TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Manila
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Department of Electronics Engineering
ACECE4L – M
Circuits 1 (Lab)

Experiment No. 1
Ohm’s Law

Submitted by:
Batan, Caroline D.
Casem, Christian David C.
Dagusen, Jack S.
Fernandez, Ma. Olivia O.
Flores, Den Jansen
Lagadon, Mary Kaye S.
Lapasaran, Mica C.
Paulino, Chyna
Senosa, Jade Meler C.
BS ECE 2A

Submitted to:
Dr. Ira C. Valenzuela

October 16, 2019

Part I: Study the dependence I=f(V) when R = const
A. Data and Results
Table 1.1
I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 100 [Ohm]
Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.97 9.7 100 0
2 1.96 19.6 100 0
3 2.95 29.45 100.169 0.17
4 3.93 39.27 100.076 0.08
5 4.91 49.19 99.817 0.18
99.7411
6 5.9 59.13 99.78 0.22
7 6.88 68.99 99.725 0.28
8 7.86 79 99.494 0.5
9 8.82 88.84 99.28 0.73
10 9.79 98.82 99.07 0.93

Table 1.2

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 200 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 4.89 200.409 0.2045
2 1.98 9.89 200.202 0.101
3 2.98 14.87 200.403 0.2015
4 3.97 19.81 200.404 0.202
5 4.96 24.78 200.161 0.0805 200.2678
6 5.95 29.76 199.932 0.034
7 6.95 34.69 200.346 0.173
8 7.94 39.63 200.353 0.1765
9 8.91 44.5 200.225 0.1125
10 9.89 49.39 200.243 0.1215
Table 1.3

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 300 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 3.27 299.694 0.102
2 1.99 6.63 300.151 0.0503
3 2.99 9.96 300.201 0.067
4 3.98 13.28 299.699 0.1003
299.7397
5 4.98 16.62 299.639 0.1203
6 5.98 19.95 299.749 0.0837
7 6.97 23.26 299.656 0.1147
8 7.96 26.58 299.473 0.1757
9 8.94 29.85 299.497 0.1677
10 9.93 33.14 299.638 0.1207

Table 1.4

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 400 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.99 2.45 404.082 1.0205
2 1.99 4.97 400.402 0.1005
3 2.99 7.47 400.268 0.067
4 3.99 9.95 401.005 0.2513
5 4.99 12.45 400.803 0.20075 400.6912
6 5.99 14.96 400.401 0.10025
7 6.98 17.45 400 0
8 7.98 19.94 400.201 0.05025
9 8.95 22.38 399.911 0.02225
10 9.94 24.86 399.839 0.04025
Table 1.5

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 500 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 1.92 510.416 2.618
2 1.97 3.88 507.732 1.546
3 2.98 5.91 504.23 0.846
4 3.99 7.91 504.425 0.885
5 4.98 9.9 503.03 0.606 503.9429
6 5.97 11.89 502.103 0.421
7 6.97 13.88 502.161 0.432
8 7.97 15.88 501.889 0.378
9 8.96 17.86 501.68 0.336
10 9.96 19.85 501.763 0.353

Table 1.6

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 600 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 1.6 612.05 2.008
2 1.97 3.23 609.907 1.651
3 2.99 4.92 607.724 1.287
4 3.99 6.6 604.545 0.758
5 4.98 8.25 603.636 0.606 604.9139
6 5.98 9.91 603.431 0.572
7 6.97 11.57 602.42 0.403
8 7.97 13.24 601.964 0.327
9 8.97 14.9 602.013 0.336
10 9.96 16.56 601.449 0.242
Table 1.7

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 700 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 1.36 710.245 1.449
2 1.97 2.77 711.191 1.599
3 2.99 4.21 710.214 1.459
4 3.99 5.65 706.195 0.885
5 4.98 7.07 704.385 0.626 705.7301
6 5.98 8.51 702.703 0.386
7 6.98 9.92 703.629 0.518
8 7.98 11.34 703.704 0.529
9 8.97 12.77 702.428 0.347
10 9.97 14.19 702.607 0.372

Table 1.8

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 800 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 1.19 823.529 2.941
2 1.97 2.42 814.050 1.756
3 2.99 3.69 810.298 1.287
4 3.99 4.94 807.692 0.962
5 4.99 6.18 807.443 0.930 807.849
6 5.98 7.43 804.845 0.606
7 6.98 8.69 803.222 0.403
8 7.98 9.94 802.817 0.352
9 8.98 11.19 802.502 0.313
10 9.97 12.43 802.092 0.261
Table 1.9

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 900 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 1.05 933.333 3.704
2 1.97 2.15 916.279 1.809
3 2.99 3.27 914.373 1.597
4 3.99 4.39 908.884 0.987
5 4.99 5.5 907.273 0.808 909.991
6 5.99 6.61 906.203 0.689
7 6.98 7.72 904.145 0.461
8 7.98 8.83 903.737 0.415
9 8.98 9.94 903.421 0.380
10 9.97 11.05 902.262 0.251

Table 1.10

I=f(V) when R=Const. R = 1000 [Ohm]

Measured value Calculated value
N V1 A1 R Measurement Error Mean Value of R
[V] [mA] [Ohm] [%] [Ohm]
1 0.98 0.94 1042.553 4.255
2 1.97 1.94 1015.464 1.546
3 2.99 2.96 1010.135 1.014
4 3.99 3.97 1005.038 0.504
5 4.99 4.97 1004.024 0.402 1006.949
6 5.98 5.98 1000.000 0.000
7 6.98 6.98 1000.000 0.000
8 7.98 8 997.500 0.250
9 8.98 9 997.778 0.222
10 9.98 10.01 997.003 0.300
 B. Graphs

R = 100 Ohms R = 200 Ohms

120 60

100 50
98.82
Current (mA)

49.39

Current (mA)
80 40
88.84 44.5
60 79 39.63
30 34.69
68.99
59.13 29.76
40 20 24.78
49.19
39.27 19.81
20 29.45 10 14.87
19.6 9.89
0 9.7 0 4.89
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Voltage (V) Voltage (V)

R = 300 Ohms R = 400 Ohms

35 30
30 33.14 25
25 29.85 24.86
Current (mA)

Current (mA)

26.58 20 22.38
20 23.26 19.94
15 17.45
15 19.95
16.62 14.96
10 12.45
10 13.28
9.95
5 9.96 5 7.47
6.63 4.97
0 3.27 0 2.45
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Voltage (V) Voltage (V)

R = 500 Ohms R = 600 Ohms

25 18
16
20 14 16.56
14.9
Current (mA)

Current (mA)

19.85 12
15 17.86 13.24
15.88 10 11.57
13.88 8 9.91
10
11.89 6 8.25
9.9 6.6
5 7.91 4
5.91 4.92
2
3.88 3.23
0 0 1.6
1.92
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Voltage (V) Voltage (V)
 R = 700 Ohms R = 800 Ohms
16 14
14 12
12 14.19 12.43
10
Current (mA)

Current (mA)
12.77 11.19
10 11.34 9.94
8
8 9.92 8.69
8.51 6 7.43
6
7.07 4 6.18
4 5.65 4.94
2 4.21 2 3.69
2.77 2.42
0 1.36 0 1.19
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Voltage (V) Voltage (V)

R = 900 Ohms R = 1000 Ohms

12 12

10 11.05 10
9.94 10.01
Current (mA)

Current (mA)
8 8 9
8.83
7.72 8
6 6 6.98
6.61
5.5 5.98
4 4 4.97
4.39 3.97
2 3.27 2 2.96
2.15 1.94
0 1.05 0 0.94
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Voltage (V) Voltage (V)

Current - Voltage Relationship

120
100 0HMS
100 200 OHMS

80 300 OHMS
Current (mA)

400 OHMS
60
500 OHMS
40 600 OHMS

20 700 OHMS
800 OHMS
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 900 OHMS

Voltage (V) 1000 OHMS

 Calculated Value

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
N
[Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm] [Ohm]

1 9.7 4.89 3.27 2.45 1.92 1.6 1.36 1.19 1.05 0.94

2 19.6 9.89 6.63 4.97 3.88 3.23 2.77 2.42 2.15 1.94

3 29.45 14.87 9.96 7.47 5.91 4.92 4.21 3.69 3.27 2.96

4 39.27 19.81 13.28 9.95 7.91 6.6 5.65 4.94 4.39 3.97

5 49.19 24.78 16.62 12.45 9 8.25 7.07 6.18 5.5 4.97

6 59.13 29.76 19.95 14.96 11.89 9.91 8.51 7.43 6.61 5.98

7 68.99 34.69 23.26 17.45 13.88 11.57 9.92 8.69 7.72 6.98

8 79 39.63 26.58 19.94 15.88 13.24 11.34 9.94 8.83 8

9 88.84 44.5 29.85 22.38 17.86 14.9 12.77 11.19 9.94 9

10 98.82 49.39 33.14 24.86 19.85 16.56 14.19 12.43 11.05 10.01

Part II: Study the dependence I = f(R) when V = const

A. Data and Results
Table 2.1
 I = f(R) when
1V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 0.97 9.57 101.3584
2 200 0.98 4.82 203.3195
3 300 0.98 3.21 305.296
4 400 0.98 2.4 408.3333
5 500 0.98 1.92 510.4167
6 600 0.98 1.59 616.3522
7 700 0.98 1.36 720.5882
8 800 0.98 1.19 823.5294
9 900 0.98 1.05 933.3333
10 1000 0.98 0.95 1031.579

Table 2.2

I = f(R) when
2V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 1.94 19.52 99.38525
2 200 1.96 9.72 201.6461
3 300 1.97 6.49 303.5439
4 400 1.95 4.34 449.3088
5 500 1.97 3.89 506.4267
6 600 1.97 3.24 608.0247
7 700 1.97 2.78 708.6331
8 800 1.97 2.43 810.6996
9 900 1.97 2.15 916.2791
10 1000 1.97 1.94 1015.464

Table 2.3

I = f(R) when
3V
V=const.
 N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 2.94 29.22 100.616
2 200 4.97 14.74 337.1777
3 300 2.98 7.4 402.7027
4 400 2.98 5.92 503.3784
5 500 2.99 4.93 606.4909
6 600 2.99 4.23 706.8558
7 700 2.99 3.7 808.1081
8 800 2.99 3.29 908.8146
9 900 2.99 3.07 973.9414
10 1000 2.99 2.95 1013.559

Table 2.4

I = f(R) when
4V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 3.92 39.07 100.3327
2 200 3.96 19.73 200.7096
3 300 3.98 13.2 301.5152
4 400 3.98 9.91 401.6145
5 500 3.99 7.93 503.1526
6 600 3.99 6.61 603.6309
7 700 3.99 5.67 703.7037
8 800 3.99 4.96 804.4355
9 900 3.99 4.41 904.7619
10 1000 3.99 3.96 1007.576

Table 2.5
 I = f(R) when
5V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 4.9 48.67 100.678
2 200 4.94 24.67 200.2432
3 300 4.97 16.5 301.2121
4 400 4.98 12.37 402.5869
5 500 4.98 9.92 502.0161
6 600 4.98 8.26 602.9056
7 700 4.99 7.09 703.8082
8 800 4.99 6.21 803.5427
9 900 4.99 5.51 905.6261
10 1000 4.99 4.96 1006.048

Table 2.6

I = f(R) when
6V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 5.88 58.72 100.1362
2 200 5.94 29.61 200.6079
3 300 5.96 19.81 300.8582
4 400 5.98 14.88 401.8817
5 500 5.97 11.91 501.2594
6 600 5.98 9.93 602.2155
7 700 5.98 8.51 702.7027
8 800 5.98 7.45 802.6846
9 900 5.99 6.63 903.4691
10 1000 5.99 5.96 1005.034

Table 2.7
 I = f(R) when
7V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 6.86 68.57 100.0438
2 200 6.93 34.58 200.4049
3 300 6.95 23.13 300.4756
4 400 6.97 17.12 407.1262
5 500 6.97 13.9 501.4388
6 600 6.98 11.59 602.2433
7 700 6.98 9.94 702.2133
8 800 6.98 8.7 802.2989
9 900 6.98 7.74 901.8088
10 1000 6.99 6.97 1002.869

Table 2.8

I = f(R) when
8V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 7.84 78.45 99.93627
2 200 7.92 39.55 200.2528
3 300 7.95 26.45 300.5671
4 400 7.96 19.85 401.0076
5 500 7.97 15.9 501.2579
6 600 7.98 13.26 601.81
7 700 7.98 11.37 701.847
8 800 7.98 9.96 801.2048
9 900 7.98 8.85 901.6949
10 1000 7.99 7.97 1002.509

Table 2.9
 I = f(R) when
9V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 8.82 88.42 99.75119
2 200 8.91 44.52 200.1348
3 300 8.94 29.77 300.3023
4 400 8.95 22.33 400.8061
5 500 8.96 17.89 500.8385
6 600 8.97 14.93 600.8038
7 700 8.97 12.8 700.7813
8 800 8.98 11.21 801.0705
9 900 8.98 9.97 900.7021
10 1000 8.98 8.97 1001.115

Table 2.10

I = f(R) when
10V
V=const.
N Settings Measured value Calculated value
R1 V1 A1 R1
[Ohm] [V] [mA] [Ohm]
1 100 9.8 98.31 99.68467
2 200 9.9 49.5 200
3 300 9.93 33.09 300.0907
4 400 9.95 24.82 400.8864
5 500 9.96 19.89 500.7541
6 600 9.96 16.59 600.3617
7 700 9.97 14.22 701.1252
8 800 9.97 12.46 800.1605
9 900 9.98 11.08 900.722
10 1000 9.98 9.97 1001.003
 B. Graphs

V = 1V V = 2V
12 25
10 20
CUrrent (mA)

Current (mA)
8 19.52
15
6
10
4
9.72
2 5
6.49
0 0 4.34
3.89 3.24 2.78
2.43 2.15 1.94
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Resistance (Ohms) Resistance (Ohms)

V = 3V V = 4V
35 50
30
40
Current (mA)

Current (mA)

25 29.22
20 30
15 20
10 14.74
10
5
7.4 5.92
0 4.93 4.23 3.7 0
3.293.07
2.95
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Resistance (Ohms) Resistance (Ohms)

V = 5V V = 6V
60 70
50 60
Current (mA)

Current (mA)

48.67 50 58.72
40
40
30
30
20 29.61
24.67 20
10 16.5 10 19.81
12.37 9.92 14.8811.91
0 8.26 7.09 6.21 0 9.93 8.51 7.45 6.63 5.96
5.51 4.96
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Resistance (Ohms) Resistance (Ohms)
 V = 7V V = 8V
80 100
70
80
60 68.57

Current (mA)
Current (mA)

50 78.45
60
40
30 40
34.58 39.55
20
23.13 20
10 26.45
17.1213.9 19.85 15.9
0 11.59 9.94 8.7 7.74 6.97 0 13.2611.379.96 8.85
7.97
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Resistance (Ohms) Resistance (Ohms)

V = 9V V = 10V
100 120

80 100
Current (mA)
Current (mA)

80 98.31
60
60
40
40
49.5
20 20 33.09
24.8219.89
0 0 16.5914.2212.46
11.08 9.97
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Resistance (Ohms) Resistance (Ohms)

Current-Resistance Curve
120
100
80
Current

60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Resistance

Series1 Series2 Series3 Series4 Series5

Series6 Series7 Series8 Series9 Series10
 Calculated Value

I1 I2 I3 I4 I5 I6 I7 I8 I9 I10
N
[mA] [mA] [mA] [mA] [mA] [mA] [mA] [mA] [mA] [mA]

1 9.57 19.52 29.22 39.07 48.67 58.72 68.57 78.45 88.42 98.31
2 4.82 9.72 14.74 19.73 24.67 29.61 34.58 39.55 44.52 49.5
3 3.21 6.49 7.4 13.2 16.5 19.81 23.13 26.45 29.77 33.09
4 2.4 4.34 5.92 9.91 12.37 14.88 17.12 19.85 22.33 24.82
5 1.92 3.89 4.93 7.93 9.92 11.91 13.9 15.9 17.89 19.89
6 1.59 3.24 4.23 6.61 8.26 9.93 11.59 13.26 14.93 16.59
7 1.36 2.78 3.7 5.67 7.09 8.51 9.94 11.37 12.8 14.22
8 1.19 2.43 3.29 4.96 6.21 7.45 8.7 9.96 11.21 12.46
9 1.05 2.15 3.07 4.41 5.51 6.63 7.74 8.85 9.97 11.08
10 0.95 1.94 2.95 3.96 4.96 5.96 6.97 7.97 8.97 9.97