Quiz 1

Identification: (1pt each)

1. & 2.__________ are fault interrupting devices that open & close into a faulted line in an attempt to
restore power. It automatically recloses if a fault is _____________.

3. Type of operating sequence that clear temporary faults before branch circuit line fuses are weakened.

4. Type of operating sequence that allow time for down time protective devices to clear so that
permanent faults can be confined to smaller sections of the system.

5. What control interface is reclosers capable of?

6. is a piece of equipment that is used in electric devices and power systems with the main function of
effectively “isolating two different parts of an instrument”.

7. The main purpose of an isolator is ______ because it is used as a switch to keep apart the fault section
from other sections of system to perform repair work.

8. A protective component that is a short piece of metal connected in series in a circuit which performs
both Fault Detection and Interruption function.

9. This Component should have a Low _______ point but had High ____________.

10. It is the minimum current at which the element melts.

11. It consists of base and a fuse carrier. It is known as Rewireable fuse or ____________ type

12. In the expression I2 is directly proportional to d3 it is known as ____________.

13. What type of circuit breaker utilizes air as an arc quenching medium?

14. Oil in Oil circuit breaker can serve as ________ and _________.

15. Which type of oil circuit breaker uses the least amount of oil.

16. ______ has extreme superior arc quenching properties than any other medium.

17. Type of circuit breaker which uses a special gas as an arc quenching medium.

18. RRRV is also known as __________________.

19. An _________ retain the same extinguishing power irrespective of the magnitude of the current to
be interrupted.

20. Excessive voltage surges during circuit interruption can be prevented by the use of
_______resistance connected across the circuit breaker contacts.

21. The time it takes from the moment a circuit breaker receives a close pulse until the main contact
touches.

22. The time it takes from the initial touch of the main contact until the main contact separates. This is
commonly referred to as Trip-Free Time or Contact Dwell Time.
23. The time it takes from the moment a circuit breaker receives an open pulse until the main contact
separates. This is also referred to as Trip Time.

24. The time it takes from contact separation until the contact touches again. This is often referred to as
Reclose time.

25. Circuit breakers are subjected to sudden short- circuits in short.

26. The apparatus used for switching, controlling and protecting the electrical circuits and equipment is
known as ___________.
27. A _______ is a device which is used to open or close an electrical circuit in a convenient way. It can
be used under full-load or no-load conditions but it cannot interrupt the fault currents.
28. It is designed to open a circuit under load.

29. It is essentially a knife switch and is designed to open a circuit under no load.

30. A _____ is a device which detects the fault and supplies information to the breaker for circuit
interruption.

True or False: (1pt each)

1. The arc resistance increases with the decrease in the number of ionized particles between the
contacts.
2. The arc resistance increases with the length of the arc i.e., separation of contacts.
3. The arc resistance increases with the decrease in area of cross section of the arc.
4. Cooling helps in the de-ionization of the medium between the contacts.
5. The resistance of the arc is inversely proportional to its length.
6. The dielectric strength of the medium is not proportional to the length of the gap between contacts.
7. The resistance of the arc can be increased by splitting the arc into a number of smaller arcs in series.
8. Natural combination of ionized particles takes place more rapidly if they are allowed to cool.
9. If the pressure in the vicinity of the arc is increased, the density of the particles constituting the
discharge also increases.
10. The arc may be split by introducing some conducting plates between the contacts.

Problem Solving: (10 points)

In a short circuit test on a circuit breaker, the following readings were obtained on single frequency
transient : (i) time to reach the peak re-striking voltage, 50 µ sec (ii) the peak re-striking voltage, 100 kV
Determine the average RRRV and frequency of oscillations
Answers:
Identification:

1.&2. Automatic reclosers, temporary

3. Fast operation

4. Delayed operation

5. SCADA

6. Electrical isolator or disconnector

7. Safety

8. Fuse

9. Melting, Conductivity

10. Fusing current

11. Kit-kat

12. Fuse law

13. Air-blast circuit breaker

14. Insulation, arc quenching medium

15. Low oil circuit breaker

16. Vacuum

17. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) circuit breaker

18. Rate of Rise of Re-striking Voltage

19. Air circuit breaker

20. Shunt or parallel

21. CLOSE TIME

22. CLOSE – OPEN TIME

23. OPEN TIME

24. OPEN – CLOSE TIME

25. SHORT CIRCUIT TEST

26. Switchgear

27. Switch

28. Air-break switch

29. Isolator switch

30. Relay

True or False:

1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. F
6. F
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T

Problem Solving:

Solution:

a.) Ave. RRRV = Peak Restriking Voltage/ Time

Ave RRRV= 100kV/50usec = 2x106 kV/sec

b.) fn=1/(2 x time)

= 1/ 2(50usec)

=10,000 Hz