CHAPTER 1 – MOVING ON WITH NEWTON

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SECTION: __________________DATE:_______________
BULLET INFORMATIONS

 Force is a push or a pull exerted by one body on another body.

 A force is a vector quantity. It has a magnitude as well as direction.
 The SI unit of force is newton, represented by the capital letter “N”.
 A smaller unit of force is dyne
 Two general types of forces:
 Fundamental force – noncontact in nature
 Non-fundamental force – contact in nature (friction, resistance etc.)
 Fundamental forces have four types:
 Gravitational force – is the force of attraction between objects by virtue of their masses.
 Electromagnetic force – Is either an attractive force or repulsive force between charged
bodies.
 Strong nuclear force – holds the constituents of the nucleus of an atom together.
 Weak nuclear force – plays a role in the radioactive decay of some nuclei.
 Contact forces – is a force may result from direct physical contact between two objects.
Noncontact force or “action at a distance force” – does not involve direct physical contact.
 Mass – is the quantity of matter that a body contains. Mass is a scalar quantity. The SI unit of
mass is kilogram (K).
Weight – is the force on a body due to gravity. Weight is vector quantity.
 Mass and Weight are related by the equation: W = mg
 Three Laws of Motion: Isaac Newton
 Law of Inertia – The Newton’s first law of motion states that “a body at rest will remain
at rest and a body in motion will continue to move with constant velocity unless acted
upon by an unbalanced external force”.
Inertia – is the property of a body to resist a change in its state of motion.
 Law of Acceleration – the Newton’s second law of motion states that “an unbalanced
force acting on a body produces acceleration. The acceleration is directly proportional to
the unbalanced force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body. The
acceleration acts in the same direction as the unbalanced force”. a = F
m
 Law of Interaction – The Newton’s third law states that “to every action, there is an
equal but opposite reaction force”
 Momentum – is the product of mass and velocity. Momentum is usually represented by a small
letter p. (p = mv)
 Impulse – is the product of force and time during which the force acts. The SI unit is newton-
second. It is represented by a letter J (Joule). J =Ft
 Friction – refers to resistance between two materials in contact.
 Types of friction:
 Static friction – applies to cases where friction is sufficient to prevent relative motion
between the surfaces
 Kinetic Friction – is present when there is relative motion between the surfaces in
contact.
 Rolling friction – occurs when one surface rotates as it moves over another surface
without sliding nor slipping at the point or area of contact.
 Fluid or drag friction – refers to the forces that resist relative motion of an object
through a fluid or a fluid through another fluid.
 Starting friction – maximum static friction
 Terminal velocity – the object stops accelerating and falls with a constant velocity.
 UCM or Uniform Circular Motion – it is the motion of an object traveling along a circular path at
a constant speed but with changing velocity.
 Centripetal force – a force-producing centripetal acceleration.

Prepared By:
Shiela M. Ocho