Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
ENGINEERING
VIKALP KULSHRESTHA
Contents
• Introduction; Need; Abstract Coursework
• Evolution
• Modern Techniques
• Mechanical Miracles
• Future Prospects
• Mechanics
basic mechanics
mechanics of materials or solid mechanics
Fluid mechanics
• Thermal science
thermodynamics
Heat & mass transfer
energy conversion
RAC
HVAC
• Designing
engineering drawing
machine drawing
machine design
CAD
• Production sciences
material science
metallurgy
production technology
CAM
Evolution
• Mechanical engineering dates back to the times of the great
pyramids(3000-2500 b.c.)
• In ancient Greece, the works of Archimedes (287 BC–212 BC) and
Heron of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) deeply influenced mechanics in
the Western tradition.
• In China, Zhang Heng (78–139 AD) improved a water clock and
invented a seismometer, and Ma Jun (200–265 AD) invented a
chariot with differential gears.
• Al Jaziri wrote his famous "Book of Knowledge of Ingenious
Mechanical Devices" in 1206 presented many mechanical designs.
He is also considered to be the inventor of such mechaincal devices
which now form the very basic of mechanisms, such as crank and
cam shafts.
Evolution
• Drafting can be done in two dimensions ("2D") and three dimensions ("3D").
• Although this remains the most common CAM function, CAM functions have
expanded to integrate CAM more fully with CAD/CAM/CAE PLM solutions.
Modern
Techniques
20 km from the coast of Denmark, you will find “Horns Rev”, the
biggest wind farm in the world. 80 turbines 110 m tall, capable of 160
MW
The fins are 30 m long.
.Fantasy road that for part of the tim
Arctic highway
…a whole Military
Radar…
How it can be loaded at sea;
SIMPLE ,isnt’it?
4.Modern ways to control water.
The bridge “Magdeburg” (Germany) – you need to
look at it a number of times to understand what is
actually happening.
It’s a bridge that goes over the Elba river. It allows boats
easy access into canals. It cost more than 500 million
Euros and took 6 years to build
5.The tallest skyscraper in the world
Burj Tower
• Government Sector
• Private Sector
chanical Engineering and India
Government Sector
• HMT Ltd.
echanical Engineering and India
HMT
Ltd.
HMT Subsidiaries
• Co-ordination and planning of the growth and development of Iron and Steel
Industry in the country (including Re-Rolling Mills, Alloy Steel and Ferro
Alloy Industries, Refractories) both in the Public and Private Sectors.
The Ship Building Ministry looks after the funds and the foreign joint
ventures for the industry. The four major shipyards are namely:
The Ministry of Civil Aviation is the nodal Ministry responsible for the
formulation of national policies and programmes for development and
regulation of Civil Aviation. It handles the following :
• Air India
• Indian Airlines
Indian Airlines
• This airline based in Delhi, India and focuses primarily on domestic routes,
along with several international services to neighbouring countries in Asia.
As of December 1 , 2008
• Bharat Electronics Limited
• Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
• Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
• Coal India Limited
• GAIL (India) Limited
• Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
• Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
• Indian Oil Corporation Limited
• Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited
• National Aluminum Company Limited
• NMDC Limited
• NTPC Limited
• Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited
• Power Finance Corporation Limited
• Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
• Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
• Shipping Corporation of India Limited
• Steel Authority of India Limited
echanical Engineering and India
• Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is the largest engineering and manufacturing
enterprise in India in the energy-related and infrastructure sector which includes Power,
Railways, Telecom, Transmission and Distribution, Oil and Gas sectors and many more.
• BHEL products are steam turbine, gas turbine, steam generators, HRSG- Heat Recovery
Steam Generator, locomotives, pumps, motors, valves, boiler drums
& various other products .
echanical Engineering and India
Government Sector {The Navratna Companies}
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL)
GAIL (India) Limited, is India's flagship Natural Gas company, integrating all
aspects of the Natural Gas value chain (including Exploration & Production,
Processing, Transmission, Distribution and Marketing) and its related services.
• It also upgrades & manufactures jaguars, su-30 mki’s & mig-29’s for the
Indian air force .
Mechanical
Engineering and
Government Sector {The Navratna Companies}
India
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL)
• HPCL also owns and operates the largest Lube Refinery in the country
producing Lube Base Oils of international standards. With a capacity of 335
TMT. This Lube Refinery accounts for over 40% of the India's total Lube
Base Oil production.
echanical Engineering and India
Government Sector {The Navratna Companies}
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCL)
• Indian Oil operates the largest and the widest network of fuel stations in the
country, numbering about 17606.
• Its major resources are various sites in Assam & Bombay High.
echanical Engineering and India
Government Sector {The Navratna Companies}
National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)
• NTPC also owns 15 Coal Based Plants (23,895 MW) & 7 Gas/Liquefied
Fuel Based Plants (3,955 MW).
echanical Engineering and India
• Asia's largest, and one of the world's leading and the sixth largest,
integrated aluminum complex, encompassing bauxite mining, alumina
refining, aluminum smelting and casting, power generation, rail and port
operations.
• The main units of NALCO are at Damanjodi (Mines & Refinery complex)
and Nalconagar-Angul (Smelter & Power Plant Complex).
echanical Engineering and India
Government Sector {The Navratna Companies}
Steel Authority of
India Ltd. (SAIL)
• SAIL was featured in the 2008 list of Forbes Global 2000 companies at position
647.
• With an annual production of 13.5 million metric tons, SAIL is the 16th largest
steel producer in the world.
• Major plants owned by SAIL are located at Bhilai, Bokaro, Durgapur, Rourkela,
Burnpur (near Asansol) and Salem.
echanical Engineering and India
Private Sector
• Hindustan motors
• Maruti Udyog
• Hero Honda
• Bajaj Auto
• Tata Industries
• Reliance Petroleum
Mechanical Engineering
and India
Private Sector
Hindustan Motors
• It is the producer of the famous Ambassador car, widely used as a taxicab and as a
government limousine.
• It has plants at Uttarpara (U.P.); Pithampur (M.P.); Thiruvallur & Hosur (T.N.)
Mechanical
Engineering and India
Private Sector
Maruti Udyog
• Till now launched more than 12 cars with more than 20 models.
• Major products are Maruti 800 (’93), Omni (’84), Wagon-r (’99), Alto (y2k),
Swift (’05) & Grand Vitara (’07).
echanical Engineering and India
Private Sector
Hero Honda
• Hero Honda is a joint venture that began in 1984 between the Hero Group
of India and Honda of Japan.
• It is India's largest and the world's 4th largest two- and three-wheeler maker.
• This company shot to fame with its punch line of “Hamara Bajaj” for its
scooters Bajaj Chetak & Bajaj Super.
echanical Engineering and India
Private Sector
Tata Steel
• Tata Steel annually produces 9 million tonnes of steel in India and 21.4
million tonnes overseas, making it the fifth largest steel producer in the
world.
• Took over Anglo Dutch steel maker CORUS in a £6.7 billion deal.
Mechanical
Engineering and India
Private Sector
Tata Motors
• Tata Motors has its manufacturing base in Jamshedpur, Pantnagar, Lucknow, Ahmedabad
and Pune.
• Has bought Daewoo's trucks & Ford’s Jaguar & Land Rover.
Mechanical
Engineering and India
Private Sector
Reliance Petroleum
In India, till 2015, big guns like Arcelor Mittal & Tata steel are
planning to invest 7000 crores. In the PSU’s NALCO & SAIL will be
jointly investing 40,000 crores in developing and starting various
manufacturing units.
World Market is too not far behind with all the big corporate
houses having set their feet in this field.