CHAPTR III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter will discuss the function of every material that will be used in the

making of the model. Moreover, this chapter will also introduce the probability of having

an end product based on the design of the proposed project.

Research Design

The study introduces an innovation of an air-filter in which the researchers uses

activated carbon made from coconut shell. This technology will be installed to the

exhaust of the vehicle to filter or reduce the emitted toxic gases. The main application of

this model is to lessen the air pollution that affects the environment and health of every

individual in that area.

As the number of vehicles increases, the risk of air pollution exceeds to its limit.

Aside from the impact of climate change, contaminated air also affects the health of

humans. Generally, this air filter uses the coconut shell as the main component of

making the activated carbon because of its known ability to trap and adsorb the toxic

gases from exhausts. However, in cases when there is a rain, make sure that the filter

inside the metal cylinder will not be wet whereas it might not function or filter well.

From the identified problem, the researchers found the need for an air filter that

can be used to reduce toxic gases emitted by vehicle exhaust that results to the idea of

the research that will be conducted.

A. Materials

A1.Coconut shells A2.Charcoal stove A3. Can A4. Container

A5. Strainer A6. Metal A7. Gauze A8. Screw

A9. Spoon A11. Weighing scale

 Description of Research Instrument Used

Project Design

The researchers will use experimental research design to innovate past and

present studies related to the study.

Sources of Data

The primary basis of the research is the idea of an innovation of air filter and

makes use of activated carbon from coconut shell. For the secondary basis, minor datas

were collected from reliable sources on the internet. For the tertiary basis, the data will

be gathered by application of the air filter with activated carbon from coconut shell that

undergoes scientific process.

Research Instrument

The researchers used experimental approach as the instrument.

Data Gathering Procedure

The foundation of the research is based on the data that will be gathered upon

application of the model to the vehicles exhaust.

 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS

Activated carbon – with a measure of 225g from coconut shells (15)

Bleach – 1.3 cups

Hose clamp -

Screw – 3 medium sizes with nut

Metal cylinder -

Water – with a measurement of 300 ml

 ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES

This section describes the procedures in constructing the design. This shows the

structure of the design, components used and process that the researchers followed to

conduct the research.

The following steps are the process in constructing the design of air filter using

activated carbon made from coconut shell.

1. Design the concept of the design. Visualize and measures its expected sizes,

shape, and position of the parts of the design.

2. Prepare all the materials needed including coconut shell, gauze, charcoal

stove, mortar and pestle strainer, bleach, mixing bowl, pots, spoon, container,

can, metal cylinder, screw, and hose clamp.

3. Sundried the coconut shells then put it in a can then prepare the charcoal

stove for performing the pyrolysis for at least 1-2 hours. Make sure no air can

surpass inside the can.

4. Set aside the pyrolyzed coconut shell to cool.
5. After that, use mortar and pestle for grinding the pyrolyzed coconut shell then

separate smaller particles to bigger particles using a strainer then put it in a

container.
6. Make a solution of calcium chloride and water depending on the amount

needed by the charcoal. Use bleach or lemon juice as the alternative for the

calcium chloride.
7. Transfer the charcoal powder to a mixing bowl and add the solution and stir it

using a spoon.
8. When the mixture reaches paste consistency, stop adding the bleach and

covers the bowl and let the charcoal sit for 24 hours and drained it.
9. Cook the charcoal for another 3 hours to activate it.
10. After the activation of the charcoal, put it inside gauze then seal it to avoid

fallen particles or excess.

11. Attach the design to the opening of the exhaust then put the filter inside it.

Use screws for the filter to avoid falling.