KANPAVE

INTRODUCTION
Pavement engineering is a key factor to design and construct optimum roads. Flexible pavement is one
of the most applicable method in road construction that is made in a series of layers. The construction
of this type of pavement is very fast and easy to repair and have a greater resistance in a wide range of
temperature and additional layer always could be added at any time. There is a various modelling
software to analyses flexible pavement structure. KENPAVE is one of the most effective application in
analyzing flexible and rigid pavement engineering. KENPAVE is a combination of 4 separated
software. Which are KENLAYER, SLABSNIP, LAYERRINP and KENSLABS. The KENLAYER
program for flexible pavements can be applied to a multilayered system under stationary or moving
multiple wheel loads with each layer being linear elastic, nonlinear elastic, or viscoelastic.
The KENSLABS program for rigid pavements can be applied to multiple slabs fully or partially
supported on a liquid, solid, or layered foundation with moment or shear transfer across joints.

1. Rigid Pavement
The figure above shows a concrete slab on a solid foundation subject to three different load groups
consisting of 18,000 lb (80 kN) single axles, 36,000 lb (160 kN) tandem axles, and 54,000 lb (240 kN)
tridem axles, each with 20 repetitions per day. Due to symmetry, only one half of the slab need be
considered. The concrete slab has a thickness of 8 in. (229 mm) and a modulus of rupture of 600 psi
(4.9 kPa). The subgrade has an elastic modulus of 5,000 psi (69 MPa) and a Poisson's ratio of 0.4.
Based on a contact pressure of 100 psi (690 kPa), the size of each contact area is 8.084 in. by 5.567 in.
(205 mm by 141 mm). Each year is divided into two periods with foundation seasonal adjustment
factors, FSAF, of 1.0 and 0.8 for each period. Determine the design life based on PCA fatigue criteria

PROCEDURE
Procedure for this lab session is following

First Need to apply how may nodes at the x and y axis by go to the Arrangement tab,
X-coordinate was selected.

Than clicked slab 1.

Input the X value.

Y-coordinate was selected.

Clicked slab 1.

Input the Y values.

Clicked properties.

Thickness, poison ratio, young modules in properties menu. Values were entered.
There were 3 load groups such as single, tandem and tridem axel loads. That load groups were
located at different coordinates.

Entered the value of loaded areas for load group 1.

Entered the value of loaded areas for load group 2.

Entered the value of loaded areas for load group 3.

Clicked node printout.

Entered the NP value.

Clicked Node X symmetry.

Here this kind of massage appered because NSX value is 0.

Than clicked Node Y symmetry.

Entered the NODSY value.

Then clicked the gape manu.

There is no gap, so the NGAP value is 0.

Next went to main manu of SLABINP and than clicked foundation.

Entered the solid foundation value.

Clicked adjust manu.

Foundation seasonal adjustment factors for the 2 periods was entered.

Clicked the joint.

There is no joint. So this kind of dial box appeared.

Damage manu was selected.

Than fatigue praperties was selected.

Fatigue coefficients was entered.

Clicked volume of traffic manu.

Clicked th period 1.

Entered load repitation value.

Results of Rigid pavement

INPUT FILE NAME -C:\Users\Ashfaak\Desktop\kan lab\rigid slab.TXT

NUMBER OF PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED = 1

TITLE -Rigid pavement slab

TYPE OF FOUNDATION (NFOUND) = 1

TYPE OF DAMAGE ANALYSIS (NDAMA) = 1

NUMBER OF PERIODS PER YEAR (NPY) = 2

NUMBER OF LOAD GROUPS (NLG) = 3

TOTAL NUMBER OF SLABS (NSLAB) = 1

TOTAL NUMBER OF JOINTS (NJOINT) = 0

ARRANGEMENT OF SLABS

SLAB NO. NODES (NX) NO. NODES (NY) JOINT NO. AT FOUR SIDES (JONO)

NO. IN X DIRECTION IN Y DIRECTION LEFT RIGHT BOTTOM TOP

1 9 9 0 0 0 0

NUMBER OF LAYERS (NLAYER)-------------------------------------= 1

NODAL NUMBER USED TO CHECK CONVERGENCE (NNCK)-----------------= 1

NUMBER OF NODES NOT IN CONTACT (NOTCON)-----------------------= 0

NUMBER OF GAPS (NGAP)-----------------------------------------= 0

NUMBER OF POINTS FOR PRINTOUT (NPRINT)------------------------= 3

CODE FOR INPUT OF GAPS OR PRECOMPRESSIONS (INPUT)- -----------= 0

BOND BETWEEN TWO LAYERS (NBOND)-------------------------------= 0

CONDITION OF WARPING (NTEMP)----------------------------------= 0

CODE INDICATING WHETHER SLAB WEIGHT IS CONSIDERED (NWT)-------= 0

MAX NO. OF CYCLES FOR CHECKING CONTACT (NCYCLE)---------------= 1

NUMBER OF ADDITIONAL THICKNESSES FOR SLAB LAYER 1 (NAT1)------= 0

NUMBER OF ADDITIONAL THICKNESSES FOR SLAB LAYER 2 (NAT2)------= 0

NUMBER OF POINTS ON X AXIS OF SYMMETRY (NSX)------------------= 0

NUMBER OF POINTS ON Y AXIS OF SYMMETRY (NSY)------------------= 9

MORE DETAILED PRINTOUT FOR EACH CONTACT CYCLE (MDPO)----------= 0

TOLERANCE FOR ITERATIONS (DEL)--------------------------------= 0.001

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE VERTICAL DISPLACEMENT (FMAX)----------------= 1

SYSTEM OF UNITS (NUNIT)---------------------------------------= 0

(Length in in., force in lb, stress in psi, unit weigh in pcf

subgrade and dowel K value in pci, and temperature in F)

MODULUS OF RUPTURE OF LAYER 1 (PMR(1))------------------------= 600

MODULUS OF RUPTURE OF LAYER 2 (PMR(2))------------------------= 0

FOR SLAB NO. 1 COORDINATES OF FINITE ELEMENT GRID ARE:

X = 0 12 24 36 48 72 96 132 168

Y = 0 9.5 19 39 58 77 96 120 144

LAYER THICKNESS (T) POISSON'S YOUNG'S

NO. RATIO (PR) MODULUS (YM)

1 8.00000 0.15000 4.000E+06

No. OF LOADED AREAS (NUDL) FOR EACH LOAD GROUP ARE: 4 4 8

NO. OF NODAL FORCES (NCNF) AND MOMENTS (NCMX AND NCMY) ARE: 0 0 0

FOR LOAD GROUP NO. 1 LOADS ARE APPLIED AS FOLLOWS:

SLAB NO. X COORDINATES Y COORDINATES INTENSITY

(LS) (XL1) (XL2) (YL1) (YL2) (QQ)

1 0.00000 4.04200 0.00000 5.56700 100.00000

1 0.00000 4.04200 13.43300 19.00000 100.00000

1 0.00000 4.04200 77.00000 82.56700 100.00000

 1 0.00000 4.04200 90.43300 96.00000 100.00000

FOR LOAD GROUP NO. 2 LOADS ARE APPLIED AS FOLLOWS:

SLAB NO. X COORDINATES Y COORDINATES INTENSITY

(LS) (XL1) (XL2) (YL1) (YL2) (QQ)

1 19.98500 28.04200 0.00000 5.56700 100.00000

1 19.95800 28.04200 13.43300 19.00000 100.00000

1 19.95800 28.04200 77.00000 82.56700 100.00000

1 19.95800 28.04200 90.43300 96.00000 100.00000

FOR LOAD GROUP NO. 3 LOADS ARE APPLIED AS FOLLOWS:

SLAB NO. X COORDINATES Y COORDINATES INTENSITY

(LS) (XL1) (XL2) (YL1) (YL2) (QQ)

1 0.00000 4.04200 0.00000 5.56700 100.00000

1 0.00000 4.04200 13.43300 19.00000 100.00000

1 0.00000 4.04200 77.00000 82.56700 100.00000

1 0.00000 4.04200 90.43300 96.00000 100.00000

1 43.95800 52.04200 0.00000 5.56700 100.00000

1 43.95800 52.04200 13.43300 19.00000 100.00000

1 43.95800 52.04200 77.00000 82.56700 100.00000

1 43.95800 52.04200 90.43300 96.00000 100.00000

NODES FOR STRESS PRINTOUT (NP) ARE: 1 19 37

NODES ON Y AXIS OF SYMMETRY (NODSY) ARE: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

FOUNDATION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR (FSAF) FOR EACH PERIOD ARE: 1 0.8

YOUNG'S MODULUS OF FOUNDATION (YMS) = 5000

POISSON'S RATIO OF FOUNDATION (PRS) = 0.4

FOR PERIOD 1 TOTAL NO. OF LOAD REPETITIONS (TNLR) FOR EACH LOAD GROUP ARE:
3650 3650 3650

FOR PERIOD 2 TOTAL NO. OF LOAD REPETITIONS (TNLR) FOR EACH LOAD GROUP ARE:

3650 3650 3650

THE GLOBAL COORDINATES (XO AND YO) OF EACH NODE ARE:

1 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 9.500 3 0.000 19.000

4 0.000 39.000 5 0.000 58.000 6 0.000 77.000

7 0.000 96.000 8 0.000 120.000 9 0.000 144.000

10 12.000 0.000 11 12.000 9.500 12 12.000 19.000

13 12.000 39.000 14 12.000 58.000 15 12.000 77.000

16 12.000 96.000 17 12.000 120.000 18 12.000 144.000

19 24.000 0.000 20 24.000 9.500 21 24.000 19.000

22 24.000 39.000 23 24.000 58.000 24 24.000 77.000

25 24.000 96.000 26 24.000 120.000 27 24.000 144.000

28 36.000 0.000 29 36.000 9.500 30 36.000 19.000

31 36.000 39.000 32 36.000 58.000 33 36.000 77.000

34 36.000 96.000 35 36.000 120.000 36 36.000 144.000

37 48.000 0.000 38 48.000 9.500 39 48.000 19.000

40 48.000 39.000 41 48.000 58.000 42 48.000 77.000

43 48.000 96.000 44 48.000 120.000 45 48.000 144.000

46 72.000 0.000 47 72.000 9.500 48 72.000 19.000

49 72.000 39.000 50 72.000 58.000 51 72.000 77.000

52 72.000 96.000 53 72.000 120.000 54 72.000 144.000

55 96.000 0.000 56 96.000 9.500 57 96.000 19.000

58 96.000 39.000 59 96.000 58.000 60 96.000 77.000

61 96.000 96.000 62 96.000 120.000 63 96.000 144.000

64 132.000 0.000 65 132.000 9.500 66 132.000 19.000

67 132.000 39.000 68 132.000 58.000 69 132.000 77.000

70 132.000 96.000 71 132.000 120.000 72 132.000 144.000

73 168.000 0.000 74 168.000 9.500 75 168.000 19.000

 76 168.000 39.000 77 168.000 58.000 78 168.000 77.000

79 168.000 96.000 80 168.000 120.000 81 168.000 144.000

HALF BAND WIDTH (NB) = 192

PERIOD 1 LOAD GROUP 1 AND CYCLE NO. 1

NODE LAYER STRESS X STRESS Y STRESS XY MAX.SHEAR MAJOR MINOR

1 1 -319.397 0.000 0.000 159.698 0.000 -319.397

19 1 -47.860 0.000 0.000 23.930 0.000 -47.860

37 1 26.953 0.000 0.000 13.477 26.953 0.000

MAXIMUM STRESS (SMAX) IN LAYER 1 IS -319.397 ( NODE 1 )

FOR PERIOD 1 LOAD GROUP 1 CRACKING INDEX (CI) FOR LAYER 1 IS .17207E-01

PERIOD 1 LOAD GROUP 2 AND CYCLE NO. 1

NODE LAYER STRESS X STRESS Y STRESS XY MAX.SHEAR MAJOR MINOR

1 1 -95.377 0.000 0.000 47.688 0.000 -95.377

19 1 -292.574 0.000 0.000 146.287 0.000 -292.574

37 1 -3.491 0.000 0.000 1.745 0.000 -3.491

MAXIMUM STRESS (SMAX) IN LAYER 1 IS -292.574 ( NODE 19 )

FOR PERIOD 1 LOAD GROUP 2 CRACKING INDEX (CI) FOR LAYER 1 IS .24709E-02

PERIOD 1 LOAD GROUP 3 AND CYCLE NO. 1

NODE LAYER STRESS X STRESS Y STRESS XY MAX.SHEAR MAJOR MINOR

1 1 -267.168 0.000 0.000 133.584 0.000 -267.168

19 1 -54.244 0.000 0.000 27.122 0.000 -54.244

37 1 -247.427 0.000 0.000 123.714 0.000 -247.427

MAXIMUM STRESS (SMAX) IN LAYER 1 IS -267.168 ( NODE 1 )

FOR PERIOD 1 LOAD GROUP 3 CRACKING INDEX (CI) FOR LAYER 1 IS .00000E+00

PERIOD 2 LOAD GROUP 1 AND CYCLE NO. 1

NODE LAYER STRESS X STRESS Y STRESS XY MAX.SHEAR MAJOR MINOR

1 1 -335.997 0.000 0.000 167.999 0.000 -335.997

19 1 -60.278 0.000 0.000 30.139 0.000 -60.278

37 1 21.651 0.000 0.000 10.826 21.651 0.000

MAXIMUM STRESS (SMAX) IN LAYER 1 IS -335.997 ( NODE 1 )

FOR PERIOD 2 LOAD GROUP 1 CRACKING INDEX (CI) FOR LAYER 1 IS .38757E-01

PERIOD 2 LOAD GROUP 2 AND CYCLE NO. 1

NODE LAYER STRESS X STRESS Y STRESS XY MAX.SHEAR MAJOR MINOR

1 1 -119.990 0.000 0.000 59.995 0.000 -119.990

19 1 -314.323 0.000 0.000 157.162 0.000 -314.323

37 1 -15.575 0.000 0.000 7.787 0.000 -15.575

MAXIMUM STRESS (SMAX) IN LAYER 1 IS -314.323 ( NODE 19 )

FOR PERIOD 2 LOAD GROUP 2 CRACKING INDEX (CI) FOR LAYER 1 IS .12885E-01

PERIOD 2 LOAD GROUP 3 AND CYCLE NO. 1

NODE LAYER STRESS X STRESS Y STRESS XY MAX.SHEAR MAJOR MINOR

1 1 -293.872 0.000 0.000 146.936 0.000 -293.872

19 1 -78.343 0.000 0.000 39.172 0.000 -78.343

37 1 -265.852 0.000 0.000 132.926 0.000 -265.852

MAXIMUM STRESS (SMAX) IN LAYER 1 IS -293.872 ( NODE 1 )

FOR PERIOD 2 LOAD GROUP 3 CRACKING INDEX (CI) FOR LAYER 1 IS .28019E-02

FOR LAYER 1 SUM OF CRACKING INDEX (SUMCI) = .74122E-01

DESIGN LIFE (DL) IN YEARS = 13.49

2. Flexible pavement

Procedures
Fist need to edit the general tab
Then insert the Z-coordinate, there’re three Z-coordinate. And press OK button.

Then open the layer tab and insert the layer thickness and poisson ratio. And press OK button
After that, open moduli tab and select the periods and insert the modulus of the layers. And
press the OK.

Then, select the load group, and press OK.

Results of Flexible pavement
INPUT FILE NAME -C:\Users\Ashfaak\Desktop\kan lab\kanpave lab.DAT

NUMBER OF PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED = 1

TITLE -Flexible pavement

MATL = 1 FOR LINEAR ELASTIC LAYERED SYSTEM

NDAMA = 0, SO DAMAGE ANALYSIS WILL NOT BE PERFORMED
NUMBER OF PERIODS PER YEAR (NPY) = 1
NUMBER OF LOAD GROUPS (NLG) = 1
TOLERANCE FOR INTEGRATION (DEL) -- = 0.001
NUMBER OF LAYERS (NL)------------- = 3
NUMBER OF Z COORDINATES (NZ)------ = 3
LIMIT OF INTEGRATION CYCLES (ICL)- = 80
COMPUTING CODE (NSTD)------------- = 1
SYSTEM OF UNITS (NUNIT)------------= 1
Length and displacement in cm, stress and modulus in kPa
unit weight in kN/m^3, and temperature in C

THICKNESSES OF LAYERS (TH) ARE : 15.24 20.32

POISSON'S RATIOS OF LAYERS (PR) ARE : 0.4 0.35 0.45
VERTICAL COORDINATES OF POINTS (ZC) ARE: 0 15.24 35.56
ALL INTERFACES ARE FULLY BONDED

FOR PERIOD NO. 1 LAYER NO. AND MODULUS ARE : 1 5.102E+06 2

1.586E+05
3 7.584E+04

LOAD GROUP NO. 1 HAS 4 CONTACT AREAS

CONTACT RADIUS (CR)--------------- = 11.4808
CONTACT PRESSURE (CP)------------- = 483
NO. OF POINTS AT WHICH RESULTS ARE DESIRED (NPT)-- = 12
WHEEL SPACING ALONG X-AXIS (XW)------------------- = 121.92
WHEEL SPACING ALONG Y-AXIS (YW)------------------- = 34.29

RESPONSE PT. NO. AND (XPT, YPT) ARE: 1 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 8.570
3 0.000 17.145 4 20.320 0.000 5 20.320 8.750 6 20.320 17.145
7 40.640 0.000 8 40.640 8.573 9 40.640 17.145 10 60.960 0.000
11 60.960 8.573 126096.000 17.573

PERIOD NO. 1 LOAD GROUP NO. 1

POINT VERTICAL VERTICAL

NO. COORDINATE DISPLACEMENT

1 0.00000 0.05366
1 15.24000 0.05025
1 35.56000 0.04458

2 0.00000 0.05433
2 15.24000 0.05137
2 35.56000 0.04553

3 0.00000 0.05470
3 15.24000 0.05161
3 35.56000 0.04584

4 0.00000 0.05222
4 15.24000 0.04907
4 35.56000 0.04508

5 0.00000 0.05313
5 15.24000 0.05021
5 35.56000 0.04598

6 0.00000 0.05344
6 15.24000 0.05054
6 35.56000 0.04627

7 0.00000 0.04966
7 15.24000 0.04641
7 35.56000 0.04397

8 0.00000 0.05047
8 15.24000 0.04731
8 35.56000 0.04473
9 0.00000 0.05074
9 15.24000 0.04762
9 35.56000 0.04498

10 0.00000 0.04863
10 15.24000 0.04533
10 35.56000 0.04338

11 0.00000 0.04934
11 15.24000 0.04613
11 35.56000 0.04408

12 0.00000 0.00042
12 15.24000 0.00042
12 35.56000 0.00042