DC Emergency oil Jacking oil pump Unit
pump pump pump

Quantity 1 2 1 AC: 1 DC: 1

Make BHEL Mather & Platt Mather & Platt Tushako

Type ET ISO No. 19 4/5 SR 12 KL 70 T3SA - 38/36

Rated Capacity 350 279 108 4.78 m3/hr

Discharge 9.1 7.0 2.3 182 bar

pressure gauge

Speed 3000 3000 1500 2900 rpm

2-0103-46/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves - HP Stop Valve Casing

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the wall of HP stop and control valve

casing during sliding pressure operation mode

140
∆θ = f(θ m )
120
Heating up
100
∆θ[Κ] F
80

N
60

40 S
OPERATION MODE
F=Fast
N=Normal
20 S=Slow

-20

-40
Cooling down
-60
θm [°C]
-80
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [° C]

∆θ = (θi - θm) on the wall temperature sensor

θi = temperature of inner layer
θm = temperature of middle layer

BHEL Haridwar 2-0200-03

 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves - HP Turbine Casing

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the wall of HP casing during constant

pressure operation mode

140
∆θ = f(θ m )
120

100 Heating up
∆θ[Κ]
80 F

60

N
40

OPERATION MODE S
20 F=Fast
N=Normal
S=Slow
0

-20

-40
Cooling down

-60

-80
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [° C]

∆θ = (θi - θm) on the wall temperature sensor

θi = temperature of inner layer
θm = temperature of middle layer

BHEL Haridwar 2-0201-03/1

 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves - HP Turbine Casing

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the wall of HP casing during constant

pressure operation mode

140
∆θ = f(θ m )
120

100 Heating up
∆θ[Κ]
80 F

60

N
40

OPERATION MODE S
20 F=Fast
N=Normal
S=Slow
0

-20

-40
Cooling down

-60

-80
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [° C]

∆θ = (θi - θm) on the wall temperature sensor

θi = temperature of inner layer
θm = temperature of middle layer

BHEL Haridwar 2-0201-03/1

 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves - HP Turbine Casing

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the wall of HP casing during

sliding pressure operation mode
140
∆ θ = f( θ m )
120

100 H e a tin g u p

∆θ[Κ]
80 F

60
N

40
S
O P E R A T IO N M O D E
20 F=F ast
N = N orm a l
S = S lo w
0

-2 0

-4 0
C o o lin g d o w n

-6 0

-8 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 θ m [° C ]

∆θ = (θi - θm) on the wall temperature sensor

θi = temperature of inner layer
θm = temperature of middle layer

2-0201-03/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves - HP Turbine Casing

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the wall of HP casing during

sliding pressure operation mode
140
∆ θ = f( θ m )
120

100 H e a tin g u p

∆θ[Κ]
80 F

60
N

40
S
O P E R A T IO N M O D E
20 F=F ast
N = N orm a l
S = S lo w
0

-2 0

-4 0
C o o lin g d o w n

-6 0

-8 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 θ m [° C ]

∆θ = (θi - θm) on the wall temperature sensor

θi = temperature of inner layer
θm = temperature of middle layer

2-0201-03/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves – HP Turbine Shaft

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the HP turbine shaft during

constant pressure operation mode
175
∆θ = f (θm)
150
125 Heating up

F
∆θ[K]
100
75
N
50
S
25 OPERATION MODE
F = Fast
N = Normal
0 S = Slow
-25
-50
Cooling down
-75
-100
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [°C]
180

160

140

∆θ = (θo - θm) in the HP Turbine Shaft

120
θo = outer layer temp. of the shaft
∆θ[K]
θm = temp. of middle layer of the shaft
100 (calculated)
θax = temperature of axis of the shaft
80 (calculated)

60

40

20

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 θax [°C]

BHEL Haridwar 2-0202-03/1

 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves – HP Turbine Shaft

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the HP turbine shaft during

sliding pressure operation mode
200
∆θ = f (θm)
175
150 Heating up

∆θ[K]
125
F
100
N
75
S
50 OPERATION MODE
F = Fast
25 N = Normal
S = Slow
0
-25
-50 Cooling down

-75
-100
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [°C]
200

180

160
∆θ[K]
140
∆θ = (θo - θm) in the HP Turbine Shaft
θo = outer layer temp. of the shaft
120 θm = temp. of middle layer of the shaft
(calculated)
100 θax = temperature of axis of the shaft
(calculated)

80

60
0 20 40 60 80 100 θax [°C]

2-0202-03/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves – HP Turbine Shaft

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the HP turbine shaft during

constant pressure operation mode
175
∆θ = f (θm)
150
125 Heating up

F
∆θ[K]
100
75
N
50
S
25 OPERATION MODE
F = Fast
N = Normal
0 S = Slow
-25
-50
Cooling down
-75
-100
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [°C]
180

160

140

∆θ = (θo - θm) in the HP Turbine Shaft

120
θo = outer layer temp. of the shaft
∆θ[K]
θm = temp. of middle layer of the shaft
100 (calculated)
θax = temperature of axis of the shaft
80 (calculated)

60

40

20

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 θax [°C]

BHEL Haridwar 2-0202-03/1

 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves – HP Turbine Shaft

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the HP turbine shaft during

sliding pressure operation mode
200
∆θ = f (θm)
175
150 Heating up

∆θ[K]
125
F
100
N
75
S
50 OPERATION MODE
F = Fast
25 N = Normal
S = Slow
0
-25
-50 Cooling down

-75
-100
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [°C]
200

180

160
∆θ[K]
140
∆θ = (θo - θm) in the HP Turbine Shaft
θo = outer layer temp. of the shaft
120 θm = temp. of middle layer of the shaft
(calculated)
100 θax = temperature of axis of the shaft
(calculated)

80

60
0 20 40 60 80 100 θax [°C]

2-0202-03/2
 Steam Turbine Technical Data
Description Limit Curves – IP Turbine Shaft

Permissible temperature difference ∆θ in the IP turbine shaft during

sliding pressure operation mode
200
175 ∆θ = f (θm)
Heating up
150
125
F
100
N
∆θ[K] 75
OPERATION MODE S
50 F = Fast
N = Normal
25 S = Slow

0
-25
-50 Cooling down

-75
-100
0 100 200 300 400 500 θm [°C]

200

180

160
∆θ[K]
140 ∆θ = (θo - θm) in the IP turbine shaft
θo = outer layer temp. of the shaft
θm = temp. of middle layer of the shaft
120 (calculated)
θax = temperature of axis of the shaft
(calculated)
100

80

60
0 20 40 60 80 100 θax [°C]

BHEL Haridwar 2-0203-03

 Steam Turbine Steam Purity values
Description for main steam condensate

The deposits which occur in turbines due to
impurities in the steam can lead to
thermodynamic and mechanical inefficiencies
and also presence of salts, especially
chlorides, and sodium hydroxide cause
damage to turbine parts. The corrosion
stressing caused by active deposits, for
example, has an adverse effect on the fatigue
strength of the blade material when the steam
is in the transition zone between the
superheated and the saturated state.
Compliance with the target values is
mandatory in continuous operation, with the
values in the normal operation column
preferable. With the commissioning of a new
plant and starting-up operation, however,
these values cannot be attained with an
economical outlay. The values listed in the
column “starting-up operation “are then valid.
It should be pointed out that adherence to the
target values does not rule out deposition in
the turbine with absolute certainty. Wherever
possible every effort should be made to
achieve the values in the normal operation
column.
A recording instrument may be used to
continuously monitor the electrical
conductivity of the main steam and turbine
condensate following a strongly acid cation
exchange unit. In order to determine slight
impurities, the sodium concentration should
be measured in addition to this. Should
saline contamination occur, the turbine is to
be immediately washed with saturated
steam to remove salt deposits.
Whether an alkaline, neutral or combined
method is used for conditioning, the water
steam circulation is for the customer to
decide. If an alkaline method is used, the
oxygen content in the main steam
condensate can be max. 0.02 mg/kg and the
pH value in the turbine condensate max.9.3
with brass condenser piping. When the
condenser piping is of copper-nickel alloys,
the pH value must not exceed 9.5. There is
no limitation for the pH value with non-
corroding steel or titanium.

Recommended values for main steam condensate

Quantity Target Value Normal Start Up
* Operation **
Conductivity at 25°C, down stream of highly
acidic sampling cation exchanger, µS/cm < 0.2 0.1 < 0.5
continuous measurement at sampling point
Silica (SiO2) mg/kg < 0.02 0.005 < 0.05

Total iron (Fe) mg/kg < 0.02 0.005 < 0.05

Total copper (Cu) mg/kg < 0.003 0.001 < 0.01
Sodium (Na) mg/kg < 0.01 0.002 < 0.02
* To avoid any drop in efficiency, it is recommended that values be kept below the target values
and into the range of the values for normal operation.
** The target values must show a noticeable downward trend. On initial start-up of new plants the
values given for normal operation must be achieved within 2 to 3 days and within 2 to 3 hours
for other start-ups.

BHEL Haridwar 2-0300-01

 Steam Turbine Oil Specification
Description Standard

Introduction
This standard specifies the turbine oil
recommended for use in governing and
lubrication systems of the turboset.
Description
Oil of viscosity class ISO VG 46 shall be
used. The oil shall be a petroleum product
with or without additives to meet the
requirement of this standard. The finished oil
shall be clear and free from water,
suspended matter, dirt, sediment and other
impurities.
Compatibility
For topping up of the oil system, it is
preferable if the oil used is of the same
brand and quality as that already in the
system. However, if the same brand of oil is
not available and where it is intended to mix
in different products that individually conform
to this standard, a compatibility test should
be conducted before actually mixing the oils.
Samples of both the oils in equal volume
should be mixed and centrifuged for about
40 hrs. and then mixture must comply fully
with the requirements of this standard.

The turbine oil shall not contain additives Properties

having any negative effect on the materials
of the oil system. The turbine oil must be
capable of withstanding bearing temperature
of max. 130°C and oil tank temperature of
max. 80°C without physical and chemical
degradation.
The properties of the oil shall not be affected
by centrifuging, water washing or filtering.
The oil should comply with the
requirements given in table below when
tested according to the test methods given
in the respective standards mentioned
against each. For obvious reasons, we do
not give any special recommendation to a
particular brand of oil to be used in the oil
system of our turbo sets. Any brand of the
oil complying with the above standards
may be used.

Properties of new batches of Turbine Oil

Sl. No. Properties Value Test Method
1. Kinematic Viscosity at 40 ºC 41.4 – 50.6 cst IS: 1448, P-25
at 50 ºC 28 cst
2. Viscosity Index Min. 98 IS: 1448, P-56

3. Neutralization No. (Total acidity) Max. 0.2 mg. of KOH IS: 1012, P-58
per gm. of oil
4. Colour Max. 2 IS: 1448, P-12

5. Specific gravity at 50 ºC 0.85 IS: 1448, P-32

6. Flash point (Cleveland open cup) Min. 200°C IS: 1448, P-69

7. Copper strip corrosion test at 100 ºC for 3 hrs. Not worse than No.1 IS: 1448, P-15

8. Pour point - 6°C max. IS: 1448, P-10

9. Rust preventing characteristics 0-B max. DIN: 51585

BHEL Haridwar 2-0400-04/1

Properties of new batches of Turbine Oil (contd.)
Sl. No. Properties Value Test Method
10. Emulsion characteristics 40-40-0 (20 minutes) DIN: 51599

11. Total acidity after 1000 hrs. Oxidation Max. 2.0 mg of KOH DIN: 51587
per gm. of oil
3
12. Foaming characteristics Foaming tendency Max. 400 cm ASTM: D892
at 25°C Foaming stability Max. 450 s
13. Deaeration capacity at 50°C 4 minutes max. DIN: 51381

14. Ash (% by weight) Max. 0.01 IS: 1448, P-4

15. Water content by weight Max.0.01% ISO: 3733

16. Content of solid particles 0.05% max. by wt. DIN 51592

17. Particle distribution Min.17/14 code ISO: 4406

18. Water release 300 s max. DIN: 51589

Properties of Turbine Oil in use shall be limited to

Sl. No. Properties Value Test Method
1. Neutralization No. (Total acidity) Max. 0.5 mg. of IS: 1012, P-58
KOH per gm. of oil
3
2. Foaming characteristics Foaming tendency Max. 600 cm ASTM: D892
at 25°C Foaming stability Max. 600 s
3. Water content by weight Max.0.1% ISO: 3733
All other properties shall be limited to the same values as for fresh oil.

Following brands of oil are acceptable

Supplier Brand Supplier Brand

lOC Servo Prime 46 Castrol lndia Ltd. Castrol Perfecto T-46-Super clean
Gulf Oil India Ltd Gulf Crest 46 Bharat Petroleum Turbol 46
APAR Ltd. Power Turbo-46 Indo Mobil Ltd. Mobil DTE Medium / DTE798
Caltex Regal R&O 46 Savita Chemicals Daphne Super Turbine oil 46
HPCL Turbinol 46 Bharat Shell Ltd. Shell Turbo oil T 46
TOTALFINAELF Total Preslia 46

Also refer to the following sections:

[1] 4-1210-01 : Turbine oil Care

2-0400-04/2