ENGINEERING DESIGN PROJECT – III (UTA014)

NAME OF STUDENT ROLL NUMBER

ANSH GOEL 101806041

SUBMITTED TO
Ms. Manpreet Kaur

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT
THAPAR INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)
PATIALA-147001, PUNJAB
JULY-DECEMBER 2019
 EXPERIMENT-3
OBJECTIVE
- To draw a schematic circuit diagram of IR Sensor circuit used beneath the module using
Eagle Software Tool.
- To design PCB layout of IR Sensor circuit for module using Eagle Software Tool.

SOFTWARE USED
The software used here to draw and design the PWM Receiver is known as EAGLE which stands
for Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor. It is a scriptable electronic design automation
(EDA) application which includes schematic capture, printed circuit board (PCB) layout, auto-
router and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) features. It is developed by CadSoft Computer
GmbH. The software includes a schematic editor which is used for designing circuit diagrams,
they are stored in files with .SCH extension. It also includes a PCB layout editor which stores
board files with the extension .BRD. EAGLE provides a multi-window graphical user interface
and menu system for editing, project management and to customize the interface and design
parameters.

FIG 1.1 EAGLE Software

COMPONENTS USED

Serial No. Name and Type of Component Value

1 Resistor 330

2 Potentiometer 10K

3 Operational Amplifier LMV358MM

4 MTA Connector MTA02-100

5 LEDs 2.2V

6 IR Photo Diode SFH206

7 IR LED Transmitter SFH482

THEORY
1. Resistor
Resistors can be defined as an electronic component which have a specific, never changing
electrical resistance. The resistance provided by the resistor limits the flow of electrons
through a circuit. They are passive components, meaning they only consume power and
cannot generate it. Resistors are added to circuits usually where they complement active
components like op-amps, microcontrollers, and other IC’s. Resistors are commonly used
to limit current, pull up I/O line and divide voltages. Also, the electrical resistance provided
by the resistor is measured in ohms (). All resistors have two terminals, one connection
on each end of the resistor.

FIG 1.2 Resistors

2. POTENTIOMETER
A potentiometer is a measuring instrument which is essentially a voltage divider used for
measuring the electric potential. Potentiometers are commonly used to control electric
devices such as volume controls on audio equipment. It is a three-terminal resistor with a
sliding or rotating contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider. If only two terminals
are used, one end and the wiper, it acts as a variable resistor or rheostat. Potentiometers are
rarely used to directly control significant power, which is more than a watt, since the power
dissipated in the potentiometer would be comparable to the power in the controlled load.

FIG 1.3 Potentiometer

3. Operational Amplifier (LMV358MM)
An operational amplifier, or op-amp for short, is fundamentally a voltage amplifying
device designed to be used with external feedback components such as resistors and
capacitors between its output and input terminals. These feedback components determine
the resulting function or operation of the amplifier and by the help of different feedback
configurations whether resistive, capacitive or both. They are linear devices that have all
the properties required for ideal DC amplification and are therefore used extensively in
signal conditioning. It is a three-terminal device consisting of two high impedance inputs.
LMV358MM is an operational amplifier which has 2 channels and it supplies a output
current of 60mA per channel. It can supply a maximum voltage of 5.5V and minimum of
2.7V. It can work in a temperature of up to 125 C.

FIG 1.4 LMV358MM

4. MTA02-100
MTA002-100 is a type of MTA Connector which is based on insulation displacement
contact (IDC) technology. It is basically a wire-to-board and wire-to-wire system. MTA
100 connectors have contacts in a single row on .100[2.54] centers. It has a 250V, 5A rating
and terminates 28-22 AWG discrete wire or notched ribbon cycle. It has 2-28 positions and
shrouded headers 2-14.

FIG 1.5 MTA Connector

5. LEDs
LED stands for Light Emitting Diode which is semiconductor light source. The light
emitted from LEDs varies from visible to infrared and ultraviolet regions. They operate on
low voltage and power. LEDs emit photons when electrons recombine with holes on
forward biasing. The two terminals of LEDs are anode (+) and cathode (-) and can be
identified by their size. The longer leg is the positive terminal or anode and shorter one is
negative terminal. LEDs are one of the most common electronic components and are
mostly used as indicators in circuits. They are also used for luminance and optoelectronics
applications.

FIG 1.6 LEDs

6. SFH482
SFH482 is an Infrared LED which is made up of GaAlAs. The IR Led (SFH482) has a
peak wavelength of 880nm. The IR LED consists of a negative and positive pin, the shorter
pin is negative in nature while the longer pin is positive in nature. It has a minimum
operating temperature of about -40 C and a maximum operating temperature of 125 C. It
has forward current rating of 100 mA and a forward voltage rating of 1.5V.

FIG 1.7 SFH482

 7. SFH206
SFH206 is known as a Silicon Pin Photodiode. It has a short switching time and is
especially suitable for applications from 400nm to 1100nm. It is used for control and driver
circuits and also in industrial electronics. It can operate on a temperature ranging from -40
to 100 C. The total power dissipation is of around 150 mW. It has a peak wavelength of
850nm and a peak current of 2nA. It has a reverse voltage (Vr) of 32V and a forward
voltage (Vf) of 1.3V.

FIG 1.8 SFH206

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

FIG 1.9 Schematic Diagram

PCB LAYOUT

FIG 2.0 PCB LAYOUT

DISCUSSION
Here we have learnt about IR Sensor which is required for the buggy to move a path. We have
drawn and designed the schematic diagram and PCB layout of IR Sensor using the EAGLE
Software. Here, we have also used different components such as LMV358MM which is used as a
voltage comparator and also about using potentiometer as a voltage regulator. Finally, we have
designed the PCB Layout of an IR Sensor.

Signature of Faculty Member