Information system- a set of people, procedures
and resources that transforms and disseminate
info to an organization
USERS
End user – anyone who uses IS or the info it
produces
Managerial end user – manager, entrepreneur,
who personally uses IS
Examples of IS
 Manual – pen and paper
 Informal – word of mouth
 Computer based IS
Technological and behavioral dimensions of IS
 Technological – discipline whose
research drives development in
computer hardware¸ software, telecom,
database, management and other IY
 Behavioral – focuses on adjusting IT to
support individual and organizational
goals (Techniques, procedures and
programs)
FRAMEWORK OF IS
Mgm't
of IS
Development
of IS
Application of IS
Technology of IS
Foundation concepts of IS
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS of IS
SYSTEM- group of interrelated or interconnected
elements forming a unified whole (one goal)
COMPONENTS OF IS
 Inputs
 Process
 Outputs
FEEDBACK AND CONTROL MECHANISM
(FCM)
 Cybernetic – a system with FCM
- Self-regulatory or self-
monitoring
 FEEDBACK – data about the
performance of the system
 CONTROL – involves monitoring and
evaluating feedback to determine
whether the system is moving
towards its goal
CONTROL AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
 Negative feedback
 Positive feedback
System:
Environment – System -- Interface (How you
view)
 Open
 Closed
 Adaptive (adjusts to the environment)
INFORMATION SYSTEM RESOURCES DATA – raw material, resources into finished info
product
 People Resources
- End users (client or users) –people INFORMATION-meaningful ad useful context for
who uses the info produced. specific end user
(accountant, sales person, engr.,
manager)
- IS Specialists –people who develop IS ACTIVITIES
and operate IS
* system analyst  Input of data resources (input)
*programmers  Process of data into inputs (process)
*computer operator  Output of info products (output)
 Hardware resources – all Physical devices  Storage of data resources (storage)
and materials  Control of system performance (control)
- Machines
- Data media COMMON DATA ELEMENTS
- Computer system
 Field
- Computer peripherals
 Record
- Telecommunication network
 Files
 Software resources - all sets of
 Database
information processing instructions
- Programs- set of operating RECOGNIZING INFORMATION SYSTEMS
procedures
- Procedures- sets of info  The people, organization and data
processing instruction resources they use
- System software- controls  The type of info products they produce
and supports the operations  The way they perform input, output,
of a computer software storage and control activities
- Application software –
directs processing for a
particular use of computers
by end user (e.g. calculator)
 Data Resources
- Database- hold process and
organize data
- Model base- conceptual,
mathematical and logical
concepts
- Knowledge base – holds
knowledge in a variety of
forms such s facts and rules