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AUDITORIUM BUILDING
USING (PRE- ENGINEERED
BUILDING METHOD)
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We have deep urge to record our sincere gratitude to the helping hands
for their contribution in successful completion of our project.
We are grateful to the God almighty who have showered his blessings on
us without whom our project would not have been a successful one.
We would like to thank all the teaching and non-teaching staffs who
stand as a boon to us throughout this project. We are thankful to all our friends
who encouraged us in all steps of this project. Lastly, we would like to ‘Pat on
our shoulder’ for the amount of hard work and confidence we had on this
Project for its successful completion.
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ABSTRACT
This project deals with the analysis and design of the Auditorium with
special emphasis on Truss, Columns, Footing and. Analysis is carried out using
Substitute Frame Analysis and preliminary analysis of truss, column is carried
out using Moment Distribution method. Concrete mix used for the RCC
members is M20 and steel used is high yield strength deformed bars of grade
Fe415. Limit State Method is adopted for the design of all structural members
in the building. Safe bearing capacity of soil is taken as 200kN/m2. Footing is
designed as Isolated type. Plan and detailing of reinforcement are enclosed in
this report. Area and other specifications are taken from IS2526:1963 (Code of
practice for acoustical design of Auditorium and conference halls) and NBC
(National Building Code). The limit state method of collapse using IS:
456-
2000, and SP16 have been adopted for the design of structural components like
truss, columns and foundations. Design and analysis is done manually and the
results are verified using STAAD Pro. We have used the AUTO CAD.
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CHAPTER NO TITLE PG .NO
ABSTRACT 4
LIST OF TABLES 11
LIST OF FIGURES 13,14
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. GENERAL 7
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1. REALISTIC DESIGN CONSTRAINT 10
2.2. REFERENCE CODES AND STANDARDS 11
3. ANALYSIS
3.1. STAAD OUTPUT 14
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4. DESIGN
4.1. DESIGN OF ROOF TRUSS 16
4.2. DESIGN OF PURLING 17
4.3. DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN 22
4.4. DESIGN OF BASE SLAB AND
FOUNDATION 24
5. CONCLUSION 28
6. REFERENCE 30
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. GENERAL:
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances such as theatres.
Auditorium, Conference hall, Library and Indoor Games are necessary for an Engineering college. In
Kuppam College of Engineering, Library, Conference hall are located at different locations and also
there is no special building for Auditorium. This project reports on the analysis and design of
Auditorium, Library and Indoor Games hall in one separate block. All structural components for the
building such as Truss, columns, footing are analysed and designed with Isolated footing is adopted
for all columns. Safe bearing capacity is taken as 200kN/The structure is designed by using limit
state method, adopting M20 concrete and Fe415 HYSD bars. Site plan, plan showing various floors,
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section of plan, elevation of plan and detailing of reinforcements for truss, Column, and Footing are
also enclosed.
Pre-Engineered Buildings
T e c h n o l o g i c a l i m p r o v e m e n t o v e r t h e y e a r h a s c o n t r i b u t e d i m m e n s e l y t o t h e enha
ncement of quality of life through various new products and services. One such
revolution was the pre-engineered buildings. Through its origin can be traced back
to1960’s its potential has been felt only during the recent years. This was mainly due to the
development in technology, which helped in computerizing the design and design. Though initially
only off the shelf products were available in these configurations aided by the technological
development tailor made solutions are also made using this technology in very short
durations. A recent survey by the Metal Building Associations (MBMA) shows that about
60% of the non-residential low rises building in USA are pre-engineered buildings. Although PEB
systems are extensively used in industrial and many other
nonr e s i d e n t i a l c o n s t r u c t i o n s w o r l d w i d e , i t i s r e l a t i v e l y a n e w c o n c e p t i n I n d i a .
T h e s e concepts were introduced to the Indian markets lately in the late 1990’s with the opening up
of the economy and a number of multi nationals setting up their projects. The
market potential of PEB’s is 1.2 million tones per annum. The current pre engineered steel building
manufacturing capacity is 0.35 million tons per annum. The industry is growing at the compound
rate of 25 to 30 %. W i t h r e s p e c t t o d e s i g n o f t h e s t r u c t u r e a n d a e s t h e t i c a p p e a r a n c e
India is
w a y behind. Indian manufacturers are trying to catch up; comparatively PEB’s is a newconcept in
India. Besides, in fabrication and other areas of PEB India is very good. As compared to
other countries Indian codes for building design are stringent but safer. IS-standards are
upgraded continuously. In India, American codes are also followed.
APPLICATIONS
More than 70% of all single storey non-residential construction, in the
U S A , utilizes pre-engineered buildings. The applications of pre-
engineered buildings rangefrom small car parking sheds to 90 m (+) wide clear span
aircraft hangars to low-rise multi storey buildings. Almost every conceivable building
use has been achieved using the pre-engineered building approach The most common
applications of pre-engineered buildings are:
Industrial
•Factories
•Workshops
•Warehouses
•Fuel stations
•Cold storages
•Car parking sheds
•Slaughter houses
•Bulk product storage and Godowns.
Institutional
•Schools
•Exhibition halls
•Hospitals
•Theatres
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•Auditoriums
•Indoor Sports halls.
Aviation & Military
•Aircraft hangers
•Administration Buildings
•Residential barracks
•Support facilities
ADVANTAGES:
REDUCED CONSTRUCTION TIME: Buildings are typically delivered in just a few weeks
after approval of drawings. Foundation and anchor bolts are cast parallel with finished,
ready for the site bolting. Our study shows that in India the use of PEB will reduce total
construction time of the project by at least 50%. This also allows faster occupancy and
earlier realization of revenue.
LOWER COST: Due to the systems approach, there is a significant saving in design,
manufacturing and on site erection cost. The secondary members and cladding
n e s t together reducing transportation cost.
FLEXIBILTY OF EXPANSION: Buildings can be easily expanded in length by adding additional
bays. Also expansion in width and height is possible by pre designing for future expansion.
LARGE CLEAR SPANS: Buildings can be supplied to around 80M clear spans.
QUALITY CONTROL: As buildings are manufactured completely in the factory under controlled
conditions the quality is assured.
LOW MAINTENANCE: Buildings are supplied with high quality paint systems
for cladding and steel to suit ambient conditions at the site, which results in long durability and low
maintenance coats.
ENERGY EFFICIENT ROOFING AND WALL SYSTEMS:
B u i l d i n g s c a n b e supplied with polyurethane insulated panels or fiberglass blankets
insulation to achieve required “U” values.
ARCHITECTURAL VERSTALITY:
Building can be supplied with various types of fasci as, canopies, and curved eaves and
are designed to receive pre cast concrete wall panels, curtain walls, block walls and other wall
systems.
SINGLE SOURCE RESPONSIBILTY:
As the complete building package
is supplied by a single vendor, compatibility of all the building components and accessories isassur
ed. This is one of the major benefits of the pre-engineered building systems
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Halls Used for Speech -The clarity of speech is most important in this
case. Optimum clarity depends on:1 correct reverberation time, 2 absence of
echo,3 correct loudness level at all parts of hall. Halls for music - Adequate
reverberation is important to lend proper blending and fullness of music. The
reverberation time is required to be higher than for halls meant for speech only.
General Purpose Halls Used for Both speech and music- The reverberation time
should be in-between that provided for in halls for music and speech. Cinemas
(Sound Picture hall).
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1.3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
1. Seats
Seats should be staggered sideways in relation to those in front so that a listener
in any row is not looking directly over the head of- the person in front of him
This is particularly important for halls where the audience provides the major
part of the required sound absorption
1.4.LITERATURE REVIEW:
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reflected speech energy according to the integration and masking characteristics
of hearing, and enabled predictions to be made from impulse measurements in
models. However, it was necessary to extend the Signal-to-Noise Ratio theory
to account for the effect of fluctuating ambient background noise on speech
intelligibility.
Howard G. Latham, The Measurement of Quality in Auditorium Acoustics by
Subjective Scaling Methods – A Review of Developments in Theory and
Practice The effects of reflections: The terms 'reflection' and 'echo' have
sometimes been confused, in that any perceptible reflection was called an 'echo'.
It could be useful to identify three types of reflection by their subjective
effects in complex sound fields:
• Perceptible but not disturbing, and not perceived as an echo or new source.
1.5 OBJECTIVE:
i. The objective of the project is to design an auditorium with a large span
without compromising safety.
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ii. The seating is done considering acoustic
1.6. NECESSITY:
i. To provide a stage for performing arts.
ii. ii. To accommodate an audience of large members for seminars and
lectures.
2. METHODOLOGY:
• Literature survey: Books and codes required for the project are
collected.
• Planning: Plan is made using AUTOCAD.
• Calculation of loads:With reference to code books, design loads are
calculated
• Analysis and Design: Analysis and Design of various elements of
auditorium like roof truss, R.C.C column, beam and foundation is done
using software like STAAD. Pro and MS Office.
• Detailing: Detailing of basic elements of auditorium infrastructure is done
using AUTO CAD.
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CE 0201 - Mechanics of Solids Evaluation of bending moment
and shear forces
CODES/STANDARDS CONTEXT
IS 875:1987 (Part 1) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN
LOADS: DEADLOADS- UNIT
WEIGTHS OF BUILDING MATERIALS
AND STORED MATERIALS
IS 875:1987 (Part 2) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN
LOADS- IMPOSED LOADS
IS 875:1987 (Part 3) CODE OF PRACTISE FOR DESIGN
LOADS -WIND LOADS
IS 456:2000 PLAIN AND REINFORCED
CONCRETE - CODE OF PRACTICE
IS 800:2007 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION IN STEEL
IS 2526:1963 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
ACOUSTICAL DESIGN OF AUDITORIUM
AND CONFERENCE HALLS
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LAYOUT:
FIG.1.
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The procedure followed in analysing the auditorium is
FIG.2.3D RENDERING
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FIG.3MOMENT AND SHEAR GRAPH DIA
Determine DL, LL&WL per panel point for Roof truss Of the following
data at Chennai:-
1) Span of truss = 24m.
5) Assume height of Purlin and other fixtures = 125N/m2 Per plan area.
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7) Number of Purlin = 14.
a) Preliminary calculation:-
1) Angle of span:
Tanα = rise/(L/2) = 4/12 =0.333
α=18.42°.
2) Length of principle rafter:
P.R = √(12^2 + 4^2)
= √(180.89)
= 12.65m.
3) Half plan of area:
= (L/2)× Spacing of roof truss
= (24/2)×4
= 48m^2.
4) Half Sloped area:
= Length of principle rafter × Spacing of roof truss
= 12.65 × 4
= 50.6m^2.
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= 0.13kn/m^2
1)Weight of roofing material:
= 0.13 × 50.6
= 6.578Kn.
2)Weight of Purlin:
Assume weight of purlin as 125n/m^2
= 0.125kn/m^2.
Weight of Purlin = 0.125 × 48
= 6kn.
3)Self Weight of roof truss:
= 10[(span/3)+5]
= 10[(24/3)+5]
= 130n/m^2.
Self weight of roof truss = 0.13×48
= 6.24kn
4) Weight of wind bracing:
Assume weight of wind bracing = 15n/m^2.
= 0.015kn/m^2.
Weight of wind bracing = 0.015×48
=0.72kn.
Total Dead Load = 6.578+6+6.24+0.72
= 19.538kn.
= 1.628kn
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4.2 DESIGN OF PURLIN
Properties:
Spacing of truss = 4m
Spacing of purlin = 2m
= 0.25KN/m
Load combination 1
= 1.5DL + 1.5LL
= 2.175KN/m
Load combination 2
= 1.5DL – 1.05WL
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= -2.775KN/m
= 2.175×cos 18.42°
= 2.063KM/m
= 2.175×sin 18.42°
= 0.687KN/m
Major axis:
M = 2 = 2.063×42 = 4.126KN-m
ZZ 8 8
Minor axis:
M = 2 = 0.687×42 = 1.374KN/m
YY 8 8
pz
b= 60 60
= 4000 = 66.67
d= 45 45
= 4000 = 88.89
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Zpz = 4.126×10
250 6 (1.1) + 2.5(66.67
88.89)1.374×10
250 6(1.1)
= 18154.4 + 11335.925
Properties:
= 9.375× 103mm3
Section classification
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50⁄
⁄
2) = 2
= 2
= 3.33 < 9.4
7.5
Major :
=
V
dz √3
√3 1.1
Minor :
V =
dy √3
1.1 1.1
= 9.961KN-m ≤ 10.173KN-m
= Zpy ≤ 1.5 Zey
Mdy
= 9.375× 103 × 250
1.1
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≤ 1.5×7.5× 103 × 250
1.1
= 2.131KM-m ≤ 2.557KN-m
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Step : 6 Check for interaction equation
+ ≤ 1
4.126
+ 1.374
2.131
≤ 1
9.961
0.98 ≤ 1
Hence ok
Actual deflection = 5
4
384
= 5×2.063×(4×10
384×2×10 3)4
5×187.6×104
= 18.72mm
Hence safe.
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4.3. Design of steel column
Data:
Length of column(l) = 8m
Free rotational
Ae
= 1.1× 372.93
= 410.27mm2
Properties:
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Thickness of flange(tf) = 12.4mm
KL = 0.8L
= 0.8×8
= 6.4m
= 6.4×10
28.4 3
= 225.35
To find fcd:
fy
220 34
225.35 fcd=32.5N/mm2
230 31.2
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Compressive strength
Pd = Ae fcd
Ae = 0.9Ag
= 0.9 × 5626
= 5063.4mm2
Pd = 5063.4× 32.5
= 164.56KN
P < Pd 50.346
< 164.56
Hence safe.
DATA:
Column properties:
D = 300mm
Bf = 140mm Tf
= 12.4mm
Tw = 7.5mm
Base plate.
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Step : 1 Calculation of required area of conceret
= 0.45× 20
= 9N/mm2
=
0.45
= 830.346×10
9 3
Areq
= 92260.67mm2
Ratio of column:
= 140
300
B = 2.14L
Area = L× B = 92260.67
L× 2.14B = 92260.67
2.14L2 = 92260.67
L = 207.64 ≈ 210mm
B = 439.33 ≈ 440mm
Projections:
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Larger(a) = − = 440−300 = 70mm
2 2
W= = 830.346×10
210×440 3
W = 8.98N/mm2
ts = √(2.5 ( 2
− 0.3 2
) / > tf
= 21.16mm
Base plate
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Fu = 410N/mm2
= 157.81 ×
√2
= 157.81 × 12
√2
= 1338.97N/mm
= /
= 830.346×10
1338.97 3
= 620mm
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DETAILINGS
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5. CONCLUSION
6. REFERENCE:
• Ahmed Ali Elkhateeb, Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2012, Pg. No. 5-9
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• Bodycombe, Audience Geometry, Journal of Sound and Vibration 78(4),
Parameters for the Acoustic Design of Auditoria, 1992, Pg. No. 5-15
• IS: 456 (2000), Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code Of Practice, Bureau
• IS: 875 (Part I) (1987), Code of practice for design loads (other than
earthquake) for buildings and structures Part I Dead Loads – Unit weights
• IS 875 (Part II) (1987), Code of practice for design loads (other than
• IS 875 (Part III) (1987), Code Of Practice For Design Loads: Wind
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Loads SP: 16, Design aid for reinforced concrete
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