BIO150 SEPT-JAN 2019

Assessment:

Introduction 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2

(1%)
Methods 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2
(1%)
Results (3%) 3.0 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.6
Discussion 4.0 3.2 2.4 1.6 0.8
(4%)
Conclusion 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.8
(1%)
Total

BIO150

METABOLISM AND CELL DIVISION

LABORATORY REPORT

PRACTICAL : 1_______________________________________

DATE : _23 SEPTEMBER 2019____________

GROUP : AS1202A_______

GROUP MEMBER:

STUDENT’S NAME MATRIX NO.

NURUL ASMIEDA BINTI HELIMI 2019130117
NORAZISAH BINTI SAHARUDDIN 2019948951
LEVANA DEMELZA ANAK DOMINGO 2019562149

LECTURER: MDM SHAHRINA SHAH JAHAN

 BIO150 SEPT-JAN 2019

OBJECTIVE
1) To identify the influence the reaction of catalase
2) To analyse the reaction of catalase on different simple

INTRODUCTION
The enzyme catalase breaks down the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

Catalase
2H2O2 2H2O + O2

Hydrogen peroxide is highly active chemical formed continually as a by-product of chemical

reaction in living cells. It is poisonous and if it were not immediately broken down by the
cells, it would destroy them. Hence, the importance of the enzyme is known.

MATERIALS

7 test tubes

Pestle and mortar

Beaker 250 cm3

Thermometer

Bunsen burner

Hydrogen peroxide

Liver

Kidney

Potato

PROCEDURE

1)2 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide was pour into a clean tube. A 1 cm of liver was cut and dropped into
the test tube of hydrogen peroxide. Observation recorded. It was tested with a splint for oxygen.

2)A 1 cm of liver was cut and placed it in mortar and grinded. Then the ground up liver was transfer
into test tube of hydrogen peroxide. The activity of the ground of liver compare with the activity
observe for the whole piece of liver were noted.

3)Another piece of liver was put into a beaker of boiling water for three minutes. The piece of liver
dropped into fresh hydrogen peroxide. Observation of the enzyme was still capable of broken down
the hydrogen peroxide recorded.

4)The experiments carried out by using heart and potato to find out if they contain the enzyme
catalase.

5)Observation was recorded in Table 1.1

 BIO150 SEPT-JAN 2019

TABLE 1.1
TEST TUBE OBSERVATIONS OXYGEN PRESENT
CONTAINING

Cube of liver -The glowing wooden Present

splinter lighted up
-bubble produced

Ground liver -The glowing wooden Present

splinter lighted up
-more bubble produced

-The glowing wooden

Boiled liver splinter does not light up Absent
-no bubble produced
-The glowing wooden
Cube of heart splinter lighted up dimly Present
-bubble produced

Ground heart -The glowing wooden Present

splinter lighted up
-more bubble produced

-The glowing wooden

Cube of potato splinter does not light up Absent
-no bubble produced
-The glowing wooden
Ground potato splinter does not light up Present but too little
- no bubble produced

QUESTIONS
1) How can you increase the rate of catalase reaction by using the same liver?
 The rate of catalyse reaction can be increased by increasing the surface area of liver.
Other than that, smaller size of particles increased the rate of catalase reaction
because smaller particles consume less energy than larger ones to break down
molecules, therefore the reaction would happen faster. Larger particles decreased
the rate of reaction because they require more energy to break down.

2) How does temperature affect the catalase reaction?

 Increasing the temperature increased the rate of reaction. There is a higher energy
when heated. The enzyme was able to catalyze the reaction more quickly. This is only
until the point until denaturation. At 40 degrees, the enzyme would experience
denaturation causing the rate of reaction to drop. The enzyme would be damaged
and not be able to perform the same way.

3) Discuss your experiment result concerning the three samples used.

 BIO150 SEPT-JAN 2019

Catalase is an enzyme, a protein that catalyzes or accelerates chemical reactions. In this

experiment, the oxygen peroxide is the reactant and substrate in this catalase reaction. It will
break into its product that is water and oxygen when its contact with the catalase enzyme.
The first sample is by using a liver. In the human body, catalase breaks down hydrogen
peroxide in the liver, which is important for certain reactions in cells but can also damage
DNA. Catalase prevents damage by accelerating the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into
oxygen and water. In this experiment, test tube containing liver in grounded and cube formed
lighted up the wooden splinter when it placed inside the test tube with hydrogen peroxide.
When this reaction occur, oxygen gas bubbles escape and create foam. This shows that there
is a present of oxygen and the enzyme catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water
and oxygen. In addition, the rate of enzyme catalase also affected by the temperature. A
temperature that is higher or lower than this optimum point changes the shape of the active
site and stops the enzyme from working. This process is called denaturation. So, a boiled
liver does not react with hydrogen peroxide because the heat above the optimum temperature
will denature the protein. This cause the wooden splinter does not light up. This shows that
the oxygen is absent. So a boiled liver sample has denatured catalase proteins which can no
longer perform their metabolic function.

The second sample is by using a heart. In human heart, it produces a greater amount of
hydrogen peroxide per gram of tissue than any other organ. The rate of enzyme catalase
reaction is affected by the surface area of the heart. That is the reason why, when a cube of
heart used, little oxygen gas bubbles escaped and foam created. The oxygen is present but not
so much and the glowing wooden splinter also lighted up dimly. If we compare with the cube
of liver, the reaction using heart is slower because liver contain more catalase than heart. This
is because heart contains more than 2% of the catalase found in liver. Ground heart lighted up
the wooden splinter reacting with the hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen and water. When
this reaction occur, oxygen gas bubbles escape and create foam.

The third sample is potato. Catalase is also found in plants. Potatoes, particularly, contain
high amounts of catalase. In this experiment, when the cube of potato is used, there is no
bubble escape and no foam created. Thus, there is no oxygen present and the glowing splinter
does not light up. Meanwhile when ground potato used, so little oxygen gas bubbles escaped.
But, the glowing wooden splinter does not light up when it tested. From that, we conclude
that the oxygen is not enough to light up the splinter. Potato contain catalase in this
experiment the there is no reaction when cube of potato used. They may be some error
happened during the experiment such as we cut the potato too large so the result not same as
expected.
 BIO150 SEPT-JAN 2019

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, liver, heart and potato contain enzyme catalase that used to break
hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. From this experiment, we can conclude that liver
contain a lot of catalase. As we can see during the experiment, the reaction of catalase affect
by temperature and enzyme concentration factors.

REFERENCES
1. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-liver-helping-enzymes/
2. https://education.seattlepi.com/catalase-enzymes-potatoes-4108.html
3. Bio 150/MDM MARLINA, lecture notes
4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005272810000678