LITERATURE REVIEW

A review of literature available in the field reveals the following observations

which further emphasize the importance of research in this regards:

1. Mehraj Ud Din Sheikh Qamar Jahan (2012), “Study Habits of Higher

Secondary School Students of Working and Non-working Mothers”, aims at
finding out the difference between study habits of higher secondary school
children of working mothers and non working mothers on the basis of
gender. The study further revealed that female children of working mothers
had significantly better study habits than male children of working mothers.

2. Dr. Harasankar Adhikari (2012),”Anxiety and Depression: Comparative

Study between Working and Non- Working Mothers”, traces the dual role of
a woman, one as an employee and other as household keeper. It is observed
that working mothers are mostly in anxiety and depression as they are not
able to devote time for their children.

3. Maryam Zarra-Nezhad et.al (2010),”Occupational Stress and Family

Difficulties of Working Woman”, focuses on work and family which are the
two aspects of a women’s life. It relates the level of occupational stress and
family difficulties of a woman and then further its impact on the child’s
mental health.

4. Suprerna Khanna (2011), “ Emotional Intelligence in relation to Social

Maturity of Adolescent Children of Working and Non- Working Mothers”,
emphasizes on the affects in the family pattern and society due to the
working status of women and it is observed that there is a major difference
in emotional Intelligence of adolescents of working and non- working
women.

5. G. Shiva (2013), “ A Study on Work Family Balance and Challenges Faced

By Working Women”, here the author has described the work-life balance
and the challenges a woman faces in her every day schedule. How she keeps
a balance between her work as an employee and her family as a mother.

6. Bina Adhikari & Bishwas Adhikari (2014), “Effect of Mothers’

Employment Status on Prevalence of risk Behavior among Adolescent
 Students” evaluates the relationship between mothers’ employment status
and prevalence of risk behavior among adolescent students in Lalitpur
district of Nepal and further reached the conclusion that maternal
employment status is not the exclusive reason behind the development of
unhealthy practices and development of risk behavior among adolescents.

7. Fatemeh Sendi (2014), “ A Comparison of Emotional Intelligence, Mental

Health and Educational Performance of Girl Students with Employed and
Non-Employed Mothers”, aims to compare emotional intelligence, mental
health and educational performance of girl students having employed and
non-employed mothers.

8. Indu Rathee (2014), “ Guidance Needs of Adolescent Boys and Girls of

Working and Non- Working Mothers”, aims to find out whether the
guidance need of adolescent boys and girls of working mothers differ
significantly from those of non-working mothers on basis of five dimensions
of guidance needs that are physical, personal, emotional, educational and
Vocational.

9. Dr. Gurmit Singh & Sanam Dawar (2013), “ Emotional Maturity and Parent
Child Relationship A s Predictors of Mental Health of Adolescents”, shows
that the prediction of Mental Health of Adolescents on the basis of
Emotional Maturity and Parent Child Relationship is significantly higher as
compared to their separate predictions.

10.J. E. Merlin Sasikala (2013), “ Personal and Social Adjustment of

Adolescents in Relation to the Employment Status of their Mothers”,
investigated personal and social adjustment of Adolescents of Kanyakumari
in relation to the employment status of their mothers.

11.Sheema Mushtaq & Nilofer Khan (2013), “ Maternal Work and its Impact
on Cognition and Personality of Children”, a review of literature was
conducted to provide an archival resource on the cognition and personality
of children of working mothers,. which further led to the conclusion that
there is a negative effect of mothers’ employment on cognition of children.
12.Suneetha Hangal & Vijayalaxmi A. Aminabhavi (2007), “Self-Concept,
Emotional Maturity and Achievement Motivation of the Adolescent
Children of Employed Mothers and Home Makers”, assessed the impact of
maternal employment on the self-concept, emotional maturity and
achievement motivation of adolescents.

13.Maria Von Salisch (2001), “ Children’s emotional Development: Challenges

in their relationships to Parents, Peers and Friends”, outlines the challenges
and constraints which relationships to Parents, peers and friends offer for
children’s emotional development including the development of appraisal,
experience, expression, and regulation of emotion.

14.Dr. Abdul Sattar Almani et.al (2012), “ Study of the Effects of Working
Mothers on the Development of Children in Pakistan”, focuses on the
children of working as well as non-working mothers leading to the
conclusion that with the increasing trend of mothers’ employment there is no
significant difference between the children of working and non-working
mothers although the attachment between employed mothers and children is
decreasing.

15.Shueh-Yi Lian & Cai Lian Tam (2014), “ Work Stress, Coping Strategies
and Resilience: A Study Among Working Females”, evaluates the research
relating to the effects of coping strategies and resilience on the level of work
place stress. Research is focused on working mothers and working females
in general ,revealing that working females experienced more work stress as
compared to men.

16.Azra Fanoos (2013), “Examining the Emotional Intelligence Level of

Students of Kohat University of Science and Technology in relation to
Parents’ Level of Education”, explores the various pathways by which
parent education may affect their parenting and child outcomes. Parenting
methods have been found directly related to emotional and social
development and hence emotional intelligence in children.

17.Soumita Ranjan (2013), “Effect of Mothers’ Working Status on the

Behavioral Problems of Primary School Children”, determines the effect of
mothers’ working status on behavioral problems of the primary school
 children. The results indicated that children of working mothers show more
behavioral problems as compared to non-working mothers.

18.M. N Mahale (1995), “ The Family Situations and the Education of

Adolescents”, focused on the parent – adolescent relationship, impact of
educational level of parents on the interests of both the parents and
adolescents in school education and the relative importance of the economic
status of the family to the educational and vocational aspirations of the
adolescents and of the parents for their children.

19.Deepthy Thomas (2008), “ A comparative Study To Assess The

Psychological Problems of Children of Working Mothers ina Selected
School At Tumkur”, has described the effects of maternal employment on
children and how there is a need to study the difference in psychological
problems of children of working and non-working mothers.

20.Shahin Dalal et.al (2014), “A Comparative Study to assess the Problems

Faced by Working and Non- Working Mothers in Rearing of their Children,
with the View to Develop Guidelines on Healthy Parenting”, puts light on
the problems faced by working mothers in rearing of their children., the
problems faced by non-working mothers in rearing of their children and to
develop healthy guidelines on healthy parenting for working and non-
working mothers to enable them in effective rearing of their children.

21.Elizabeth Cooksey et. al(2009), “Does Mothers’ Employment Affect

Children’s Development”, focuses on the problems face by the children of
employed mothers and also to find out whether mothers’ employment affect
children’s development or not.

22.Lois Wladis Hoffman (2014), “The Effects of the Mothers’ Employment on

the Family and the Child”, talks on the effects of maternal employment on
families and children , with the focus on children..

23.Amanda DeJong , “Working Mothers: Cognitive and Behavioral Effects on

Children”, highlights that the children face several cognitive and behavioral
effects that are the result of maternal employment during their early
development years.
24.Parul Tripathi & Sandeep Bhattacharjee (2012), “A Study of Psychological
Stress of Working Women” reveal by the findings that working women feel
more stress than working men.

25.Moitreyee bhardhan Roy ,”Whose Responsibility? Children of Working

Mothers Suffer. A Socio Cultural and Policy Conflict in Indian Society,
With Special Reference to Kolkata Metropolis, India” investigates the effect
of changes in the family pattern on children of working mothers coming
from two socio economic groups during the post-globalization and post-
liberalization era.

26.Irwan Nadzif Mahpul & Nor Azain Abdullah (2011),”The Prevalence of

Work-Family Conflict among Mothers in Peninsular Malaysia” examines
the relationship between perceived work-family conflict and socio-
demographic and family characteristics of the mothers. The result of the
study shows that ethnicity, age and employment are the main factors
contributing to the prevalence of work-family conflict.

27.S.K Tamer et.al(1986),”A Study on Working Educated Mothers and its

Impact on Child Health” assesses the impact of work by mother on child
health.

28.Sibnath Deb et.al (2010), “ Anxiety among High School Students in India:
Comparisons across Gender, School Type, Social Strata and Perceptions of
quality time with Parents” aims to understand better the anxiety among
adolescents in Kolkata, India. The study also examined adolescents’
perceptions of quality time with their parents.

29.Waris Qidwai et.al(2008), “ Impact of Working Status on their lives: A

Survey of Working Women at a teaching Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan”
aims to find the impact of working status on the lives of working women
and results in finding out that working women find it difficult to carry out
their home responsibilities.

30.Sanghita Das (2014), “ A Study of Working Mothers and Child Nutrition in

Bangalore Urban” focuses to find out the relationship between mothers’
employment status and their children's’ nutrition level s in Bangalore.