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Introduction Instrument
Pain is one of the most stressful situations that every child Data were collected using a questionnaire; Pediatric Nurses
will experience in some point, it is often described as the most Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS). The
distressing part of the hospital stay, whether it is from common PNKAS is a self-administered questionnaire that includes 2 parts:
bumps and bruises, or because of more chronic conditions such demographic data of participants such as age, sex, experience years,
as gastrointestinal issues, headaches, or diabetes [1]. Further pain educational background, membership in medical organizations.
prevalence studies done thereafter, have reported similar prevalence Second part: 17 multiple choice, 25 true and false questions.
rates ranging between 20% and 27% [2]. Nursing staff spend more Questions aim to measure knowledge and attitudes of pediatric
time with patients in pain than any other health care providers, nurses in pain assessment and management, pharmacologic and
In most hospital settings, nurses are the first health personnel non-pharmacologic interventions.
approached by admitted patients requiring assistance. Moreover
many painful procedures are routinely performed by nursing staff. So Analysis
nurses need to get appropriate knowledge about pain to understand, Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social
assess, evaluate, and do best intervention to relieve pediatric pain. Sciences (SPSS) software version 22. Frequencies, percentages,
Under-treated chronic pain can limit daily activities, increase means, and standard deviations were used to describe the nurses’
disability, negatively affect the quality of life, create suffering, demographic characteristics. Nurses’ knowledge and attitudes about
cause anxiety, depression, anger, fear, and increase the risk for pain management data were analyzed and presented in terms of
suicide. Aprevious study reported that children with poorly managed frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, and minimum
pain mayhave longer stays in hospital, higher readmission rates, and maximum scores t test, and one way ANOVA.
more frequent outpatientvisits, delayed healing of wounds, and
altered immune functions [3]. Unfortunately, health professionals, Results
including nurses, have historically underestimated the existence of Results Of 320 sample size, 256 nurses participated in this study
pain in children; therefore, pain management has often been less with 80% respond rate. As shown in the following tables, 67.6%
than optimal [4]. The role of the nurse in pain management includes were female, and 32.4% were male. The majority of participants’ age
the entire nursing process. The nurse do assessment for presence 52.7% were between age group 20-24 years, and 0.4% was between
of pain, makes plan of pharmacological and non-pharmacological age group of 35-39 years. Most participants had bachelor’s degrees
pain management strategies with the medical team, implements the 67.2%, 26.2% had diploma’s degrees, and 6.2% hadmaster’s degrees,
plan, and evaluates the effectiveness of the interventions. Many and 0.4% had PhD. Additionally, majority of respondents 48%
factors have been identified that influence effective pain management had 1-5 years of pediatric experience, and 37.1% with 5-10 years
such as lack of knowledge and attitudes on the side of health care of experience in pediatrics. Around 49.4% of nurses reported that
providers. In addition to inaccurate, insufficient, and poor nurses’ there is no pediatric pain management protocols in their hospitals,
knowledge and attitudes in assessing and managing children’s pain. however 35.9% answered with yes, and 4.7% they were not sure
The aim of the present study was to assess the level of knowledge about pediatric pain protocols. About 62.5% of nurses stated that
and attitudes regarding pain management of nurses working at there is no pain management committee in their hospitals, while
pediatric units in West Bank. 26.2% stated that there is a pain management committee, and 11.3%
they don’t know.
Method
Descriptive, quantitative cross sectional study was performed at 14 According to PNKAS results, the majority of participants (83%)
hospitals among 256 nurses who work in general pediatric wards. had less than 60% of correct answers, while (15%) of nurses their
It was performed to explore the level of nurse’s knowledge and scores were between 60-79%, however only (2%) of nurses passed
attitudes related to pain management of children in West Bank. with a score of 80% or greater in PNKAS scores.