BHARATH UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
QUESTION BANK
BMA202 – NUMERICAL METHODS(PART TIME)
UNIT – I
SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGEN VALUE PROBLEMS
PART A
1. If ϕ(x) is continuous in [a,b], then under what condition the iterative method x = ϕ(x) has
a unique solution in [a,b]?
2. What are the merits of Newton’s method of iteration?
3. Derive Newton Raphson formula to find the cube root of a positive number N.
4. Evaluate √12 applying Newton formula correct to 2 dp.
5. For solving a linear system, compare Gaussian elimination method and Gauss Jordan
method.
6. Explain briefly Gauss Jordan method to solve simultaneous equations.
7. What is the condition for convergence of Gauss Jacobi method of iteration?
8. State the principle used in Gauss Jordan method?
9. Write the first iteration values of x,y,z when the equations 27x+6y-z = 85 , 6x+15y+2z =
72 , x+y+54z = 110 are solved by Gauss Seidel method.
10. What type of Eigen value can be obtained using power method.
PART B
1. Find to five decimal places a root of the equation xlog10x = -0.125 assuming an initial
value of 0.1536.
3 3
2. Find the iterative formula to find √𝑁 and find the value of √24 upto 4 d.p.
3. Solve the following system of equations by Gauss Elimination method 5x1-x2 = 9 , -
x1+5x2-x3 = 4 -x2+5x3 = -6.
4. Solve the system 2x+y = 3, 7x-3y = 4 by Gauss Jordan method
5. Find the inverse of the coefficient matrix by Gauss Jordan method 5x-2y = 10 , 3x+4y =
120
PART C
1. Find an iterative formula to find the reciprocal of a given number N and hence find the
1
value of 19.
2. Solve x3 = 2x+5 for the positive roots by iteration method upto 4 decimal places.
3. Solve the equation by Gauss Elimination method
10x1-2x2+3x3 = 23
2x1+10x2-5x3 = -33
3x1-4x2+10x3 = 41
4. Solve x+y+z = 9, 2x-3y+4z = 13, 3x+4y+5z = 40 by Gauss Jordan method.
5. Solve 2x+17y+4z = 35, x+3y+10z = 24, 28x+4y-z = 32 by Gauss Seidel method.
 UNIT – II
INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION
PART A
1. Define Interpolation.
2. Construct a linear interpolating polynomial given the points (x0 , y0) and (x1 , y1).
3. When Lagrange’s interpolation formula is used.
4. Form the Newton’s divided difference table for the following data f(2)=5 , f(5)=29,
f(10)=109.
5. When Newton’s forward interpolation is used?
6. Find a polynomial of degree 2 which takes the values
x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
y 1 2 4 7 11 16 22 29
7. When to use central difference interpolationformula?
8. What are the advantages of central difference interpolation formula?
9. What should be the range of u in order to use Stirling’s and Bessel’s formula?
10. State Bessel’s formula.
PART B
1. Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula find f(10) given that f(5)=12 , f(6)=13, f(9)=14,
f(11)=16.
2. Find the cubic polynomial from the following table using Newton’s divided difference
formula and hence find f(4)
x 0 1 2 5
y 2 3 12 147
3. Using Newton’s divided difference find the missing value from the table
x 1 2 4 5 6
y 14 15 5 - 9
4. From the following data find y at x=43 and x=84
x 40 50 60 70 80 90
y 184 204 226 250 276 304
5. Using Bessel’s formula find f(25) given f(20)=2854, f(24)=3162, f(28)=3544,
f(32)=3992.
PART C
1. Using Lagrange’s formula fit a polynomial to the data
x -1 1 2
y 7 5 12
2. From the following table, find the value of tan45015’
x0 45 46 47 48 49 50
0
tanx 1.0000 1.03553 1.07237 1.11061 1.15037 1.19175
3. From the following table of half yearly premium for policies maturing at different ages.
Estimate the premium for policies maturing at the age of 63.
Age x 45 50 55 60 65
Premium 114.84 96.16 83.32 74.48 68.48
y
4. Use Stirling’s formula and find tan160from the following table
x0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
tanx 0 0.0875 0.1763 0.2679 0.3640 0.4663 0.5774
5. Given that sin(0.1)=0.0998, sin(0.2)=0.1986, sin(0.3)=0.2955, sin(0.4)=0.3894,
sin(0.5)=0.4794.Find sin(0.35) using Bessel’s formula.
UNIT – III
NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION
PART A
1. When can numerical differentiation be used.
𝜋
2. Using Trapezoidal rule evaluate ∫0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 by dividing the range into 6 equal parts.
b d
3. State Trapezoidal rule for evaluating   f ( x, y)dxdy
a c
6
4. Using Trapezoidal rule, find  f ( x)dx from the following set of values of x and f(x)
0

x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f(x) 1.56 3.64 4.62 5.12 7.08 9.22 10.44
𝑑𝑦
5. Find 𝑑𝑥 at x=1 from the following table
x 1 2 3 4
y 1 8 27 64
dy
6. Write the formula for at x=x0 using forward difference operator.
dx
7. In order to evaluate by Simpson’s 1/3 rule as well as by Simpson’s 3/8 rule, what is the
restriction on the number of intervals?
8. What are the errors in Simpson’s rules of numerical integration?
𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑3 𝑦
9. State the expression for 𝑑𝑥 , 𝑑𝑥 2 ,𝑑𝑥 3 at x=x0 by Stirling’s formula.
𝑑𝑦
10. State the expression for 𝑑𝑥 at x=x0 by Bessel’s formula.

PART B

1. Compute 𝑓 ′′ (4) from the following data

x 0 1 2 3 4
y 1 2.718 7.381 20.086 54.598
2. Find the value of 𝑓 ′ (0.5) by using Stirling’s formula
x 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65
y 1.521 1.506 1.488 1.467 1.444 1.418 1.389
 1
dx
3. Using Trapezoidal rule, evaluate 1 x
1
2
taking 8 intervals.
1
4. Using Simpson’s one third rule, Evaluate  xe x dx taking 4 intervals. Compare your
0

results with actual value.

5. The elevation above a datum line of seven points of a road are given below
x 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800
y 135 149 157 183 201 205 193
Find the gradient (dy/dx) of the road at the middle value using stirling’s formula.
PART C
st nd rd
1. Find the 1 , 2 and 3 derivative of f(x) at x=1.5 if
x 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
f(x) 3.375 7.000 13.625 24.000 38.875 59.000
2. Find the value of 𝑓 ′ (0.04) using Bessel’s formula from the following data
x 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
y 0.1023 0.1047 0.1071 0.1096 0.1122 0.1148
6
dx
3. By dividing the range into 6 equal parts, Evaluate  by (i)Trapezoidal rule (ii)
0
1  x
Simpson’s rule(Both). And compare your results with actual value.
2 2
dxdy 1
4. Evaluate   2 numerically with f ( x , y )  , h=0.2 along x-direction and
1 1 x  y
2
x  y2
2

k=0.25 along y-direction using Trapezoidal rule.

2 4
dxdy
5. Evaluate   , taking h=k=0.5 by (i) Trapezoidal rule (ii) Simpson’s rule.
1 3 ( x  y ) 2

UNIT – IV
INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS
PART A
1. State the disadvantage of Taylor series method.
2. By Taylor’s series method, find y(1.1) given 𝑦 ′ = 𝑥 + 𝑦 ,y(1)=0.
𝑑𝑦
3. Solve 𝑑𝑥 = 1 − 𝑦 ,y(0)=0 to find y at x=0.1 by Euler’s method.
𝑑𝑦
4. Using modified Euler’s method ,find y(0.1) if 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2,y(0)=1.
5. What are the advantages of R-K method over Taylor’s method?
6. Using R-K method of second order find y(0.1),when 𝑦 ′ = -y ,y(0)=1.
7. Write the R-K algorithm second order for solving 𝑦 ′ = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦),y(x0)=y0.
8. What is a predictor-corrector method of solving a differential equation?
9. State Adam’s Bashforth predictor-corrector formula to solve 𝑦 ′ = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) numerically
stating the assumptions.
10. Write Milne’s predictor-corrector formula.
 PART B
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
1. Given 𝑑𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 2 and y(0)=1. Find the values of y(0.1), y(0.2) using Taylor’s series
method.
2x
2. Using Modified Euler’s method find y(0.1) with h=0.1 y  y 
'
with initial condition
y
y(0)=1
3. Using Euler’s method find y(0.3) from dy  1 ( x 2  1) y 2 with y(0.2)=1.1114
dx 2
4. Write the formula for Runge Kutta method for simultaneous first order differential
equation.
5. Using Milne’s method find y(4.4) given 5xy'  y 2  2  0 given y(4)=1, y(4.1)=1.0049,
y(4.2)=1.0097, y(4.3)=1.0143
PART C
dy
1. Solve  x 2  y 2 with y(0)=1, use Taylor’s series to find y at x=0.1, 0.2, 0.4
dx
dy dz
2. Solve the system of equations  z  x2;  y  x with y(0)=1 , z(0)=1 by taking
dx dx
h=0.1 to get y(0.1) , z(0.1)
3. Using RK method of 4th order find y(0.1) for the initial value problem dy  x  y 2 with
dx
y(0)=1
dy
4. The differential equation  y  x 2 is satisfied by y(0)=1, y(0.2)=1.12186,
dx
y(0.4)=1.46820, y(0.6)=1.7379. Compute the value of y(0.8) by Milne’s predictor
corrector formula.
dy 1  xy
5. Using Adam’s predictor corrector method, find f(1.4) if y satisfies  and
dx x2
y(1)=1, y(1.1)=0.996, y(1.2)=0.986, y(1.3)=0.972
UNIT V
BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY AND PARTIAL
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
PART A
1. Classify the PDE 𝑢𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑢𝑥𝑦 + 𝑢𝑦𝑦 = 0.
2. What type of equation can be solved by using Crank-Nicolson’s formula?
𝜕𝑢 1
3. What is the value of k to solve = 2 𝑢𝑥𝑥 by Bender-Schmidt method with h=1 if
𝜕𝑡
h and k are the increments of x and t respectively?
4. For what purpose Bender-Schmidt recurrence relation is used?
5. Write down the general and simplest forms of the difference equation
corresponding to the hyperbolic equation 𝑢𝑡𝑡 = 𝑎2 𝑢𝑥𝑥 .
6. State the explicit scheme formula for the solution of wave equation.
7. What is the purpose of Liebmann’s purpose?
8. State Liebmann’s iteration process formula.
9. State the general form of poisons equation in partial derivatives.
10. State the condition for the equation 𝐴𝑢𝑥𝑥 + 2𝐵𝑢𝑥𝑦 + 𝐶𝑢𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑢𝑥 , 𝑢𝑦 , 𝑥, 𝑦) to
be elliptic, hyperbolic, parabolic where A,B,C are functions of x and y.
PART B
1. Illustrate the solution of Laplace equation by Liebmann’s Iteration Process.
2. Solve 𝑢𝑥𝑥 + 𝑢𝑦𝑦 = 0 for the following square mesh with boundary conditions are
shown below

A 1 2 B

1 U1 U2 2

2 U3 U4 1

D 2 1 C

3. Solve 𝑢𝑥𝑥 = 32𝑢𝑡 taking h = 0.25 for t>0, 0<x<1 and u(x,0) = 0, u(0,t) = 0,
u(1,t) = t, taking h = 0.25
u  2 u
4. Using Crank Nicholson method, solve  , subject to u(x,0) = 0, u(0,t) = 0,
t x 2
u(1,t)=t. Compute u for one step taking h=0.5 and k=1/8
5. Evaluate the pivotal values of the following equation taking h=1 and upto one half
of the period of the oscillation 16u xx  u tt given u(0,t) = u(5,t) = 0, u(x,0) = x2(5-
x) and ut(x,0)=0.
PART C
11. Solve 𝑢𝑥𝑥 + 𝑢𝑦𝑦 = 0 over the square mesh of side 4 units satisfying the following
boundary conditions(upto 2 iterations)
(i) 𝑢(0, 𝑦) = 0 , 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 4
(ii) 𝑢(4, 𝑦) = 12 + 𝑦, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 4
(iii) 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 3𝑥, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4
(iv) 𝑢(𝑥, 4) = 𝑥 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4.
𝜕𝑢 𝜕2 𝑢
12. Solve by Crank-Nicholson method = , 0<x<1 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 0, 𝑢(0, 𝑡) = 0,
𝜕𝑡 𝜕𝑥 2
1
𝑢(1, 𝑡) = 𝑡. Compute u for one step with ℎ = 4.
13. Solve by Bender’s Schmidt 𝑢𝑡 = 𝑢𝑥𝑥 subject to
𝑢(𝑜, 𝑡) = 0 , 𝑢(1, 𝑡) = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜋𝑥, 0<x<1. Assume h=0.2, k=0.02 ,
Find the value of u upto t=0.1
1
14. Solve 𝑢𝑡𝑡 = 𝑢𝑥𝑥 ,given 𝑢(0, 𝑡) = 𝑢(4, 𝑡) = 0, 𝑢(𝑥, 0) = 2 𝑥(4 − 𝑥) and
𝑢𝑡 (𝑥, 0) = 0.Take h=1.Find the solution upto 5 step in t-direction.
15. Solve  2 u  10( x 2  y 2  10) over a square mesh with sides x=0,y=0,x=3,y=3
with u=0 on the boundary and mesh length 1 unit