Islamic Etiquette Guide

Islamic Etiquette
‫اآلداب اإلسالمية‬
Education Section - Advanced Curriculum
ADAB_Islamiya_fnl_(eng).indd 1 10/13/15 12:20 PM

Islamic Etiquette
‫اآلداب اإلسالمية‬
Written and Proofread by:

Latifa Al Saeed
Editor-in-chief
Asmaa Abdul Hameed
Special Thanks to:

Sumaiya Al Bakr

Preface
Praise be to Allah, the Most High and peace be upon His Prophet
Mohammad to whom he gave the message for mankind.
This book is comprised of a study of the various Islamic etiquettes (Adaab) for
all aspects of life such as the rights of The Almighty Allah, His Prophet, His Book
as well as the etiquettes of other personal and social acts .
Acquiring Adaab holds a great importance in building a balanced Islamic
personality, beautifying the conduct so as to bring the Muslim closer to Allah 
and to the hearts and minds of others .
IPC Education Section is pleased to present this textbook “Islamic Etiquettes”
which consists of a study of the Islamic Etiquettes and manners (adaab) as
derived from the Qur’an and the Sunnah.
Nineteen Adaab have been presented in this textbook with review questions.
The material of this textbook is tailored to be taught in a course of about 24 class
room hours.
Allahumma guide us to You favorably, and make us from those who listen to
wisdom and follow the best of it.
Education Section
Islam Presentation Committee

Table Of Contents
1 Adaab towards Allah  9
2 Adaab with the Messenger of Allah  13
3 Adaab with the Word of Allah  The Noble Qur’an 18
4 Adaab with Parents 24
5 Adaab between spouses 28
6 Adaab of Seeking Knowledge 32
7 Adaab of the Masjid 39
8 Adaab of Visiting 44
9 Adaab of Gathering and Greeting 50
10 Adaab of Eating and Drinking 58
11 Adaab of Relieving Oneself 62
12 Adaab of Sleeping 65
13 Adaab of Clothing 69
14 Adaab of Traveling 76
15 Adaab of Giving Naseehah 81
16 Adaab of Joking 85
17 Adaab of dealing with Public Property 90
18 Adaab of dealing in Social Media 94
19 Adaab of Da’wah 97

1 Adaab towards Allah 
 ‫اآلداب املتعلقة باهلل‬
Allah  is our Creator. He is the Creator worthy of worship and he sent down all
the Divine messages, which the prophets brought to their people and called to
the worship of Allah  alone. People who do not realize the greatness of Allah
 and associate partners with Him, they do not know the true Power and Might
of Allah .
Allah  said:
َ َّ ْ ‫َو َما َق َدروا‬
‫الل َحقَّ َق ْد ِر ِه‬ ُ
And they did not appraise Allah with true appraisal [6:91]
Manners ( Adaab ) towards Allah 

1- Worshipping Allah  alone without associating anyone with Him and rejecting
all false deities because this is the exact message of Islam, and a testimony of
faith.
Allah  says:
‫الص َم ُد لَ ْم يَ ِل ْد َولَ ْم يُولَ ْد َولَ ْم يَ ُكن َّل ُه ُك ُف ًوا أَ َح ٌد‬ ُ َّ ُ َّ

َّ ‫ُق ْل ُه َو الل أَ َح ٌد الل‬
Say, “He is Allah, [who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets
nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent. [114]

2- This worship with full devotion and with purifying one’s intention in worshipping
Allah  allows the whole of life of a believer to be an act of worship. The key of
your station with Allah  is sincerity (Ikhlas).
Allah  says:
َ ‫الصالةَ َويُ ْؤتُوا ال َّز َكاةَ َو َذل‬ َ َّ ‫َو َما أُمِ روا ِإ َّال ِليعب ُدوا‬
‫ِك‬ َّ ‫ني لَ ُه ال ِّدي َن ُحنَ َفاء َويُقِ ي ُموا‬َ ‫الل ُمخْ ل ِِص‬ َُْ ُ
ِ‫دِ ي ُن الْ َق ِّي َمة‬
And they were not commanded except to worship Allah, [being] sincere
to Him in religion, inclining to truth, and to establish prayer and to give
zakah. And that is the correct religion. [98:5]
The Muslim scholar Ibnul Qayyim said: “If a person is sincere towards Allah  in
all his affairs, Allah will give him more than He gives the others and this sincerity
results from true love of Allah and true trust in Him.” So the most sincere people
are those who love Allah  more than anything and put most trust in Him.
3- Watching Allah  (Muraqabah)
A Muslim should certainly know that Allah  knows everything. In believing in

this, one will control his deeds and avoid disobeying Allah  which is the secret
of having a successful relationship with Allah, the Almighty.
Once Abdullah ibn Umar, the companion of the Messenger of Allah , was
walking with his friends in the desert. They saw a young shepherd, grazing
_____________________
Teacher’s Note:
The teacher should inform the students that Aadaab means both etiquettes and manners and
make sure they use this throughout the course.
10

sheep. Abdullah wanted to examine the honesty and piety of this shepherd, so
he asked him to sell them one of his sheep. The guy replied “It’s not mine, it’s
may master’s sheep.”
Here Abdullah ibn Umar said: “Tell your master that the wolf ate it.” The shepherd
got angry and walked away saying: “So where is Allah?” Abdullah kept repeating
and crying, “So, where is Allah?”
When he returned to Madinah, Abdullah bought that slave from his master and
set him free.
So every Muslim should be like this shepherd in watching Allah  in all his deeds
and avoid disobeying Him or committing sins because Allah  hears, sees and
knows what we do even if we are alone.
4- Honoring Allah’s rituals and commands. A Muslim should respect and honor
all what Allah  commands us to do and at the same time should avoid things
that He has prohibited. In performing what we owe Him in what He obligated on
us, a Muslim becomes more pious and nearer to Allah .
5- Seeking help and assistance from Allah  (isti’aanah): Whenever one
encounters a trouble, he should immediately seek help of Allah .
Prophet Mohammad  said:
‫ الترمذي‬.»‫«إذا سألت فاسأل اهلل وإذا استعنت فاستعن باهلل‬

“If you ask, ask Allah, if you seek help, seek help of Allah.” Tirmithi
6- Having full trust in Allah  (Tawakkul)
One should trust in Allah’s plan and accept whatever He decides.
11

Allah  says:
ِ َّ ‫َو َعلَى‬
َ ‫الل َفتَ َو َّكلُوا ْ إِن ُكنتُم ُّمؤْمِ ِن‬
‫ني‬
And upon Allah rely, if you should be believers. [5:23]
Allah  is pleased with those who trust Him. The fruit of Tawakkul is to accept
and be content with Allah’s Decree.
7- Giving thanks to Allah 
Allah  has bestowed upon us countless blessings, thus a Muslim must thank
Allah  for these bounties with his tongue by praising Him as well as with his
limbs by using them in obedience to Him.
Allah  says:
ْ ُ ‫ت ألَ ِزي َد َّن ُك ْم َولَئِن َك َف ْر‬

‫ت إ َِّن َع َذابِي لَ َشدِ ي ٌد‬ ْ ُ ‫َو ِإ ْذ تَ َأ َّذ َن َر ُّب ُك ْم لَئِن َش َك ْر‬
And [remember] when your Lord proclaimed, ‹If you are grateful, I will
surely increase you [in favor]; but if you deny, indeed, My punishment
is severe. [14: 7]
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2 Adaab with the Messenger
of Allah 
 ‫اآلداب املتعلقة بالرسول‬
Allah  has sent Prophet Mohammad  as the last messenger for all humanity.
Allah  has honored and favored us by sending His Messenger, with His Last
Book , the Quran.
Allah  said:
َ ‫ني ِإ ْذ بَ َعثَ فِ يهِ ْم َر ُسوالً ِّم ْن أَنف ُِسهِ ْم يَتْلُو َعلَيْهِ ْم آيَاتِهِ َويُ َز ِّكيهِ ْم َويُ َعلِّ ُم ُه ُم الْكِ ت‬
‫َاب‬ َّ ‫لَ َق ْد َم َّن‬
َ ‫اللُ َعلَى ْالُؤْمِ ِن‬
‫ِني‬
ٍ ‫الل ُّمب‬ٍ ‫ض‬ َ ‫ال ْك َم َة َوإِن َكانُوا ْ مِ ن َقبْ ُل لَفِ ي‬ ِ ْ ‫َو‬
Certainly did Allah confer [great] favor upon the believers when He sent among
them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His verses and purifying
them and teaching them the Book and wisdom, although they had been before
in manifest error [3:164]
Indeed, Prophet Mohammad  has certain rights and manners

over us which we should observe and uphold.
Among these are:
1- Bearing witness that Prophet Mohammad  is the messenger of Allah and
he is the last Messenger Allah has sent.
2- Following his Sunnah (teachings) and obeying him in speech and action.
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Anyone who claims faith in Prophet but then does not obey his orders and follow
his Sunnah, has lied about his faith.
Allah  said:
‫وف‬ ْ ‫ا َّلذِ ي َن يَ َّت ِب ُعو َن ال َّر ُسو َل ال َّنب َِّي األُ ِّم َّي ا َّلذِ ي يَ ِج ُدونَ ُه َم ْكتُو ًبا ِعن َد ُه ْم فِ ي ال َّت ْو َرا ِة َوا ِإلجنِ يلِ يَ ْأ ُم ُر ُهم ب‬
ِ ‫ِال َ ْع ُر‬
‫ِص َر ُه ْم َواألَ ْغال َل ا َّلتِي َكانَ ْت‬ ْ ‫ض ُع َعنْ ُه ْم إ‬ َ َ‫ال َبائِثَ َوي‬ َ ْ ‫ات َويُ َح ِّر ُم َعلَيْهِ ُم‬ َّ ‫َويَنْ َها ُه ْم َعنِ ْالُن َك ِر َويُ ِح ُّل لَ ُه ُم‬
ِ ‫الط ِّي َب‬
َ ‫ص ُروهُ َوا َّت َب ُعوا ْ النُّو َر ا َّلذِ َي أ ُ ِنز َل َم َع ُه أ ُ ْولَئ‬
‫ِك ُه ُم ْال ُ ْفل ُِحو َن‬ َ َ‫َعلَيْهِ ْم َفا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ْ ِبهِ َو َع َّز ُروهُ َون‬
Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered prophet, whom they find
written in what they have of the Torah and the Gospel, who enjoins upon them
what is right and forbids them what is wrong and makes lawful for them the
good things and prohibits for them the evil and relieves them of their burden
and the shackles which were upon them. So they who have believed in him,
honored him, supported him and followed the light which was sent down with
him – it is those who will be the successful. [7:157]
‫ «من أطاعني فقد أطاع اهلل ومن يعصيني فقد‬:‫ قال‬ ‫ أن رسول اهلل‬ ‫عن أبي هريرة‬
‫» مسلم‬.‫عصى اهلل‬
Abu Hurairah  narrated that the Prophet  said “Whoever obeys me has
obeyed Allah and whoever disobeys me has disobeyed Allah.” Muslim
3- Loving him
Among the rights of the Prophet  upon his nation is complete and perfect love
for him.
14

‫ «ال يؤمن أحدكم حتى أكون أحب إليه من ولده ووالده‬: ‫ قال‬ ‫عن انس بن مالك أن رسول اهلل‬
‫» البخاري‬.‫والناس أجمعني‬
“None of you (truly) believes until I am more beloved to him than his child, his
parents and all people.” Bukhari
The greatest degree of love for the Messenger of Allah is to love him more
than one’s self. Umar ibn Al Khattab  (the second Khalifa) once said to the
Prophet, “O Messenger of Allah, you are more beloved to me than everything
except myself. The Prophet  replied, “No, by the One in whose hand is my
soul, not until I am more beloved to you than yourself.” Then Umar  said,
“Now, by Allah, you are more beloved to me than myself.” So the Prophet 
said, “Now you have believed Umar.”
4- Honoring him
This is among the Prophet’s rights. Muslims should respect and hold him in
high esteem. The Prophet’s companions used to honor him so much that when
he  spoke they would listen to him attentively and avoid raising their voices
above the voice of the Prophet or be loud to him in speech. In doing this, they
follow Allah’s  order:
‫ت َه ُروا لَ ُه بِالْ َق ْولِ َك َج ْه ِر بَ ْع ِض ُك ْم‬ ْ َ‫يا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ال تَ ْر َف ُعوا أ‬
َ ‫ص َواتَ ُك ْم َف ْو َق‬
ْ َ ‫ص ْو ِت ال َّنب ِِّي َوال‬
‫تبَ َط أَ ْع َمالُ ُك ْم َوأَنتُ ْم ال ت َْش ُع ُرو َن‬
ْ َ ‫ِلبَ ْع ٍض أَن‬
O you who have believed, do not raise your voices above the voice of the
Prophet or be loud to him in speech like the loudness of some of you to others,
lest your deeds become worthless while you perceive not. [49:2]
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5- Invoking Allah’s blessings upon him whenever he is mentioned.
Allah  has ordered believers to invoke blessings on him saying:
َ َّ ‫إ َِّن‬
َ ‫صلُّو َن َعلَى ال َّنب ِِّي يَا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا‬
‫صلُّوا َعلَيْهِ َو َسلِّ ُموا ت َْسلِي ًما‬ َ ُ‫الل َو َمال ِئ َكتَ ُه ي‬
Indeed, Allah confers blessing upon the Prophet, and His angels [ask Him to do
so]. O you who have believed, ask [Allah to confer] blessing upon him and ask
[Allah to grant him] peace. [33:56]
It is indeed discourtesy for a Muslim to hear the mention of Allah’s messenger
 and then be too miser to invoke blessings on him.
Prophet Mohammad  said :
‫» الترمذي‬. ‫علي‬
ّ ‫ «البخيل من ذكرت عنده فلم يصل‬: ‫ قال‬ ‫ أن رسول اهلل‬ ‫عن علي بن أبي طالب‬
Ali bin Abi Talib  narrated that Prophet Mohammad  said: “The miser is the
one in whose presence I am mentioned yet does not pray for Allah’s blessings
upon me.” Tirmithi
6- Honoring his family, wives and companions (sahabah) and avoiding criticizing
or cursing them. Instead one should ask Allah’s forgiveness for them, respect
them and follow their steps because they are the closest to the Prophet of Allah.
7- Spreading his message
Loyalty to the Prophet includes spreading his message which is invitation to
Islam throughout the world. All Muslims should fulfill the duty of Dawah and
delivering of the message by using different methods , both online and offline .
16

8- Supporting and defending the Prophet by word and action whenever others
offend, underestimate or distort his reputation . Muslims should handle such
situations wisely and calmly .
How to support Prophet Mohammad  ?
1- By living his morals and ethics .
2- By spreading his biography and his traditions in all languages .
3- By implementing our prophet’s teachings in our daily contact with others .
4- By defending his honor.
5- By studying his seerah and closely following his teachings.
6- By reviving his sunnah and teaching or raising awareness about his life.
7- By enjoining good and forbidding evil like he used to do .
17

3 Adaab with the Word of Allah 
The Noble Qur’an
‫اآلداب املتعلقة بالقرآن الكرمي‬
Qur’an is the word of Allah revealed to Mohammad  . The teachings of Qur’an
are the guidelines for the Muslims to lead a blessed and productive life and
teaches them how to live in peace, respect each other and follow the righteous
path.
Moreover, reciting the Noble Qur’an strengthens the relationship between the
Muslim and Allah , fills his heart with security and tranquility.
Adaab with reciting Qur’an:

1- Strive to be sincere when you learn and recite Qur’an.
One should read and learn Qur’an for the sake of Allah  and not so that he is
known as a reciter or a scholar.
2- Requirement of ritual purity to touch the Qur’an. If one is in a state of impurity,
he should avoid touching it.
Allah  said:
‫ي ُّس ُه ِإ َّال ْال ُ َط َّه ُرو َن‬

َ َ ‫ّل‬
None touch it except the purified. [56:79]
18

One may hold the Qur’an via a barrier because in doing so, one is not physically
touching the Qur’an.
Menstruating women and those experiencing post-natal bleeding are allowed
to recite Qur’an although they are forbidden from touching it. It is permissible
to carry the Qur’an in one’s pocket but one cannot enter the toilet with it.
3- One should sit in a respectable, honorable manner while reciting Qur’an.
He should avoid laughing and talking during reciting Qur’an
4- It is permissible to recite Qur’an while one is standing, walking, riding, sitting
or lying down.
Allah  said:
ِ ‫ات َواألَ ْر‬ َ َّ

‫ض‬ َّ ِ‫ا َّلذِ ي َن يَ ْذ ُك ُرو َن الل قِ َيا ًما َو ُق ُعو ًدا َو َعل َ َى ُجنُوبِهِ ْم َويَتَ َف َّك ُرو َن فِ ي َخلْق‬
ِ ‫الس َما َو‬
The ones who remember Allah while standing or sitting or [lying] on their sides
and who reflect on the creation of the heavens and the earth [3:191]
5- It is preferable when one reads Qur’an to face the Qibla and starts with
Istiathah and Basmallah.
6- Qur’an should be carried with proper care and kept in a safe place.
7- Verses of Qur’an should be recited in slow tones with each word being
pronounced clearly. The reciter should beautify his voice while reciting Qur’an.
It should be recited with Tajweed1 and Tarteel2.
1 Tajweed: Rules of reciting Quran correctly

2 Tarteel : Reciting Quran beautifully and clearly. The teacher discusses with his students plac-
es of the fifteen places of Sajdah.
19

8- One should perform Sajdah where is required to do. In the entire Qur’an
there are fifteen places where performing Sajdah is required.
9- One should interact with the Qur’an. When he comes across verses of Paradise,
mercy or grace of Allah , he should hope for these things and pray to Allah
for them , on the other hand, if he comes across verses of punishment, warn,
or hell, he should pray to be saved from them.
10- One should strive to understand Qur’an . He should also reflect and ponder
over what he is reciting. A Muslim should open his heart and mind to the
verses of Qur’an. Allah  invites us to think and ponder over the contents of
the Qur’an.
Allah  said:
‫وب أَ ْق َفالُ َها‬

ٍ ُ ‫أَ َفال يَتَ َد َّب ُرو َن الْ ُق ْرآ َن أَ ْم َعلَى ُقل‬
Then do they not reflect upon the Qur’an, or are there locks upon [their] hearts?
[47:24]
11- One should implement and act upon the verses of Qur’an in his daily life.
eg Spreading the Salaam, be dutiful to parents, feeding the poor… etc.
Prophet Mohammad  was like a walking and a living Qur’an.
12- Qur’an should be recited regularly. It is disrespectful to keep the Noble
Qur’an unread for a long period of time.
Allah  said:
ِ‫َفا ْق َر ُؤوا َما تَيَ َّس َر مِ َن الْ ُق ْرآن‬

so recite what is easy [for you] of the Qur’an. [73:20]
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Aisha ‫ رضي هللا عنها‬narrated that Prophet Mohammad  said:
‫والذي يقرأ القرآن ويتعتع فيه وهو عليه‬، ‫«الذي يقرأ القرآن وهو ماهر به مع السفرة الكرام البررة‬
‫شاق له أجران» البخاري ومسلم‬
“Verily the one who recites the Qur’an beautifully and smoothly, he will be in the
company of the noble and obedient angels. And as for the one who recites with
difficulty, stammering or stumbling through its verses, then he will have twice
that reward.” Bukhari & Muslim
13- Teaching the Noble Qur’an in the community.
Uthman bin Affan  narrated that the Prophet Mohammad  said:
‫«خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه» البخاري‬

“The best of you are the ones who learn the Qur’an and teach it to others.”
Bukhari
If one is qualified, he can teach the Qur’an to children, New Muslims or elderly
people.
14- Children should get familiar with the Qur’an early in their lives, so parents
should enroll children in Qur’an classes and they should encourage them to
participate in Qur’an memorization and recitation competitions as well as provide
motivation and incentives for them. Children should also be taught meaning of
the words of Allah.
21

Review Questions 1
Fill in the spaces:
1- The most sincere people are those who ________________ Allah  most and
put most ________________ in Him.
2- Loyalty to the Prophet Mohammad  includes spreading his
________________ through the world.
3- It is disrespected to keep the Noble Qur’an unread. It should be
________________ regularly.
4- The best among Muslims are the ones who learn Qur’an and
________________ to others.
5- Muslims should avoid talking ill or criticizing the family, wives and companions
of the ________________ .
True or false:
1 ) ( A Muslim can make his whole life as an act of worship if he
worships Allah  with full devotion and pure intention.
2 ) ( The Prophet’s companions used to avoid raising their voices
above his voice.
3 ) ( One may touch the Qur’an if he is in state of impurity.
4 ) ( It is recommended to beautify one’s voice when reciting the
Qur’an
5 ) ( Giving thanks to Allah  is only done by tongue .
Choose the correct answer:

1- If a Muslim believes that Allah  knows everything:
a. He will control his deeds and obey Allah .
b. He will obey and fear Allah  only among people.
22

c. He will sometimes avoid things Allah  has prohibited.
2- A Muslim should love the Messenger of Allah:
a. Less than himself
b. The same as he loves himself
c. More than himself
3- While reciting Qur’an , one should not:
a. Face the Qibla
b. Recite it in slow tones
c. Touch it in a state of impurity
Match the following:
1- Adaab ( ) Having full trust in Allah 
2- Muraqabah ( ) Rules of reciting Qur’an correctly
3- Tawakkul ( ) Manners and etiquettes
4- Sunnah ( ) Watching Allah 
5- Tajweed ( ) Teachings of the Messenger of Allah Muhammad 
Allah  says:
“Indeed, in Allah’s Messenger, you have a good example to follow for him who
hopes in Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah much.”
Mention four rights a Muslim should observe towards the Messenger of
Allah 
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
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4 Adaab with Parents
‫األدب مع الوالدين‬
Islam has elevated the status of parents. It regards being kind and dutiful towards
them as one of the best acts of worship.
Allah  says:
َ َّ ْ ‫اعب ُدوا‬
‫الل َوالَ ت ُْش ِر ُكوا ْ ِبهِ َشيْ ًئا َوبِالْ َوا ِل َديْنِ إ ِْح َسا ًنا‬ ُ ْ ‫َو‬
Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and to parents do
good, [4:36]
Adaab with parents:

1- A Muslim believes in his parent’s rights upon him and that they are the most
worthy of his considerations and that a mother has more rights than a father
because of the hardships suffered by her during pregnancy and the severe pain
of delivery.
:‫ «من أحق الناس بحسن صحابتي ؟ قال‬:‫ فقال‬ ‫ جاء رجل إلي النبي‬:‫ قال‬ ‫عن أبي هريرة‬
‫ أبوك» البخاري‬:‫ ثم من ؟ قال‬:‫ قال‬، ‫ امك‬:‫ ثم من؟ قال‬:‫ قال‬، ‫ أمك‬:‫ ثم من ؟ قال‬:‫ قال‬،‫أمك‬
Abu Huraira  narrated that a man came to the Prophet  and said: “O
Messenger of Allah, who among the people is the most deserving of
my good companionship?” He  said: “Your mother!” “Then whom?”
He  said: “Your mother!” “Then whom?” He  said: “Your mother!”
24

He asked: “Then whom?” He said: “Then your father.” Bukhari
2- Showing love, mercy and keeping them happy and comfortable, seeking
their pleasure and praying for them ,spending time with them as much as
possible.
3- One has to obey his parents and fulfill their requests as long as it is not in
disobedience to Allah  or in contradiction to the Shariah.
Prophet Mohammad  said :
‫«ال طاعة ملخلوق في معصية اهلل» مسلم‬

“There is no obedience for created things in a matter of disobedience to
Creator”.Muslim
4- One should be respectful to his parents in speech and action by listening to
them when they talk and avoid belittling or mocking their opinions. Children
should not call their parents by their names, but, instead, say “My father”
or “My mother”, as well as avoiding raising their voices above their parents’
voices or troubling them by hurtful and offensive words.
Allah  said:
‫ضى َربُّ َك أَ َّال تَ ْعبُ ُدوا ْ ِإ َّال ِإ َّياهُ َوبِالْ َوا ِل َديْنِ إ ِْح َسا ًنا ِإ َّما يَبْل ُ َغ َّن ِعن َد َك الْكِ بَ َر أَ َح ُد ُه َما أَ ْو كِ ال ُه َما‬
َ ‫َو َق‬
ً ‫ال تَقُل َّل ُه َما أ ُ ٍّف َوالَ تَنْ َه ْر ُه َما َو ُقل َّل ُه َما َق ْوالً َك ِر‬
‫ميا‬ َ ‫َف‬
And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to
parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age
[while] with you, say not to them [so much as], “uff,” and do not repel
them but speak to them a noble word. [17:23]
25

5- One should be kind and dutiful to his parents even if they are non-Muslims.
6- One should be dutiful to them when they are old by invoking Allah  to bestow
mercy and forgiveness on them.
7- It is necessary (wajib) upon an individual that he supports his parents and
grandparents financially or if they are poor or in need, provided that he is capable
of doing so.
8- Being dutiful to parents after death : There are some matters which a Muslim
should do for his parents after their death:
- Supplicating to Allah  for them and asking Allah  to have mercy upon
them.
- Asking Allah  to forgive their faults and sins.
- Honoring their relatives and friends by being kind to them, visiting them,
giving them charity if they are in need.
- Fulfilling their promises and wills.
- Giving charity on their behalf.
‫أبوي شيء‬
ّ ‫ هل بقي من بر‬،‫ «يا رسول اهلل‬:‫ فقال‬ ‫جاء رجل من بني سلمة إلى النبي‬
‫ الصالة عليهما (الدعاء) واالستغفار لهما وإيفاء‬،‫ نعم‬:‫أبرهما به من بعد موتهما؟ قال‬
‫» ابن ماجه‬.‫بعهودهما من بعد موتهما وإكرام صديقهما وصلة الرحم التي ال توصل إال بهما‬
A man from Bani Salama came to the Prophet  and asked: “O
Messenger of Allah, now my parents are dead, is there any dutifulness
left for me to do towards them?” The Prophet  answered: “Yes,
supplicating for them, seeking forgiveness for them, fulfillment of their
26

wills after their death and being kind to their friends and maintaining
good relations with those of your relatives with whom your kinship is
established only through them.” Ibn Majah
27

5 Adaab between spouses
‫اآلداب بني األزواج‬
The family is the morally grounded foundation of a society. It composed of
individual that have a permanent relations between them.
There must be certain etiquettes placed in order to control and regulate these
relations
Etiquette between spouses

There are some shared Adaab and duties by both a husband and a wife like
loyalty, honesty, respect, trust, love and mercy, good companionship, protecting
each other’s honor and secrets.
Allah  says:
َ ‫اجا ِّلت َْس ُكنُوا ِإلَيْ َها َو َج َع َل بَيْنَ ُكم َّم َو َّد ًة َو َر ْح َم ًة إ َِّن فِ ي َذل‬
‫ِك‬ ً ‫َومِ ْن آيَاتِهِ أَ ْن َخل َ َق لَ ُكم ِّم ْن أَنف ُِس ُك ْم أَ ْز َو‬
ٍ َ‫َلي‬
‫ات ِّل َق ْو ٍم يَتَ َف َّك ُرو َن‬
And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you
may find tranquility in them ;and He placed between you affection and
mercy .Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.[30:21]
The rights of the wife upon the husband

Supporting and providing the means of living like a suitable house, foodstuffs
and clothing and all other necessary things. A husband as well should strive to
28

improve the living conditions of his family.
Kind and proper treatment and avoid beating her except in the case of nushooz
(rebellion against the husband’s authority). Even in that case, the husband is
only allowed to strike her as a last resort, but in a way which does not harm her
or her dignity.
Allah  says:
‫ض َما آتَيْتُ ُمو ُه َّن‬ ُ ‫يا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ْ الَ يَ ِح ُّل لَ ُك ْم أَن ت َِرثُوا ْ ال ِّن َساء َك ْر ًها َوالَ تَ ْع‬
ِ ‫ضلُو ُه َّن ِلتَ ْذ َهبُوا ْ ِب َب ْع‬
‫وف َف ِإن َك ِر ْهتُ ُمو ُه َّن َف َع َسى أَن تَ ْك َر ُهوا ْ َشيْ ًئا َويَ ْج َع َل‬ ِ ‫ِال َ ْع ُر‬ ِ ‫اح َش ٍة ُّمبَ ِّين ٍَة َو َع‬
ْ ‫اش ُرو ُه َّن ب‬ َ ‫ِإ َّال أَن يَ ْأ ِت‬
ِ ‫ني ِب َف‬
‫اللُ فِ يهِ َخيْ ًرا َكثِي ًرا‬َّ
O you who have believed, it is not lawful for you to inherit women by
compulsion. And do not make difficulties for them in order to take [back]
part of what you gave them unless they commit a clear immorality. And
live with them in kindness. For if you dislike them - perhaps you dislike a
thing and Allah makes therein much good. [4:19]
Teaching her the obligatory religion which is her beliefs, how to purify herself
how to pray, how to fast and her rights over her parents, husband as well as all
other important Islamic matters.
A husband must remember that for each member of the couple, there will be
an aspect of the one’s personality that conflicts with the other’s personality.
And he should remember that if there are some characteristics that he does not
find pleasing in his wife, then indeed she has other characteristics, which will
definitely be pleasing to him. And above all, he should be patient with her.
29

‫«ال يفرك مؤمن مؤمنة أي ال يبغضها إن كره منها خلقاً رضي آخر» مسلم‬
“A believing man does not dislike a believing woman. If he dislikes one
character in her, he is pleased with another.” Muslim
The rights of the husband upon his wife

A wife must obey her husband so long as his commands do not conflict or
contradict the commands of Allah  and the general teachings and ethics of
Islam.
Allah  says:
َّ ‫با َف َّض َل‬
َ ‫اللُ بَ ْع‬
‫ات‬
ُ ‫ال‬َ ِ ‫الص‬ َّ ‫با أَن َفقُوا ْ مِ ْن أَ ْم َوالِهِ ْم َف‬
َ ِ ‫ض ُه ْم َعلَى بَ ْع ٍض َو‬ َ ِ ‫ال ِّر َجا ُل َق َّوا ُمو َن َعلَى ال ِّن َساء‬
‫اج ِع‬
ِ ‫ض‬ َ َ ‫اه ُج ُرو ُه َّن فِ ي ْال‬ َّ ‫با َحفِ َظ‬
ْ ‫اللُ َوا َّلالتِي ت ََخا ُفو َن نُ ُشو َز ُه َّن َفعِ ُظو ُه َّن َو‬ ٌ ‫َات َحافِ َظ‬
َ ِ ‫ات ِّلل ْ َغيْ ِب‬ ٌ ‫َقا ِنت‬
َ َّ
‫ال إ َِّن الل َكا َن َع ِل ًّيا َكبِي ًرا‬ َ ‫اض ِربُو ُه َّن َف ِإ ْن أَ َط ْعنَ ُك ْم َف‬
ً ‫ال تَبْغُوا ْ َعلَيْهِ َّن َسبِي‬ ْ ‫َو‬
Men are in charge of women by [right of] what Allah has given one over the
other and what they spend [for maintenance] from their wealth. So righteous
women are devoutly obedient, guarding in [the husband›s] absence what Allah
would have them guard. But those [wives] from whom you fear arrogance [first]
advise them; [then if they persist], forsake them in bed; and [finally], strike
them. But if they obey you [once more], seek no means against them. Indeed,
Allah is ever Exalted and Grand. [4:34]
‫ لعنتها املالئكة حتى‬،‫«إذا دعا الرجل امرأته إلى فراشه فلم تأته فبات غضبان عليها‬
‫تصبح» بخاري ومسلم‬
30

“If a man calls his wife to his bed and she does not come and he then
spends the night angry with her, the angels curse her until the morning.”
Bukhari & Muslim
The wife must not leave the house or travel except with her husband’s permission
and approval.
Protecting his home, wealth and children. She must not receive anyone in his
home whom her husband does not like.
Good behavior: a wife must respect her husband’s parents and near relatives,
she also should lower her gaze, keep her voice low, dress modesty and do her
best to please her husband and make their life happy and comfortable.
She should raise their children well, and spend time in her house productively.
She should above all be patient towards her husband and strive to make their
lives together beautiful.
31

6 Adaab of Seeking Knowledge
‫آداب طلب العلم‬
Seeking knowledge is greatly valued in Islam and it has a great importance
because it is considered to be an act of worship and as the best and most
noble act.
The first revealed verse in Qur’an is an invitation to seeking knowledge.
Allah  said:
ْ ‫ا ْق َرأْ ب‬
‫ِاس ِم َر ِّب َك ا َّلذِ ي َخل َ َق‬
Recite in the name of your Lord who created [96:1]
‫«طلب العلم فريضة عن كل مسلم» ابن ماجة‬

“Seeking knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim
(male and female) Ibn Majah
Knowledge is divided into:

1- Fard Ayn (individual duty): It is the knowledge which is a must on every Muslim
to know about Allah  , Prophet Mohammad  and his religion. Matters like
belief,purification,worship and moral ethics need to be studied individually.
2- Fard Kifaya (collective or group duty): It is the worldly academic knowledge
32

such as medicine, industry or any science related to history or civilization.
Some of the Islamic knowledge can be classified as such, for example,
knowledge about the laws of inheritance.
In studying worldly academic sciences , if one wants to be rewarded by Allah
, one must have intention of benefiting people as well as he must take his
study seriously.
Seeking Shari’ah knowledge might not be only at school or at university, it
might be attending study circles, at mosques or via online venues. The seeker
of knowledge should not stop seeking knowledge until he departs from this life.
The virtues of seeking knowledge:

1- When one is granted knowledge, he becomes more acquainted with
Allah’s  attributes and qualities and he appreciates Allah’s  creation more
as well as he witnesses that Allah  is the only One worthy of worship, and
then submits to Him humbly. This, in return, generates in his heart, fear and
the at the same time love for his creator. Accordingly Allah  joins faith with
knowledge.
Allah  said:
َ َّ ‫الل مِ ْن ِعبادِ ِه الْعلَماء إ َِّن‬
‫الل َع ِزي ٌز َغفُو ٌر‬ َ َّ ‫ِنا يَخْ َشى‬
َ َّ ‫إ‬
َ ُ َ
Only those fear Allah, from among His servants, who have knowledge. Indeed,
Allah is Exalted in Might and Forgiving. [35:28]
2- Every path taken in search of knowledge is a way to Paradise. The Prophet
 gave glad tidings to anyone who undertakes the task of seeking knowledge.
33

َّ ‫«‏ َم ْن سل َ َك َط ِري ًقا يَلْتَمِ س فِ يهِ ِعل ْ ًما س َّه َل‬
َ ْ ‫اللُ لَ ُه َط ِري ًقا ِإلَى‬
‫النَّةِ »‏ مسلم‬ َ ُ َ
Whoever follows a path to seek knowledge, Allah  will make the path to
Jannah (Paradise) easy for him. Muslim
In addition to that, Prophet Mohammad  told us that:
‫» الترمذي‬.‫«إن املالئكة لتضع أجنحتها لطالب العلم رضى مبا يطلب‬

The angels shade the seeker of knowledge with their wings pleased
with what he seeks. Tirmithi
3- The reward of the people who are in the field of knowledge reaches them
even after their death like those who teach others, donate in building schools
or publish books… etc.
‫ «إذا مات اإلنسان انقطع عمله إال من‬: ‫ قال رسول اهلل‬:‫ قال‬ ‫عن أبي هريرة‬
‫ إال من صدقة جارية أو علم ينتفع به أو ولد صالح يدعو له» مسلم‬:‫ثالثة‬
Abu Hurairah  narrated that Prophet Mohammad  said:
“When the human being dies, his deeds (the return on his
righteous deeds) come to an end except for three sources, a
running charity, beneficial knowledge or a righteous child who
prays for him.” Muslim
4- Knowledge guides its seekers to be more virtuous. It purifies one’s behavior

and increases his human values and moral awareness and directs him towards
high status in this world and in the Hereafter.
34

Adaab of seeking knowledge:
1- Be sincere while acquiring knowledge or teaching it. A new problem which
appeared in our time is associating knowledge with academic degrees and not
acquiring knowledge to benefit from it.
2- Have a high intention in seeking beneficial knowledge. Do you seek knowledge
to show off and gain reputation or seek the pleasure of Allah ?
3-Define your goals for seeking knowledge and what are your aims that you
want to achieve?
4- Have respect for your teachers and scholars and behave in good manner
avoiding laughing or ridiculing anybody.
5- Take notes while listening in a lecture or reading for reviewing later.

6- Search and inquire for knowledge. Ignorance is a disease and its cure is
inquiring.
‫ اجلهل‬: ‫ قال «فإمنا شفاء العِ ّي السؤال» الترمذي العِ ّي‬ ‫ أن رسول اهلل‬ ‫روي جابر بن عبداهلل‬
Jabir bin Abdullah t narrated that Prophet Mohammad  said: “The cure for
confusion is but to ask.” Tirmithi
So asking about information helps to confirm what you understand.
7- Read extra . A student of knowledge must do extra readings to gain more
knowledge and to deepen his understanding on any topic. This reading must
be appropriate to his level of knowledge.
35

8- Always act upon the knowledge you learn and teach to other people. Share
what you learn with others.
9- Make a schedule to organize your time in attaining knowledge .
10- Do not limit yourself only to books; attend lectures or listen to recorded
lectures.
11- Be patient in seeking knowledge because the seeker of knowledge faces
troubles and hardship in gaining it.
12- Never take the opportunities you get for granted. They are a gift from Allah,so
use your time and energy wisely.
36

Review Questions 2
Fill in the spaces:
1- Being dutiful towards parents is considered as one of the best acts of
_________________ .
2- Prophet Mohammad  said: “Seeking knowledge is _________________
upon every Muslim.
3- Allah  joins knowledge with _________________ because knowledge
generates fears in the hearts of its seekers of Him.
4- A wife must not leave the house except with her husband’s
_________________ .
5- Asking Allah  to forgive the dead parents is an act of _________________
to them.
6- The rights of the wife upon her husband is to support her and to provide the
means of _________________ .
True or false
1- ) ( Obeying and honoring parents is a must in Islam.
2- ) ( Islam does not encourage seeking knowledge at old age.
3- ) ( The wife should obey her husband if his commands contradict the
commands of Allah .
4- ) ( Supporting parents financially if they are poor is not necessary.
37

1- Fard Ayn ) ( Ruler of Muslims
2- Khalifa ) ( Islamic teachings
3- Sharia ) ( Individual duty
4- Fard Kifaya ) ( Collective or group duty
1- In Islam the mother :
a. Has the same rights of a father
b. Has more rights than a father
c. Has less rights than a father
2- The angels curse the wife if she :
a. Asks her husband for a lot of food and clothes
b. Doesn’t seek knowledge
c. Refuses to come to her husband’s bed
3- The best seeker of Knowledge is the one who :
a. Acts upon the knowledge he learn and teaches it to others
b. Faces troubles and hardship in gaining it
c. Seeks knowledge to show off and gain reputation
List three shared rights between spouses:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
38

7 Adaab of the Masjid
‫آداب الذهاب إلى املسجد‬
The masjid is the house of Allah  and it is the place of worship. Muslims should
be keen on going to the masjid to perform prayers because it is a Sunnah to do
so and also for its great reward.
‫ أعد اهلل له نزال من اجلنة كلما غدا أو راح‏» متفق عليه‬،‫‏ «من غدا إلى املسجد أو راح‬
“He who goes to the masjid (to perform prayers) at dawn or dusk, Allah 
prepares a hospitable abode for him in Jannah every time when he walks
to it or comes back from it.” Agreed Upon
Mosques have adaab ( etiquettes), every Muslim should commit

to them :
1- Purification
One should make wudhu before going to Masjid. People in state of impurity
and menstruating women should not enter Masjid except those passing
through.
2- One should wear good and clean clothes to the Masjid.
39

Allah  said:
ْ ‫يَا بَنِي آ َد َم خُ ُذوا ْ ِزينَتَ ُك ْم ِعن َد ُك ِّل َم ْس ِج ٍد َو ُكلُوا ْ َو‬

َ ِ‫اش َربُوا ْ َوالَ ت ُْس ِر ُفوا ْ ِإ َّن ُه الَ يُ ِح ُّب ْال ُ ْس ِرف‬
‫ني‬
O children of Adam, take your adornment at every masjid, and eat and
drink, but be not excessive. Indeed, He likes not those who commit
excess. [7:31]
3- Calmness while walking to Masjid
One who enters the Masjid should not run to catch up with a rakah, rather
he should walk calmly because Prophet Mohammad  forbade running in
such a situation.
4- One should enter the Masjid with his right foot first and then say as Prophet
Mohammad  used to say:
‫ رب اغفر لي ذنوبي وافتح لي أبواب رحمتك» مسلم‬،‫ اللهم صل على محمد‬،‫«بسم اهلل‬
“Bismillah and peace be upon Mohammad, Oh Allah forgive my faults and
open for me the gates of your mercy.” Muslim
5- Before going to the Masjid , one should not eat anything that gives a bad
smell like onion, garlic or smoke. Inside Masjid, he should avoid spitting,
talking of trade or buying and selling things, announcement of the missing or
lost things as well as using the mobile.
6- On entering Masjid, one should offer two rakahs, (Tahayyatul Masjid ) prayer
of greeting the mosque. He should avoid talking loudly, disturbing people who
are engaged in prayer or doing something undesirable. No one should indulge
in gossips in the Masjid.
40

7- One should not pass in front of the praying Muslims, he should sit where
he finds a place and avoid skipping people or squeezing himself between two
people who are already sitting.
8- Avoiding going out after the call to prayer. One should wait until he finishes
the prayer.
9- As long as one is waiting for the prayer, he should keep himself busy in
remembrance of Allah  , reciting Qur’an or supplicating.
‫«إمنا جعلت املساجد لذكر اهلل وللصالة ولقراءة القرآ ‏ن»‏ متفق عليه‬
“The mosques are built to the remembrance of Allah, prayer and reciting the
Qur’an.” Agreed Upon
10- Arranging the rows : Prophet Mohammad  used to arrange the rows for
prayer, men were standing in first rows, followed by children, then women in
the last part of the mosque, as he was the Imam .
11- Tending Allah’s sanctuaries: A Muslim should take masjids as sanctuaries
and look forward to praying in them and his heart should be attached to masjids
at all times, he shouldn’t dissent them absolutely because masjids are houses of
Allah  on earth. Allah loves those who honor His houses.
Allah  says:
َ َّ ‫ش ِإ َّال‬ ِ َّ ‫الل َم ْن آ َم َن ب‬
ِ َّ ‫اج َد‬
‫الل‬ َ ْ‫الصالةَ َوآتَى ال َّز َكاةَ َولَ ْم يَخ‬ َّ ‫اآلخ ِر َوأَ َقا َم‬ ِ ‫ِالل َوالْ َي ْو ِم‬ َ َّ ‫إ‬
ِ ‫ِنا يَ ْع ُم ُر َم َس‬
‫ِك أَن يَ ُكونُوا ْ مِ َن ْال ُ ْهتَدِ ي َن‬
َ ‫َف َع َسى أ ُ ْولَئ‬
The mosques of Allah are only to be maintained by those who believe in Allah
41

and the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakah and do not fear except
Allah, for it is expected that those will be of the [rightly] guided. [9:18]
12- Friday prayer: Friday prayer is very important for each Muslim because it is
their weekly salat and it is a blessing that Allah  bestowed on Muslims.
Allah  said:
ِ َّ ‫اس َع ْوا ِإلَى ذِ ْك ِر‬

‫الل َو َذ ُروا الْ َبيْ َع َذ ِل ُك ْم َخيْ ٌر‬ ْ ‫ال ُم َعةِ َف‬ َّ ‫يَا أَ ُّي َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ِإ َذا نُودِ ي ل‬
ُ ْ ‫ِلصال ِة مِ ن يَ ْو ِم‬
‫َّل ُك ْم إِن ُكنتُ ْم تَ ْعل َ ُمو َن‬
O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the
day of Jumu‘ah [Friday], then proceed to the remembrance of Allah and
leave trade. That is better for you, if you only knew. [62:9]
- One should give no excuses for not attending Friday prayer except sickness
or traveling.
- A Muslim should take a bath, clean his teeth with siwak and use a perfume
if it is available(not for women).
- One should arrive on time to the mosque
،‫ وقفت املالئكة على باب املسجد‬،‫ «إذا كان يوم اجلمعة‬: ‫ قال رسول اهلل‬:‫ قال‬ ‫عن أبي هريرة‬
،ً‫ثم كبشا‬، ‫ ثم كالذي يهدي بقرة‬،‫املبكر) كمثل الذي يهدي بدنة‬:‫ ومثل امل ُ َه ِّجر ( أي‬،‫يكتبون األول فاألول‬
‫ ويستمعون الذكر» متفق عليه‬، ‫ فإذا خرج اإلمام طووا صحفهم‬،‫ ثم بيضة‬،‫ثم دجاجة‬
“When it is Friday, the angels stand at the gate of the Masjid and keep on
writing the names of the persons who came to the Masjid in succession
according to their arrivals. The example of the one who enters the Masjid in
the earliest hour is that of one offering a camel (in sacrifice). The one coming
42

next is like one offering a cow and then a ram and then a chicken and then an
egg respectively. When Imam comes out (for Juma’a prayer) they (i.e angels)
fold their papers and listen to the khutbah.” Agreed upon
- Then one should pray two rakah and listen attentively to the khutba for this
is the entire purpose of the gathering. Talking to others to make them quiet is
not allowed, even playing with anything like the carpet or texting messages.
- Angels pay attention to the khutbah,and believers should likewise do the
same.
43

8 Adaab of Visiting
‫آداب الزيارة‬
Muslims are encouraged to spend time with each other . The visiting of a Muslim
to his Muslim brother is one of the obligations of Islam. Visiting elders, relatives,
friends, teachers and neighbors whether they are Muslims or non-Muslims are
deeply encouraged in Islam.
‫ رد السالم وعيادة املريض واتباع اجلنائز وإجابة الدعوة‬:‫«حق املسلم على املسلم خمس‬
‫وتشميت العاطس» بخاري ومسلم‬
“The rights of a Muslim upon another Muslim are five: replying to his greetings;
visiting the one who is ill; following the funeral procession; responding to his
invitation and responding to him when sneezes.” Bukhari and Muslim
Adaab for guests:

1- One should inform his host of the visit in advance. He should choose the
suitable time and stick to his appointment.
Allah  said about entering houses of others:
‫وها َحتَّى يُ ْؤ َذ َن لَ ُك ْم َوإِن قِ ي َل لَ ُك ُم ا ْر ِج ُعوا َفا ْر ِج ُعوا ُه َو أَ ْز َكى‬

َ ُ ‫ت ُدوا فِ ي َها أَ َح ًدا َفال تَ ْدخُ ل‬
ِ َ ‫َف ِإن َّل ْم‬
‫با تَ ْع َملُو َن َعلِي ٌم‬ ُ َّ
َ ِ ‫لَ ُك ْم َوالل‬
And if you do not find anyone therein, do not enter them until permission has
44

been given you. And if it is said to you, “Go back,” then go back; it is purer for
you. And Allah is Knowing of what you do. [24:28]
2- One should sit where the host requests to sit, he should control his eyes and
respect the rights of privacy by avoiding inspecting every corner of the house.
3- One should seek the permission of his host if he needs any place in his
house like going to the toilet, want to pray, to use the telephone, etc. At the
same time, he should avoid burdening the host with many requests.
4- One should be considerable during his visit whether in choosing the topics
of conversation and avoid humiliating or embarrassing the host.
5- It is from good adaab for the guest to eat from the food the host serves unless
it haram. ( forbidden in Islam ) .
6- If possible the guest brings a gift with him as it shows compassion and
increases love.
َ َ ‫«تَ َها َد ْوا‬

‫تابُّوا‏»‏ مالك‬
“Give gifts to each other as this will make you love one another.” Malik
7- In Islam a guest is only a guest for three days, after that he is not consider a
guest anymore. So after three days have passes, the obligation of honoring the
guest is removed. Anything above three days from the host will be considered
a charitable gift.
8- It is important to teach children the Islamic Adaab of visiting and how to
show respect for the houses that are visited.
45

Adaab for hosts:
1- The host should greet his guests, receiving them cheerfully and in a
hospitable way and be properly dressed.
2- The host should be generous to his guests, yet not excessively because
excessiveness is not of Sunnah, at the same time he should not force his
visitors to eat.
Abu Hurairah  narrated:
َّ َ‫ َو َم ْن َكا َن يُؤْمِ ُن ِبا‬،‫لل َوالْيوم ْال ِخ ِر َفلْي ُق ْل َخيرا أَو ِليصم ْت‬
‫لل َوالْيَ ْو ِم ْال ِخ ِر َفلْيُ ْك ِر ْم‬ َّ َ‫« َم ْن َكا َن يُؤْمِ ُن ِبا‬
ُ ْ َ ْ ًْ َ ِْ َ
‫ بخاري ومسلم‬.»ُ‫ضيْ َفه‬ َّ َ‫ َو َم ْن َكا َن يُؤْمِ ُن ِبا‬،ُ‫جاره‬
َ ‫لل َوالْيَ ْو ِم ْال ِخ ِر َفلْيُ ْك ِر ْم‬ َ َ
“He who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain
silent, and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day , let him show his
hospitality to his neighbor, and he who believes in Allah and the Last Day, let
him show hospitality to his guest.” Bukhari & Muslim
3- One should be kind to his guests by avoiding asking them to help him with
housework.
Visiting the sick

Visiting the sick is a right of a Muslim upon his Muslim brother because it
nourishes and strengthens the bond of brotherhood among them on one hand
and it has a great reward from Allah  .
»ً‫النَّةِ َمن ِْزال‬
َ ْ ‫اك َوتَ َب َّوأْ َت مِ َن‬
َ ‫م َش‬ َ ‫الس َماءِ ِطبْ َت َو َط‬
ْ َ ‫اب‬ َّ ‫يضا نَا َدى ُمن ٍَاد مِ َن‬
ً ‫‏« َم ْن َعا َد َم ِر‬
‫الترمذي وابن ماجه‬
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‫“‏‬Whoever visits a sick person, an angel calls out from the sky: you have done
well. Your walking is also good and have built yourself a place in Jannah.”
Tirmithi & Ibn Majah
1- One should have intention (niyyah) when visiting a sick person for Allah’s
sake or to strengthen the ties of kins ,and the bond between the believers.
2- Choosing the suitable time of visiting and avoiding time of meals and sleeping.
If in the hospital, the visit should be during visiting hours.
3- One should give the sick person some kind of encouragement and glad
tidings of well-being and recovery. In other words he should dispel his worries
by mentioning positive words like “Don’t worry, you’ll get better, Allah give you
good health” for this will bring happiness to him.
4- Making dua’a for the sick person. Prophet Mohammad  used to make this
dua’a:
‫ال شفاء إال شفاؤك شفاء‬، ‫ واشف أنت الشافي‬،‫ أذهب الباس‬، ‫«اللهم رب الناس‬
‫ال يغادر سقماً» متفق عليه‬
“O Allah, the Lord of mankind remove the disease and cure (him or her). You
are the great Curer. There is no cure but through you which leaves behind no
disease.” Agreed upon
5- One should not stay long with the sick person in order not to bother him.
6- One should remind the sick person about the virtues of patience, and that
Allah will soon relieve him of the test.
Adaab of a congratulatory visit:

A Muslim congratulates his brother when good things happen to him such as
47

marriage, a new born baby, success, is saved from a calamity, return of a dear
member of a family, Eid or coming from Hajj. One should show happiness and
joy and bring a gift if possible and say things like:
For new baby:
»‫«بورك لك في املوهوب وشكرت الواهب ورزقت بره وبلغ أشده‬

“May Allah bless you with His gift for you, and may you give thanks for
Allah, and may you be granted its righteousness and may it reach the
maturity of years.”
For newlyweds:
‫«بارك اهلل لك وبارك عليك وجمع بينكما في خير» الترمذي‬

“May Allah bless you, send down his blessings upon you, and unite
you both in goodness.” Tirmithi
For Eids
“Eid Mubarak” or “May Allah accept your righteous deeds.”
Adaab of offering condolences

1- The condolence makes the pain of the affected person less and it calms him
down and lessens his grief. It also encourages him to have patience.
‫«من عزى مصاباً فله أجره» الترمذي وابن ماجه‬
“He who condolences an affected person has the same
rewards of him.” Tirmithi & Ibn Majah
48

2- If a Muslim find about the death of someone close to him like a relative,
friend or a neighbor, then he is obliged to visit his family to console them for
their pain and he should never delay in offering condolences for more than
three days.
3- Muslim men should attend the funeral and the burial at the cemetery of the
dead person.
4- One can express his condolences by saying a prayer for the dead that
emphasizes the parting was Allah’s will by saying:
ِ َّ ِ ‫‏ إ َّنا‬
ِ ‫ل َو ِإ َّنا ِإلَيْهِ َر‬
‫اج ُعو َن‬
“To Allah we belong and to Him we return.”
ِ َّ ‫ل َما أَ َخ َذ َولَ ُه َما أَ ْع َطى َو ُك ُّل َش ْىءٍ ِعنْ َد‬

‫»‏‏‬.‫الل ِب َأ َج ٍل ُم َس ًّمى‬ ِ َّ ِ ‫«إ َِّن‬
“Indeed! Whatever Allah gives or takes belongs to Him and
everything is predestined by Him.”
5- It is desirable that relatives and friends offer food to the family of the dead
person because they are busy in receiving people.
When Ja’far bin Abi Talib was martyred in the Battle of Mu’tah, Prophet
Mohammad  said:
‫ َف َق ْد أَتَا ُه ْم َما يَ ْش َغل ُ ُه ْم» الترمذي‬،‫«اصنَ ُعوا ِللِ َج ْع َف ٍر َط َعا ًما‬

ْ
“Prepare food for the family of Ja’far for they are
preoccupied today.” Tirmithi
49

9 Adaab of Gathering and Greeting
‫آداب املجالس والتحية‬
The two types of gathering people are usually conduct are either in public
which are held in mosques and public halls, or private gatherings which are
held in private places like houses or diwaniyas.
Adaab related to gatherings:

1- One should sit with righteous and virtuous people. He should avoid the
company of wicked people with bad manners.
‫ فلينظر أحدكم من يخالل» أبو داود والترمذى‬، ‫«الرجل على دين خليله‬
“A friend is likely to follow the faith of his friend, so look whom you befriend.”
Abu Dawood & Tirmithi
2- It is proper to ask for permission before entering any gathering if it is held in a
private place like a house. However, if it is held in a public place, then permission
is not needed.
Allah  says:
‫ِسوا َوت َُسلِّ ُموا َعلَى أَ ْه ِل َها َذ ِل ُك ْم‬

ُ ‫يَا أَ ُّي َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ال تَ ْدخُ لُوا بُيُوتًا َغيْ َر بُيُو ِت ُك ْم َحتَّى ت َْستَ ْأن‬
‫َخيْ ٌر َّل ُك ْم لَ َعلَّ ُك ْم تَ َذ َّك ُرو َن‬
50

O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own houses
until you ascertain welcome and greet their inhabitants. That is best for you;
perhaps you will be reminded. [24:27]
3- One who enters any gathering, should greet people then sit at the end of
the gathering. He should not make somebody else stand up and then take his
place. He should avoid sitting between two people without getting first their
permission.
‫«ال يحل لرجل أن يفرق بني اثنني إال بإذنهما» أبو داود‬
“It is not allowed for a person to separate between two people except by their
permission.” Abu Dawood
If one leaves his place, then comes back to it, he has the right to sit in it. One
should avoid sitting in the middle of the gathering.
‫«لعن من جلس وسط احللقة» أبو داود والترمذي‬

“He is cursed who sits in the middle of the circle (of a gathering).”
Abu Dawood & Tirmithi
4- One should be kind and compassionate and offer help to others whenever
he can. He should avoid mocking others, or making fun of their appearances,
accents or manners.
5- Alady should take care of herself and her appearance whether in public or
private gatherings.
51

6- A Muslim should sit quietly. He should avoid playing with his beard or his
ring as well as picking his teeth or his nose. He should not spit or grunt or
yawn often.
7- One should listen to others who speak without interrupting their speech.
If he wants to speak, he should use direct language, limit his words to the
necessary and avoid using harmful bad words or backbiting. He should seek
the truth in his talk and respect the elderly and the scholars.
8- If the gathering consists of three persons, two should not speak by whispering
to each other, nor should ask the third one to leave, or speak in a language
which the third person does not understand. This causes distress to him.
‫» البخاري‬.‫«إذا كنتم ثالثة فال يتناجى رجالن دون اآلخر حتى تختلطوا بالناس من أجل أن ذلك يحزنه‬
“If you were three, then do not whisper between the two of you
ignoring the third till the number increases. This is because
whispering will sadden him.” Bukhari
9- If a person wants to sit in the pathways, he must lower his gaze, avoid
looking at women who pass by or might be at their doors. He should avoid
harming anyone either by his tongue like cursing or rebuking them or by his
hand by striking someone or stealing.”
10-One should order what is good and forbid what is evil because ordering
what is good is an obligation upon every Muslim. An example of ordering
what is good is that when the call to prayer is given, he must order those
who sees or sitting with him to the prayer. One must forbid every evil that
he witnesses.
52

‫«من رأي منكم منكراً فليغيره» مسلم‬

“Whoever of you sees an evil must change it.” Muslim
An example of forbidding the evil is that if one sees a person striking another,
he should stop that evil deed to the best of his ability.
11- Upon the conclusion of the gathering. One should say the supplication of
the forgiveness
».‫ أشهد أن ال إله إال أنت أستغفرك وأتوب إليك‬،‫«سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك‬
“Glory be to You, O Allah, and to You is the Praise. I bear witness that none is
worthy of worship except You. I seek Your forgiveness and I repent to You.”
Adaab of Islamic greeting

1- Allah  commanded us to spread the greeting of “salaam”.
Allah  says:
‫ِسوا َوت َُسلِّ ُموا َعلَى أَ ْه ِل َها َذ ِل ُك ْم‬

ُ ‫يَا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ال تَ ْدخُ لُوا بُيُوتًا َغيْ َر بُيُو ِت ُك ْم َحتَّى ت َْستَ ْأن‬
‫َخيْ ٌر َّل ُك ْم لَ َعلَّ ُك ْم تَ َذ َّك ُرو َن‬
O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own houses
until you ascertain welcome and greet their inhabitants. That is best for you;
perhaps you will be reminded. [24:27]
The complete form of the Islamic greeting is “Assalam alaikom wa Rahmatullahi wa
barakatuh”. And the complete answer is “Wa alaikom assalam wa Rahmatullahi
53

wabarakatuh. However, one can say only “Assalam alaikom” and that will be
enough .
2- Scholars have agreed that starting with “salaam” is highly recommended.
And responding is obligatory.
Allah  says:
َ َّ ‫وها إ َِّن‬
‫الل َكا َن َعلَى ُك ِّل َش ْيءٍ َح ِسي ًبا‬ َ ‫َو ِإ َذا ُح ِّييتُم ِبت َِح َّي ٍة َف َح ُّيوا ْ ِب َأ ْح َس َن مِ نْ َها أَ ْو ُر ُّد‬
And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet [in return] with one
better than it or [at least] return it [in a like manner]. Indeed, Allah is
ever, over all things, an Accountant. [4-86]
3- It is enough for one to say the Islamic greeting to a group and it is enough
one of the group to return it.
4- The one who comes, greets the Muslims that are already present.
5- The one who is riding, greets the one who is walking.
6- The one who is walking, greets the one who is sitting.
7- The one who initiates salaam, obtains great reward.
8- When replying to the salaam of a person, the salaam should be made
verbally, not by a sign of the hand or a nod of the head.
9- The smaller group greets the bigger group.
10- The young greet the elder
54

‫ والقليل على الكثير» البخاري ومسلم‬،‫ واملاشي على القاعد‬،‫«يسلم الراكب على املاشي‬
“A rider should greet a pedestrian, a pedestrian should greet one who is sitting,
and a small party should greet a large party.” Bukhari & Muslim
11- It is Sunnah for adults to offer salaam to children in order to teach them the
proper greeting manners and to build self-esteem. The companion Anas bin
Malik  reported that the Prophet  used to offer salaam to the youth when
he passed by them.
12- Part of adaab of greeting is to shake hands with a person.
‫» أبو داود‬.‫«ما من مسل َمني يلتقيان فيتصافحان إال غفر لهما قبل أن يتفرقا‬
“There are not two Muslims who meet and shake each other’s hand except that
they are forgiven before they separate from each other.” Abu Dawood
13- There is nothing wrong with a man to greet a group of women or a woman
but without shaking hands with her.
Asmaa bint Yazeed ‫ رضي هللا عنها‬narrated :
‫ أبو داود‬.‫ مر علينا في نسوة فسلم علينا‬ ‫أن النبي‬

“ The Prophet passed by us women and he greeted us with
salaam.” Abu Dawood
55

Review Questions 3
Fill in the spaces:
1- In Islam, hosting the guest is for _________________ days, after that he is
not consider a guest anymore .
2- Visiting sick people in the hospital should be during visiting
_________________ .
3- During _________________ of Friday, one is not allowed to take or engage
himself in playing with things.
4- One should avoid sitting in the _________________ of the gathering.
5- Asking Allah  to forgive the dead parents is an act of _________________ to
them.
6- Starting with “Salaam” is highly recommended but responding is
_________________.
True or false
1- ( ) A Muslim should avoid running to catch up a rakah in a masjid.

2- ( ) It is the right of a Muslim upon another to visit the one who is ill.
3- ( ) A Muslim should greet only those people whom he knows.
It is recommended for ladies to attend the funeral and burial of the
4- ( )
dead person.
No excuse a male Muslim should give for not attending Friday prayer
5- ( )
except sickness or travelling
If the gathering consists of three persons, two are allowed to whisper
6- ( )
to each other.
56

1- Khutbah ( ) Forbidden
2- Dua’a ( ) Temptation
3- Haram ( ) Supplication
4- Niyyah ( ) Intention
5- Fitnah ( ) The address delivered in the mosque on Friday
Choose the correct answer :
1- On entering a masjid, what should a Muslim do before he sits down?
a- He should recite Qur’an
b- He should pray two rakahs
c- He should stand near a pillar and supplicate to Allah 
2- The host should :
a- Greet his guests and receive them warmly
b- Ask them to help him with housework
c- Force his visitors to eat from the food he serves
3- If one passes a group of people who is sitting,
a- He should initiate “Salaam” verbally
b- They should initiate “Salaam”
c- It is enough for him to greet them by a sign of the hand or a nod of the
head
Write only three of the rights of a Muslim upon another Muslim:
1- ________________________________________________________
2- ________________________________________________________
3- ________________________________________________________
57

10 Adaab of Eating and Drinking
‫آداب الطعام والشراب‬
Allah  has given us through His Messenger Mohammad  a good example of
how one should eat. When we eat with the intention of following the Prophet’s
 sunnah, we will earn rewards because any action done with this intention in
mind becomes as act of worship.
Adaab of eating and drinking:

1- One’s earning should be halal .
2- One should make his food and drink pure by preparing them from the
permissible pure sources and avoiding any forbidden things.
3- It is sunnah to eat only when one is hungry. One should eat in moderation
avoiding excessive eating.
Allah  says:

‫ني‬
O children of Adam, take your adornment at every masjid, and eat and drink,
but be not excessive. Indeed, He likes not those who commit excess. [7: 31]
‫ فإن كان ال محالة‬،‫ بحسب ابن آدم أكالت يقمن صلبه‬,‫«ما مأل آدمي وعا ًء شراً من بطنه‬
58

‫» الترمذي‬.‫فثلث لطعامه وثلث لشرابه وثلث لنفسه‬
“Man does not fill a container worse than his stomach. Merely a few
morsels are sufficient for him to keep his back straight. If he cannot do
so, then he should keep one-third of his stomach for food, one third
for water, one third for air.” Tirmithi
4- Washing one’s hands before and after eating is from hygienic mannars.
5- Saying “Bismillah” before eating or drinking. If one forgets to mention Allah’s
name at the beginning of eating, he must say upon remembering: “Bismillah
awalihi wa akhirihi” (I begin with the name of Allah at the beginning and at
the end.)
6- One should eat with his right hand and eat what is close to him.
Once Prophet Mohammad  advised a young boy saying:
‫» متفق عليه‬.‫«يا غالم سم اهلل وكل بيمينك وكل مما يليك‬

“O young boy, say: “Bismillah”, eat with your right hand and eat from
what is directly in front of you.” Agreed Upon
7- It is forbidden to eat while reclining or lying down or lying on one’s stomach.
8- One should not criticize food. If he does not like it, he should leave it.
Abu Huraira  narrated:
‫» البخاري‬.‫ إن اشتهاه أكله وإن كرهه تركه‬،‫«ما عاب النبي طعاماً قط‬
“The Prophet  never criticized any food, but, he used to eat it if he liked
it, and leave it if he disliked it.” Bukhari
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9- Eating together in groups is Sunnah and it is a cause of Barakah (blessing) in
the meal.
Wahsh bin Harb  narrated:
»‫ «جتتمعون على طعامكم أو تتفرقون؟‬ ‫ إنا نأكل وال نشبع ! قال‬،‫«قالوا (الصحابة) يا رسول اهلل‬
‫» صحيح ابن حبان‬.‫ يبارك لكم فيه‬،‫قالوا نتفرق قال «اجتمعوا على طعامكم واذكروا اسم اهلل‬
“The companions of the Prophet  said: ‘O Prophet of Allah, we eat but
are not satisfied, the Prophet  said: You may be eating separately, they
said: “Yes”. The Messenger of Allah  said: ‘eat together and recite
Bismillah, your food will be blessed.” Sahih Hibban
Prophet Mohammad  also said:
‫«اجتمعوا على طعامكم يبارك لكم فيه» أحمد‬

“Eat your food together for you will thereby be blessed in it.” Ahmad
10- It is forbidden to eat or drink in utensils that are made from gold or silver
such as forks, spoons, knives, and plates, or using sweet boxes made of
gold and silver in which are offered in weddings and the like.
11-It is recommended not to drink a glass of water or any liquid at once. The
sunnah is to drink it in two or three sips.
‫«ال تشربوا واحداً كشرب البعير ولكن اشربوا مثنى وثالث وسموا إذا شربتم‬
‫واحمدوا إذا أنتم رفعتم» الترمذي‬
“Do not drink water in one gulp (or one breath) like a camel, but take
60

it in two or three installments (with break for breath) say the name of
Allah when you start drinking and praise Him when you finish.” Tirmithi
12- One should thank Allah  at the end of the meal by saying “praise be to
Allah”. One may add this dua’a
‫«احلمد هلل الذي أطعمني هذا ورزقنيه من غير حول مني وال قوة» أبو داود‬
“Praise be to Allah who has fed me this food and provided it for me without any
strength or power on my part.”
13- It is permissible for a Muslim to eat foods from people of the Book
(Christian and Jews) as long as it is not unlawful like pork or wine.
Allah  says:
َ ‫ات َو َط َعا ُم ا َّلذِ ي َن أُوتُوا ْ الْكِ ت‬

‫َاب ِح ٌّل َّل ُك ْم َو َط َعا ُم ُك ْم ِح ُّل َّل ُه ْم‬ َّ ‫الْ َي ْو َم أ ُ ِح َّل لَ ُك ُم‬
ُ ‫الط ِّي َب‬
This day [all] good foods have been made lawful, and the food of those who
were given the Scripture is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them. [5:5]
14- Wasting food is condemned. One should buy and cook only quantity he
can consume and avoid throwing the leftover away. Any leftover or surplus
food should be distributed to the needy and charity centers. What we see
in parties when some people take more food than required and leave food
in their plates which will inevitably be thrown away is not recommended
act. They should take only small amounts of food and if they require more,
they can take more later.
15- One should share his food with his neighbors.
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11 Adaab of Relieving Oneself
‫آداب قضاء احلاجة‬
Islam commands Muslims to purify themselves from all kinds of impurities.
Reliving oneself, though it seems a minor act but it implies much about personal
hygiene and religious observance.
Adaab of relieving oneself

1- Islam forbids urinating or defecating in public places where people might
pass by or seek shade like parks or roads.
‫ الذي يتخلى في طريق‬:‫ وما اللّعانان يا رسول اهلل ؟ قال‬:‫«اتقوا اللّعانني قالوا‬
‫الناس أو في ظلهم» مسلم‬
“Fear the two things that bring curses. ‘They asked, what are the
two things that bring curses, O Messenger of Allah?’ He said: ‘When
a person relieves himself in the road where people walk or in the
place where they seek shade.’ Muslim
Also it is forbidden to urinate in water sources.
2- One must conceal himself from the sight of others when answering the call
of nature. If a person is in an open area and cannot find anything to conceal
himself, he should move away from public sight. If he is indoors he must
make sure that he has closed the door.
62

3- If one is out in an open space, such as the desert, he must not relieve himself
in a hole, as he may either harm creatures that live in holes in the ground or be
harmed by them. He should avoid urinating in stagnant water.
4- One must take great care to avoid the splash-back of urine, both on himself
and his clothes. If urine or stool touches some part of body or clothes, he
should wash them thoroughly.
Prophet Mohammad  passed by two graves and said:
‫ أما أحدهما فكان ال يستتر من بوله وأما اآلخر‬:‫«إنهما ليعذبان وما يعذبان في كبير‬
‫فكان ميشي بالنميمة» متفق عليه‬
“Indeed they are being punished, but for something which seemed
trivial to them. One of them used not to keep himself clean from
the remains of urine and the other used to walk about spreading
malicious gossip.” Agreed Upon
5- One should enter the bathroom with his left foot. Before entering he should
say:
َ ْ ‫لبُ ِث َو‬
‫البَائ ِِث» النسائي‬ َ ‫ اَللَّ ُه َّم ِإ ِّني أَ ُعو ُذ ب‬.‫«بسم اهلل‬
ُ ْ َ‫ِك مِ ْن ا‬
“Bismillah O Allah I seek refuge with You from male and
female devils.” Nasa’i
He should leave the bathroom with his right foot saying:
‫«غفرانك» أبو داود‬

“I seek Your forgiveness.” Abu Dawood
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6- Out of respect if one wants to relieve himself in an open air he should not face
the Qiblah or turn his back towards it, he should face east or west. However,
there is no harm to do so in buildings, such as in present-day toilets.
7- It is disliked to speak while relieving oneself unnecessarily.
8- One should avoid entering toilets with a Mushaf (Book of Quran) or anything
that has the name of Allah  like a ring or a necklace.
9- One should not touch his private parts with his right hand.
10- Once a person has relieved himself, he must clean himself with water and
soap if needed.
Istinja’a ‫استنجاء‬: cleaning the private parts thoroughly with water. If water is not
available, he cleans himself three times with anything that would serve the
purpose such as toilet tissue or stones.
This act is called istijmaar ‫ استجمار‬in Arabic .
11- One should wash his hands with water and soap after relieving himself.
64

12 Adaab of Sleeping
‫آداب النوم‬
Sleeping is a blessing from Allah  that we do not often reflect upon. Sleeping
is a sign of the power of Allah  .
Allah  says:
ٍ َ‫ِك َلي‬
‫ات ِّل َق ْو ٍم يَ ْس َم ُعو َن‬ َ ‫ضلِهِ إ َِّن فِ ي َذل‬
ْ ‫َومِ ْن آيَاتِهِ َمنَا ُم ُكم بِاللَّيْلِ َوال َّن َه ِار َوابْ ِت َغا ُؤ ُكم ِّمن َف‬
And of His signs is your sleep by night and day and your seeking of His
bounty. Indeed in that are signs for a people who listen. [30: 23]
Islamic Adaab related to sleeping:
1- One should sleep early and should not stay up late unless there is some
necessity to do so like studying, receiving a guest… etc.
2- It is Sunnah that one makes ablution (wudhu) before he sleeps.
Al Bara’ bin Azib  said that Prophet Mohammad  said:
َ ‫ِلص‬
‫ال ِة ‏» بخاري ومسلم‬ َّ ‫ضو َء َك ل‬ ِ ‫« ِإ َذا أَتَيْ َت مضجعك َط‬
ُ ‫اه ًرا‏ فتَ َو َّض ْأ ُو‬
“When you come to your bed, make ablution, the same
ablution for prayer.” Bukhari & Muslim
3- It is Sunnah to shake off the bed three times before one sleeps.
65

‫«إذا أوى أحدكم إلى فراشه فلينفض فراشه بداخلة إزاره فإنه ال يدري ما خلفه عليه» البخاري‬
“When one of you goes to his bed let him clear his bed by shaking it off with
his garment for he does not know what may have onto it.” Bukhari
4- One should sleep in a clean and safe place.
5- Making a prayer (dua’a) before going to sleep:
One should say any of the following dua’a:
»‫«بإسمك اللهم أموت وأحيا‬

“O Allah, in Your name, I live and in Your name I die.” Bukhari
»‫«اللهم إني أسلمت نفسي إليك وفوضت أمري إليك وأجلأت ظهري إليك أستغفرك و أتوب إليك‬
“O Allah, I have submitted myself to You and have entrusted my affairs
to You and have committed my back to You. I seek your forgiveness
and I repent to You.” Bukhari
One can recite Ayatul Kursi, Suratul Ikhlas, Suratul Falaq, Suratun
Naas three times to get protection of Allah 
One can say any of the following words of remembrance like Tasbeeh,
Tahmeed and Takbeer thirty times for each, then he should say:
»‫«ال إله إال اهلل وحده ال شريك له له امللك وله احلمد وهو على كل شيء قدير‬
“There is no one worthy of worship except Allah, the One Who has no partner,
to Him is the Dominion and the Praise and He has Power over all things.”
66

6- One should start sleeping on his right side then he can turn to the left side.
He should avoid sleeping on his stomach because Prophet Mohammad 
said:
‫«إنها ضجعة أهل النار» ابن ماجه‬

“It is the way of lying down (sleeping) of the people of the fire.” Ibn Majah
7- If one wakes from his sleep during night, he should say:
‫ سبحان اهلل‬،‫«ال إله إال اهلل وحده ال شريك له له امللك وله احلمد وهو على كل شيء قدير‬
« ‫وال إله إال اهلل واحلمداهلل أكبر وال حول وال قوة إال باهلل‬
“There is none worthy of worshipping except Allah, the One without
any partner. For Him is the Dominion and for Him is the Praise. He
has power over all things. Glory be to Allah. All Praise be to Allah.
There is none worthy of worship except Allah. Allah is the greatest.
There is no power or might except in Allah.
And if he gets up and makes ablution and prays, his prayer is accepted.
8- It is recommended (but not required) to do Tahajjud prayer which is special
prayer done after Isha prayer and before Fajr prayer and it is most desirable
to perform it between midnight and Fajr prayer preferably the last third of the
night.
9- If one has a dream that he likes, he should thank Allah  for it and narrate it
to others, and if he sees a dream which he does not like, he should spit on
his left side three times. Seek refuge with Allah  from Shaitan three times.
He should not mention it to anybody then it will not harm him.
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10- When one wakes up and before he gets up from his bed, he should say:
‫«احلمد هلل الذي أحيانا بعدما أماتنا وإليه النشور ‏» البخاري‬

“Praise be to Allah Who gave us life after our death, and to Him is the
resurrection.” Bukhari
11- One should pray Fajr prayer on time and before sunrise.
12- A Muslim adjust his lifestyle to that of his daily obligatory prayers. One
should not plan his meetings, meal-time, or even sleep during the time of
prayers.
68

13 Adaab of Clothing
‫آداب اللباس‬
Clothing is one of Allah’s  blessings for His slaves. It covers the body against
cold, heat and harm as well as it covers the parts of the body which must be
covered in public.
Allah  says:
َ ‫ِك َخيْ ٌر َذل‬

ِ َ‫ِك مِ ْن آي‬
‫ات‬ َ ‫اس ال َّت ْق َو َى َذل‬
ُ َ‫يشا َو ِلب‬ ً َ‫يَا بَنِي آ َد َم َق ْد أَن َزلْنَا َعلَيْ ُك ْم ِلب‬
ً ‫اسا يُ َو ِاري َس ْوآ ِت ُك ْم َو ِر‬
ِ َّ
‫الل لَ َعلَّ ُه ْم يَ َّذ َّك ُرو َن‬
O children of Adam, We have bestowed upon you clothing to conceal your
private parts and as adornment. But the clothing of righteousness – that is
best. That is from the signs of Allah that perhaps they will remember. [7:26]
Adaab regarding clothing

1- Islam considers all types of clothing lawful as long as they do not exceed the
bounds set by its teachings.
2- One should dress neatly, maintaining cleanliness and a nice smell as well as
elegance especially when he meets people or when performing prayers.
Allah  says:

‫ني‬
69

O children of Adam, take your adornment at every masjid, and eat and drink,
but be not excessive. Indeed, He likes not those who commit excess. [7:31]
3- A Muslim should be very careful in choosing the right clothes because
dressing reveals the personality of the person.
4- It is Sunnah that when one is dressed or wearing his shoes to begin from the
right side and when taking off to begin from the left side. Upon wearing a
new clothing, Prophet Mohammad  used to say:
َ ‫ص ِن َع لَ ُه َوأَ ُعو ُذ ب‬
‫ِك مِ ْن َش ِّر ِه َو َش ِّر‬ ُ ‫ال ْم ُد أَنْ َت َك َس ْوتَنِيهِ أَ ْس َألُ َك َخيْ َرهُ َو َخيْ َر َما‬
َ ْ ‫«اللَّ ُه َّم لَ َك‬
‫ص ِن َع لَ ُه»‏ أبو داود‬ ُ ‫َما‬
“O Allah, to You is the Praise. You are the One Who clothed me by it. I ask You
for its good and the good of what it was made for. And I seek refuge in You
from evil and the evil of what it was made for.” Abu Dawood
5- Standard of modesty for both men and women.
For men:
a- Men have to cover the area between the navel and the knee
b- Pure silk clothing or clothing adorned with gold or silk are prohibited for
men. Anything silver is allowed.
‫وأحل إلناثهم»‏ الترمذي‬، ‫«‏حرم لباس احلرير والذهب على ذكور أمتي‬
‫“‏‬Wearing silk and gold is forbidden for the males of my nation and
permissible for its females.” Tirmithi
70

c- Islam is against trailing one’s lower garment on the ground out of arrogance
and pride.
َّ ‫‏«الَ يَن ُْظر‬
‫اللُ إِلى من جر ثوبه خيالء» البخاري ومسلم‬ ُ
“Allah does not look at the one who trails his lower garment out of
arrogance.” Bukhari & Muslim
For women:
a- Women who are in the presence of non-Mahram men must cover all their
bodies except for their faces and hands.
Allah  says:
‫ِك أَ ْدنَى أَن‬

َ ‫ني َعلَيْهِ َّن مِ ن َجالبِيبِهِ َّن َذل‬ َ ‫ِساء ْالُؤْمِ ِن‬
َ ‫ني يُ ْد ِن‬ َ ‫ِك َون‬ ِ ‫يَا أَ ُّي َها ال َّنب ُِّي ُقل ِّلَ ْز َو‬
َ ‫اج َك َوبَنَات‬
‫اللُ َغفُو ًرا َّر ِحي ًما‬َّ ‫يُعر ْف َن َفال يُ ْؤ َذيْ َن َو َكا َن‬
َْ
O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the
believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments.
That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever
is Allah Forgiving and Merciful. [33:59]
This verse shows that wearing modest clothes stands as a barrier to stop the
evil of men’s eyes and women can avoid chances of disgrace.
b- The woman’s clothing should be simple and not excessively fancy.
She should avoid showing her beauty or adornment in the presence of
non-Mahram men.
71

c- Her clothing should not reveal her body. Even though they are full, they
must be thick so as not to show the color of the skin. They must be loose
enough so as not to describe the shape of her body. Tight clothes are not
allowed in Islam.
Wearing short, tight, thin clothes is a great sin. Women, who dress up like this,
will not be able to even smell the fragrance of Jannah.
ِ «
‫ ونساء‬،‫ قوم معهم سياط كأذناب البقر يضربون بها الناس‬:‫‏صنفان من أهل النار لم أرهما‏‏‬
‫ وال يجدن‬،‫ رءوسهن كأسنمة البخت املائلة ال يدخلن اجلنة‬،‫كاسيات عاريات مميالت مائالت‬
‫ وإن ريحها ليوجد من مسيرة كذا وكذا» مسلم‬،‫ريحها‬
Abu Hurairah  reported that the Messenger of Allah  said:
“There are two types of the people of Hell whom I have not seen. People
with whips like the tails of an ox with which they strike the people, and
women who are clothed yet naked, who are seduced (to wrong paths) and
seduce others, they dress up their hair high like humps of camels swing
while walking. These women will not get into Paradise, and they will not
smell the fragrance of Paradise, although its fragrance can be perceived
from such and such distance (from very far distance). Muslim
Humps of camel: wearing the hair up and filling it with a stuff so as to look high
like the hump of a camel, so as to attract attention.
d- Avoid wearing make-up or putting on perfume that attracts the attention
of men.
6- It is strictly prohibited to imitate the clothes of the opposite sex.
72

َ ِ‫ واملرأة تلبس لبسة الرجل كما لعن ْالُت ََش ِّبه‬، ‫«لَ َع َن اهلل الرجل يلبس لبسة املرأة‬
ِ‫ني مِ َن ال ِّر َجال‬
ِ ‫بِال ِّن َساءِ َولَ َع َن ْالُت ََش ِّب َه‬
‫‏» البخاري‬.‫ات مِ َن ال ِّن َساءِ بِال ِّر َجالِ‏‬
“Allah  curses the man who wears woman’s clothing and the woman
who wears man’s clothing. He also curses the men who imitate women
and the women who imitate men. Bukhari
7- It is prohibited to wear clothes of other religions such as clothes worn by
monks or priests or wearing clothes with a cross.
8- Avoiding extravagance in clothing i.e. spending much money on clothes and
this absolutely depends on the economic position of the person.
9- It is preferable that one donates his extra clothes to the needy families on
condition that those clothes are not over used clothes.
10- Avoid wearing religious symbols as a fashion statement.
11- One should not dress up to show off, rather a person needs to adopt the
middle path when it comes to dressing.
73

Review Questions 4
Fill in the spaces:
1- One should begin his eating by saying _________________ and end his meal
by saying _________________ .
2- Wearing _________________ and _________________ are forbidden for a
Muslim male.
3- Prophet Mohammad  never criticized any food, if he disliked it
he_________________ it.
4- Islam forbids to urinate in water _________________.
5- Wearing clothes of religious significance like clothes worn by monks or
those with a cross is _________________ .
6- A Muslim woman is _________________ to wear clothes that cover her all
body except face and hands.
True or false
1- ( ) One should avoid facing the Qiblah if he wants to relieve himself in
an open air..
2- ( ) It is not permissible for a Muslim to eat the food of the People of the
Book.
3- ( ) Tahjjud prayer is obligatory.
4- ( ) One earns rewards when he eats with the intention of following the
Prophet’s  Sunnah.
5- ( ) One can wear all types of clothing as long as they do not exceed
the bounds set by the teachings of Islam.
6- ( ) One should buy and cook only quantity he can consume because
excessive consuming is condemned in Islam.
74

1- Barakah ( ) Devil
2- Tahajjud ( ) Allah is greatest
3- Shaitan ( ) Special prayer done between Isha and Fajr prayer
4- Tasbeeh ( ) Blessing
1- Takbeer ( ) Glory to Allah
1- Eating or drinking in utensils made from gold or silvers is:
a. Permissible
b. Forbidden
c. Permissible
2- If one has a dream that he likes, should:
a. Gets form his bed and pray 2 rakahs
b. Spit on his left side 3 times, seek refuge with Allah  from Shaitan 3 times
and avoid mentioning it to others
c. Thank Allah  for it and narrate it to others
3- Imitating the clothes of the opposite sex is:
a. Permissible on occasions
b. Permissible
c. Strictly prohibited
The clothes of the Muslim woman should be:
1- ________________________________________________________
2- ________________________________________________________
3- ________________________________________________________
75

14 Adaab of Traveling
‫آداب السفر‬
Allah  command people to travel through the earth so they may contemplate
and meditate on His great signs and perfect creation and also getting to know
other people and their culture.
Allah  said:
َ َّ ‫اآلخرةَ إ َِّن‬ َّ ‫الل ْ َق ثُم‬
ِ ُ‫اللُ ي‬ َ ْ َ‫انظ ُروا َكيْ َف بَ َدأ‬ ِ ‫ُق ْل ِسي ُروا فِ ي األَ ْر‬
‫الل َعلَى‬ َ ِ َ‫نش ُئ الن َّْش َأة‬ َّ ُ ‫ض َف‬
‫ُك ِّل َش ْيءٍ َقدِ ي ٌر‬
Say, [O Muhammad], “Travel through the land and observe how He
began creation. Then Allah will produce the final creation. Indeed
Allah, over all things, is competent.” [29: 20]
The purposes of travel may be seeking knowledge, trade, tourism or visiting
relatives.
Adaab of travel in Islam:

1- Righteous intention: A Muslim should use travel as a means to please Allah
 and to get closer to Him through righteous intention. Journeys of unlawful
purposes like committing sins are prohibited.
2- Once one has decided to travel, the Sunnah is to seek Allah’s guidance by
praying istikhara which is a two raka’ah of non-obligatory prayer, then recite
the du’a of istikhara.
76

3- If he has decided to travel for Hajj or Umrah or any other purpose, he should
start repenting from all sins and pay off whatever he can of the debts and
deposits he owes to people.
4- Preparing the intake such as money, food and whatever is needed. All these
should be from pure and legal sources. At the same time, one should leave
for his family what they need during his absence.
5- One must bid farewell to his family, relatives and close friends, he must
make the following supplications to them.
»‫«أستودع اهلل دينكم وأمانتكم وخواتيم أعمالكم‬

“I entrust to Allah your religion, your trusts and your final deeds.”
6- One should travel in the company of three or four people.
Prophet Mohammad  said
َ ‫«ال َّراكِ ُب َشيْ َطا ٌن َوال َّراكِ بَانِ َشيْ َطانَانِ َوال َّث‬
‫ أبو داود‬.‫الثَ ُة َر ْك ٌب»‏‬
“One rider is a devil. Two riders are two devils. Three are
a riding party. Abu Dawood
He should be keen to choose righteous people to accompany him. The travelers
should choose the best and the wisest of them to be their leader and to obey
him.
‫«إذا خرج ثالثة في سفر فليأمروا أحدهم» أبو داود‬

“If three people go out on a journey, they should choose
77

one of them to be their leader.” Abu Dawood
7- Once one leaves his house, it is Sunnah to say the following dua’a:
‫ اللهم إني أعوذ بك من أن أَضل أو أُضل‬،‫ وال حول وال قوة إال باهلل‬،‫«بسم اهلل توكلت على اهلل‬
ّ ‫ أو أَظلم أو أُظلم أو أَجهل أو يُجهل‬،‫أو أَزل أو أُزل‬
‫» أبو داود‬.‫على‬
“In the name of Allah, I put my trust in Allah. There is no power or might except
with Allah. O Allah I seek refuge with You from going astray and being led
astray, from committing an error or being caused to commit an error or being
unjust or to be treated unjustly and from acting in ignorance or being acted
against in ignorance.” Abu Dawood
8- Upon getting on any kind of transportation (a camel, a car, a train or a
plane), it is recommended to say this dua’a:
‫ اللهم إني أسألك‬،‫«سبحان الذي سخر لنا هذا وما كنا له مقرنني وإنا إلى ربنا ملنقلبون‬
‫ اللهم هون علينا سفرنا هذا واطو‬،‫ ومن العمل ما ترضى‬،‫في سفرنا هذا البر والتقوى‬
‫ اللهم إني أعوذ بك من‬،‫ اللهم أنت الصاحب في السفر واخلليفة في األهل واملال‬،‫عنا بعده‬
».‫وعثاء السفر وكآبة املنظر في املال واألهل والولد‬
How perfect He is, The One Who has place this (transport) at
our service, and we ourselves would not have been capable of
that, and to our Lord if our final destiny. O Allaah, we ask You
for birr and taqwaa in this journey of ours, and we ask You for deeds
which please You. O Allaah, facilitate our journey and let us cover its
distance quickly. O Allaah, You are The Companion on the journey
and The Successor over the family, O Allaah, I take refuge with You
from the difficulties of travel, from having a change of hearts and
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being in a bad predicament, and I take refuge in You from an ill-fated
outcome with wealth and family.’
9- It is Sunnah to travel on Thursday early in the early day.
10- It is recommended to say “Takbeer” (Allah is greatest) when going up a rise
in the land and to say “Tasbeeh” (Glory be to Allah) when going down into
valleys and the like.
11- It is desirable for a traveler to make dua’a most of the time when traveling
because his dua’a will be answered.
‫وم َو َد ْع َوةُ ْال ُ َسافِ ِر َو َد ْع َوةُ الْ َوالِدِ َعلَى َولَدِ هِ» الترمذي‏‬
ِ ُ ‫ات َد ْع َوةُ ْال َ ْظل‬ َ َ‫«ث‬ ‫‏‬
ٌ َ‫الثُ َد َع َو ٍات ُم ْست ََجاب‬
“Three supplications are responded to without a doubt: a supplication
of the oppressed, the supplication of the traveler and the supplication
of the father for his son.” Tirmithi
12- During his travel, a Muslim should adopt a kind and good attitude and
avoid being harsh and rude. Moreover, he should adopt the best manner
of conduct. If he goes to a non-Muslim country, he set a good example of
Islam because people will judge Islam through his behavior as a Muslim.
13- One should not return to his family at night. It is preferable to tell them of
his arrival and to avoid surprising them by his return. The Sunnah, when
returning home is to start by going to the mosque that is nearest to his house
and praying two raka’ah.
14- A woman should seek her husband’s or mahram’s permission before
traveling. It is prohibited for a woman to travel a distance of a day and night
79

without a mahram unnecessarily.
Mahram: male relative within the prohibited degrees of marriage or her husband.
‫«ال يحل المرأة تسافر مسيرة يوم وليلة إال مع ذي محرم عليها» مسلم‬
“It is not permissible for a woman to go on a journey of a day and
night except in the presence of a Mahram.” Muslim
80

15 Adaab of Giving Naseehah
(Sincere Advice)
‫آداب النصيحة‬
Naseehah is an Arabic word that usually means sincere advice, but actually
embodies every type of virtue. Advising others is a very important part of being
a Muslim. It is an action that brings love and closeness among people.
Allah  says:
‫ِالصبْ ِر‬
َّ ‫اص ْوا ب‬ َ ْ ‫اص ْوا ب‬
َ ‫ِالقِّ َوتَ َو‬ ِ ‫ال‬
َ ‫ات َوتَ َو‬ َّ ‫نسا َن لَفِ ي خُ ْس ٍر ِإ َّال ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا َو َعمِ لُوا‬
َ ِ ‫الص‬ ْ ‫َوالْ َع‬
َ ‫ص ِر إ َِّن ا ِإل‬
By time, Indeed, mankind is in loss, Except for those who have believed
and done righteous deeds and advised each other to truth and advised
each other to patience. [103:1-2-3]
ِ َّ ِ ‫الل ؟ َقا َل‬

َ ِ‫ل َو لكِ تَا ِبهِ َول َر ُسولِهِ َوألَ ِئ َّمةِ ْال ُ ْسلِم‬
‫ني‬ ِ َّ ‫يح ُة َقالُوا ِل َ ْن يَا َر ُسو َل‬
َ ‫«ال ِّدي َن الن َِّص‬
‫َو َعا َّمتِهِ ْم» متفق عليه ‏‬
“Religion is founded upon (sincere) advice.” The people asked: “To
whom?” The Prophet Mohammad  said: “To Allah and to His Book
and to His Messenger and to the leaders of the Muslims and the
common folk.” Agreed Upon
81

How is the Naseehah given to Allah ?
By establishing His worship without any partners, by establishing His obedience
and turning away from His disobedience.
How is Naseehah given to The Book of Allah ?
By believing that Qur’an is the last revelation from Allah , by honoring it,
learning it, teaching it and acting upon its teachings.
How is Naseehah given to the Prophet Mohammad ?
By believing in his prophet hood as the final prophet to the humanity, by believing
in everything he came with, by loving him and reviving his Sunnah.
How is Naseehah to the leaders of the Muslims?
It is obligatory to give Naseehah to the leaders of the Muslims by obeying and
assisting them, by reminding them if they err or forget and by praying for them.
Giving Naseehah to the scholars is by honoring and respecting them as well as
spreading their knowledge, their virtues and accepting their rules and overlooking
their mistakes.
How is Naseehah to the common Muslims?
By guiding and teaching them to what will bring them benefit in this life. by
commanding them what is right and forbidding them what is wrong with
gentleness and sincerely.
Adaab of giving Naseehah

1- The advisor should be sincere and have good niyyah (intention) in giving the
Naseehah which is seeking the pleasure of Allah . Other intentions like
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seeking fame, reputation or slandering the person being advised leads to the
anger of Allah  and to the hatred of the people.
2- The advisor should show the person who is being advised his wrongdoing
and support his advice with proofs from Shariah ( Islamic teachings ).
3- Naseehah is to be given in secret and with kindness and gentleness and
without causing offence. When Prophet Mohammad  wants to advise
someone, he did not refer to him by name or expose him, he merely said:
“What is the matter with some people…?”
4- The believer loves for his brother what he loves for himself, so when one
is asked for a Naseehah, he should not hide it or hesitate to give it. At the
same time, when one sees his fellow Muslim committing a fault or some
wrong, he should take it upon himself to mind the shortcoming by giving
Naseehah and guide him towards goodness.
ِ َّ ‫‏ قِ ي َل َما ُهي يَا َر ُسو َل‬.‫‏«حقُّ ْال ُ ْسل ِِم َعلَى ْال ُ ْسل ِِم ِس ٌّت»‏‬
ِ‫الل َقا َل « ِإ َذا لَقِ يتَ ُه َف َسلِّ ْم َعلَيْه‬ َ
َ َّ
‫س َف َحمِ َد الل َفش ِّمتْ ُه َو ِإ َذا‬ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َو ِإ َذا َد َع‬
َ ‫ص ْح ل ُه َو ِإ َذا َعط‬َ ْ‫ْص َحك َفان‬ ْ ‫اك َفأ ِجبْ ُه َو ِإ َذا‬
َ ‫استَن‬
‫ات َفا َّت ِب ْعهُ» مسلم‬َ ‫ض َف ُع ْدهُ َو ِإ َذا َم‬ َ ‫َم ِر‬
“The rights of the Muslim upon the Muslims are six. The
companions said: “And what are they, O Messenger?” He  said:
“When you meet him, give him greeting of peace, when he invites
you, respond to his invitations, when he seeks your advice, advise
him, when he sneezes and praises Allah, supplicate for mercy
upon him, when he becomes ill, visit him and when he dies follow
him (his funeral).” Muslim
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5- Choosing the proper time to give Naseehah. The one being advised may be
angry or upset about something or grieved for something he have lost or
other reasons that prevent him from responding to the advice.
6- Being sincere in giving Naseehah, the advisor should not cheat the one who
is being advised. The advisor should do his best to think carefully of the
suitable advice.
7- The one being advised should not be arrogant and reject Naseehah or not
acting upon it.
84

16 Adaab of Joking
‫آداب املزاح‬
Islam does not forbid humor, joking and having fun as long as they are in line with
Islamic limits because relaxing is a means of increasing love and brotherhood
among Muslims.
Ibn Umar  (a companion of the Prophet ) was asked: “Did the companions
of the Prophet laugh?” He said: “Yes, and the faith in their hearts was like
mountains.”
Etiquettes that a Muslim should respect and, follow while playing or joking:
1- It is not permissible to joke towards Allah  ,His Messengers, Books and laws
or the Sunnah of the Prophet Mohammad  because these shows disrespect
and is considering disbelief (Kufr). Whoever does that, has to repent to Allah
 and seek His forgiveness.
2- One should avoid lying while joking around. Prophet Mohammad  warned
us from that.
He  said:
‫ض ِح َك ِبهِ الْ َق ْو َم َويْ ٌل لَ ُه َويْ ٌل لَهُ» الترمذي‬

ْ ُ‫« َويْ ٌل ِللَّذِ ي يُ َح ِّدثُ َفيَ ْكذِ ُب ِلي‬
“Woe to the one who tells lies to make people laugh, woe to him,
woe to him.” Tirmithi
85

3- Avoid ridiculing people, looking down at them, belittling them or making fun
of a person’s appearance or manner of walking.
Allah  says:
‫ِساء ِّمن ِّن َساء‬َ ‫يَا أَيُّ َها ا َّلذِ ي َن آ َمنُوا ال يَ ْس َخ ْر َق ْو ٌم ِّمن َق ْو ٍم َع َسى أَن يَ ُكونُوا َخيْ ًرا ِّمنْ ُه ْم َوال ن‬
‫ِس ُم الْف ُُسو ُق‬
ْ ‫س اال‬ َ ْ‫اب ِبئ‬ ِ ‫َع َسى أَن يَ ُك َّن َخيْ ًرا ِّمنْ ُه َّن َوال تَلْمِ زُوا أَنف َُس ُك ْم َوال تَنَابَزُوا بِاألَلْ َق‬
‫الظ ِالُو َن‬َّ ‫ِك ُه ُم‬ َ ‫ميانِ َو َمن َّل ْم يَت ُْب َفأُولَئ‬
َ ‫بَ ْع َد ا ِإل‬
O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule [another] people;
perhaps they may be better than them; nor let women ridicule [other]
women; perhaps they may be better than them. And do not insult one
another and do not call each other by [offensive] nicknames. Wretched
is the name of disobedience after [one›s] faith. And whoever does not
repent – then it is those who are the wrongdoers. [49:11]
4- Having the good intention of joking, such as making friends laugh in order to
make them happy and taking them away from sadness and boredom.
5- Joking is not permissible if it leads to scaring or frightening people especially
with a weapon or a piece of iron.
6- Joking should not be excessive because it is a relaxation for the soul and a
rest from ongoing seriousness. Excessive joking and too much laughter lead
to heedlessness, hardening the heart and it distracts from the remembrance
of Allah .
‫يت الْ َقل ْ َب ‏» الترمذي‏‬

ُ ‫ت‬ِ ُ ‫الض ِح ِك‬ َّ ‫«الَ تُ ْكث ِِر‬
َّ َ‫الض ِح َك َف ِإ َّن َكثْ َرة‬
86

“Do not laugh too much because excessive laughter kills your
heart.” Tirmithi
7- Choosing the appropriate time and place for joking such as when people are
on a trip, attending a party or when meeting with relatives or friends. People
there may relax and enjoy some nice stories or light jokes.
The companions of the Prophet  were the most serious people, yet they used
to joking and play with one another by throwing watermelon skins at each other,
but when it was time for seriousness, they were real men.
One should avoid joking at prayer time, at funerals or places of seeking knowledge.
8- One should avoid joking about marriage, divorce or taking back a wife.
Prophet Mohammad  indicated that if a husband jokes about divorcing his
wife, it becomes serious.
Abu Hurairah  narrated that the Prophet Mohammad  said:
َ ‫الط‬
‫ال ُق َوال َّر ْج َع ُة ‏» أبو داود‬ َ َ‫‏«ث‬
َّ ‫الثٌ ِج ُّد ُه َّن ِج ٌّد َو َه ْزلُ ُه َّن ِج ٌّد ال ِّن َكا ُح َو‬
‫ أن يراجع الرجل امرأته بعد أن يطلقها‏‏‬:‫الرجعة‬

“There are three matters in which seriousness is serious and joking is
serious: marriages, divorce and taking back one’s wife.” Abu Dawood
87

Review Questions 5
Fill in the spaces:

1- If a Muslim decides to travel for _________________ or _________________ ,
he should repent from sins and pay off all his debts.
2- Giving Naseehah to somebody should be in _________________ and not in
public.
3- Joking about _________________, divorce or taking back a wife, should be
avoided
4- The companions of the Prophet were the most serious people, yet they used
to _________________ and play one another.
5- In giving Naseehah, one should be _________________ and avoid cheating.
6- A Muslim should set a _________________ example of Islam if he goes to
anon-Muslim country.
True or false
1- ( ) Travelers should choose the eldest of them to be a leader.

2- ( ) One must give a sincere advice whenever he is asked for.
3- ( ) A Muslim believes that all his deeds are based on intentions .
4- ( ) One of the three responded supplications is a supplication of the traveler.
5- ( ) Humor, joking and having fun are forbidden in Islam.
6- ( ) Calling people by offensive nicknames is forbidden in Islam.
88

1- Istikhara ( ) Two rakaah prayer followed by special dua’a

2- Maharam ( ) Sincere advice
3- Naseehah ( ) Kufur
4- Disbelief ( ) Male relative prohibited for marriage

1- A woman should not travel a distance of a day and night unless she has a:
a- Mahram
b- Friend
c- Mother
2- When your friend sneezes and praise Allah, you should:
a- Supplicate for good health for him
b- Supplicate for mercy upon him
c- Give him Naseehah
3- Joking towards the Sunnah of the Prophet Mohammad is:
a- Permissible
b- Not a great sin
c- Disbelief
89

17 Adaab of dealing with
Public Property
‫آداب احملافظة على املمتلكات العامة‬
A public property is the property which is dedicated to the use of the public
(state property). The government constructs and maintains these properties for
the benefit and the entertainment of people.
Adaab of maintaining the public property:

1- One must act responsibility and help to maintain all public buildings and
places by cooperating with the government’s laws because these laws are
mainly made to assure the security of persons and properties.
2- Each citizen has to maintain and keep safe the public property and avoid
committing any damaging act because these properties are made for the
benefit of the public.
Allah  prohibited the spread of corruption.
Allah  says:
َّ ‫اآلخرةَ َوال تَنس نَ ِصيب َك مِ َن ال ُّدنْيَا َوأَح ِسن َكما أَحس َن‬
‫اللُ ِإلَيْ َك َوال تَبْ ِغ‬ َّ ‫َاك‬
َّ ُ‫الل‬ َ ‫َوابْت َِغ فِ ي َما آت‬
َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ِ ‫الدا َر‬
َ َّ ِ ‫الْ َف َسا َد فِ ي األَ ْر‬
‫ض إ َِّن الل ال يُ ِح ُّب ْالُف ِْسدِ ي َن‬
But seek, through that which Allah has given you, the home of the
Hereafter; and [yet], do not forget your share of the world. And do
90

good as Allah has done good to you. And desire not corruption in
the land. Indeed, Allah does not like corrupters.” [28:77]
3- Damaging the public properties indicates that one is acting insincerely and
does not fear Allah  and he has a weak faith because he does not submits
to Allah’s teachings and he is behaving in a way that displeases Allah  he
should put in his mind that Allah  is watching him and He will question him
on the Day of Judgment.
4- In visiting parks, gardens or historical structures like museums and forts,
one has to maintain preserving them by avoiding damaging any structures,
throwing the litter, avoiding damaging the plants or lighting fires in places
that are not allowed.
5- One should avoid polluting water sources like seas, rivers, ponds or wells by
throwing garbage in them because they are the sources of providing water
for irrigation or the personal use of the community. One must avoid hunting
in the prohibited areas.
َ َ‫«ال ُ ْس ِل ُمو َن ُش َر َكاءُ فِ ي ث‬
‫ال ٍث فِ ي ْالَاءِ والكأل َوالن َِّار» أحمد وأبو داود‬ ْ ‫‏‬
“People are partners in three things: water, plants and fire.”
Ahmad & Abu Dawood
Mosques, libraries, schools, streets and public transports all are public properties;
one must behave in a very responsible way in dealing with them as well as acting
on the instructions of keeping them clean, safe and not to cause any damage
with them like scratching the seats, spitting gums or spoiling the apparatus...
etc. Our Prophet  frequently recommended cleanliness to believers.
91

، ‫ جواد يحب اجلود‬،‫ كرمي يحب الكرم‬، ‫ نظيف يحب النظافة‬،‫«إن اهلل طيب يحب الطيب‬
‫» الترمذي‬.‫فنظفوا أفنيتكم وال تتشبهوا باليهود‬
“Allah is pure and likes purity, He is clean and likes cleanliness. He is
generous and likes generosity. He is hospitable and likes hospitality,
so clean your courtyards and do not resemble the Jews.” Tirmithi
Regarding roads and markets, one has to enact necessary rules and regulations
made by the government. One should avoid carrying with him things which may
be harmful to others like knife or a gun.
Abu Musa narrated that Prophet Mohammad  said:
‫«إذا مر أحدكم في مسجدنا أو في سوقنا ومعه نبل فليمسك على نصالها أو قال‬
‫» البخاري‬.‫فليقبض بكفه أن يصيب أحداً من املسلمني منها شيء‬
“If anyone of you passed through our mosque or through our market
while carrying arrows, he should hold the iron heads” or said “he
should hold their heads firmly with his hands lest he should injure
one of the Muslims with it.” Bukhari
6- Allah  has prohibited for someone who is in charge of a public property,
to use it for his own use or misuse it. People who are in positions of trust
like managers should avoid taking advantage of their positions like taking
from the money under their hands unlawfully or in any way whether through
deception, treachery, bribery or robbery.
92

Allah  said:
َ ِ ‫َو َمن يَ ْغل ُ ْل يَ ْأ ِت‬

ِ‫با َغ َّل يَ ْو َم الْقِ يَا َمة‬
For whoever defrauds shall come on the Day of Resurrection with
whatever he has defrauded. [3:161]
Defraud: to get money from an organization by deceiving them.
7- One should also appoint the right people to handle and maintain these
properties.
93

18 Adaab of dealing in Social Media
‫آداب التعامل مع وسائل التواصل‬
‫االجتماعي‬
In today’s world, people are connected in more than one way, whether online
or offline. The networks that used to be local at one point have become global
in our times. Our lives have been transformed and greatly affected by the influx
of social media, especially the highly popular applications such as Facebook,
Twitter, and Instagram and snap chat .
Social media also presents us with a golden opportunity to reach out to those
who have not heard of Islam. One, however, needs to be careful when it comes
to using these applications.
There are certain guidelines that one needs to follow in order to make the
most out of his time online:
1. One should always remember that Allah is watching over him and her, and
the angels are recording whatever a person says or does. This also applies
to commenting on Facebook/Instagram, as well as sharing the updates with
others.
2. Be generous and kind with the people, and do not slander, insult, or backbite
anyone. Do not partake in gossips and spreading rumors online.
3. One shouldn’t pass around information that he isn’t sure of, or doesn’t
know the sources of its origin. As Muslims, we have to uphold the highest
94

standards of authenticity, especially when it comes to the sharing knowledge
related to our religion.
4. Also be sure to keep your speech to the point, and do not criticize people
openly. If there is a matter of concern, the person in question should be
contacted directly.
5. Interaction between the males and females should be to the point, and
limited. It is prohibited to go beyond what is needed and to indulge in
immoral behavior, such as flirting or joking around. Islam came to enhance
the character of the believers, and not to forbid them from anything that was
beneficial for their worldly and afterlife.
6..We will be held accountable for our speeches and questioned about how we
made the use of our time, both online and offline.
Allah  says:
ٌ ِ‫ظ مِ ن َق ْو ٍل ِإ َّال لَ َديْهِ َرق‬

‫يب َعتِي ٌد‬ ُ ِ‫َما يَلْف‬
Man does not utter any word except that with him is an
observer prepared (to record). [50:18]
Due to the numerous social media applications and with not much knowledge
about their religion, Muslims also fell into the traps of misusing their time online
which caused great harm to their religion as well as their relationships with the
people around them.
With online communication, a person can never tell how far-reaching the effect
of his words will be. We need to take utmost care of all that we say, upload,
and share online with others.
95

Keeping the words of Allah in mind, we can benefit ourselves and others
around us with our skills, and time.
ِ َّ ‫وف َوتَنْ َه ْو َن َعنِ ْالُن َك ِر َوتُؤْمِ نُو َن ب‬

‫ِالل‬ ِ ‫كنتُ ْم َخيْ َر أ ُ َّم ٍة أُخْ ِر َج ْت لِلن‬
ْ ‫َّاس تَ ْأ ُم ُرو َن ب‬
ِ ‫ِال َ ْع ُر‬
You are the best nation produced [as an example] for
mankind. You enjoin what is right and forbid what is
wrong and believe in Allah. [3:110]
96

19 Adaab of Da’wah
Calling People to Islam
‫آداب الدعوة‬
The Arabic term da’wah refers to the act of conveying the message of Islam or
calling and inviting people to it.
Allah  says:
ِ َّ ‫الل َعلَى بَ ِصي َرةٍ أَنَاْ َو َمنِ ا َّتبَ َعنِي َو ُسبْ َحا َن‬
َ ِ‫الل َو َما أَنَاْ مِ َن ْال ُ ْش ِرك‬
‫ني‬ ِ َّ ‫ُق ْل َهذِ ِه َسبِيلِي أَ ْد ُعو ِإلَى‬
Say, “This is my way; I invite to Allah with insight, I and those who
follow me. And exalted is Allah; and I am not of those who associate
others with Him.” [12:108]
Da’wah was the basic mission of the Prophets. Allah  praises those who
engage in this noble field as being the best in speech.
Allah  says:
ً ِ ‫ص‬
َ ِ‫الا َو َقا َل ِإ َّننِي مِ َن ْال ُ ْسلِم‬
‫ني‬ ِ َّ ‫من َد َعا ِإلَى‬
َ ‫الل َو َعمِ َل‬ َّ ِّ ‫َو َم ْن أَ ْح َس ُن َق ْوال‬
And who is better in speech than one who invites to Allah and does
righteousness and says, «Indeed, I am of the Muslims.» [41:33]
Da’wah can be among non-Muslims by calling them to Islam or it can be
among Muslims by calling the non-committed Muslims to become religiously
committed.
97

Since Islam Presentation Committee is concerned with calling non-Muslims to
Islam, so we will concentrate on adaab concerning calling non-Muslims.
Adaab of calling people to Islam:
1- Calling people to Islam is considered by scholars as an obligation on every
Muslim according to their abilities, from rulers, scholars, businessmen and
others to convey this religion in various languages.
There are two levels of Da’wah to Allah 
a- Fard ‘ayn (an individual obligatory duty): This is when no one in one’s
country or region takes up the responsibility of da’wah, then it becomes
obligatory on him to give da’wah to enlighten people to Islam.
b- Fard kifaayah (a collective obligatory duty): When there are special people
who give da’wah, teach people and guide them, it would be Sunnah and not
obligatory for others.
2- A Muslim must realize that inviting people to Islam and calling them to
worship Allah  alone is one of the greatest deeds through which a Muslim
can gain great rewards.
‫» مسلم‬.ً‫«من دعا إلى هدى كان له من األجر مثل أجور من تبعه ال ينقص ذلك من أجورهم شيئا‬
“Whoever calls to guidance will receive the same reward as the one who
follows him without any decrease in the reward of (his followers).” Muslim
So according to this Hadeeth, one who guides others to righteous deeds gets
a reward equivalent to their reward for doing good.
98

ً ‫«لئن يهدي اهلل بك رج‬

‫» البخاري‬.‫ال خي ٌر لك من أن يكون لك حمر النعم‬
“For Allah to guide someone by your hand is better for you than having red
camels.” Bukhari
Red camels were considered the most valuable property in Ancient Arabia.
3- The Dai’yah (the caller for Islam) must be devoted to Allah that he neither
intends to show off, nor wants a reputation, no praise from people. Rather,
he should only call to Allah  to please Him.
4- The caller for Islam must have sound and firm knowledge of what he is inviting
others to.
Allah  says:
ِ َّ ‫الل َعلَى بَ ِصي َرةٍ أَنَاْ َو َمنِ ا َّت َب َعنِي َو ُسبْ َحا َن‬
َ ِ‫الل َو َما أَنَاْ مِ َن ْال ُ ْش ِرك‬
‫ني‬ ِ َّ ‫ُق ْل َهذِ ِه َسبِيلِي أَ ْد ُعو ِإلَى‬
Say, “This is my way; I invite to Allah with insight, I and those who
follow me. And exalted is Allah; and I am not of those who associate
others with Him.” [12:108]
Knowledge for da’wah is very important. An ignorant dai’yah destroys and
never constructs. He should never preach something unless he has sure
knowledge with proof. He should be able to answer wisely the questions the
non-Muslims ask as well as explaining the misconceptions about Islam.
5- The caller to Islam should avoid defaming people’s culture, religion or way of
life or contradict himself.
99

6- The caller for Islam must possess certain characteristics and good morals to
convey the message such as truthfulness, good appearance, warmly smile
and sincere respect to people. In addition to that, he should be tolerant,
a good listener to people. He should avoid making people run away from
Islam because of his harshness or violent and harmful approach.
7- The caller for Islam should have patience with forbearing temperament as
the Prophet  was, because most people who come to Islam do so after a
faith-seeking journey. Therefore the responsibility of the dai’yah is to convey
the message and not to put faith in people’s hearts.
8- The caller for Islam should be fluent in the language of the person who is
calling as well as a good background of his religion and culture.
9- The caller for Islam must use different methods of da’wah. He can give
da’wah at his place of work, study or social gathering, when he travels, he
can give public presentation at schools, institutes or online da’wah.
10- The caller for Islam should upgrade himself in methods of da’wah by
attending training courses and practical seminars and workshops.
11- Those who are unable to give da’wah, can participate in the activities held
to non-Muslims. They can distribute flyers, books, cards, CD’s – QR cards,
etc.
____________________
Taken with some modifications from Bilal Philips “Da’wah Training Course „
100

Review Questions 6
Fill in the spaces:
1- Prophet Mohammad  said: People are partners in three things: water,
plants and _________________ .
2- Deception, treachery, bribery and robbery are _________________ in Islam.
3- In using social media, people should share only _________________ information
especially about religion.
4- Modern social media plays a great role in reaching out to people who have
not heard of _________________ .
5- The Arabic term _________________ means the act of calling people to Islam.
6- _________________ for daw’ah is an obligation because ignorant dai’yah
destroys and never constructs _________________ .
True or false
People who are in positions of trust like managers are allowed to take
1- ( )
advantage of their positions.
A Muslim should maintain and keep safe the public properties
2- ( )
because Allah  prohibited the spread of corruption .
Interaction between males and females through social media should
3- ( )
be to the point and limited .
Partaking in gossips and spread rumors through social media
4- ( )
indicates the weak faith of a person.
Dawah is considered Fard Ayn (an individual obligatory duty) when
5- ( )
there are special people who give dawah.
Calling people to Islam can only be done in mosques and Islamic
6- ( )
centers.
101

1- Misusing the social media applications causes a great harm to people’s:
a- Religion only
b- Time and relationships with others only
c- Religion, time and relationship with others
2- The one who guides others to religious deeds gets:
a- Thanks form people but with no rewards from Allah 
b- The same reward as the one who follows him
c- Double reward as the one who follows him
3- Damaging the public properties indicates that one:
a- Is behaving in a way that displeases Allah 
d- Is acting sincerely
e- He is aware that Allah  is watching him and he will be questioned about
what he is doing
List three characteristics of the caller for Islam:
1- _____________________________________________________________
2- _____________________________________________________________
3- _____________________________________________________________
102

Key to Review Questions

Key to review questions 1
Fill in the spaces:
1- love ; trust
2- message
3- read
4- teach
5- Prophet Mohammad 
True or false :
1- Ö
2- Ö
3- x
4- Ö
5- x
1- a
2- c
3- c
1- 3
2- 5
3- 1
4- 2
5- 4
Mention four rights a Muslim should observe towards the Messenger of Allah:
1- Bearing witness that he is the Messenger of Allah 
2- Loving him
3- Following his Sunnah
4- Invoking Allah’s blessing upon him
104

Fill in the spaces:
1- worship
2- obligatory
3- faith
4- permission
5- dutifulness
6- living to her
True or false
1- Ö
2- x
3- x
4- x
Match :
1- 2
2- 3
3- 1
4- 4
1- b
2- c
3- a
List three shared rights between spouses:
1- mercy
2- loyalty
3- trust
105

Fill in the spaces:
1- three
2- hours
3- khutba
4- middle
5- obedience
6- obligatory
True or false
1- Ö
2- Ö
3- x
4- x
5- Ö
6- x
Match :
1- 3
2- 5
3- 2
4- 4
5- 1
1- b
2- a
3- a
Write only three of the rights of a Muslim upon another Muslim:
1- Replying his greetings
2- Following the funeral procession
3- Responding to him when he sneezes
106

Fill in the spaces:
1- Bismillah; Alhamdulillah
2- Gold ; silk
3- Leave
4- Sources
5- Prohibited
6- Obliged
True or false
1- Ö
2- x
3- x
4- Ö
5- Ö
6- Ö
Match :
1- 3
2- 5
3- 2
4- 1
5- 4
1- b
2- c
3- c
The clothes of the Muslim woman should be:
1- thick not to show the color of the skin
2- loose not to describe the shape of her body
3- simple and not excessively fancy
107

Fill in the spaces:
1- Hajj ; Umrah
2- Secret
3- Marriage
4- Joke
5- Sincere
6- Good
True or false
1- x
2- Ö
3- Ö
4- Ö
5- x
6- Ö
Match :
1- 1
2- 3
3- 4
4- 2
1- a
2- b
3- c
108

Fill in the spaces:
1- fire
2- forbidden
3- authentic
4- Islam
5- Dawah
6- Knowledge
True or false
1- x
2- Ö
3- Ö
4- Ö
5- x
6- x
1- c
2- b
3- a
List three characteristics of the caller for Islam:
1- He should have firm knowledge of what he is inviting other
2- He should have fluent in the language of the person who is calling
3- He should be truthful, sincere, tolerant, kind
109

References
‫ كتاب اآلداب‬- »‫«األخالق اإلسالمية‬

‫الشيخ عبد الفتاح أبوغدة‬
Islamic Manners
Shaykh Abdul Fattah Abu Guddah
»‫«كتاب األخالق‬
‫ فؤاد الشلهوب‬:‫جمع‬
The Book of Manners

Compiled by: Fuad Ash-Shulhoob
110

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Islamic Etiquette

Education Section - Advanced Curriculum

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Written and Proofread by:

Special Thanks to:

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Manners ( Adaab ) towards Allah 

‫الص َم ُد لَ ْم يَ ِل ْد َولَ ْم يُولَ ْد َولَ ْم يَ ُكن َّل ُه ُك ُف ًوا أَ َح ٌد‬ ُ َّ ُ َّ

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A Muslim should certainly know that Allah  knows everything. In believing in

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‫ الترمذي‬.»‫«إذا سألت فاسأل اهلل وإذا استعنت فاستعن باهلل‬

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ْ ُ ‫ت ألَ ِزي َد َّن ُك ْم َولَئِن َك َف ْر‬

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Indeed, Prophet Mohammad  has certain rights and manners

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Adaab with reciting Qur’an:

‫ي ُّس ُه ِإ َّال ْال ُ َط َّه ُرو َن‬

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ِ ‫ات َواألَ ْر‬ َ َّ

1 Tajweed: Rules of reciting Quran correctly

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‫وب أَ ْق َفالُ َها‬

ِ‫َفا ْق َر ُؤوا َما تَيَ َّس َر مِ َن الْ ُق ْرآن‬

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‫«خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه» البخاري‬

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Choose the correct answer:

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Adaab with parents:

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‫«ال طاعة ملخلوق في معصية اهلل» مسلم‬

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Etiquette between spouses

The rights of the wife upon the husband

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The rights of the husband upon his wife

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‫«طلب العلم فريضة عن كل مسلم» ابن ماجة‬

Knowledge is divided into:

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The virtues of seeking knowledge:

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In addition to that, Prophet Mohammad  told us that:

‫» الترمذي‬.‫«إن املالئكة لتضع أجنحتها لطالب العلم رضى مبا يطلب‬

4- Knowledge guides its seekers to be more virtuous. It purifies one’s behavior

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5- Take notes while listening in a lecture or reading for reviewing later.

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