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اآلداب اإلسالمية
اآلداب اإلسالمية
Editor-in-chief
Asmaa Abdul Hameed
Praise be to Allah, the Most High and peace be upon His Prophet
Mohammad to whom he gave the message for mankind.
This book is comprised of a study of the various Islamic etiquettes (Adaab) for
all aspects of life such as the rights of The Almighty Allah, His Prophet, His Book
as well as the etiquettes of other personal and social acts .
Acquiring Adaab holds a great importance in building a balanced Islamic
personality, beautifying the conduct so as to bring the Muslim closer to Allah
and to the hearts and minds of others .
IPC Education Section is pleased to present this textbook “Islamic Etiquettes”
which consists of a study of the Islamic Etiquettes and manners (adaab) as
derived from the Qur’an and the Sunnah.
Nineteen Adaab have been presented in this textbook with review questions.
The material of this textbook is tailored to be taught in a course of about 24 class
room hours.
Allahumma guide us to You favorably, and make us from those who listen to
wisdom and follow the best of it.
Education Section
Islam Presentation Committee
َ الصالةَ َويُ ْؤتُوا ال َّز َكاةَ َو َذل َ َّ َو َما أُمِ روا ِإ َّال ِليعب ُدوا
ِك َّ ني لَ ُه ال ِّدي َن ُحنَ َفاء َويُقِ ي ُمواَ الل ُمخْ ل ِِص َُْ ُ
ِدِ ي ُن الْ َق ِّي َمة
And they were not commanded except to worship Allah, [being] sincere
to Him in religion, inclining to truth, and to establish prayer and to give
zakah. And that is the correct religion. [98:5]
The Muslim scholar Ibnul Qayyim said: “If a person is sincere towards Allah in
all his affairs, Allah will give him more than He gives the others and this sincerity
results from true love of Allah and true trust in Him.” So the most sincere people
are those who love Allah more than anything and put most trust in Him.
3- Watching Allah (Muraqabah)
10
11
ِ َّ َو َعلَى
َ الل َفتَ َو َّكلُوا ْ إِن ُكنتُم ُّمؤْمِ ِن
ني
And upon Allah rely, if you should be believers. [5:23]
Allah is pleased with those who trust Him. The fruit of Tawakkul is to accept
and be content with Allah’s Decree.
7- Giving thanks to Allah
Allah has bestowed upon us countless blessings, thus a Muslim must thank
Allah for these bounties with his tongue by praising Him as well as with his
limbs by using them in obedience to Him.
Allah says:
12
َ ني ِإ ْذ بَ َعثَ فِ يهِ ْم َر ُسوالً ِّم ْن أَنف ُِسهِ ْم يَتْلُو َعلَيْهِ ْم آيَاتِهِ َويُ َز ِّكيهِ ْم َويُ َعلِّ ُم ُه ُم الْكِ ت
َاب َّ لَ َق ْد َم َّن
َ اللُ َعلَى ْالُؤْمِ ِن
ِني
ٍ الل ُّمبٍ ض َ ال ْك َم َة َوإِن َكانُوا ْ مِ ن َقبْ ُل لَفِ ي ِ ْ َو
Certainly did Allah confer [great] favor upon the believers when He sent among
them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His verses and purifying
them and teaching them the Book and wisdom, although they had been before
in manifest error [3:164]
13
وف ْ ا َّلذِ ي َن يَ َّت ِب ُعو َن ال َّر ُسو َل ال َّنب َِّي األُ ِّم َّي ا َّلذِ ي يَ ِج ُدونَ ُه َم ْكتُو ًبا ِعن َد ُه ْم فِ ي ال َّت ْو َرا ِة َوا ِإلجنِ يلِ يَ ْأ ُم ُر ُهم ب
ِ ِال َ ْع ُر
ِص َر ُه ْم َواألَ ْغال َل ا َّلتِي َكانَ ْت ْ ض ُع َعنْ ُه ْم إ َ َال َبائِثَ َوي َ ْ ات َويُ َح ِّر ُم َعلَيْهِ ُم َّ َويَنْ َها ُه ْم َعنِ ْالُن َك ِر َويُ ِح ُّل لَ ُه ُم
ِ الط ِّي َب
َ ص ُروهُ َوا َّت َب ُعوا ْ النُّو َر ا َّلذِ َي أ ُ ِنز َل َم َع ُه أ ُ ْولَئ
ِك ُه ُم ْال ُ ْفل ُِحو َن َ ََعلَيْهِ ْم َفا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ْ ِبهِ َو َع َّز ُروهُ َون
Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered prophet, whom they find
written in what they have of the Torah and the Gospel, who enjoins upon them
what is right and forbids them what is wrong and makes lawful for them the
good things and prohibits for them the evil and relieves them of their burden
and the shackles which were upon them. So they who have believed in him,
honored him, supported him and followed the light which was sent down with
him – it is those who will be the successful. [7:157]
Prophet Mohammad said:
«من أطاعني فقد أطاع اهلل ومن يعصيني فقد: قال أن رسول اهلل عن أبي هريرة
» مسلم.عصى اهلل
Abu Hurairah narrated that the Prophet said “Whoever obeys me has
obeyed Allah and whoever disobeys me has disobeyed Allah.” Muslim
3- Loving him
Among the rights of the Prophet upon his nation is complete and perfect love
for him.
14
«ال يؤمن أحدكم حتى أكون أحب إليه من ولده ووالده: قال عن انس بن مالك أن رسول اهلل
» البخاري.والناس أجمعني
“None of you (truly) believes until I am more beloved to him than his child, his
parents and all people.” Bukhari
The greatest degree of love for the Messenger of Allah is to love him more
than one’s self. Umar ibn Al Khattab (the second Khalifa) once said to the
Prophet, “O Messenger of Allah, you are more beloved to me than everything
except myself. The Prophet replied, “No, by the One in whose hand is my
soul, not until I am more beloved to you than yourself.” Then Umar said,
“Now, by Allah, you are more beloved to me than myself.” So the Prophet
said, “Now you have believed Umar.”
4- Honoring him
This is among the Prophet’s rights. Muslims should respect and hold him in
high esteem. The Prophet’s companions used to honor him so much that when
he spoke they would listen to him attentively and avoid raising their voices
above the voice of the Prophet or be loud to him in speech. In doing this, they
follow Allah’s order:
ت َه ُروا لَ ُه بِالْ َق ْولِ َك َج ْه ِر بَ ْع ِض ُك ْم ْ َيا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ال تَ ْر َف ُعوا أ
َ ص َواتَ ُك ْم َف ْو َق
ْ َ ص ْو ِت ال َّنب ِِّي َوال
تبَ َط أَ ْع َمالُ ُك ْم َوأَنتُ ْم ال ت َْش ُع ُرو َن
ْ َ ِلبَ ْع ٍض أَن
O you who have believed, do not raise your voices above the voice of the
Prophet or be loud to him in speech like the loudness of some of you to others,
lest your deeds become worthless while you perceive not. [49:2]
15
» الترمذي. علي
ّ «البخيل من ذكرت عنده فلم يصل: قال أن رسول اهلل عن علي بن أبي طالب
Ali bin Abi Talib narrated that Prophet Mohammad said: “The miser is the
one in whose presence I am mentioned yet does not pray for Allah’s blessings
upon me.” Tirmithi
6- Honoring his family, wives and companions (sahabah) and avoiding criticizing
or cursing them. Instead one should ask Allah’s forgiveness for them, respect
them and follow their steps because they are the closest to the Prophet of Allah.
7- Spreading his message
Loyalty to the Prophet includes spreading his message which is invitation to
Islam throughout the world. All Muslims should fulfill the duty of Dawah and
delivering of the message by using different methods , both online and offline .
16
17
18
19
20
والذي يقرأ القرآن ويتعتع فيه وهو عليه، «الذي يقرأ القرآن وهو ماهر به مع السفرة الكرام البررة
شاق له أجران» البخاري ومسلم
“Verily the one who recites the Qur’an beautifully and smoothly, he will be in the
company of the noble and obedient angels. And as for the one who recites with
difficulty, stammering or stumbling through its verses, then he will have twice
that reward.” Bukhari & Muslim
13- Teaching the Noble Qur’an in the community.
Uthman bin Affan narrated that the Prophet Mohammad said:
21
22
Allah says:
“Indeed, in Allah’s Messenger, you have a good example to follow for him who
hopes in Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah much.”
Mention four rights a Muslim should observe towards the Messenger of
Allah
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23
: «من أحق الناس بحسن صحابتي ؟ قال: فقال جاء رجل إلي النبي: قال عن أبي هريرة
أبوك» البخاري: ثم من ؟ قال: قال، امك: ثم من؟ قال: قال، أمك: ثم من ؟ قال: قال،أمك
Abu Huraira narrated that a man came to the Prophet and said: “O
Messenger of Allah, who among the people is the most deserving of
my good companionship?” He said: “Your mother!” “Then whom?”
He said: “Your mother!” “Then whom?” He said: “Your mother!”
24
ضى َربُّ َك أَ َّال تَ ْعبُ ُدوا ْ ِإ َّال ِإ َّياهُ َوبِالْ َوا ِل َديْنِ إ ِْح َسا ًنا ِإ َّما يَبْل ُ َغ َّن ِعن َد َك الْكِ بَ َر أَ َح ُد ُه َما أَ ْو كِ ال ُه َما
َ َو َق
ً ال تَقُل َّل ُه َما أ ُ ٍّف َوالَ تَنْ َه ْر ُه َما َو ُقل َّل ُه َما َق ْوالً َك ِر
ميا َ َف
And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to
parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age
[while] with you, say not to them [so much as], “uff,” and do not repel
them but speak to them a noble word. [17:23]
25
أبوي شيء
ّ هل بقي من بر، «يا رسول اهلل: فقال جاء رجل من بني سلمة إلى النبي
الصالة عليهما (الدعاء) واالستغفار لهما وإيفاء، نعم:أبرهما به من بعد موتهما؟ قال
» ابن ماجه.بعهودهما من بعد موتهما وإكرام صديقهما وصلة الرحم التي ال توصل إال بهما
A man from Bani Salama came to the Prophet and asked: “O
Messenger of Allah, now my parents are dead, is there any dutifulness
left for me to do towards them?” The Prophet answered: “Yes,
supplicating for them, seeking forgiveness for them, fulfillment of their
26
27
َ اجا ِّلت َْس ُكنُوا ِإلَيْ َها َو َج َع َل بَيْنَ ُكم َّم َو َّد ًة َو َر ْح َم ًة إ َِّن فِ ي َذل
ِك ً َومِ ْن آيَاتِهِ أَ ْن َخل َ َق لَ ُكم ِّم ْن أَنف ُِس ُك ْم أَ ْز َو
ٍ ََلي
ات ِّل َق ْو ٍم يَتَ َف َّك ُرو َن
And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you
may find tranquility in them ;and He placed between you affection and
mercy .Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.[30:21]
28
ض َما آتَيْتُ ُمو ُه َّن ُ يا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ْ الَ يَ ِح ُّل لَ ُك ْم أَن ت َِرثُوا ْ ال ِّن َساء َك ْر ًها َوالَ تَ ْع
ِ ضلُو ُه َّن ِلتَ ْذ َهبُوا ْ ِب َب ْع
وف َف ِإن َك ِر ْهتُ ُمو ُه َّن َف َع َسى أَن تَ ْك َر ُهوا ْ َشيْ ًئا َويَ ْج َع َل ِ ِال َ ْع ُر ِ اح َش ٍة ُّمبَ ِّين ٍَة َو َع
ْ اش ُرو ُه َّن ب َ ِإ َّال أَن يَ ْأ ِت
ِ ني ِب َف
اللُ فِ يهِ َخيْ ًرا َكثِي ًراَّ
O you who have believed, it is not lawful for you to inherit women by
compulsion. And do not make difficulties for them in order to take [back]
part of what you gave them unless they commit a clear immorality. And
live with them in kindness. For if you dislike them - perhaps you dislike a
thing and Allah makes therein much good. [4:19]
Teaching her the obligatory religion which is her beliefs, how to purify herself
how to pray, how to fast and her rights over her parents, husband as well as all
other important Islamic matters.
A husband must remember that for each member of the couple, there will be
an aspect of the one’s personality that conflicts with the other’s personality.
And he should remember that if there are some characteristics that he does not
find pleasing in his wife, then indeed she has other characteristics, which will
definitely be pleasing to him. And above all, he should be patient with her.
29
«ال يفرك مؤمن مؤمنة أي ال يبغضها إن كره منها خلقاً رضي آخر» مسلم
“A believing man does not dislike a believing woman. If he dislikes one
character in her, he is pleased with another.” Muslim
لعنتها املالئكة حتى،«إذا دعا الرجل امرأته إلى فراشه فلم تأته فبات غضبان عليها
تصبح» بخاري ومسلم
30
31
ْ ا ْق َرأْ ب
ِاس ِم َر ِّب َك ا َّلذِ ي َخل َ َق
Recite in the name of your Lord who created [96:1]
Prophet Mohammad said:
32
33
3- The reward of the people who are in the field of knowledge reaches them
even after their death like those who teach others, donate in building schools
or publish books… etc.
«إذا مات اإلنسان انقطع عمله إال من: قال رسول اهلل: قال عن أبي هريرة
إال من صدقة جارية أو علم ينتفع به أو ولد صالح يدعو له» مسلم:ثالثة
Abu Hurairah narrated that Prophet Mohammad said:
“When the human being dies, his deeds (the return on his
righteous deeds) come to an end except for three sources, a
running charity, beneficial knowledge or a righteous child who
prays for him.” Muslim
34
اجلهل: قال «فإمنا شفاء العِ ّي السؤال» الترمذي العِ ّي أن رسول اهلل روي جابر بن عبداهلل
Jabir bin Abdullah t narrated that Prophet Mohammad said: “The cure for
confusion is but to ask.” Tirmithi
So asking about information helps to confirm what you understand.
7- Read extra . A student of knowledge must do extra readings to gain more
knowledge and to deepen his understanding on any topic. This reading must
be appropriate to his level of knowledge.
35
36
37
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38
أعد اهلل له نزال من اجلنة كلما غدا أو راح» متفق عليه، «من غدا إلى املسجد أو راح
“He who goes to the masjid (to perform prayers) at dawn or dusk, Allah
prepares a hospitable abode for him in Jannah every time when he walks
to it or comes back from it.” Agreed Upon
39
رب اغفر لي ذنوبي وافتح لي أبواب رحمتك» مسلم، اللهم صل على محمد،«بسم اهلل
“Bismillah and peace be upon Mohammad, Oh Allah forgive my faults and
open for me the gates of your mercy.” Muslim
5- Before going to the Masjid , one should not eat anything that gives a bad
smell like onion, garlic or smoke. Inside Masjid, he should avoid spitting,
talking of trade or buying and selling things, announcement of the missing or
lost things as well as using the mobile.
6- On entering Masjid, one should offer two rakahs, (Tahayyatul Masjid ) prayer
of greeting the mosque. He should avoid talking loudly, disturbing people who
are engaged in prayer or doing something undesirable. No one should indulge
in gossips in the Masjid.
40
«إمنا جعلت املساجد لذكر اهلل وللصالة ولقراءة القرآ ن» متفق عليه
“The mosques are built to the remembrance of Allah, prayer and reciting the
Qur’an.” Agreed Upon
10- Arranging the rows : Prophet Mohammad used to arrange the rows for
prayer, men were standing in first rows, followed by children, then women in
the last part of the mosque, as he was the Imam .
11- Tending Allah’s sanctuaries: A Muslim should take masjids as sanctuaries
and look forward to praying in them and his heart should be attached to masjids
at all times, he shouldn’t dissent them absolutely because masjids are houses of
Allah on earth. Allah loves those who honor His houses.
Allah says:
َ َّ ش ِإ َّال ِ َّ الل َم ْن آ َم َن ب
ِ َّ اج َد
الل َ ْالصالةَ َوآتَى ال َّز َكاةَ َولَ ْم يَخ َّ اآلخ ِر َوأَ َقا َم ِ ِالل َوالْ َي ْو ِم َ َّ إ
ِ ِنا يَ ْع ُم ُر َم َس
ِك أَن يَ ُكونُوا ْ مِ َن ْال ُ ْهتَدِ ي َن
َ َف َع َسى أ ُ ْولَئ
The mosques of Allah are only to be maintained by those who believe in Allah
41
، وقفت املالئكة على باب املسجد، «إذا كان يوم اجلمعة: قال رسول اهلل: قال عن أبي هريرة
،ًثم كبشا، ثم كالذي يهدي بقرة،املبكر) كمثل الذي يهدي بدنة: ومثل امل ُ َه ِّجر ( أي،يكتبون األول فاألول
ويستمعون الذكر» متفق عليه، فإذا خرج اإلمام طووا صحفهم، ثم بيضة،ثم دجاجة
“When it is Friday, the angels stand at the gate of the Masjid and keep on
writing the names of the persons who came to the Masjid in succession
according to their arrivals. The example of the one who enters the Masjid in
the earliest hour is that of one offering a camel (in sacrifice). The one coming
42
43
رد السالم وعيادة املريض واتباع اجلنائز وإجابة الدعوة:«حق املسلم على املسلم خمس
وتشميت العاطس» بخاري ومسلم
“The rights of a Muslim upon another Muslim are five: replying to his greetings;
visiting the one who is ill; following the funeral procession; responding to his
invitation and responding to him when sneezes.” Bukhari and Muslim
44
45
46
47
48
ِ َّ ِ إ َّنا
ِ ل َو ِإ َّنا ِإلَيْهِ َر
اج ُعو َن
“To Allah we belong and to Him we return.”
49
فلينظر أحدكم من يخالل» أبو داود والترمذى، «الرجل على دين خليله
“A friend is likely to follow the faith of his friend, so look whom you befriend.”
Abu Dawood & Tirmithi
2- It is proper to ask for permission before entering any gathering if it is held in a
private place like a house. However, if it is held in a public place, then permission
is not needed.
Allah says:
50
«ال يحل لرجل أن يفرق بني اثنني إال بإذنهما» أبو داود
“It is not allowed for a person to separate between two people except by their
permission.” Abu Dawood
If one leaves his place, then comes back to it, he has the right to sit in it. One
should avoid sitting in the middle of the gathering.
Prophet Mohammad said:
51
» البخاري.«إذا كنتم ثالثة فال يتناجى رجالن دون اآلخر حتى تختلطوا بالناس من أجل أن ذلك يحزنه
“If you were three, then do not whisper between the two of you
ignoring the third till the number increases. This is because
whispering will sadden him.” Bukhari
9- If a person wants to sit in the pathways, he must lower his gaze, avoid
looking at women who pass by or might be at their doors. He should avoid
harming anyone either by his tongue like cursing or rebuking them or by his
hand by striking someone or stealing.”
10-One should order what is good and forbid what is evil because ordering
what is good is an obligation upon every Muslim. An example of ordering
what is good is that when the call to prayer is given, he must order those
who sees or sitting with him to the prayer. One must forbid every evil that
he witnesses.
52
». أشهد أن ال إله إال أنت أستغفرك وأتوب إليك،«سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك
“Glory be to You, O Allah, and to You is the Praise. I bear witness that none is
worthy of worship except You. I seek Your forgiveness and I repent to You.”
53
54
» أبو داود.«ما من مسل َمني يلتقيان فيتصافحان إال غفر لهما قبل أن يتفرقا
“There are not two Muslims who meet and shake each other’s hand except that
they are forgiven before they separate from each other.” Abu Dawood
13- There is nothing wrong with a man to greet a group of women or a woman
but without shaking hands with her.
Asmaa bint Yazeed رضي هللا عنهاnarrated :
55
56
1- Khutbah ( ) Forbidden
2- Dua’a ( ) Temptation
3- Haram ( ) Supplication
4- Niyyah ( ) Intention
5- Fitnah ( ) The address delivered in the mosque on Friday
Choose the correct answer :
1- On entering a masjid, what should a Muslim do before he sits down?
a- He should recite Qur’an
b- He should pray two rakahs
c- He should stand near a pillar and supplicate to Allah
2- The host should :
a- Greet his guests and receive them warmly
b- Ask them to help him with housework
c- Force his visitors to eat from the food he serves
3- If one passes a group of people who is sitting,
a- He should initiate “Salaam” verbally
b- They should initiate “Salaam”
c- It is enough for him to greet them by a sign of the hand or a nod of the
head
Write only three of the rights of a Muslim upon another Muslim:
1- ________________________________________________________
2- ________________________________________________________
3- ________________________________________________________
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فإن كان ال محالة، بحسب ابن آدم أكالت يقمن صلبه,«ما مأل آدمي وعا ًء شراً من بطنه
58
» البخاري. إن اشتهاه أكله وإن كرهه تركه،«ما عاب النبي طعاماً قط
“The Prophet never criticized any food, but, he used to eat it if he liked
it, and leave it if he disliked it.” Bukhari
59
» «جتتمعون على طعامكم أو تتفرقون؟ إنا نأكل وال نشبع ! قال،«قالوا (الصحابة) يا رسول اهلل
» صحيح ابن حبان. يبارك لكم فيه،قالوا نتفرق قال «اجتمعوا على طعامكم واذكروا اسم اهلل
“The companions of the Prophet said: ‘O Prophet of Allah, we eat but
are not satisfied, the Prophet said: You may be eating separately, they
said: “Yes”. The Messenger of Allah said: ‘eat together and recite
Bismillah, your food will be blessed.” Sahih Hibban
Prophet Mohammad also said:
«ال تشربوا واحداً كشرب البعير ولكن اشربوا مثنى وثالث وسموا إذا شربتم
واحمدوا إذا أنتم رفعتم» الترمذي
“Do not drink water in one gulp (or one breath) like a camel, but take
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«احلمد هلل الذي أطعمني هذا ورزقنيه من غير حول مني وال قوة» أبو داود
“Praise be to Allah who has fed me this food and provided it for me without any
strength or power on my part.”
13- It is permissible for a Muslim to eat foods from people of the Book
(Christian and Jews) as long as it is not unlawful like pork or wine.
Allah says:
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الذي يتخلى في طريق: وما اللّعانان يا رسول اهلل ؟ قال:«اتقوا اللّعانني قالوا
الناس أو في ظلهم» مسلم
“Fear the two things that bring curses. ‘They asked, what are the
two things that bring curses, O Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘When
a person relieves himself in the road where people walk or in the
place where they seek shade.’ Muslim
Also it is forbidden to urinate in water sources.
2- One must conceal himself from the sight of others when answering the call
of nature. If a person is in an open area and cannot find anything to conceal
himself, he should move away from public sight. If he is indoors he must
make sure that he has closed the door.
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أما أحدهما فكان ال يستتر من بوله وأما اآلخر:«إنهما ليعذبان وما يعذبان في كبير
فكان ميشي بالنميمة» متفق عليه
“Indeed they are being punished, but for something which seemed
trivial to them. One of them used not to keep himself clean from
the remains of urine and the other used to walk about spreading
malicious gossip.” Agreed Upon
5- One should enter the bathroom with his left foot. Before entering he should
say:
َ ْ لبُ ِث َو
البَائ ِِث» النسائي َ اَللَّ ُه َّم ِإ ِّني أَ ُعو ُذ ب.«بسم اهلل
ُ ْ َِك مِ ْن ا
“Bismillah O Allah I seek refuge with You from male and
female devils.” Nasa’i
He should leave the bathroom with his right foot saying:
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ٍ َِك َلي
ات ِّل َق ْو ٍم يَ ْس َم ُعو َن َ ضلِهِ إ َِّن فِ ي َذل
ْ َومِ ْن آيَاتِهِ َمنَا ُم ُكم بِاللَّيْلِ َوال َّن َه ِار َوابْ ِت َغا ُؤ ُكم ِّمن َف
And of His signs is your sleep by night and day and your seeking of His
bounty. Indeed in that are signs for a people who listen. [30: 23]
Islamic Adaab related to sleeping:
1- One should sleep early and should not stay up late unless there is some
necessity to do so like studying, receiving a guest… etc.
2- It is Sunnah that one makes ablution (wudhu) before he sleeps.
Al Bara’ bin Azib said that Prophet Mohammad said:
َ ِلص
ال ِة » بخاري ومسلم َّ ضو َء َك ل ِ « ِإ َذا أَتَيْ َت مضجعك َط
ُ اه ًرا فتَ َو َّض ْأ ُو
“When you come to your bed, make ablution, the same
ablution for prayer.” Bukhari & Muslim
3- It is Sunnah to shake off the bed three times before one sleeps.
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«إذا أوى أحدكم إلى فراشه فلينفض فراشه بداخلة إزاره فإنه ال يدري ما خلفه عليه» البخاري
“When one of you goes to his bed let him clear his bed by shaking it off with
his garment for he does not know what may have onto it.” Bukhari
4- One should sleep in a clean and safe place.
5- Making a prayer (dua’a) before going to sleep:
One should say any of the following dua’a:
»«اللهم إني أسلمت نفسي إليك وفوضت أمري إليك وأجلأت ظهري إليك أستغفرك و أتوب إليك
“O Allah, I have submitted myself to You and have entrusted my affairs
to You and have committed my back to You. I seek your forgiveness
and I repent to You.” Bukhari
One can recite Ayatul Kursi, Suratul Ikhlas, Suratul Falaq, Suratun
Naas three times to get protection of Allah
One can say any of the following words of remembrance like Tasbeeh,
Tahmeed and Takbeer thirty times for each, then he should say:
»«ال إله إال اهلل وحده ال شريك له له امللك وله احلمد وهو على كل شيء قدير
“There is no one worthy of worship except Allah, the One Who has no partner,
to Him is the Dominion and the Praise and He has Power over all things.”
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سبحان اهلل،«ال إله إال اهلل وحده ال شريك له له امللك وله احلمد وهو على كل شيء قدير
« وال إله إال اهلل واحلمداهلل أكبر وال حول وال قوة إال باهلل
“There is none worthy of worshipping except Allah, the One without
any partner. For Him is the Dominion and for Him is the Praise. He
has power over all things. Glory be to Allah. All Praise be to Allah.
There is none worthy of worship except Allah. Allah is the greatest.
There is no power or might except in Allah.
And if he gets up and makes ablution and prays, his prayer is accepted.
8- It is recommended (but not required) to do Tahajjud prayer which is special
prayer done after Isha prayer and before Fajr prayer and it is most desirable
to perform it between midnight and Fajr prayer preferably the last third of the
night.
9- If one has a dream that he likes, he should thank Allah for it and narrate it
to others, and if he sees a dream which he does not like, he should spit on
his left side three times. Seek refuge with Allah from Shaitan three times.
He should not mention it to anybody then it will not harm him.
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َ ص ِن َع لَ ُه َوأَ ُعو ُذ ب
ِك مِ ْن َش ِّر ِه َو َش ِّر ُ ال ْم ُد أَنْ َت َك َس ْوتَنِيهِ أَ ْس َألُ َك َخيْ َرهُ َو َخيْ َر َما
َ ْ «اللَّ ُه َّم لَ َك
ص ِن َع لَ ُه» أبو داود ُ َما
“O Allah, to You is the Praise. You are the One Who clothed me by it. I ask You
for its good and the good of what it was made for. And I seek refuge in You
from evil and the evil of what it was made for.” Abu Dawood
5- Standard of modesty for both men and women.
For men:
a- Men have to cover the area between the navel and the knee
b- Pure silk clothing or clothing adorned with gold or silk are prohibited for
men. Anything silver is allowed.
Prophet Mohammad said:
وأحل إلناثهم» الترمذي، «حرم لباس احلرير والذهب على ذكور أمتي
“Wearing silk and gold is forbidden for the males of my nation and
permissible for its females.” Tirmithi
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ِ «
ونساء، قوم معهم سياط كأذناب البقر يضربون بها الناس:صنفان من أهل النار لم أرهما
وال يجدن، رءوسهن كأسنمة البخت املائلة ال يدخلن اجلنة،كاسيات عاريات مميالت مائالت
وإن ريحها ليوجد من مسيرة كذا وكذا» مسلم،ريحها
Abu Hurairah reported that the Messenger of Allah said:
“There are two types of the people of Hell whom I have not seen. People
with whips like the tails of an ox with which they strike the people, and
women who are clothed yet naked, who are seduced (to wrong paths) and
seduce others, they dress up their hair high like humps of camels swing
while walking. These women will not get into Paradise, and they will not
smell the fragrance of Paradise, although its fragrance can be perceived
from such and such distance (from very far distance). Muslim
Humps of camel: wearing the hair up and filling it with a stuff so as to look high
like the hump of a camel, so as to attract attention.
d- Avoid wearing make-up or putting on perfume that attracts the attention
of men.
6- It is strictly prohibited to imitate the clothes of the opposite sex.
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َ ِ واملرأة تلبس لبسة الرجل كما لعن ْالُت ََش ِّبه، «لَ َع َن اهلل الرجل يلبس لبسة املرأة
ِني مِ َن ال ِّر َجال
ِ بِال ِّن َساءِ َولَ َع َن ْالُت ََش ِّب َه
» البخاري.ات مِ َن ال ِّن َساءِ بِال ِّر َجالِ
“Allah curses the man who wears woman’s clothing and the woman
who wears man’s clothing. He also curses the men who imitate women
and the women who imitate men. Bukhari
7- It is prohibited to wear clothes of other religions such as clothes worn by
monks or priests or wearing clothes with a cross.
8- Avoiding extravagance in clothing i.e. spending much money on clothes and
this absolutely depends on the economic position of the person.
9- It is preferable that one donates his extra clothes to the needy families on
condition that those clothes are not over used clothes.
10- Avoid wearing religious symbols as a fashion statement.
11- One should not dress up to show off, rather a person needs to adopt the
middle path when it comes to dressing.
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َ «ال َّراكِ ُب َشيْ َطا ٌن َوال َّراكِ بَانِ َشيْ َطانَانِ َوال َّث
أبو داود.الثَ ُة َر ْك ٌب»
“One rider is a devil. Two riders are two devils. Three are
a riding party. Abu Dawood
He should be keen to choose righteous people to accompany him. The travelers
should choose the best and the wisest of them to be their leader and to obey
him.
Prophet Mohammad said:
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اللهم إني أعوذ بك من أن أَضل أو أُضل، وال حول وال قوة إال باهلل،«بسم اهلل توكلت على اهلل
ّ أو أَظلم أو أُظلم أو أَجهل أو يُجهل،أو أَزل أو أُزل
» أبو داود.على
“In the name of Allah, I put my trust in Allah. There is no power or might except
with Allah. O Allah I seek refuge with You from going astray and being led
astray, from committing an error or being caused to commit an error or being
unjust or to be treated unjustly and from acting in ignorance or being acted
against in ignorance.” Abu Dawood
8- Upon getting on any kind of transportation (a camel, a car, a train or a
plane), it is recommended to say this dua’a:
اللهم إني أسألك،«سبحان الذي سخر لنا هذا وما كنا له مقرنني وإنا إلى ربنا ملنقلبون
اللهم هون علينا سفرنا هذا واطو، ومن العمل ما ترضى،في سفرنا هذا البر والتقوى
اللهم إني أعوذ بك من، اللهم أنت الصاحب في السفر واخلليفة في األهل واملال،عنا بعده
».وعثاء السفر وكآبة املنظر في املال واألهل والولد
How perfect He is, The One Who has place this (transport) at
our service, and we ourselves would not have been capable of
that, and to our Lord if our final destiny. O Allaah, we ask You
for birr and taqwaa in this journey of ours, and we ask You for deeds
which please You. O Allaah, facilitate our journey and let us cover its
distance quickly. O Allaah, You are The Companion on the journey
and The Successor over the family, O Allaah, I take refuge with You
from the difficulties of travel, from having a change of hearts and
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وم َو َد ْع َوةُ ْال ُ َسافِ ِر َو َد ْع َوةُ الْ َوالِدِ َعلَى َولَدِ هِ» الترمذي
ِ ُ ات َد ْع َوةُ ْال َ ْظل َ َ«ث
ٌ َالثُ َد َع َو ٍات ُم ْست ََجاب
“Three supplications are responded to without a doubt: a supplication
of the oppressed, the supplication of the traveler and the supplication
of the father for his son.” Tirmithi
12- During his travel, a Muslim should adopt a kind and good attitude and
avoid being harsh and rude. Moreover, he should adopt the best manner
of conduct. If he goes to a non-Muslim country, he set a good example of
Islam because people will judge Islam through his behavior as a Muslim.
13- One should not return to his family at night. It is preferable to tell them of
his arrival and to avoid surprising them by his return. The Sunnah, when
returning home is to start by going to the mosque that is nearest to his house
and praying two raka’ah.
14- A woman should seek her husband’s or mahram’s permission before
traveling. It is prohibited for a woman to travel a distance of a day and night
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«ال يحل المرأة تسافر مسيرة يوم وليلة إال مع ذي محرم عليها» مسلم
“It is not permissible for a woman to go on a journey of a day and
night except in the presence of a Mahram.” Muslim
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Allah says:
ِالصبْ ِر
َّ اص ْوا ب َ ْ اص ْوا ب
َ ِالقِّ َوتَ َو ِ ال
َ ات َوتَ َو َّ نسا َن لَفِ ي خُ ْس ٍر ِإ َّال ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا َو َعمِ لُوا
َ ِ الص ْ َوالْ َع
َ ص ِر إ َِّن ا ِإل
By time, Indeed, mankind is in loss, Except for those who have believed
and done righteous deeds and advised each other to truth and advised
each other to patience. [103:1-2-3]
Prophet Mohammad said:
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ِ َّ قِ ي َل َما ُهي يَا َر ُسو َل.«حقُّ ْال ُ ْسل ِِم َعلَى ْال ُ ْسل ِِم ِس ٌّت»
ِالل َقا َل « ِإ َذا لَقِ يتَ ُه َف َسلِّ ْم َعلَيْه َ
َ َّ
س َف َحمِ َد الل َفش ِّمتْ ُه َو ِإ َذا َ َ َ َ َ َو ِإ َذا َد َع
َ ص ْح ل ُه َو ِإ َذا َعطَ ْْص َحك َفان ْ اك َفأ ِجبْ ُه َو ِإ َذا
َ استَن
ات َفا َّت ِب ْعهُ» مسلمَ ض َف ُع ْدهُ َو ِإ َذا َم َ َم ِر
“The rights of the Muslim upon the Muslims are six. The
companions said: “And what are they, O Messenger?” He said:
“When you meet him, give him greeting of peace, when he invites
you, respond to his invitations, when he seeks your advice, advise
him, when he sneezes and praises Allah, supplicate for mercy
upon him, when he becomes ill, visit him and when he dies follow
him (his funeral).” Muslim
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ِساء ِّمن ِّن َساءَ يَا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ال يَ ْس َخ ْر َق ْو ٌم ِّمن َق ْو ٍم َع َسى أَن يَ ُكونُوا َخيْ ًرا ِّمنْ ُه ْم َوال ن
ِس ُم الْف ُُسو ُق
ْ س اال َ ْاب ِبئ ِ َع َسى أَن يَ ُك َّن َخيْ ًرا ِّمنْ ُه َّن َوال تَلْمِ زُوا أَنف َُس ُك ْم َوال تَنَابَزُوا بِاألَلْ َق
الظ ِالُو َنَّ ِك ُه ُم َ ميانِ َو َمن َّل ْم يَت ُْب َفأُولَئ
َ بَ ْع َد ا ِإل
O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule [another] people;
perhaps they may be better than them; nor let women ridicule [other]
women; perhaps they may be better than them. And do not insult one
another and do not call each other by [offensive] nicknames. Wretched
is the name of disobedience after [one›s] faith. And whoever does not
repent – then it is those who are the wrongdoers. [49:11]
4- Having the good intention of joking, such as making friends laugh in order to
make them happy and taking them away from sadness and boredom.
5- Joking is not permissible if it leads to scaring or frightening people especially
with a weapon or a piece of iron.
6- Joking should not be excessive because it is a relaxation for the soul and a
rest from ongoing seriousness. Excessive joking and too much laughter lead
to heedlessness, hardening the heart and it distracts from the remembrance
of Allah .
Prophet Mohammad said:
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َ الط
ال ُق َوال َّر ْج َع ُة » أبو داود َ َ«ث
َّ الثٌ ِج ُّد ُه َّن ِج ٌّد َو َه ْزلُ ُه َّن ِج ٌّد ال ِّن َكا ُح َو
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، جواد يحب اجلود، كرمي يحب الكرم، نظيف يحب النظافة،«إن اهلل طيب يحب الطيب
» الترمذي.فنظفوا أفنيتكم وال تتشبهوا باليهود
“Allah is pure and likes purity, He is clean and likes cleanliness. He is
generous and likes generosity. He is hospitable and likes hospitality,
so clean your courtyards and do not resemble the Jews.” Tirmithi
Regarding roads and markets, one has to enact necessary rules and regulations
made by the government. One should avoid carrying with him things which may
be harmful to others like knife or a gun.
Abu Musa narrated that Prophet Mohammad said:
«إذا مر أحدكم في مسجدنا أو في سوقنا ومعه نبل فليمسك على نصالها أو قال
» البخاري.فليقبض بكفه أن يصيب أحداً من املسلمني منها شيء
“If anyone of you passed through our mosque or through our market
while carrying arrows, he should hold the iron heads” or said “he
should hold their heads firmly with his hands lest he should injure
one of the Muslims with it.” Bukhari
6- Allah has prohibited for someone who is in charge of a public property,
to use it for his own use or misuse it. People who are in positions of trust
like managers should avoid taking advantage of their positions like taking
from the money under their hands unlawfully or in any way whether through
deception, treachery, bribery or robbery.
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ً ِ ص
َ ِالا َو َقا َل ِإ َّننِي مِ َن ْال ُ ْسلِم
ني ِ َّ من َد َعا ِإلَى
َ الل َو َعمِ َل َّ ِّ َو َم ْن أَ ْح َس ُن َق ْوال
And who is better in speech than one who invites to Allah and does
righteousness and says, «Indeed, I am of the Muslims.» [41:33]
Da’wah can be among non-Muslims by calling them to Islam or it can be
among Muslims by calling the non-committed Muslims to become religiously
committed.
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» مسلم.ً«من دعا إلى هدى كان له من األجر مثل أجور من تبعه ال ينقص ذلك من أجورهم شيئا
“Whoever calls to guidance will receive the same reward as the one who
follows him without any decrease in the reward of (his followers).” Muslim
So according to this Hadeeth, one who guides others to righteous deeds gets
a reward equivalent to their reward for doing good.
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ِ َّ الل َعلَى بَ ِصي َرةٍ أَنَاْ َو َمنِ ا َّت َب َعنِي َو ُسبْ َحا َن
َ ِالل َو َما أَنَاْ مِ َن ْال ُ ْش ِرك
ني ِ َّ ُق ْل َهذِ ِه َسبِيلِي أَ ْد ُعو ِإلَى
Say, “This is my way; I invite to Allah with insight, I and those who
follow me. And exalted is Allah; and I am not of those who associate
others with Him.” [12:108]
Knowledge for da’wah is very important. An ignorant dai’yah destroys and
never constructs. He should never preach something unless he has sure
knowledge with proof. He should be able to answer wisely the questions the
non-Muslims ask as well as explaining the misconceptions about Islam.
5- The caller to Islam should avoid defaming people’s culture, religion or way of
life or contradict himself.
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____________________
Taken with some modifications from Bilal Philips “Da’wah Training Course „
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Islamic Manners
Shaykh Abdul Fattah Abu Guddah
»«كتاب األخالق
فؤاد الشلهوب:جمع
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