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Lab Experiment # 1
Familiarization with Electrical Engineering Lab Equipment
Objective: Acquaintance of electrical lab and its equipment’s.
Apparatus required:-
• Plug, Socket and switch
• Bread Board/ Patch Board
• Power Supply (Model RXN 303D):
• The Multimeter
• DEV 2769 Trainer board
• Oscilloscope
• Function Generator
Theory:-
Electronics lab is equipped with 10 work benches. Each work bench contains its dedicated main
220V AC mains supply switch board, multimeter, oscilloscope, DC power supply, function
generator and trainer boards. Before going to lab work each student should ensure following two
things
1: Safety: Execution of Lab work in a safe manner is even more important than performing
accurate electronic measurement and construction of neat circuit. The first step is always to
become familiar with the lab itself. You should know where the fire extinguishers and
emergency exit are located.
The ever present hazard in an electronics lab is an electric shock. Most people equate the severity
of electric shook with the voltage i.e., a 1000V shock is deadlier than a 100V shock. This is not
true. The real measure of a shock is the amount of current that flows through the body.
Following table lists the impact of ac alternating current on the body
Current Effect
1-5mA Threshold of sensation
5-20mA Involuntary muscle contraction
20-100mA Pain, breathing difficulties
100-300mA Change in heartbeat, possible death
>300mA Respiratory paralysis, burn, unconsciousness
The amount of the current flowing through the body during an electric shock depends on the
voltage and resistance between the terminals of voltage source. This resistance consists of (1)
Resistance of the contact point between body and the circuit (2) skin resistance at the point the
current flows into the bode (3) Internal resistance of a body (4) skin resistance where current
flows out of the body(e.g. shoes). Obviously larger the resistance the smaller would be the
current. Therefore, in order to minimize the electric shock hazard
EE-201 Lab Report, ME Department, Wah Engineering College
a) Always power down the electrical equipment, disconnect the power cord and wait for the
few seconds before touching exposed wires. Remember circuit breakers are usually set
for much larger currents (e.g household breakers are at 15A and higher) then the current
that kills a person(200-300mA). Do not assume that your circuit is powered with 5V, it is
not dangerous. In some circuit’s capacitors can be charged to a much higher voltage and
give you a nasty surprise
b) Do not wear rings, watches, necklace and any other loose metallic object. Rings and
watches are especially dangerous as the skin beneath them is wet by sweat making the
resistance of skin much lower
c) Make sure your hands are dry. Resistance of wet skin can be as low as 1K ohm as
opposed to dry skin. Which is about 500k ohm
d) Make sure that your shoes are dry(especially in rainy days). Do not lean on metallic
objects (like legs of bench table) as you are providing a very large contact is for the
current to flow out of your body to ground.
2. Cleanliness:
Maintaining the cleanliness of lab is not only the duty of lab staff but is also important for
students. Whenever you come to lab place your bags outside of lab. You are not allowed to eat
anything within the lab. Don’t through any waste material in lab. After performing the lab
experiment place every apparatus to its original place. These are some of the basic rules. A rule
list is attached to each work bench.
• Resistance in ohms.
• Capacitance in farads.
• Conductance in Siemens.
• Decibels.
• Duty cycle as a percentage.
• Frequency in hertz.
• Inductance in henrys.
• Temperature in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit, with an appropriate temperature test
probe, often a thermocouple
Conclusion: