Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
I. OBJECTIVES
The learner demonstrates understanding of environment and The learner demonstrates understanding of environment The learner demonstrates understanding of environment and
A. Content Standards market in one’s locality/town. and market in one’s locality/town. market in one’s locality/town.
The learner independently creates a business vicinity map The learner independently creates a business vicinity map The learner independently creates a business vicinity map
B. Performance reflective of potential market in one’s locality/town. reflective of potential market in one’s locality/town. reflective of potential market in one’s locality/town.
Standards
Recognize and understand the market Recognize and understand the market Recognize and understand the market
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
C. Learning a. Identify the different steps in entrepreneurial a. Identify the different steps in entrepreneurial a. Identify the different steps in entrepreneurial
Competencies/ research. research. research.
Objectives b. Describe the types of entrepreneurial research. b. Describe the types of entrepreneurial research. b. Describe the types of entrepreneurial research.
c. Identify the research instruments used to gather c. Identify the research instruments used to gather c. Identify the research instruments used to gather
data.
data.
data.
Market (locality/town)
Key concepts of market What is Research and Types of Entrepreneurial Research Data and Research Instrument
II. CONTENT
Players in the market
(competitors)
Products and Research
services
available in the market
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s Material
pages
Nick L. Aduana (2016). Entrepreneurship in Philippine Nick L. Aduana (2016). Entrepreneurship in Philippine Nick L. Aduana (2016). Entrepreneurship in Philippine
3. Textbook pages Setting, C and E Publishing Inc.
Setting, C and E Publishing Inc. Setting, C and E Publishing Inc.
4. Additional Materials
from Learning
Resource portal
1
B. Other Learning
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
1. Teacher welcomes the class and introduces Teacher reviews activities from the last session. Class reviews presentations from the last session. Class
himself/herself. discusses what they have learned from the presentation.
2. Teacher reviews activities from the last session.
ACTIVITY
Brainstorm Competition:
Types of Questions
3
actual interview and with expressed approval from the
respondent consumers, the entrepreneur usually reads the
prepared questions and records in verbatim the responses
on the instrument.
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE USE OF PERSONAL FOCUSED GROUP DISCUSSIONS CAN BE USED FOR
Types of Entrepreneurial Research INTERVIEWS IN THE
MARKET RESEARCH FOLLOWING TYPE OF DISCUSSIONS:
Exploratory Research – is considered the preliminary research
work conducted by an entrepreneur that is primary designed • It can be helpful to use a list of mostly open-ended • Exploratory – obtain information on general attitudes,
to gather baseline information to be used in solving a problem questions to be asked in person or by telephone. understand the circumstances under which customers
or forming a hypothesis. • An in-depth interview gives participants the might require your product or service, understand their
Hypothesis – is a statement of assertion that must opportunity to express their views. desired outcomes.
be proven in a subsequent research work. • Interviews typically last from 15 to 40 minutes, but • Feature prioritization – if trade-offs have to be made among
they can last longer, depending on the participant’s various customer needs, focus groups can be helpful in
Descriptive Research – is conducted by the entrepreneur interest in the topic. prioritizing them.
when the foremost objective is to describe the present buying • This technique allows the interviewer the interviewer • Comparative analysis - understand where else customer to
behaviour of the consumers in terms of environmental factors, to get detailed descriptions of individual experiences. go get similar information, services or product and what
buying decision process, and marketing mix. attracts them to those sources.
• Trend explanation - If you notice a trend in the way that
Casual Research / Correlational Study – the entrepreneur customer use your website, then focus groups can be used
D. Discussing new conducts this type of research when the objective is to to better understand why this is happening.
concepts and determine whether the buying behavior of the consumer is
practicing new skills caused by some environmental factors. In this study the CONSIDERATION IN THE USE OF FGDs IN MARKET
#1 entrepreneur must test whether the hypothesis is true or not RESEARCH:
by determining the relationship between the buying behaviour
and other variables of the study. In casual or correlational • Limit the length of the session to between 90 and 120
study, there is a cause-and-effect relationship between or minutes.
among the variables. • Generally, conduct focus groups with 8 to 10
participants per group (recruit 10 to 12 participants to
Research Data ensure that 8 to 10 show up).
• Use a knowledgeable moderator/ facilitator who can
Research data refers to the kind of necessary information to manage group dynamics, probe skilfully to obtain
be gathered in answering the objective of the research work. deeper understanding to issues and capture a broad
spectrum of options.
Classification of Research Data • Use a semi-structured or open-format discussion.
• Strive for uniformity in the group’s composition.
Quantitative Data – can be counted and mathematically • If you feel that group influence is likely to be a strong
computed. They are expressed in numerical values. factor participants will be influenced greatly by what
Examples below are examples of quantitative data relative to other are saying), then personal interviews or smaller
the buying behaviour of the consumers. groups may be an option to consider than FGD.
4
Examples: Income of consumers, sales volume of the
product, age of consumers, number of units produced.
Examples:
Data gathered by marketing associations and
included in their publications
Data collected from the survey conducted by the
National Statistics Office (NSO) and published in its
website.
Data gathered by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
(BSP) and included in the BSP annual report.
E. Developing Learners shall be able to orally answer the questions to be earners shall be able to orally answer the questions to be earners shall be able to orally answer the questions to be
mastery (Leads to given by the teacher. given by the teacher. given by the teacher.
Formative
Assessment)
The learners will now start doing their business proposal by
F. Finding practical identifying the problem that will lead them to entrepreneurial
applications of opportunities. Let them decide of what type of data needed and
concepts and skills evaluate how it will be collected.
in daily living
5
G. Making
generalizations and
abstractions about
the lesson
1. Identify the different procedural steps
that must be performed by the entrepreneur in order
to know the buying behavior of the consumers.
2. Describe the three types of research that must be
H. Evaluating conducted by the entrepreneur to determine the
learning buying behavior of the consumers.
3. Differentiate the following:
a. Quantitative data from qualitative data
b. Primary data from secondary data
4. Identify the common buying tools in gathering data.
This will be a group assignment connected to the instructions
given in the application section. The learners will present their
partial business proposal next meeting.
V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who earned
80% on the formative
assessment
6
E. Which of my teaching
strategies work well? Why
did these work?
7
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
1. Recognize a potential market 1. Recognize a potential market 1. Recognize a potential market 1. Recognize a potential market
C. Learning
TLE_ICTAN11/12PC-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12PC-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12PC-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12PC-Ia-1
Competencies/
Objectives (Write the
LC Code)
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
II. CONTENT Development of Business Plan Development of Business Plan Development of Business Plan Development of Business Plan
III. LEARNING List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as well as
RESOURCES paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s
Material pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning
Resource portal
B. Other Learning
Resources
8
Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Session 4
These steps should be done across the week. Spread out the activities appropriately so that the students will learn well. Always be guided by demonstration of learning by the students which you can infer from
IV. PROCEDURES formative assessment activities. Sustain learning systematically by providing students with multiple ways to learn new things, practice their learning, question their learning processes and draw conclusions about
what they learned in relation to their life experiences and previous knowledge. Indicate the time allotment for each step.
A. Reviewing Job and Career Opportunities Factors to consider in starting a business Identifying business opportunities Continuation…
Factors to Consider in Starting a Business Identifying business opportunities Types of businesses available to
previous lesson or
entrepreneurs
presenting a new
lesson
New information is important in explaining It is important that the entrepreneur Entrepreneurs can identify more ideas and
B. Establishing a the existence of entrepreneurial opportunities exploit the opportunity by starting a opportunities from the types of businesses
purpose for the (Schumpeter) business on the right path, with a available to them in the community and the
lesson foundation solid enough to enable it to country at large.
grow, succeed and become sustainable.
Factors to Consider in Starting a Business IDENTIFYING BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERPRISE ACCORDING TO INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION:
1. Entrepreneurial opportunities Entrepreneurial Opportunity – favorable ACCORDING TO SIZE Types of Businesses Based on the Philippine
2. Financial stability set of conditions that will enable the Micro enterprise – asset size not Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC)
3. Self-fulfillment entrepreneurs to create new products or exceeding P50,000, a home based
4. Helps the family services by combining resources that will enterprise, operating in makeshift or
5. Provide employment to others result not only to a profit but for the temporary quarters, the owner heads
common good of the society and the the enterprise and employs from one
environment and not more than 10 people like
New products vending food such as taho, puto,
New services fishballs etc
New ways of organizing Cottage industry – asset of P250,000 to
New raw materials P500,000, homebased, often managed
New markets and operated by members of family
New production processes like subcontractors of shoes and
4 Essential Qualities of Opportunities slippers, food manufacturers of peanut
C. Presenting 1. Attractive butter/coco jam or pastillas, vases,
examples/instances 2. Durable candles and lanterns
of the new lesson 3. Timely Small enterprise – has an asset of
4. Anchored in a product/service P500,000 to P2.5million, owned by an
or business that creates or adds individual or grouped and has enough
value for its buyer or end-user resources to continue operating,
employs 10 to 20 people like groceries,
bakeshops, beauty salons,
medical/dental clinics, toy makers,
jeepney manufacturers and travel/tour
agencies
Medium enterprise – an asset of 5 to
20million, employs 100 or more,
owned by a single individual, business
partners, or a corporation people like
fine dining restaurants with branches,
computer importer-dealers, garment
manufacturers, human resource
9
providers and private educational
institutions
Large enterprise – an asset of
20million or more, often owned and
managed by a corporation, employs
100 or more workers, its board of
directors is responsible for its
governance thru its chief operating
officer, like big fast food chains, large
department stores, big bookstores,
family-owned commercial banks and
insurance companies
10
Ways to Start a New Venture: Most POTENTIAL SOURCES OF OPPORTUNITIES FORMS OF BUSINESSES BASED ON
Frequently Used Forms OWNERSHIP
Start-up – a company which is recently
formed, where the founder establishes
a completely new business from scratch
Buying an existing business - acquiring
either the shares of an existing company
or all of the assets of an existing
enterprise.
D. Discussing new Franchising – when the “owner of the
company that already has a successful
concepts and product or service, licenses its
practicing new skills trademark, trade name and methods of
#1 doing business to others in exchange for
an initial franchise fee and royalty
payments
Jollibee
Mang Inasal
Ricky Reyes Salon
7-eleven
Mini Stop
Tapa King
11
business that will be opened to avoid
major problems that can arise if legal
requirements are overlooked like
copyright and patent laws, environment
and sanitation regulations as well as
labor codes.
5. Degree of Risk – like limited market, stiff
competition, high cost of financing the
business and few supply of needed labor
6. Research and Development – the
presence of new technology, science and
knowledge transfer from universities and
public research centers to new and
growing businesses, support for the
creation of new-technology based
ventures are good indicators to start a
business in the area
7. Personal competencies – like creativity,
opportunity seeking, self-confidence,
persistence, commitment, risk-taking and
technical background as well as related
experiences needed to run a business
8. Availability of Resources – pertaining to
raw materials, human resources and
machineries and equipment
Other Critical Factors for a New Venture
F. Developing
mastery (Leads to
Formative
Assessment)
12
G. Finding practical
applications of
concepts and skills
in daily living
The critical phase in the entrepreneurial The government has learned to make and
H. Making process is actualizing the entrepreneurial made entrepreneurship a priority in its
mindset after opportunity recognition, when economic agenda. The agenda includes
generalizations and
the business idea is put into a final form the creation of millions of new
abstractions about where the details are worked out and it is entrepreneurs and a tripling of the loan
the lesson transformed into something of value. amounts made available to small and
medium enterprises.
Discuss the 3 frequently used forms to start a Explain the opportunity recognition Choose a business in your community and
I. Evaluating business. process. explain where category of entrepreneur
learning size it falls
J. Additional Interview a male entrepreneur whose Conduct a survey among 15 high school
business is very successful now using the students in our school about a particular
activities for
table checklist provided. product using the survey form
application or
remediation
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your instructional
VI. REFLECTION supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
A. No. of learners who
earned 80% on the formative
assessment
13
E. Which of my teaching
strategies work well? Why
did these work?
F. What difficulties did I
encounter which my
principal or supervisor help
me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials did I
use/discover which I wish to
share with other teachers?
GRADE 12 School
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
The learner independently or with his/her The learner independently or with The learner independently or with The learner independently or with his/her
classmates presents an acceptable detailed his/her classmates presents an his/her classmates presents an classmates presents an acceptable detailed
B. Performance Standards business plan. acceptable detailed business plan. acceptable detailed business plan. business plan.
14
2. Recognize and understand the market 2. Recognize and understand the v2. Recognize and understand the 2. Recognize and understand the
C. Learning Competencies/ TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-I-a-1 market market market
Objectives (Write the LC TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-I-a-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-I-a-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-I-a-1
Code)
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
II. CONTENT Development of Business Plan Development of Business Plan Development of Business Plan Development of Business Plan
List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as
III. LEARNING RESOURCES well as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material pages
3. Textbook pages
The Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) The Small and Medium Enterprises The Small and Medium Enterprises The Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
are the lifeblood of the economy. Without (SMEs) are the lifeblood of the economy. (SMEs) are the lifeblood of the economy. are the lifeblood of the economy. Without
B. Establishing a purpose for entrepreneurs managing these enterprises, Without entrepreneurs managing these Without entrepreneurs managing these entrepreneurs managing these enterprises,
the lesson there can be no additional production, enterprises, there can be no additional enterprises, there can be no additional there can be no additional production,
innovation and contribution to economic production, innovation and contribution production, innovation and contribution innovation and contribution to economic
and social development. to economic and social development. to economic and social development. and social development.
The Small and Medium Enterprise Marketing Registering with the Securities and Registering with the Securities and
C. Presenting Development (SMED) Council was created in The DTI through its various agencies, Exchange Commission Exchange Commission
examples/instances of the 1991 to integrate and synchronize various provide marketing support to small
new lesson efforts. The SMEDC has an array of programs enterprises by means of:
15
to assist small businesses. The areas of Exposure in local and SEC is the government agency SEC is the government agency
assistance cover finance, marketing, training international trade fairs, that gives the business that gives the business enterprise
and human resource development and expositions, trade missions to enterprise its legal personality. its legal personality.
product development and technology various countries-trading Partnership and corporations Partnership and corporations
assistance. partners, and other trade need to be registered with the need to be registered with the
events through the Center for SEC. SEC.
International Trade Expositions REQUIREMENT DOCUMENTS FOR REQUIREMENT DOCUMENTS FOR
and Missions (CITEM) APPLICANT CORPORATION [Stock (S), APPLICANT CORPORATION [Stock (S), Non-
Provision of domestic trade Non-Stock (NS) and Partnership (P)] Stock (NS) and Partnership (P)]
database including local 1. Name Verification Slip (S/NS/P) 15. Name Verification Slip (S/NS/P)
suppliers courtesy of the 2. Articles of Incorporation and By- 16. Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws
Bureau of Domestic Trade Laws or Articles of Partnership or Articles of Partnership (S/NS/P)
(BDT) (S/NS/P) 17. Treasurer’s Affidavit/Authority to
Provision of export trade 3. Treasurer’s Affidavit/Authority to Verify Bank Account (S)
database and consultation Verify Bank Account (S) 18. Bank Certificate of Deposit (notarized
services by the Bureau of 4. Bank Certificate of Deposit in place where bank is located (S)
Export Trade Promotion (BETP) (notarized in place where bank is 19. Written Undertaking to Change
and the Bureau of International located (S) Corporate Name by any Incorporator
Trade Relations (BITR) 5. Written Undertaking to Change or Director, Trustee, Partner (S/NS/P)
Corporate Name by any 20. Registration Data Sheet (S/NS/P)
Incorporator or Director, Trustee, 21. Clearance from other government
Partner (S/NS/P) agencies
6. Registration Data Sheet (S/NS/P) 22. Resolution of the Board of Trustees
7. Clearance from other government that the corporation will comply with
agencies SEC requirements for non-stock
8. Resolution of the Board of Trustees corporations
that the corporation will comply 23. List of members certified by the
with SEC requirements for non- Secretary and undertaking to submit
stock corporations list of additional members to SEC
9. List of members certified by the from time to time (NS)
Secretary and undertaking to 24. List of contributors and their
submit list of additional members to corresponding contributions certified
SEC from time to time (NS) by the Treasurer (NS)
10. List of contributors and their 25. Affidavit of Affirmation or Verification
corresponding contributions by the Chief Priest, Minister, Rabbi or
certified by the Treasurer (NS) Presiding Elder (for religious
11. Affidavit of Affirmation or organizations) (NS)
Verification by the Chief Priest, 26. Customs Broker Licenses and PTR of
Minister, Rabbi or Presiding Elder at least 2 Officers or Partners (for
(for religious organizations) (NS) custom brokerage ) (S/NS/P)
12. Customs Broker Licenses and PTR of 27. Articles of Partnership (for limited
at least 2 Officers or Partners (for Partnerships, this should be executed
custom brokerage ) (S/NS/P) under oath) (P)
13. Articles of Partnership (for limited 28. Foreign Investment Application Form
Partnerships, this should be (for subsidiaries of foreign
executed under oath) (P) corporation) (S)
16
14. Foreign Investment Application
Form (for subsidiaries of foreign
corporation) (S)
These are the support services provided: Training and Human Resource Registration Procedures: Registration Procedures:
1. Finance – government banks and Development Verify/reserve proposed name with Verify/reserve proposed name with the
the National Livelihood Support The DTI has set up SME centers the Name Verification Unit Name Verification Unit
Fund have agreed in 2003 to nationwide to assist entrepreneurs in Draw up the Articles of Incorporation Draw up the Articles of Incorporation
simplify and standardize lending their finance, marketing, technology and and By-Laws in accordance with the and By-Laws in accordance with the
procedures, lower interest rates, training needs. In terms of formal Corporation Code. Blank forms are Corporation Code. Blank forms are also
and facilitate loan releases to small training, entrepreneurs can check out the also available from the CRMD. available from the CRMD.
enterprises under a unified following services in SME centers: If required, get endorsements from If required, get endorsements from
scheme called SULONG. Skills and other production-related other government agencies. other government agencies.
training Deposit paid-up capital/contribution Deposit paid-up capital/contribution
Entrepreneurship, managerial training (for foundations only) in the bank (for foundations only) in the bank
including business improvement Present six (6) sets of the Present six (6) sets of the accomplished
Export marketing training accomplished forms and documents forms and documents for preprocessing
for preprocessing at the CRMD. Only at the CRMD. Only complete application
D. Discussing new concepts
complete application documents are documents are accepted for processing.
and practicing new skills #1 accepted for processing. All All documents executed outside the
documents executed outside the Philippine must be authenticated by the
Philippine must be authenticated by appropriate Philippine Embassy or
the appropriate Philippine Embassy consulate in the area concerned.
or consulate in the area concerned. Pay the filing fees to the Cashier.
Pay the filing fees to the Cashier. Claim the Certificate/License from the
Claim the Certificate/License from Releasing Unit, Records Division upon
the Releasing Unit, Records Division presentation of the official receipt
upon presentation of the official issued for payment of filing fee.
receipt issued for payment of filing FOR COMPLETE DETAILS AND ONLINE
fee. REGISTRATION, VISIT
FOR COMPLETE DETAILS AND ONLINE www.sec.gov.ph/secireg.htm
REGISTRATION, VISIT
www.sec.gov.ph/secireg.htm
Product Development and Technology Registering with the Social Security Registering with the Social Security System
Assistance System (SSS) (SSS)
For assistance in product design and An employer, or any person who An employer, or any person who uses
development, the agency to uses the services of another person the services of another person in
approach is the Product in business, trade, industry or any business, trade, industry or any
Development and Design Center of undertaking must be registered undertaking must be registered with
E. Discussing new concepts the Philippines (PDDCP) with the SSS. Social, civic, the SSS. Social, civic, professional,
and practicing new skills #2 For packaging design, testing and professional, charitable and other charitable and other non-profit
analysis, it is the Packaging Research non-profit organizations, which hire organizations, which hire the services of
and Development Center (PRDC) the services of employees, are employees, are considered
The DOST has a number of research considered “employers.” “employers.”
and development institutes that GUIDELINES: GUIDELINES:
undertake R&D for new products 1. Single Proprietorships – the owner 4. Single Proprietorships – the owner must
and product innovations. must accomplish and submit SSS accomplish and submit SSS Forms R-1
17
Forms R-1 (Employer’s Data Record) (Employer’s Data Record) and R-!A (Initial
and R-!A (Initial or Subsequent List of or Subsequent List of Employees)
Employees) 5. Partnerships – any of the partners should
2. Partnerships – any of the partners accomplish SSS Forms R-1 (Employer’s
should accomplish SSS Forms R-1 Data Record) and R-!A (Initial or
(Employer’s Data Record) and R-!A Subsequent List of Employees) and
(Initial or Subsequent List of submit these forms together with a
Employees) and submit these forms photocopy of the Articles of Partnership.
together with a photocopy of the The original copy of the Articles of
Articles of Partnership. The original Partnership must be presented for
copy of the Articles of Partnership authentication.
must be presented for 6. Corporations – a corporation must
authentication. accomplish SSS Forms R-1 (Employer’s
3. Corporations – a corporation must Data Record) and R-!A (Initial or
accomplish SSS Forms R-1 Subsequent List of Employees) signed by
(Employer’s Data Record) and R-!A its president or any of the corporate
(Initial or Subsequent List of officers or incorporators. Submit these
Employees) signed by its president or forms together with the photocopy of
any of the corporate officers or the Articles of Incorporation. The original
incorporators. Submit these forms copy of the Articles of Incorporation
together with the photocopy of the must be presented for authentication.
Articles of Incorporation. The original FOR COMPLETE DETAILS AND
copy of the Articles of Incorporation INFORMATION, VISIT www.sss.gov.ph
must be presented for
authentication.
FOR COMPLETE DETAILS AND
INFORMATION, VISIT www.sss.gov.ph
Legal Requirements Registering with the Cooperative Registering with the Cooperative
A new enterprise has to be registered Development Authority (CDA) Development Authority (CDA)
in various government agencies All cooperatives are required to All cooperatives are required to
The complexity of registration varies register with the CDA as per Republic register with the CDA as per
according to the legal form of the Act 6938/6939 Republic Act 6938/6939
business STEPS: STEPS:
Registering with the Department of 1. Submit 4 copies of the Articles 7. Submit 4 copies of the Articles of
Trade and Industry (DTI) of Cooperation Cooperation
STEPS FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER 2. Submit 4 copies of the By-Laws 8. Submit 4 copies of the By-Laws
REGISTRATION: 3. Submit 4 copies of the 9. Submit 4 copies of the Economic Survey
F. Developing mastery (Leads
A. Obtain application forms Economic Survey (feasibility study) (feasibility study)
to Formative Assessment) (duplicate copy) and fill these 4. Submit Bond Accountable 10. Submit Bond Accountable Officers
up completely. Only the owner Officers (Fidelity, Cash, Surety) (Fidelity, Cash, Surety)
of the business or his/her 5. Capitalization should not be 11. Capitalization should not be lower
Attorney-In-Fact (who is lower than 2000 (depending on the than 2000 (depending on the activities
authorized in a proper legal activities registered) registered)
instrument) is authorized to 6. At least 15 members are 12. At least 15 members are required
sign all the forms. required FOR COMPLETE DETAILS AND
B. Meet the following FOR COMPLETE DETAILS AND INFORMATION, VISIT www.cda.gov.ph
requirements (For Single INFORMATION, VISIT www.cda.gov.ph
Proprietorship):
18
Must be a Filipino citizen, at
least 18 years old. Filipinos
with names suggestive of
alien nationality must
submit any of the following
proof of citizenship: birth
certificate, PRC ID, voter’s
ID, or valid passport. If the
applicant has acquired
Filipino citizenship by
naturalization, election or
by other means provided by
law, he/she must submit
any of the following proof
of his/her Filipino
citizenship: naturalization
certificate and oath of
allegiance, card issued by
the Bureau of Immigration
and Deportation and
affidavit of election, or ID
card issued by the BID
Certain types of businesses
may have other
requirements, such as
service and repair shops,
real estate brokers, dental/
medical clinic/ hospitals,
pawnshops, manpower
services, engineering/
architectural services and
other services provided by
professionals.
C. Submit application form to the
DTI Processor. The DTI
Processor will check if the
Business Name is still available,
if yes, you will be asked to pay
the application fee.
D. Pay the required registration
and processing fee. A penalty is
imposed if the BNRS certificate
is not renewed within the 3-
month grace period from the
certificate’s expiration date.
E. After showing the receipt to
the processor, the Business
19
Name Certificate will be
released.
F. Your Business Name certificate
is valid for 5 years from date of
registration. (Note: During peak
season, the applicant will be
given a schedule date to file
his/her application.)
G. Finding practical
applications of concepts and
skills in daily living
Governments, past and present, have Governments, past and present, have Governments, past and present, have Governments, past and present, have
learned to make and have made learned to make and have made learned to make and have made learned to make and have made
entrepreneurship a priority in their entrepreneurship a priority in their entrepreneurship a priority in their entrepreneurship a priority in their
economic programs. In our country, the economic programs. In our country, the economic programs. In our country, the economic programs. In our country, the
creation of millions of new entrepreneurs creation of millions of new creation of millions of new creation of millions of new entrepreneurs
H. Making generalizations and tops the 10-point economic agenda, and it entrepreneurs tops the 10-point entrepreneurs tops the 10-point tops the 10-point economic agenda, and it
abstractions about the lesson also includes the creation of millions of jobs economic agenda, and it also includes economic agenda, and it also includes also includes the creation of millions of jobs
through more opportunities to the creation of millions of jobs through the creation of millions of jobs through through more opportunities to
entrepreneurs and a tripling of loan amounts more opportunities to entrepreneurs and more opportunities to entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs and a tripling of loan
made available to SMEs. a tripling of loan amounts made available a tripling of loan amounts made available amounts made available to SMEs.
to SMEs. to SMEs.
I. Evaluating learning
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your
VI. REFLECTION instructional supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
20
C. Did the remedial lessons work? No. of
students who caught up with the lesson
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
21
3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of
C. Learning Competencies/ marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of
Objectives (Write the LC marketing strategy marketing strategy marketing strategy marketing strategy
Code) TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town)
2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market
II. CONTENT 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors)
4. Products and services available in the 4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in
market the market the market the market
III. LEARNING List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as well
RESOURCES as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material
pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional Materials
from Learning Resource
portal
B. Other Learning
Resources
22
Government Support and Legal Continuation….
Requirements
A. Reviewing previous
lesson or presenting a new
lesson
The Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Marketing is an organizational function Marketing is an organizational function Let’s Perform:
are the lifeblood of the economy. Without and a set of process for creating, and a set of process for creating, 1. Together with your groupmates, go
entrepreneurs managing these enterprises, communicating and delivering value to communicating and delivering value to back to the entrepreneur you have
there can be no additional production, customers and for managing customer customers and for managing customer interviewed before. Ask them how
innovation and contribution to economic relationships in ways that benefits the relationships in ways that benefits the they apply the 7Ps of marketing by
and social development. organization and its stake holders. organization and its stake holders. using the following guide questions:
a. How do you develop your
product/service?
b. How do you price fairly?
c. How do you provide the right
place for the customer to access
and experience your
product/service?
B. Establishing a purpose d. How do you promote your
for the lesson product/service to create an
impact, differentiate from
competitors and further brand
image?
e. What is the process you use to
deliver your product/service to
the customer?
f. Who are the people who
represent your company and
what are the skills that they
need?
g. How do you provide physical
evidence of the superior nature
of your product/service?
Review: Traditional marketing mix elements is Traditional marketing mix elements is Based on the answers of your chosen
C. Presenting Areas of government assistance: finance, comprised of the 4Ps of product, price, comprised of the 4Ps of product, price, entrepreneurs, fill up the form on the next
examples/instances of the marketing, training and human resource place and promotion. In 1981, Booms and place and promotion. In 1981, Booms and page and then compare your data with the
new lesson development, and product development and Bitner extended it by 3 new Ps that Bitner extended it by 3 new Ps that other groups in class. What did you learn
technology assistance. directly relate to the service provision directly relate to the service provision about the use of the 7Ps in marketing?
23
industry namely people, physical evidence industry namely people, physical evidence
and process. and process.
The marketing mix decisions are made for The marketing mix decisions are made for
influencing the trade channels as well as influencing the trade channels as well as
the ultimate customers’ solutions, cost, the ultimate customers’ solutions, cost,
convenience and awareness of what is convenience and awareness of what is
being offered in the market. being offered in the market.
D. Discussing new concepts
and practicing new skills #1
G. Finding practical
applications of concepts
and skills in daily living
Marketing is the art and science of Marketing is the art and science of
choosing target markets and getting, choosing target markets and getting,
keeping and growing customers through keeping and growing customers through
creating, delivering and communicating creating, delivering and communicating
H. Making generalizations superior customer value. It is also the superior customer value. It is also the
and abstractions about the performance of activities that seek to performance of activities that seek to
lesson accomplish an organization’s objectives by accomplish an organization’s objectives by
anticipating customer or client needs and anticipating customer or client needs and
directing a flow of need-satisfying goods directing a flow of need-satisfying goods
and services from producer to customer and services from producer to customer
or client. It is not only the selling of the or client. It is not only the selling of the
25
product or service but more importantly product or service but more importantly
to know and understand the customers to know and understand the customers
very well that the product or service very well that the product or service
meets their need so it sells itself. meets their need so it sells itself.
Discuss in what government agencies should Choose one among the 4 traditional Choose one among the 4 traditional
a small sized, sole proprietor who intends to elements of Ps of the marketing mix. elements of Ps of the marketing mix.
I. Evaluating learning open a bakeshop should register.
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your
VI. REFLECTION instructional supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
26
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of
marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of
C. Learning Competencies/
marketing strategy marketing strategy marketing strategy marketing strategy
Objectives (Write the LC Code)
TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town)
2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market
II. CONTENT 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors)
4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in the
the market the market the market market
List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as
III. LEARNING RESOURCES well as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material pages
3. Textbook pages
27
Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Session 4
These steps should be done across the week. Spread out the activities appropriately so that the students will learn well. Always be guided by demonstration of learning by the students which you can infer
IV. PROCEDURES from formative assessment activities. Sustain learning systematically by providing students with multiple ways to learn new things, practice their learning, question their learning processes and draw
conclusions about what they learned in relation to their life experiences and previous knowledge. Indicate the time allotment for each step.
The class will be divided into groups. Each “Research is formalized curiosity. It is “Research is formalized curiosity. It is “When people use your brand name as a
group will be developing an exquisite food poking and prying with a purpose.” (Zora poking and prying with a purpose.” (Zora verb, that is remarkable.” (Meg Whitman)
to be served to the judges for them to be Neale Hurston) Neale Hurston)
graded. Brand Logos are graphic marks or symbols
Market research is the process of Market research is the process of commonly used by commercial enterprises,
gathering information which will make gathering information which will make organizations and even individuals to aid and
the company more aware of how the the company more aware of how the promote instant public recognition.
people and company hopes to sell to, will people and company hopes to sell to, will
react to the company’s current or react to the company’s current or
potential products or services. It is an potential products or services. It is an
A. Reviewing previous lesson information gathering exercise to information gathering exercise to
or presenting a new lesson determine the viability or acceptability of determine the viability or acceptability of
a product or service an entrepreneur a product or service an entrepreneur
intends to offer in the market. intends to offer in the market.
28
6. Prepare for business expansion - Comparative analysis - understand
research will help you identify areas where else customer to go get similar
for expansion and test the market’s information, services or product and
readiness for a new product/service what attracts them to those sources.
7. Identify business opportunities – by Trend explanation - If you notice a
identifying un-serviced or under- trend in the way that customer use
serviced market, you could identify your website, then focus groups can
changing market trends. be used to better understand why
this is happening.
CONSIDERATION IN THE USE OF FGDs IN
MARKET RESEARCH:
Limit the length of the session to
between 90 and 120 minutes.
Generally, conduct focus groups with
8 to 10 participants per group (recruit
10 to 12 participants to ensure that 8
to 10 show up).
Use a knowledgeable moderator/
facilitator who can manage group
dynamics, probe skillfully to obtain
deeper understanding to issues and
capture a broad spectrum of options.
Use a semi-structured or open-format
discussion.
Strive for uniformity in the group’s
composition.
If you feel that group influence is
likely to be a strong factor
participants will be influenced greatly
by what other are saying), then
personal interviews or smaller groups
may be an option to consider than
FGD.
To conduct market research , it is PERSONAL INTERVIEW ACCORDING TO:
important to set clear goals for the Traditional method of data collection Canon
market research activity and define what which is normally done on a face-to- Perrault
are needed to be known and why. face manner with the respondents. McCarthy
They can either be semi-structured BRANDING means:
discussion with individual or open- ‘the use of a name, term, symbol or
C. Presenting ended questions where the interview design – or a combination of these – to
examples/instances of the new can probe further to understand identify a product.’
lesson underlying perceptions and behavior It encompasses the use of brand names,
market research and analysis (2015), trademarks and all other means of
personal interviews are a more product identification.
expensive alternative to FGDs and are Providing products and services with the
generally used in the following power of brand
situations: It’s all about making differences
29
The topic is too personal or sensitive to To brand a product , it is essential to
be discussed in a group or teach consumers “who” the products is –
confidentiality of the participant is by giving it a name and does “why”
required. consumers should care
A person’s opinion may easily be It involves developing mental structures
influenced by others in the group and assisting consumers organize their
It is as important to learn as much knowledge about products and services
about what people don’t know about a in simplifying their decision making.
subject, as what they know. BRAND NAME
Logistic problems may make groups Word, letter or a group of words or letters
impractical Many customers are willing are willing to
The interview respondents are buy a sure thing the next time.
executives from competing firms who The connection maybe learned from past
would be reluctant to open up in a consumer experience, from the
group situation. company’s promotion or other advertising
The interview respondents are busy agencies.
and it is difficult to schedule group TRADEMARK
sessions, or it is important to visit It is a legal term that includes only
interview respondents individually at those words, symbols, or marks
their convenience. that are legally registered for use
CONSIDERATIONS IN THE USE OF by a single company.
PERSONAL INTERVIEWS IN MARKET SERVICE MARK
RESEARCH: It is the same as a trademark
It can be helpful to use a list of mostly except that it refers to a service
open-ended questions to be asked in offering.
person or by telephone.
An in-depth interview gives
participants the opportunity to
express their views.
Interviews typically last from 15 to 40
minutes, but they can last longer,
depending on the participant’s
interest in the topic.
This technique allows the interviewer
the interviewer to get detailed
descriptions of individual experiences.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH b. Secondary Research
1. Primary research is information Gather data from existing available
gathered directly from the resources like company records,
respondents who answered set of data bases, research reports
questions. This information is usually published in the media, internet
D. Discussing new concepts collected through surveys, search engines, libraries and books
and practicing new skills #1 observation, focused group which answer the question at hand.
discussion or experimentation. Normally less time consuming than
a. Survey – the most common way primary research, can be less
to gather primary research with expensive as well.
the use of questionnaire or
interview schedule. These can
30
be done via direct mail, over the Another key secondary resource is
phone, internet or email, face to statistical data from official
face or on web. Guidelines in statistics providers.
making questionnaire:
Keep it as short and simple as
possible.
Make sure it is visually appealing
and easy to read.
Cluster or blocked related
questions.
Move from general questions to
more specific questions
Move from easy to answer
questions to more difficult to
answer questions
Make sure questions are brief and
easily understood
Avoid leading questions, questions
with ambiguous words, questions
that are too difficult to answer
Make sure any response scales used
are logical with categories that are
mutually exclusive.
Always pre-test the questionnaire to
establish its reliability and validity as
well as identity potential problems
like length of answering and the use
of the language of understanding.
G. Finding practical
applications of concepts and
skills in daily living
When developing a product, the Market research is undertaken so that an Market research is undertaken so that an Brand names connect a product with the
entrepreneur must know all the details entrepreneur can have information entrepreneur can have information benefits a customer can expect. The
H. Making generalizations and with regards to the process to be needed to make informed business needed to make informed business connection may be learned from past
abstractions about the lesson undergone in order for him/her to priced decisions about start-up, innovation, decisions about start-up, innovation, consumer experience from the company’s
it fairly and developed accordingly. growth and the 7Ps of marketing mix. growth and the 7Ps of marketing mix. promotion or other advertising strategies
31
Differentiate primary research from Differentiate primary research from
I. Evaluating learning secondary research, give examples. secondary research, give examples.
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your
VI. REFLECTION instructional supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
32
Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Session 4
Objectives must be met over the week and connected to the curriculum standards. To meet the objectives, necessary procedures must be followed and if needed, additional lessons, exercises and remedial
I. OBJECTIVES activities may be done for developing content knowledge and competencies. These are assessed using Formative Assessment strategies. Valuing objectives support the learning of content and competencies
and enable children to find significance and joy in learning the lessons. Weekly objectives shall be derived from the curriculum guides.
The learners demonstrates The learners demonstrates understanding The learners demonstrates The learners demonstrates
A. Content Standards understanding of environment and of environment and market in one’s understanding of environment and understanding of environment and
market in one’s locality/town locality/town market in one’s locality/town market in one’s locality/town
The learner independently creates a The learner independently creates a The learner independently creates a The learner independently creates a
B. Performance Standards business vicinity map reflective of business vicinity map reflective of business vicinity map reflective of business vicinity map reflective of
potential market in one’s locality/town potential market in one’s locality/town potential market in one’s locality/town potential market in one’s locality/town
3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of marketing 3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of
C. Learning Competencies/ marketing mix in the development of mix in the development of marketing marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of
Objectives (Write the LC marketing strategy strategy marketing strategy marketing strategy
Code) TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town)
2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market
II. CONTENT 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors)
4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in the 4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in
the market market the market the market
List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as
III. LEARNING RESOURCES well as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material pages
3. Textbook pages
33
These steps should be done across the week. Spread out the activities appropriately so that the students will learn well. Always be guided by demonstration of learning by the students which you can infer
IV. PROCEDURES from formative assessment activities. Sustain learning systematically by providing students with multiple ways to learn new things, practice their learning, question their learning processes and draw
conclusions about what they learned in relation to their life experiences and previous knowledge. Indicate the time allotment for each step.
Marketing involves getting the message The BUSINESS PLAN is a blueprint of the ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A GOOD
out to customers about the product or business that the entrepreneur would BUSINESS PLAN:
service. like to start.
It aims to establish if a business BUSINESS PLAN OUTLINE
Marketing is the process of planning and idea will bring in a fair return 1. Executive Summary
executing the conception, pricing, to one’s investment, will be Description of the proposed
promotion and ideas, goods and services beneficial to the society and business and business model
to create exchanges that satisfy will bring no harm to the Description of the market
individual and organizational objectives. environment when it is opportunity to capture or
operated. market problem the business
Its goal is to assess the solves
feasibility of the business idea, Reasons for why this is an
develop business strategies to attractive business
make the business idea doable opportunity
and to use it for obtaining Key distinctions or
resources, especially loans differentiators of the
from financial institutions like business versus competitors
banks. Overview of the sales,
marketing and operations
strategy and plan
Description of the execution
A. Reviewing previous lesson plan and timeline
or presenting a new lesson Overview of projected
financials that is containing
revenues, costs, profits and
assumptions.
2. Management and Organization
Company Name, Logo and
Address
Vision and Mission
statements
Key Personnel
Workforce and Support
Personnel
Organizational Chart
Ownership, Capitalization,
Compensation and
Incentives
External Management
Support
3. Product/Service Plan
Purpose of the
product/service
Product’s unique features
34
Material requirements and
sources of supply
Process an equipment that
will be used to manufacture
the product/render the
service
Production/Service Process
and Controls
Distribution Logistics
Regulatory and other
compliance issues
4. Market Plan
Market analysis which includes
demand and supply vis-à-vis
competitors
Marketing and Sales strategies
Product/Service characteristics
or features
Pricing policy
Sales projections
5. Financial Plan
Start-up Costs requirements
Financial projections
Break even analysis
budget
Marketing Management Practices SALES PROMOTION MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED REASONS WHY AN ENTREPRENEUR
1. Estimate potential market THROUGH ANY OF THE FOLLOWING WAYS: STILL NEEDS TO MAKE A BUSINESS
demand – look for facts about 1. Newspapers, radio and other forms PLAN, NO MATTER HOW GOOD THE
the industry where the of media – put up advertisements BUSINESS IDEA SEEMS TO BE:
entrepreneur intends to enter, regarding a certain product 1. Reduce if not remove the risk of
census data is a good source of 2. Window displays – attractive losing money invested in a poorly
estimates to be able to project displays in front of a department researched or unstudied business
sales store and supermarket idea.
2. Analyze the competitors – 3. Fashion shows - an event at which 2. Avoid costly mistakes
knowing what the competitor’s collections of newly designed 3. Anticipate the financial
B. Establishing a purpose for marketing is and clothing are modeled for an requirements – foresee the ups
the lesson understanding why target audience and downs
market is buying or will buy 4. Exhibits – goods may be put on 4. Organize the activities beforehand
from the competitor that is: display by exhibiting it in the lobby – business performances in the
the competitor’s products or of a hotel or shopping mall future
services, how much they cost, 5. Lecture and demonstration – 5. Assess actual performance against
how they are distributed and products may be advertised by set goals – set targets in terms of
how they are made known to inviting prospective customers to sales volumes and revenues
the target market. attend a lecture about the product. 6. Apply for financing from lending
3. Price the product/service Demonstration is the process of institutions – back up support in
reasonably – a product can showing to others how a certain case of need
have great features and products work or is used.
35
benefits, but the price for the 6. Product sampling – new products
product can have a greater may be advertised by giving free
influence on how it will sell in samples.
the marketplace. 7. Quantity discounts – to attract
4. Adopt a good product name buyers, owners may announce bog
for branding – when a name is discounts on products
different or unusual, it may 8. House to house selling – bringing
attract attention and perhaps product directly to customers
arouse curiosity. 9. Telephone – calling people telling
5. Put price tags – all goods being them about the products
sold must have a price tag – a 10. E-mail – sending flyers via email
label to the price of an item 11. Website – put up own website for
being sold in a store – the business
amount of money a buyer pays 12. Social network – advertise thru
in order to own the item. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter,
6. Promote the products/services Yahoo etc.
in various ways to increase 13. Sales Events – stores announces
sales – products or services of celebration of certain events
the firm need to be advertised 14. Poster – listing of prices of various
in order to generate sales. The goods found in a shelf or a corner
entrepreneur has to devise for the information of the
ways of making people know customers.
and want to buy their
products. This phase of the
business falls under sales
promotion.
7. Attend to the complaints of
customers – among the
practices being resorted to by
business establishments is
establishing a customer service
counter.
8. Issue official receipts to
customers – all business
establishments are required to
issue official receipts
9. Practice courtesy and
efficiency in serving customers
– threating customers in a
courteous manner means
greeting them upon entering
the store and thanking them
upon leaving, promptly
attending to their orders,
informing customers as to the
length of time an order can be
finished, requesting people to
sit down while waiting for their
36
orders, answering all queries
and delivering the product or
service on the time and date as
promised.
10. Pack the goods bought by
customers properly – loading
goods inside a paper bag
should be done properly
11. Observe the right of customers
– consumers need protection
from manufacturers who
produce poor quality goods
and from service providers
who provide inefficient service
PUTTING PRICE TAGS ON GOODS BEING A Business Plan is very important to
SOLD HAVE THE FOLLOWING various parties. Among those who need
ADVANTAGES business plans are the:
The price of an item is readily Management team
available to the buyer Shareholders
Eliminates inconveniences on Bankers
both the seller and the buyer Creditors
as to the process of inquiry Customers
regarding the prices of goods Suppliers and
C. Presenting being sold. Employees
examples/instances of the A buyer can save time in To gain their confidence, these
new lesson choosing goods because he can stakeholders will have to be informed
easily pick out goods he can about what are the:
afford Purposes
The government can easily Directions
monitor stores which are Core Business and
selling goods at a higher price Financial Situation
than the prices specified by the Of the business venture from the time it
Price Control Council. will start and in the next few years based
on its forecast.
37
F. Developing mastery (Leads
to Formative Assessment)
G. Finding practical
applications of concepts and
skills in daily living
It is not only the selling of the product or It is not only the selling of the product or Preparing a business plan draws on a Preparing a business plan draws on a wide
service but more importantly to know service but more importantly to know and wide range of knowledge from many range of knowledge from many different
H. Making generalizations and understand the customers very well understand the customers very well that the different business disciplines: finance, business disciplines: finance, human
and abstractions about the that the product or service meets their product or service meets their need so it sells human resource management, resource management, intellectual
lesson need so it sells itself. itself. intellectual property management, property management, supply chain
supply chain management and management and marketing management.
marketing management.
Discuss the various ways to promote a Discuss the various ways to promote a Discuss the 5 basic elements of a good Discuss the 5 basic elements of a good
business. business. business plan. business plan.
I. Evaluating learning Discuss what the rights of the consumers Discuss what the rights of the consumers to
to be observed by the entrepreneur are. be observed by the entrepreneur are.
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your
VI. REFLECTION instructional supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
38
E. Which of my teaching strategies work
well? Why did these work?
39
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of 3. Recognize the Importance of 4. Demonstrate understanding of the
marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of marketing mix in the development of 4M’s of operations
C. Learning Competencies/
marketing strategy marketing strategy marketing strategy TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-2
Objectives (Write the LC Code)
TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-1
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
1. Market (locality/town) 1. Market (locality/town)
2. Key concepts of market 2. Key concepts of market
II. CONTENT 3. Players in the market (competitors) 3. Players in the market (competitors)
4. Products and services available in 4. Products and services available in
the market the market
List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as
III. LEARNING RESOURCES well as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material pages
3. Textbook pages
40
4. Additional Materials from
Learning Resource portal
42
possible and entice your audience to
learn more about your company.
43
equipment you might need, and your
roadmap for getting your business up
and running. Finally, you’ll want to
outline the key metrics you’ll be
tracking to make sure your business
is headed in the right direction.
6. Financial Plan
At the very least this section should
include your projected Profit and
Loss and Cash Flow tables, and a brief
description of the assumptions
you’re making with your projections.
You may also want to include your
balance sheet, your sales forecast,
business ratios, and a break-even
analysis.
Finally, if you are raising money or
taking out loans, you should highlight
the money you need to launch the
business.
Detailed business plan outline: PRODUCTION/OPERATIONS
C. Presenting 1.0 Executive Summary MANAGEMENT
examples/instances of the new 1.1 Problem “Production is an activity that converts
lesson 1.2 Solution materials into useful forms. The materials
1.3 Market may be raw materials, semi-processed or
44
1.4 Competition semi-finished goods, or even finished
1.5 Financial Highlights products. Machinery, equipment,
2.0 Products and Services methods and processes are the basic
elements of production.”
2.1 Problem Worth Solving
2.2 Our Solution
2.3 Validation of Problem and Solution
2.4 Roadmap/Future Plans
3.0 Market Analysis Summary
7.0 Appendix
45
THE 4M’s OF PRODUCTION
1. Method. The Manager will determine
the most efficient way or each portion
of the process to be done to eliminate
damage to the product and to
eliminate areas where time and
manpower are be wasted. Controlling
waste is the key to efficient and
profitable production.
2. Manpower. When examining the
Methods you now have in place what
is the ideal number of people it will
take to perform these methods and
what positions should they be in! #ow
will the personnel be trained and
measured for performance! What is
the $cycle time% of each part of the
Method.
3. Machines. When examining your
facilities vehicles and tools do you
D. Discussing new concepts have everything you need to ensure
and practicing new skills #1 the safety of the employees while
maximizing the efficiency and
productivity of the department, all
employees have access to the same
tools and equipment in needed, the
tools enable them to perform tasks
independently, they trained on how
to maintain the machinery and tools?
4. Materials. Do you have the materials
needed to perform all parts of
production and are they conveniently
located to minimize waste? Example:
All material needed to clean and
package are always available and are
placed to minimize effort. Does the
layout of the production department
minimize wasted movement?
Example: Does the part flow go in one
direction or does it zig and zag
throughout your facility.
On the other hand, operations
management refers to the activities,
decisions and responsibilities of managing
E. Discussing new concepts the resources which are dedicated to the
and practicing new skills #2 production and delivery of products and
services. It can significantly contribute to
the success of the business by using one’s
46
available resources to effectively produce
products and services in a way that
satisfies customers.
4 MAIN ADVANTAGES AN EFFECTIVE
OPERATION CAN PROVIDE TO THE
ENTREPRENEUR’S BUSINESS:
Reducing the costs of producing
products and services as well as being
efficient
Increasing revenue by increasing
customer satisfaction through good
F. Developing mastery (Leads quality and service
to Formative Assessment) Reducing the amount of investment
that is necessary to produce the
required type and quantity of products
and services by increasing the effective
capacity of the operation
Providing the basis for future
innovation, by building a solid base of
operations, skills and knowledge within
the business.
G. Finding practical
applications of concepts and
skills in daily living
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your
VI. REFLECTION instructional supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
47
A. No. of learners who earned 80% on the
formative assessment
48
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as well
RESOURCES as paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Material
pages
3. Textbook pages
49
4. Additional Materials
from Learning Resource
portal
B. Other Learning
Resources
50
2. Adopt a good selection
process.
Selection is the "process by which the
organization attempts to identify
applicants with the necessary
knowledge, skills, abilities, and
other characteristics that will help
the organization achieve its goals."
The process of selecting the
employees varies considerably from
organization to organization, and
from job to job. In most
organizations, selection includes
the steps of screening
application/resume; testing and
reviewing work samples;
interviewing candidates; checking
references and background; and
making a selection.
3. Develop effective training
program
Training is a set of activities aimed to
facilitate learning of knowledge,
attitude and skills among people in
the organization, to, in turn
improve their current job
performance and contribution to
the achievement of an
organizational goals. It has become
part of organizational learning and
change in employee performance.
Noe (2002) believed that training is
a planned effort by a company to
facilitate employees' learning of
job-related competencies. These
competencies include knowledge,
skills or behaviors that are critical
for successful job performance.
51
4. Conduct Performance
Management
Performance Management is the
"process through which managers
ensure that employees' activities
and outputs contribute to the
organization's goals" (Noe, et al.,
2004). Performance Management is
crucial, especially when the
business is more complex, and
goals are constantly changing.
Measuring and managing
performance is a challenging task
and one of the keys to gaining
competitive advantage. The
conduct of regular performance
assessment either twice a year or
yearly will enable the employees to
know how they are doing in their
job. During this occasion, skills and
abilities gaps must be identified and
appropriate training must be given
to fill in these gaps. In other words,
if they are not doing as expected,
the employees may be equipped
with the right skills and knowledge
to positively contribute to the
achievement of business goals.
5. Implement an attractive
compensation scheme.
Compensation refers to all forms of
financial returns and tangible
services and benefits that
employees receive as part of an
employment relationship.
Employee benefits in particular,
refers to the part of the
compensation package, other than
pay for time worked, provided to
52
employees in whole or in part by
employer payments (e.g, life
insurance, pension , workers'
compensation and vacation).
Compensation also pertains to the
methods and practices of
maintaining balance between the
interests of operating the company
within the fiscal budget, and
attracting developing, retaining ,
and rewarding high quality staff
through wages and salaries which
are competitive with the prevailing
rates for similar employment in the
labor markets.
6. Design work family balance
programs.
Work family balance may be defined
as the degree to which an individual
is able to simultaneously balance
the temporal, emotional, and
behavioural demands of both paid
work and family responsibilities
(Hill,Hawkins,Ferris,and Weitzman,
2001). Work life balance has been
an increasing concern for
employees. The increased demand
on the job and at home have made
managing work and family life
increasingly difficult (Shore, 1998).
But there are ways to help
employees balance their work and
personal lives, such as flextime and
flexplace programs. Although
flextime and flexplace program
have been adopted at many
companies, these way not be fully
utilized by employees
(Hochschild,1997). The study of Hill,
53
Hawkins, Ferris, and Weitzman
(2001) also examined the influence
of perceive flexibility in the timing
and location of work on work-
family balance. Result indicated
that perceived job flexibility is
related to improve work-family
balance after controlling for paid
hours, unpaid domestic labor
hours, gender, marital status,
occupation Level. Perceived job
flexibility appears to be beneficial
both to individual and to
businesses. Given the same
workload, individuals with
perceived job flexibility have more
favorable work-family balance.
8. Determine the
Entrepreneur’s Role in the
Business. Many small businesses
begin with founder-owner doing all
the management functions of
marketing, production, human
resource, and finance with the help
specialized staff. However, a few
would rather concentrate on the
function, and be on top of that
function. The DTI-BSMED Handbook
Guide (2010) indicated the
following factors which can help
the entrepreneur to choose with
role(s) to take in one’s business:
Education and Training. If you are
an engineer or you have some
technical training, it will be natural
for you to consider being in the
technical or production area. Or if
you are an accountant or have a
background in banking or finance,
you may want to handle the finance
function.
Experience. Have you experienced
working for a manufacturing firm?
Were you ever a member of the
kitchen staff of a hotel? How
successful were you in doing
automotive jobs for that service
center? Your experiences will be
handy in performing certain
management functions. You might
ask, “What if I don’t have any work
experiences at all?” or “What if I’m
55
just a fresh graduate and trying my
luck in entrepreneurship?” Did you
learn some skills while helping in
relative in the ceramic business
during one of those summer
breaks? What did you gain from
your summer job or during
internship? Remember the skills
you learned from those
experiences. You might need them
when deciding which management
function to assume in your
business.
Interest and Talent. Not having the
education or the experience to back
up your inclination to take on a
specific management function will
not disqualify you. For all you know,
you might have the interest or the
talent for it. If you have people
skills, are cheerful but commanding
and persuasive, you well do in sales
or in personnel management even
without any experience or formal
training. After all, you can develop
these skills by attending some
seminars or short courses. On the
other hand, if you enjoy working
with your hands and putting things
together, you can handle
production.
Time. Granting you have the
training, the experience, and the
interest and talent to assume a
management function, do you have
the time for it? Can you have
devote most of your time to the
particular management area you
selected? Take time to do an
56
objective personal assessment of
the situation. Ask yourself if you are
able and will have the time to
handle all the management
functions in case you decide to be
on top of everything. Remember,
you are not only an entrepreneur.
Ours is a pluralistic society. Besides
being a spouse a parent, an
offspring, or even a sibling, you are
also part of your community.
Nonetheless, if you think you can
be a jack-of-all trades and be
everywhere in your business
without sacrificing any of life’s
essentials then go for it!
The Pros and Cons of Having a
Bird’s Eye View. Finally, weigh the
advantages and disadvantages of
having a broad view of your
business. Being “everywhere” in
your business will allow you to see
the interrelationship among the
four management areas; where one
area supports and draws support
from the three other areas. While
the age-old saying “jack-of-all-
trades, master of none” is true,
consider the setback if you indeed
plan to become a master of
something. If you concentrate in
one area, say in finance, you might
neglect the other areas that are just
as important. Let us say you opted
to concentrate on production. As
you look for ways to become more
efficient in order to produce more
at a faster rate, you might lose sight
of the other areas, like sales and
57
finance. This could lead your
business to end up with too many
unsold stocks and incur losses due
to overproduction and an over
investment in machines.
9. Get the right people.
In starting a business, the
entrepreneur may begin with family
members, relatives, friends,
neighbors, or acquaintances as the
workforce, but be clear about
requiring them to be professional in
the workplace, especially when
dealing with you. Match each
position with someone who will
meet the requirements of the
position. Do not limit applicants to
the trained and experienced. Be
open to those who can help the
enterprise grow. Choose people
who possess the expected work
values and are willing to be trained
and to stay in the company after
being trained.
10. Prepare an employee
manual.
It is always advisable to prepare an
employee manual. This should
contain information pertaining to
company policies and procedures
on working conditions,
compensation, other benefits,
discipline, and grievance
processing, among others.
11. Invest in Human Capital.
Human capital is the quality and
quantity of skills, education and
talents a person has. When people
attend classes, become
58
apprentices, obtain graduate
degrees, and receive on the job
training, they are investing in or
improving their human capital.
Allocate sufficient budget for the
cost of specialized training that
human resources may need to
meet the skills necessary to be able
to make the product or complete
the service to be offered to acquire
or develop market. There should
also be a budget allocated for
training people on human relations
and leadership skills.
12. Motivate people in the
workplace.
Motivation is a function of willingness
and ability (skills) to do the job, as
well as help employees work at
high energy levels. Open
communication, respect, fair
compensation, training, work-life
balance, and empowerment
activities and programs will
definitely motivate people in the
workplace.
13. Maintain employees’
commitment and loyalty.
One way of doing this is to ensure
that the work environment is safe,
healthy, caring for employees, and
at least complaint with government
rules and regulations, as well as
company social responsibility.
Competitive compensation and
training will also help a lot toward
this objective.
59
14. Effectively communicate
policies and practices with
employees.
Communication is very important so
that employees feel they are really
part of the organization and, thus,
work more and better. When
employees know what are expected
of them, how they will accomplish
their tasks, instructions are clear, and
they are given the opportunity to give
feedback to the concerned
stakeholders in the enterprise, they
will feel valued and respected. This
can lead to better performance and
higher productivity.
Human resource practices include Managing the finances of the company BOOKKEEPING
analysing and designing work, determining is of prime importance since without Bookkeeping is the science of
human resource needs (HR planning), funds, the business will not be able to recording history.
attracting potential employees operate. Recording, analysing and It is the physical recordkeeping of
(recruiting), choosing employees making decisions about the finances of someone’s transactions as they
(selection), teaching employees how to the business are basic functions of the relate to assets, liabilities, income
B. Establishing a purpose perform their jobs and preparing them for entrepreneur who owns the business. and expenses.
for the lesson the future (training and development), It is an indispensable subset of
rewarding employees (compensation), accounting.
evaluating their performance
(performance management), and creating
a positive work environment (employee
relations).
Effective HRM enhances company The differences between management Bookkeeping refers to the process of
performances by contributing to employee accounting and financial accounting accumulating, organizing, storing, and
and customer satisfaction, innovation, include: accessing the financial base of an entity
productivity and development of a Management accounting provides which is needed for two basic purposes:
favourable reputation in the firm’s information to people within an Facilitating the day to day
community. organization while financial accounting operations of the entity
C. Presenting is mainly for those outside it, such as Preparing financial statements, tax
examples/instances of the shareholders returns and internal reports to
new lesson Financial accounting is required by law managers
while management accounting is not. Also called record-keeping
Specific standards and formats may be Thought as the financial information
required for statutory accounts such infrastructure of an entity
as in the I.A.S International Accounting Bookkeeping is the recordation of basic
Standard within Europe. accounting transactions, such as:
Issuing invoices to customers
60
Financial accounting covers the entire Recording invoices from suppliers
organization while management Recording cash receipts from
accounting may be concerned with customers
particular products or cost centres. Paying suppliers
Recording changes in inventory
Processing payroll
Processing petty cash transactions
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Managerial accounting is used These transactions are mechanical in nature;
PRACTICES primarily by those within a company that is, the bookkeeper follows a prescribed
or organization. Reports can be set of procedures on a repetitive basis to
generated for any period of time such record a common activity. These common
as daily, weekly or monthly. Reports bookkeeping tasks are entirely adequate for
are considered to be "future looking" the accounting needs of a small business.
D. Discussing new
and have forecasting value to those
concepts and practicing within the company.
new skills #1
61
Designing a record keeping, archiving, and
document destruction system
63
A bookkeeper enters every
transaction into a journal which is
nothing more than a list of
transactions.
A bookkeeper using a manual
system periodically copies journal
transactions into a general, called
posting.
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your
VI. REFLECTION instructional supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
64
A. No. of learners who earned 80% on
the formative assessment
GRADE 12 School DepEd Region III Grade Level and Section ABM G11
DAILY LESSON LOG Teacher MTOT ABM Class F Learning Area Entrepreneurship
Teaching Dates and Time Quarter First / Second
65
The learner independently creates a The learner independently creates a The learner independently creates a The learner independently creates a
B. Performance business vicinity map reflective of business vicinity map reflective of business vicinity map reflective of business vicinity map reflective of potential
Standards potential market in one’s locality/town potential market in one’s locality/town potential market in one’s locality/town market in one’s locality/town
4. Demonstrate understanding of the 4. Demonstrate understanding of the 4. Demonstrate understanding of the 4. Demonstrate understanding of the 4M’s of
C. Learning
4M’s of operations 4M’s of operations 4M’s of operations operations
Competencies/
TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-2 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-2 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-2 TLE_ICTAN11/12EM-Ia-2
Objectives (Write the
LC Code)
Content is what the lesson is all about. It pertains to the subject matter that the teacher aims to teach. In the CG, the content can be tackled in a week or two.
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING List the materials to be used in different days. Varied sources of materials sustain children’s interest in the lesson and in the learning. Ensure that there is a mix of concrete and manipulative materials as well as
RESOURCES paper-based materials. Hands-on learning promotes concept development.
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s Material
pages
3. Textbook pages
4. Additional
Materials from
Learning Resource
portal
B. Other Learning
Resources
Financial forecasts project a Balance Sheet STEPS IN GENERATING BUSINESS CONTENTS OF THE BUSINESS PLAN
financial situation the business REPORT THE BUSINESS CONCEPT AND THE
owner should be aiming for.
These are important
1. Determine the scope BUSINESS MODEL
reference tools to help (purpose) of the report A business concept contains the
guide business planning 2. Consider the target essence of the enterprise in a concise
Key documents for audience (readers) but powerful manner. It stresses the
attracting funding.
B. Establishing a Investors and creditors
3. Gather and organize the value of the product offering to the
purpose for the lesson will use them to assess supporting information target customers who would most
the soundness of the (research) likely buy it.
company’s finances. 4. Analyse and weigh the The product concepts must then be
The profit and loss statement is a supporting information translated into a business model. A
summary of the financial
performance of a business over
5. Determine the solution, business model is a formula on how the
time findings and/or enterprise exactly plans to make money
recommendations out of the business.
67
It reflects the past 6. Determine the report There Are Four Areas Of Money Making
performance of the form Which Is The Business Model Must
business and is the report
most often used by small Address:
business owners to track 1. How will the business raise
how their business is revenues? What critical factors
performing. will cause the revenues to
It is also known as the
income statement, the
materialize?
profit/loss statement is 2. What will be the cost of the
the most important enterprise products and other
report you provide for cost of doing business? How
most businesses. will this cost be managed to
It lists all of the company’s income and
then subtracts all of its expenses. ensure the comfortable profits?
What critical factors will drive
the cost? How can this factors
be controlled?
3. What will be the major
investments of the enterprise?
Why will these investments
give the enterprise a
competitive edge?
4. How will the enterprise finance
the investments? How will the
enterprise fund its growth?
THE BUSINESS GOALS, VISION, MISION,
OBJECTIVES, AND PERFORMANCE
TARGETS
The business goals shows the future
and long term prospects of the
enterprise. It is composed of the
mission, vision, and objectives, key
result areas and performance indicators
of the enterprise. To illustrate, let us
analyze the vision of Double Happiness.
Double Happiness is an eatery in a bus
terminal. It has three outlets located at
the bus terminal in Central Luzon
68
CASH FLOW BUSINESS REPORT FORMAT Objectives must be more specific than
Cash Flow refers to generating or Executive summary the vision and mission statements.
producing cash (cash inflows) and
using or consuming cash (cash Purpose and rationale They should be measurable, achievable
outflows). Context which includes and time bound.
Lifeblood of the business and the vision-mission FOR DOUBLE HAPPINESS, THEIR STATED
keep that blood circulating at all statement, strategies, OBJECTIVES ARE:
times in order to avoid failure.
organizational structure To establish a strong market
Cash flows in the statement are
divided into the following three and staffing presence in Central Luzon.
areas: Actual performance To earn good financial returns
Operating activities, constitute the versus plans/targets with for its owner.
revenue generating activities of a
the corresponding To delight customers with high
business such as cash received and
disbursed for product sales, remarks of why it quality food and services and
royalties, commissions, fines, happened that way To make double happiness a
C. Presenting lawsuits, supplier and lender Facilitating and hindering happy and rewarding place to
examples/instances of invoices and payroll.
factors in the work
Investing activities, constitute
the new lesson achievement of plans The objectives should be translated
payments made to acquire long-
term assets, as well as cash Issues and concerns that into key result areas or KRAS. KRAs are
received from their sale such as were addressed the qualitative manifestation that the
purchase of fixed assets and the Financial statements with objectives are being achieved
purchase or sale of securities
issued by other entities. its corresponding
Financing activities, constitute of summaries and
activities that will alter the equity interpretation
or borrowings of a business such Conclusion and
as the sale of company shares, the
repurchase of shares and dividend
recommendations
payments.
69
If income exceeds business Cash Flow SOUND FINANCIAL In turn the key result areas must be
expenses, the business will have MANAGEMENT PRACTICES rendered into quantified performance
effectively made a profit.
If expenses exceed income, a loss
The resources you need, in order measurements otherwise called
would have been made. to run your business and produce performance indicators. These
A profit and loss statement is a the goods or services are men, performance indicators or PIs serve as
great tool for identifying items of materials and machines. To have the aspirational scorecard of the
high expenditure or expenses that all these resources, you need enterprise managers and the
were unproductive in producing
profit.
money. It is important that you motivational results of the investors.
By analysing the profit and loss know how to gather, organize, However the Pls must be actually be
statement, the entrepreneur can coordinate and record the money credible to the business audience in
better control business or financial resources of your mind
expenditure and thereby
business. This is called financial
potentially increase profits.
management.
When the entrepreneur manages
the money of the business, it is
one’s job to look for money
needed for your business and to
D. Discussing new see to it that the money provided
concepts and for the business is used
practicing new skills #1 effectively and efficiently.
SOUND FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
70
Sound Financial Management Practices THE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Adopt effective financial The executive summary contains
planning. Financial planning is everything that is relevant and
perhaps the most difficult task important to the business audience.
of the owner-manager. It is a synthesis of the entire plan.
Planning is important because It must contain the major
the funds of the enterprise are argumentations of the business
limited and must be sourced proponent on why the business will
and used properly for the good work and succeed.
of the business. It should provide the business plan
2. Observe sound financing. audience all the arguments on why
Sometimes, an entrepreneur they should participate in the
does not have enough money business venture.
to start or operate the The Executive Summary Should Then
business. When this happens, Introduce and Highlight The Good
the owner may decide to Qualities Of:
borrow money. In borrowing, The business proponents and their
one must be careful not to partners
borrow too much. Ideally, the The enterprise organization and its
entrepreneur should only capabilities
borrow, 40% of the money that The technology providers and their
is needed to operate the expertise and experience and
business, while the remaining
E. Discussing new The supplier and all the major service
60% must come from one’s providers
concepts and own pocket. Businesses that It should likewise describe the
practicing new skills #2 are funded by 40% debt is product/services of the enterprise,
burdened with having to pay their features and attributes and why
very high interests. they are right ones to deliver to the
3. Record and monitor cash flow. customers.
Cash flow is the actual The executive summary should then
movement of cash within a proceed to discuss and justify the
business. The entrepreneur enterprise strategy and enterprise
needs to record the sources delivery system.
and uses of funds in order to The enterprise strategy builds and
know how much cash is develops the game plan for
needed, and when that money attaining competitiveness.
is required by a business within The enterprise delivery system is
a period of time. the entire process of converting
4. Know the business costs. input to output and these outputs
Costing is calculating the total to outcome.
money spent in making and It should then render all the
selling the product, or institutional, market, operations,
completing a service to be and organizational strategies
offered in the market. previously cited into financial
5. Reduce costs. It will make the strategies and forecast.
business more profitable when Investment requirements should be
the costs are minimized by presented along with the summaries
recycling, using energy-saving
71
device or materials, buying of their projected income statement,
second-hand equipment or balance sheets, cash flows, and funds
renting instead of buying and flow and their analysis and
asking family members to help conclusions.
in the business. Yields and returns along with risks and
6. Record all business contingency measures should round
transactions. Anything that are up this section
owned by the owner and used The executive summary should also
for business, proceeds from contain a section on the
selling the products or services environmental and regulatory
and at the same time the compliance of the purposed business
expenses incurred in operating as well as the more proactive to
the business, should be written become a more responsible corporate
down which will give the citizen.
entrepreneur a fairly accurate Finally the executive summary should
picture of how the business is present the capital structure of the
doing. proposed business and show how this
7. Prepare income statements. structure will respond to the
The income statements will investment programs and financial
show whether the business forecasts of the enterprise.
made a profit or suffered a loss However the executive summary can
for a given period only be written last in order to capture
8. Seek the services of a good the findings and insight of the other
accountant. If the part, but for presentation purposes, it
entrepreneur is not an is placed in the first part of the
accounting graduate or does business plan
not have any background in
accounting, it is best to avail of THE BUSINESS PROPONENT
the services of a good The third section of the business plan contains
accountant to set up the firm’s information about the business proponents or
books of accounts and to stake holders. There are four types of
initiate him/her into the stakeholders:
recording process. Once get resource mobilizer and financial
used to it, recording will almost backers
be mechanical and routine. technology providers and applicators
Doing it regularly will be very governance and top management
helpful like in paying taxes, operating and support team
meeting cash requirements,
payments of debts in time and If the business plan readers are the resource
business expansion in the providers, then they will want to know who else
future. are on board to share the burden of raising
9. Manage enterprise funds money to see the whole thing through.
properly. Managing funds is If the business plan readers are technology
not simply maintaining providers, they will want to know if there will be
sufficient cash for the business sufficient funds to pay for the technology.
operations, but entails a more If the business plan readers are the governance
comprehensive approach than and top management team, then they will want
just having ready cash. Part of
72
this is knowing the possible to know what strategies and performance
sources of funds, like friends, indicators are being proposed.
family members, banks and If the business plan readers are the
other lending institutions. It is implementing, operating and supporting teams,
also important to budget the they will want to know what programs,
cash properly and that there is activities, task, and resource would be in place.
an internal control so that cash THE TARGET CUSTOMERS AND THE MAIN
is available whenever it is VALUE PROPOSITION
needed. The fourth section of the business plan is the
target customers and the main value
proposition.
The business proponent must be very
precise about the target audience or
target customers.
Target customers must be of sufficient
size, sufficient paying capacity and
have sufficient interest to purchase
the products being offered by the
enterprise.
The main value proposition is the
unique selling proposition of the
enterprise.
Knowing where the target customers
are exactly concentrated, the business
plan should then pinpoint what the
customers buy, how they buy, when
they buy, where they buy, and what
convinces them to buy. These
information should be used to justify
the exact locations and marketing
channels to be employed by the
enterprises.
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CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL OFFERING
RETURNS AND BENEFITS TO INVESTORS
FINANCIERS AND PARTNERS
The tenth section of the business plan contains
the capital structure and financial offerings of
the enterprise including some discussions on
who are the investors, the financiers and the
partners of the enterprise.
Finally, the business plan must appeal to its
target audience. It must highlight for them the
main features of the business plan that they are
looking for.
G. Finding practical A business plan is an essential roadmap for
business success. This living document generally
applications of
projects 3-5 years ahead and outlines the route
concepts and skills in a company intends to take to grow revenues.
daily living
Financial statements provide information Financial statements provide information Business reports facilitate the evaluation DEVELOP YOUR OWN BUSINESS PLAN USING
about the financial position, performance about the financial position, performance of progress and decision making process THE GUIDE BELOW:
and changes in financial position of an and changes in financial position of an for business purpose. It is usually a type Business Plan Basics
enterprise that is useful to a wide range of enterprise that is useful to a wide range of of upward communication in which The business plan is a tool to help you find and
users in making economic decisions. users in making economic decisions. communication process starts from explore opportunities.
lower level to upper level. Students at any level of education can use the
concept of preparing a business plan as a
method of exploring all kinds of ideas for
starting a business. It is merely a series of
questions that lead you to think about the
requirements and the possibilities of any kind of
business. Until you start to ask these questions,
you aren't able to visualize the details necessary
H. Making to be successful in a business.
There are many different approaches to writing
generalizations and a business plan, some more complex than
abstractions about the others. But the basic components of a business
lesson plan can be organized as follows:
* providing a description of the business,
* choosing the best marketing strategy,
* identifying the management plan, and
* analyzing the finances needed to start the
business and make it successful.
WHY DEVELOP A PLAN?
The process of making choices is the most
important reason for anyone to learn how to
write a business plan. It is fun to think of
yourself as a business owner, to dream about
your successes, and to talk about your ideas. But
when you have to answer the specific questions
of a business plan, you must make decisions
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about the direction your business will
take...decisions that may show you that this idea
is not likely to be successful. But, no problem,
then you can go back and make different
decisions until you find a way to be successful.
We sometimes hear people arguing that
business owners don't always have a business
plan...but perhaps they should. Once you are
into the day-to-day operations of a business it
may be too late. But most banks value a good
business plan when you are looking for funds for
your business. And in our educational system it
is one tool that can be used to provide learning
experiences that open students to the
opportunities in their own community.
As a teacher, you can use the business plan as a
learning activity at all levels of education. For
very young students it can be included as part of
a simulation about the processes of business. It
can reinforce skills being taught in math,
communications, spelling, art, and computer
skills. In fact a teacher of history or geography
could use the business creativity approach to
identifying ways to start a business using their
curriculum as the source of ideas. It could give
students a closer feeling of what it was like to
live in different times in history, or in different
parts of the world.
Language teachers have a natural opportunity to
teach use of a language for business in other
countries by having students create a business
for exporting or importing there. You might even
connect students with these countries through
the Internet.
The closer a student is to becoming an adult, the
more important it is to give them real-life
opportunities to practice making decisions about
a business of their own. The practice of business
planning is an experience important for the
learning process. And every time a student does
this decision-making the possibility of really
starting a business becomes more tangible.
TRY PACE
You can find real examples of a business plan in
the PACE Entrepreneurship Training Materials
available from The Ohio State University. PACE is
developed at three levels, 1). for beginners,
2).for more advanced students, and 3). for the
adults that are ready to start a business. See
information under the curriculum section of this
web page.
The following activity is designed for you to give
students a chance to learn how to plan a
business and experience the process of decision-
making that will enable them to do the real
thing some time in their lives.
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C. What kind of business could you start if you
want to do business with another country?
D. What type of business could you start while
still going to school?
E. What type of business could you start using
the skills you have now?
F. What type of business could you run while
also working in a part time job (to provide the
security of a salary while the business grows)?
G. How could you start a business and then later
make it into your own franchising business for
purposes of expansion?
After developing your business plan you will
want to discuss your ideas with the class or an
advisor to improve your plan and determine
what you learned in the process of preparing a
business plan. Now that you are thinking like an
entrepreneur you may find these same
questions pop up about many different business
possibilities as you experience new
opportunities in life.
I. Evaluating learning
J. Additional activities
for application or
remediation
V. REMARKS
Reflect on your teaching and assess yourself as a teacher. Think about your students’ progress this week. What works? What else needs to be done to help the students learn? Identify what help your instructional
VI. REFLECTION supervisors can provide for you so when you meet them, you can ask relevant questions.
A. No. of learners who earned
80% on the formative
assessment
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D. No. of learners who continue
to require remediation
E. Which of my teaching
strategies work well? Why did
these work?
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