Cordillera Career Development College

College of Health Education Commented [c1]: Answer: C. Keratin

C: Keratin is an exceptionally tough protein; its
Anatomy and Physiology abundance in the stratum corneum allows that
First Grading Examination layer to provide a durable “overcoat” for the body,
which protects deeper cells from the hostile
external environment.
Instructions. Shade the box enclosing the letter that corresponds to your answer. Choose the best answer. No erasures A: Melanin, a pigment that ranges in color from
on the answer sheet but you may write anything on this questionnaire. yellow to brown to black, is produced by special
spider-shaped cells called melanocytes, found
chiefly in the stratum basale.
1. Which of the following gives the stratum corneum its structural strength? B: Melanosomes, As the melanocytes produce
A. Melanin C. Keratin melanin, it accumulates within them in membrane-
bound granules called melanosomes; these
B. Melanosomes D. Actin granules then move to the ends of the spidery
2. The skin is the major organ of the body. All of the following are functions of the skin EXCEPT arms of the melanocytes, where they are taken up
by nearby keratinocytes.
A. Temperature regulation C. Sensation D: Actin, one of the protein that forms the
B. Protection D. Vitamin B production contractile filaments of muscle cells, and is also
3. In which layer of the skin undergoes a mitotic division? involved in motion in other types of cells.

A. Stratum spinosum C. Stratum corneum

Commented [c2]: Answer: D. Vitamin B production
B. Stratum granulosum D. Stratum basale D: When exposed to ultraviolet light, the skin
4. Which major gland of the skin produces a secretion that is mostly water with few salts? produces a molecule that can be transformed
A. Lachrymal glands C. Sebaceous glands into Vitamin D.
A: Body temperature is regulated by controlling
B. Eccrine glands D. Ceruminous glands the blood flow through the skin and the activity of
5. Which is the correct order of the layers of the epidermis, from the deepest to the most superficial? the sweat glands.
A. Stratum spinosum, S.basale, S.lucidum, S.granulosum, S.corneum B: The skin provides protection against abrasion
and ultraviolet light. It also prevents the entry of
B. Stratum corneum, S.lucidum, S.basale, S.spinosum, S.granulosum microorganisms and dehydration by reducing water
C. Stratum basale, S.spinosum, S.granulosum, S.lucidum, S.corneum loss from the body.
C: The skin has sensory receptors that can
D. Stratum corneum, S.lucidum, S.granulosum, S.spinosum, S.basale detect pain, cold, heat, touch, and pressure.
6. Cell division occurs in which layer of the epidermis?
A. Stratum spinosum C. Stratum corneum Commented [c3]: nswer: D. Stratum basale
B. Stratum granulosum D. Stratum basale D: The deepest stratum, stratum basale,
consists of cuboidal or columnal cells that undergo
7. The __________ consists of many layers of dead squamous cells surrounded by lipids. mitotic division every 19 days.
A. dermis C. stratum corneum A: Stratum spinosum is the layer where
B. stratum spinosum D. hypodermis Langerhans cells are found along with many rows
of spiny keratinocytes.
8. Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the integumentary system? B: Stratum granulosum, is where keratinocytes
A. Hypodermis C. Multicellular exocrine glands begin to produce waxy lamellar granules to
B. Hair D. Nails waterproof the skin.
C: Stratum corneum consists of dead, squamous
9. Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the skin? cells filled with the hard protein called keratin.
A. Synthesis of B vitamins
B. Protection of underlying structures Commented [c4]: Answer: B. Eccrine glands
C. Maintenance of normal body temperatures B: Eccrine glands secrete sweat, a mixture of 99
percent water and 1 percent salts and fats.
D. Excretions of salts, organic wastes, and water A: Lachrymal glands secretes tears which
10. The epidermis is nourished by diffusion from capillaries in the moisten, lubricate, and protect the surface of
the eye. ...
A. Subcutaneous tissue C. Papillary layer of the dermis
B. Epidermis D. Reticular layer of the dermis Commented [c5]: Answer: C. Stratum basale,
S.spinosum, S.granulosum, S.lucidum,
11. Which type of cartilage is best able to resist compression and absorb shock? S.corneum
A. Hyaline C. Elastic Commented [c6]: D
B. Fibrous D. None of the above
Commented [c7]: C
12. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the
Commented [c8]: A
A. Lining of the small intestine C. Lining of the mouth
B. Skin D. Pancreas Commented [c9]: A
13. Connective tissue cells that produce the extracellular matrix are called Commented [c10]: C
A. Cyte cells B. Mast cells C. Clast cells D. Blast cells Commented [c11]: B
14. Which of the following functions of connective tissues is not correct? Commented [c12]: B
A. Support, surround, and interconnect other tissue types
Commented [c13]: D
B. Defend the body from invasion by microorganisms
Commented [c14]: D
 C. Store energy reserves, especially in the form of lipids
D. Cover surfaces and line body cavities
15. Which of these is not a function or characteristic of epithelial tissues? Commented [c15]: A
A. Store energy reserves for use when nutrient supplies are low
B. Receive stimuli and provide the nervous system with information about the sensation
C. Control permeability of surfaces to anything that enters or leaves the body
D. Produce specialized secretions
16. In which of these locations would pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium intermixed with goblet cells be Commented [c16]: A
found?
A. Lining of nasal cavity and trachea C. Surface of the skin
B. Lining of blood vessels D. Lining of the small intestine
17. A tissue with collagen fibers, proteoglycans, and chondrocytes is Commented [c17]: D
A. Dense connective tissue C. Blood
B. Bone D. Cartilage
18. All but one of these structures is a type of dense regular connective tissue. Which is the exception? Commented [c18]: C
A. Ligament C. Ear
B. Tendon D. None of the above
19. Which type of cartilage reduces friction between bony surfaces? Commented [c19]: A
A. Hyaline C. Elastic
B. Fibrous D. None of the above
20. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is Commented [c20]: C
A. The site of polysaccharide synthesis C. The site of lipid synthesis
B. The site of chromosome attachment D. The site of protein synthesis
21. Transcription takes place in the ……………………….. of the cell. Commented [c21]: D
A. Mitochondria C. Golgi apparatus
B. Ribosomes D. Nucleus
22. Which of the following membrane transport mechanism requires ATP? Commented [c22]: D
A. Diffusion B. Filtration C. Osmosis D. Pinocytosis
23. In which of these organelles is chromatin found? Commented [c23]: D
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum C. Lysosomes Commented [c24]: D
B. Golgi apparatus D. Nucleus Commented [c25]: C
24. The movement of solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is an example of
Commented [c26]: B Posterior knee area – popliteal b. Hip
A. Active transport C. Osmosis area – coxal c. Thigh area – femoral d. Point of shoulder –
B. Vesicular transport D. Diffusion acromial
25. The primary components of the cytoskeleton that give the cells strength and rigidity and anchor organelles are the Commented [c27]: D a. Caudal – inferior; away from the
A. Microfilaments C. Microtubules head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body.
b. Distal - farther from the origin of a body part or the point of
B. Lysosomes D. Thick filaments attachment of a limb to the body trunk c. Proximal – closer to
26. An adolescent has been participating in a competitive sport game. Accidentally, he fell off and complains of pain in the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to
the body trunk. d. Lateral - pointing away from the midline of
his coxal area. The adolescent has pain on: the body
A. Posterior knee area C. Thigh area Commented [c28]: C Cytoplasm is the cellular material
B. Hip area D. Point of shoulder outside the nucleus but inside the plasma membrane. a.
27. If the located area is at pointing away from the midline of the body it is termed as: Nucleoli - dark-staining, round bodies in the nucleus. b.
Chromatin – loose network of bumpy threads that is scattered
A. Caudal B. Distal C. Proximal D. Lateral throughout the nucleus. c. Cytoplasm d. Plasma membrane -
28. The cellular material outside the nucleus but is located inside the cell membrane is called: (or cell membrane) contains all cell contents and separates
them from the surrounding environment.
A. Nucleoli C. Cytoplasm
Commented [c29]: D When a section is made along a
B. Chromatin D. Plasma membrane horizontal plane (transverse section) the body is divided into
29. A clinical instructor is discussing about the body planes and sections. When a section is made along a horizontal superior and inferior parts. If a sagittal section is done
plane the body is divided into: (lengthwise/longitudinal plane) the body is divided into right
and left parts. A frontal section is a cut made along a
A. Anterior and posterior parts C. Midsagittal and median section lengthwise plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior
B. Right and left parts D. Superior and inferior parts parts.

30. The abdominal region located at the left side of the umbilical area is called: Commented [c30]: C Question 9 Explanation:
Left lumbar lies beside the umbilical area. Left hypochondriac
A. Left Hypochondriac region C. Left lumbar region lies beside the epigastric region. Left iliac region is located at
B. Left iliac region D. Epigastric area the left side of the hypogastric region.
31. Most school age children are having cuts or wounds at the anterior knee region because of the tendency to fall
during extreme activity involvement. The anterior knee region is also known as: Commented [c31]: B a. Popliteal – posterior knee area
b. Patellar – anterior knee c. Antecubital – anterior surface of
A. Popliteal B. Patellar C. Antecubital D. Tarsal the elbow d. Tarsal – ankle region
32. The cells that fight disease is known as:
Commented [c32]: C
A. Nerve cell B. Fibroblast C. Macrophage D. Epithelial cell
33. The process by which water and solutes are forced through a membrane or capillary wall by fluid or hydrostatic
pressure is called: Commented [c33]: A
A. Filtration C. Passive transport process
B. Diffusion D. Active transport process
34. When the body is divided into right and left parts the cut is a: Commented [c34]: B a. Frontal section – divides the
body into anterior and posterior parts b. Sagittal section –
A. Frontal section C. Coronal section divides the body into right and left parts c. Coronal section –
B. Sagittal section D. Cross section other term for frontal section d. Cross section – divides the
35. The plasma membrane in the body allows some substances to pass through it while excluding others. This type of body into superior and inferior parts

barrier is termed as: Commented [c35]: B he plasma membrane is a selective

permeable barrier. Passive transport processes substances
A. Passive transport process C. Filtration are transported across the membrane without energy input
B. Selective permeability D. Active transport processes from the cell. In active transport processes, the cell provides
the metabolic energy ATP that drives the transport process.
36. A correct anatomical position is best exemplified by which of the following? Filtration is the process by which water and solutes are forced
A. Standing up with palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs pointing towards the body. through a membrane or capillary wall by fluid or hydrostatic
B. Standing up with palms held backward with thumbs pointing towards the body. pressure.

C. Standing up with palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs pointing away from the body. Commented [c36]: C A correct anatomical position is
similar to a “standing at attention” but is less comfortable
D. Standing up with palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs pointing towards the body. because the palms held unnaturally forward with thumbs
37. A patient is complaining of pain in the region at the right side of the hypogastric region. This area of the abdomen is pointing away from the body.
also known as: Commented [c37]: B Right iliac region is located at the
A. Right Hypochondriac region C. Right lumbar region right side of the hypogastric region. Right hypochondriac lies
beside the epigastric region while the right lumbar lies beside
B. Right iliac region D. Umbilical region the umbilical area.
38. While on duty, the student nurse notices that the client’s crural area has lesions and abrasions. Crural area is also Commented [c38]: C Posterior surface of the lower leg -
known as the: sural b. Posterior surface of the elbow - olecranal c. Anterior
leg area - crural d. Lateral part of the leg – fibular
A. Posterior surface of the lower leg C. Anterior leg area
B. Posterior surface of the elbow D. Lateral part of the leg
39. Which structure of the skin is pressure-sensitive? Commented [c39]: A
A. Pacinian Corpuscle C. Merkel cell
B. Meissner’s corpuscle D. None of the above
40. Which cells produce the pigment that contributes to hair colour? Commented [c40]: A
A. Keratinocytes C. Langerhans cells
B. Melanocytes D. Merkel cells
41. The sebaceous glands in the skin produce: Commented [c41]: B
A. Milk B. Oil C. Sweat D. cerumen
42. the body’s attempt to maintain a relatively constant environment is known as:
A. equilibrium C. homeostasis
B. balance D. defense mechanism
43. All of the following mechanisms require ATP, EXCEPT:
A. Endocytosis C. Osmosis
B. Active transport D. Facilitated diffusion
44. The period between active cell divisions is called
A. Prophase C. Interphase
B. Intraphase D. Metaphase
45. The liver is situated in which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity?
A. Left upper quadrant C. Right lower quadrant
B. Right upper quadrant D. Left lower quadrant
46. The urinary bladder is made out of which type of tissue?
A. Stratified squamous epithelium C. Transitional epithelium
B. Loose connective tissue D. Stratified cuboidal epithelium
47. A mental tumor could be one in the _____.
A. Jaw B. Brain C. Thigh D. Leg
48. A cervical lesion could be on the uterus or _____.
A. Neck B. Cheek C. Armpit D. Abdomen
49. A _____ fracture occurred in the elbow area.
A. Dorsum B. Buccal C. Carpal D. Cubital
50. The wrist is the _____ part of the hand region.
A. Proximal
B. Distal
C. Inferior
D. Superior