Looking for a Smarter City?

Eugene Botes RCDD/NTS

Technical Manager MEPA
CommScope
Agenda
• What is a Smart City?
• Key Applications for the
Smart City
• Designing the Wired and
Wireless Infrastructure
• Technology to Connect
Smart Cities
• Summary
Intelligent Community Forum
Key Indicators
™ Broadband
™ Knowledge Workforce
™ Innovation
™ Digital Inclusion
™ Sustainability
Smart City Examples:
Intelligent Transport Systems
Intelligent Transport Systems
™ Objectives:
ƒ Enhance road safety and security
ƒ Minimise traffic congestion
ƒ Provide early detection of incidents
™ ITS Systems Components
ƒ Centralised and Integrated Traffic Management Control
ƒ Dynamic Message Signs System
ƒ Video-based Incident Detection System
ƒ Vehicle Tracking Security System (License Plate Recognition)
ƒ Parking Guidance Systems
ITS Example
GPS

ITS Information
ITS Network
Mobile Communications
Fibre Optic Network
Network
Broadcast

Base Stations
(antenna) ITS Information

ITS Information Car2Infrastructure

Car2Car

In-Vehicle Processing Vehicle Tracking (Distribution) Vehicle Tracking Pedestrians

Wireless and Wired Infrastructure Required to support ITS

Infrastructure for Utilities
™Optical Fibres deployed in all stages:
ƒ Generation
ƒ Transmission
ƒ Management
™Advantages over other media
ƒ Immunity to EMI
ƒ Long transmission distance
ƒ Security
“Green” Energy Technology
™ Fibre optics often used to connect
sensors, remote monitors and control
equipment to Management Centre
Education
Universities have multiple high
bandwidth requirements:
• High-bandwidth, low latency connections
to computing resources
• High-speed connections to R&D
departments in Industry and Government
• Connectivity between Universities
• Internet connectivity for faculty and
students
• Distance Learning courses
Education/ Research Network Example: GÉANT2
Dark Fibre
10Gbps
2.5 Gbps
310 Mbps
™ Pan-European research network
155 Mbps
34/45 Mbps infrastructure
P Planned Upgrade

™ Provide a gigabit-speeds
infrastructure to support European
research and education
™ Connects 34 European countries and
serves over 3500 establishments
™ Service Activities and Joint Research
Activities
Project Examples

™High Energy Particle Physics (HEP)

ƒ Needs multiple 10G links for real-time data processing
™Supercomputing Centres
ƒ e.g DEISA project (http://www.deisa.org)
Industrial/ Manufacturing, Railways and Airports

• Also requiring high bandwidth connectivity to the WAN

RFID Technology:
Next Generation Barcodes
• Significant improvements in:
• Logistics/Supply Chain Management
• Security
• Transportation
• Each Tag up to 2Kb Data
• New Technology – Silicon Ink

Number of consumer packaged goods

tagged (billions)
50

40

30

20

10

0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
RFID Example:
Orange Juice

Order More Consumer

Juice!! “Smart Refrigerator”

Read tag and

Production update DB
Read tag and
Read tag and
update DB
update DB

Orange Juice: 100 Tb information per year

RFID implementation will generate massive amounts of bandwidth

which will Transportation
need to be stored in and accessed from many
Storage locations
Retail
 Planning the Network Infrastructure
™Services Analysis
ƒ Lease Dark Fibre
ƒ Managed Wavelengths
ƒ VPN
ƒ FTTx
™Physical Network Design
ƒ Duct Network
ƒ Direct Buried
ƒ Aerial
™Network Architecture ™Network Access
ƒ Point-to-Point ƒ In-Building
ƒ Mesh ƒ OSP Cabinet
ƒ Ring/ Dual Homed Rings
Duct Planning

Main duct with sub-ducts

LE
A SE ™Incremental growth
™Leasing Duct Space

Network Flexibility and Access

™ Street Cabinets with Fibre Shelves
ƒ Higher flexibility and cost
™ Splice cases in chambers
ƒ Lower flexibility and cost
 ROADMs operate in optical
Optical Layer Network Design domain
• No O-E-O conversion
CO • Fast (sub 50 msec) switch
time
POP • Automatic power
adjustment
Interoffice Ring
Optical Network technologies
can provide fault tolerance when
deployed in ring or diverse route
configuration
Access • ROADM
Ring • DWDM
• SDH
Optical Network Infrastructure
¾ DWDM
¾ ROADM
¾ Long-Haul Systems

¾ Metro DWDM
¾ CWDM
¾ SDH
¾ P-ONP/ P-OTP

¾ SDH
¾ Packet OTS
¾ P2P
¾ PON

Optical network technologies optimised to meet network requirements

™ Span length ™ Reliability
™ Bandwidth requirements ™ Add/drop
Delivering Cost-Effective Optical Interfaces
Key Industry Participants
Optical Fibres

Optical Standards
Components Bodies
Optical Fibre
Design

Long Haul
™ Low Attenuation and PMD
™ Optimised for EDFA and Raman Amplification

™ Low Attenuation across all bands

Metro/City ™ Optimised for CWDM

ONT
ONT

™ Low Attenuation across all bands

ONT

ONT

ONT

™ Improved bending performance (in-building)

ONT

FTTx
Connecting Smart Cities
Optical Network Technology for Long-Haul Networks
Amplifier Technologies for long spans
™Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifiers
ƒ Pre and Post booster amplifiers
™Raman Amplifiers
ƒ co- and counter-propagating
™Remote Optically Pumped Amplifier (ROPA)
ƒ Remote Erbium Amplifiers
1480 ROPA
Pump

Tx 14xx/15xx Tx
Tx D Tx
Tx M E Tx
U Post-Amp Pre-Amp M
Tx U Tx
X DCF
Tx X Tx
Tx 14xx/15xx 14xx/15xx Tx

EDF

14xx co-prop 14xx counter-prop

Raman Pumps Raman Pumps
Long-span capabilities critical for reducing amplifier huts
™ Amplifiers or regenerators need controlled environment
ƒ DC Power
ƒ Air conditioning
™ Huts are expensive to acquire and maintain
ƒ Ongoing security and maintenance concerns
™ Raman amplifier technology can facilitate reducing or
eliminating intermediate huts
Raman Amplifier

Additional
AdditionalAmplifier
AmplifierHuts
Hutsrequired
requiredfor
for
Amplifier
Conventional
Intermediate Huts
Hutscan
Conventional
Intermediate SM
canSMbeFiber
be Eliminated
Fiber
Eliminated
hut

Conventional SM (G.656)
LightScope NZD Fibre
1
1

21 3
3

42 5
5

63 7
7

84
100 kmkm
200 hut spacing
hut spacing
900 km
 Typical Metro Network Options
Gigabit
Storage Ethernet over
Virtual
Area CWDM
LAN over
Network SDH

TeraSPEED Fibre supports ALL Applications!!

Metro Network Applications
• Business applications different from residential traffic
– Much higher speeds (up to 10 Gb/s)
– Many transmission protocols
• Typical applications:
Application Transmission Protocol Data Rate

LAN Extension Ethernet 100 Mb/s – 10 Gb/s

L5510
NE
NE ARLI
M
T
M
T

L5510
NEA RLI NE
M
T

L5 51 0
NE A R LI N E

Storage Area Networks Fibre Channel, ISCsi (IP) 200 Mb/s – 8 Gb/s

Digital Video SMPTE protocols 200 Mb/s – 1.5 Gb/s

Voice and Mobile SDH 155 Mb/s – 10 Gb/s

Internet Access E1, Ethernet 2 Mb/s – 100 Mb/s

Fibre infrastructure must support all of these requirements

 CommScope Outdoor Cabinets
Flexibility in Service Provisioning
• Outside Plant Cabinets
– Providing flexibility in OSP design
– Passive and Active equipment
configurations
– Wired and Wireless equipment
• FDH (Fibre Distribution Hub) for FTTx
– Facilitates service connection and
reconfiguration
– Can be configured for PON or Active
Ethernet
FTTx Planning
Cable Installation
• Duct, Direct-Buried
or Aerial

Optical Technology
• xPON
• Active Ethernet

Fibre Type
• Standard SM
• Bend-Insensitive SM
Fibre to the Home: Increasing Real Estate Value
Real estate
value

Time

Source: Industria 2005

FTTP Reduces Operating Expenses (OPEX)

Copper to the Premise (DSL)

CO

Fibre to the Premise (FTTP)

CO

Study: Annual OPEX/Line Costs $300

Current Network versus with FTTP $250
Annual OPEX savings
of $150 per line
$200
$150
Network Operations
$100 Outside Plant Operations
Source: Bernstien/Telcordia CO Operations
Technologies Study $50
Billing
0
Current With FTTP
 Types of PON

GPON OLT Passive

™GigaPON (GPON) WDM Splitters
• Evolution of BPON standard 20+ km
• Up to 2.4Gbps with symmetric and Limited to 64[128]
RF Video Splits per feeder fiber
asymmetric rate combinations.
GPON
Video AMP

™Ethernet PON (EPON) Passive

• IEEE standard 802.3ah/ 802.3av (10G PON) Splitters
• Symmetric 1.2 Gb/s system, Ethernet based,
standards in progress. <10 km Limited to 32
• 10 km/Class A ODN is the common Splits per feeder fiber
EPON OLT EPON
implementation.

AWG

™WDM PON (WDM-PON)

• Standards expected 2010 <20 km

WDM PON
WDM-PON OLT
P2P Architecture

Splice Joint
™ Single Home
CO-Based
Switch

Switch
™ Multi-Dwelling
Unit

Switch

Advantages
™ Higher bandwidth
™ Simpler optical power budget design
™ Easier to upgrade
™ Mixed Residential and Business deployment
 Zero Water Peak Advantage
1.2
O wavelength
E (nm)
S C L

0.9 SMF

Loss (dB/km)
0.6

0.3
ZWP fibre
0
Wavelength (nm) ZWP Advantage
1300 1400 1500 1600

Ethernet and SDH lower loss

CWDM 4-5 more channels

DWDM lower loss

lower loss +
PON Upstream Future Use Future
future upgrade

lower loss + better

Raman Amp Amps Transmission
Raman gain
 Summary
• One of the keys to success for a Smart City is bandwidth,
not just high bandwidth but SMART bandwidth

• Smart City applications will require a mix of wireless and

wireline capabilities to accommodate new technology
Thank You!!