States of Matter

States of Matter

Class assignment

Single Choice Questions

Q 1. Equal masses of H2, He and CH4 are mixed in empty container at 300 K, when total pressure is
52 atm. The partial pressure of CH4 in the mixture is
(a) 0.5 atm (b) 4 atm (c) 0.8 atm (d) 0.2 atm.
Q 2. If the graph is drawn for 1 mole real gas in such a way, PV is drawn in Y-axis and P in X-axis,
then which of the following will be correct value for the intercept of the graph for real gas?
(a) RT (b) RT + Pb + a (c) RT – Pb + a (d) RT + Pb + ab + a
Q 3. A temperature at which real gases obey the ideal gas law over a wide range of pressure is called
(a) Critical temperature (b) Inversion temperature
(c) Boyle’s temperature (d) Kindling temperature
Q 4. In monoatomic gases, increase in temperature increases
(a) translation kinetic energy (b) vibrational kinetic energy
(c) rotational kinetic energy (d) no energy
Q 5. A gas behaves most likely as an ideal gas under conditions of
(a) high temperature, low pressure (b) low temperature, high pressure
(c) low temperature, low pressure (d) high temperature, high pressure
Q 6. The difference in two specific heats (CP – CV) of liquids is equal to
(a) nearly zero (b) R (c) 5/2 R (d) 3/2 R
Q 7. The density of neon gas will be highest at
(a) STP (b) 0C, 2atm (c) 10C, 1 atm (d) 273C, 2atm
Q 8. At the same temperature and pressure, which of the following will have highest K.E. per mole?
(a) H2 (b) O2 (c) CH4 (d) All have same K.E.
Q 9. It is easier to liquefy oxygen than hydrogen because
(a) oxygen has a higher Tc and lower inversion temperature (Ti)
(b) oxygen has a lower Tc and higher Ti than hydrogen
(c) oxygen has high Tc and high Ti than hydrogen
(d) oxygen has low Tc and low Ti than hydrogen
Q 10. The ratio between kinetic energies of 16g of O2 and 28g of N2 respectively at 300 K will be
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 4 : 7

Multiple Choice Questions

Q 11. When one mole of ammonia present in a 500 ml vessel at -10°C and 30.0 atm pressure, then
(a) compressibility factor of NH3 is 0.69 (b) compressibility factor of NH3 is 1.69
(c) ideal pressure of NH3 is 43.18 atm (d) ideal pressure of NH3 is 30 atm.
Q 12. A mixture of CO and CO2 is found to have a density of 1.5 g/L at 30°C and 740 torr. The
composition of mixture is
(a) CO is 35.5% (b) CO2 is 35.7% (c) CO2 is 64.5% (d) CO is 64.3%

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 States of Matter

Q 13. Which of the following is/are correct for above graph ?

(a) For gas A, a = 0 and Z will linearly depend on pressure
(b) For gas B, b = 0 and Z will linearly depend on pressure
(c) Gas C is a real gas and we can find V and 'b' if intersection data is given.
(d) All van der Waals' gases will behave like C and give positive slope at high pressure.
Q 14. Which of the following is/are correct ?
(a) At inversion temperature (T/P)H equal to zero (b) Joule-Thomson coefficient equal to
 2a 
  b
 RT 
CP
(c) There would be fall in temperature of gas in Joule-Thomson expansion when >b
(d) At inversion temperature b equal to 2a/RT
Q 15. The viscosity of a liquid or relative viscosity is given by
(a) (b)

(c) where = viscosity of liquid, = density of liquid (d)

Passage Based Questions

PASSAGE - 1
The total energy of molecule is divided equally amongst the various degrees of freedom of a
molecule. The distribution of kinetic energy along x, y, z axis are
Total K.E. = Since the motion of molecule is equally probable in all the three
directions, therefore,

where k = = Boltzmann constant

1
T. K.E. = T per molecule or RT per mole.
2
In vibrational motion, molecules possess both kinetic as well as potential energy. This means
energy of vibration involves two degrees of freedom.
1 1
Vibrational energy = 2 × kT + 2 × RT [two degrees of freedom per molecule]
2 2
If the gas molecules have n1 translational degrees of freedom, n2 rotational degrees of freedom
and n3 vibrational degrees of freedom, then total energy =
Degrees of Freedom
Types of Gas Translational Rotational Vibrational
Monoatomic 3 0 0
Diatomic 3 2 (3n - 5) = 1
Triatomic 3 for linear 3 for non- 2 for linear 3 for non (3n - 5) for linear (3n - 6)
linear linear for non-linear

where 'n' is atomicity of gas.

Q 16. How many total degrees of freedom are present in H2 molecules in all types of motions ?
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 4

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 States of Matter

Q 17. The vibrational kinetic energy of CO2 molecule is

(a) 2 RT (b) 4 RT (c) 8 RT (d) RT
Q 18. The rotational energy of H2O molecule is equal to
(a) (3/2) kT (b) (1/2) kT (c) kT (d) 2kT

PASSAGE - 2
As we go higher above the sea level, the atmospheric pressure decreases. The exact decrease in
pressure with increase is given by the following expression called barometric formula.

2.303 log Po = Pressure at sea level, P is pressure at height 'h'

-1 -3 - -2
M = Average molecular mass of air = 28.8 g mol = 28.8 × 10 kg mol 1 g = 9.8 ms , R = 8.314
JK-1 mol-1, T is temperature in Kelvin.
Boiling point of the liquid is the temperature at which vapour pressure of liquid becomes equal to
atmospheric pressure. It means boiling point depends upon external pressure acting on the liquid. As the
temperature increases, vapour pressure increases.
Q 19. The boiling point of water at higher altitude is
(a) 100 °C (b) < 100 °C (c) > 100 °C (d) 0°C
Q 20. The boiling point of water in pressure cooker is
(a) 100 °C (b) > 100 °C (c) < 100°C (d) 25 °C
Q 21. The relation between vapour pressure of a liquid and external pressure
(a) V.P  Pext (b) V.P  1/Pext. (c) V. P is independent of external pressure. (d) V.P = Pext

Assertion & Reason

Question Instruction For Questions
(a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, R is false. (d) A is false, R is true.
Q 22. A : Absolute zero is lowest possible temperature
R : A lower temperature would correspond to negative value of volume of gas which is physically
meaningless.
Q 23. A : H2 and He show some ideal gas behaviour.
R : All real gases deviate from ideal gas behaviour at low temperature and high pressure.
Q 24. A : H2 when allowed to expand at room temperature, it causes heating effect.
R : H2 has inversion temperature much below room temperature.
Q 25. A : Cp - Cv = R, for an ideal gas

R: = 0 for an ideal gas at constant temperature.

Match the column

Q 26. Column I Column II
(a) Root mean square velocity (P)

(b) Most probable velocity (Q)

(c) Average velocity (R)

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 States of Matter

(d) K.E. of gas mol1 (S)

Numerical Questions
Q 27. 3.7 g of a gas at 25°C occupied the same volume as 0. 184g of hydrogen at 17°C and at the
same pressure. What is the molecular weight of the gas?
Q 28. A straight glass tube has two inlets X and Y at two ends. The length of tube is 200 cm. HCl gas
through inlets X and NH3 gas through inlet Y are allowed to enter the tube at the same time.
What fumes appear at point P inside the tube. Find distance of P from X.

home assignment
Single Choice Questions
Q 1. Two grams of gas A are introduced in a evacuated flask at 25°C. The pressure of the gas is 1
atm. Now 3 g of another gas B is introduced in the same flask the total pressure becomes 1.5
atm. The ratio of molecular mass of A and B is
(a) 3/1 (b) 1/3 (c)1/4 (d) 2/3
Q 2. Calculate the volume occupied at 27°C and 2 atmospheric pressure of the gas evolved from 2 ml
of solid carbon dioxide. The density of solid CO2 is 1.53 g/ml
(a) 0.855 L (b) 0.538 L (c) 0.429 L (d) 0.938 L
Q 3. The critical pressure and critical temperature of a gas obeying van der Waals' equation have
values 73 atm, and 31°C. Calculate the van der Waals' constant V.
(a) 3.58 (b) 4.68 (c) 3.86 (d) 9.56
Q 4. It is possible to liquefy a gas
(a) at a temperature above critical temperature and at a pressure above critical pressure
(b) at a temperature at critical temperature and at a pressure lower than critical pressure
(c) at critical temperature and at a pressure equal to critical pressure
(d) at a temperature above critical temperature and pressure below critical pressure.
Q 5. At constant volume for a fixed number of moles of the gas, the pressure of the gas increases in
temperature due to
(a) increase in arrange molecular speed. (b) increase in collision frequency
(c) increase in molecular attraction (d) increase in mean free path
Q 6. The velocity of hydrogen molecule is 1.84 × 10 5 cm/s and the mean free path is 1.78 × 10 -5 cm
at STP. The collision frequency of hydrogen is
(a) 1.84 × 105 s-1 (b) 1.78 × 10-5 s-1 (c) 1.03 × 1010 s-1 (d) 324 s-1
Q 7. The molar specific heat at constant volume of a mixture of gases A and B is 4.33 cal K -1 mol-1. A
is monatomic and B is diatomic gas then the ratio of moles of A and B is
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 3 : 1
Q 8. At what temperature will the total K.E. of 0.3 mol of He be the same as the total K.E. of 0.4 mol
of Ar at 400 K?
(a) 533 K (b) 400 K (c) 346 K (d) 300 K
Q 9. A quantity of gas is collected in a graduated tube over mercury. The volume of the gas at 20C is
50.0 ml and the level of the mercury in the tube is 100 mm above the outside mercury level. The
barometer reads 750 mm, volume at S.T.P. is
(a) 39.8 ml (b) 40 ml (c) 42 ml (d) 60 ml
Q 10. The equal amount of hydrogen and oxygen are filled in a balloon and a same hole is made after

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 States of Matter

sometime 0.01 mole of hydrogen effused out. The mole fraction of oxygen left in balloon is
(a) 0.50 (b) 0.098 (c) 0.055 (d) 0.98
Multiple Choice Questions
Q 11. In a Victor Meyer experiment 0.241 gram of chloroform expelled 47.9 ml of air collected over
mercury measured at 23°C and 764 mm pressure. Calculate the approximate molecular weight
of chloroform.
(a) 110 (b) 120 (c) 80 (d) 140
Q 12. For a molecule of CO2
(a) there are three translational degrees of freedom.
(b) there are two rotational degrees of freedom
(c) there are four vibrational degrees of freedom and the total energy = 13/2 kT
Q 13. The factor (s) which measure (s) the deviation from ideal behavior from ideal behavior of a gas are
(a) collision diameter (b) compressibility factor (c) van der Waals’ constant ‘a’ (d) collision frequency
Q 14. 4 g of H2 diffused through a small hole is 5 seconds at 1 atm. The amount of oxygen diffused in
same interval of time at 1.5 atm and same temperature will be
(a) 16 g (b) 32 g (c) 8 g (d) 24 g
Q 15. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Linde process for the liquefaction of air is based on Joule Thomson effect.
(b) At ordinary temperature hydrogen gas gets warmed up instead of getting cooled in the Joule
– Thomson expansion.
(c) At ordinary temperature CO2 gas gets warmed up instead of getting cooled in the Joule –
Thomson expansion.
(d) The electrostatics forces of attraction between induced dipoles and the original dipoles are
termed as London forces.
Passage Based Questions
PASSAGE - 1
On the basis of postulates of kinetic theory of gases, it is possible to derive the mathematical
1
expression, commonly called as kinetic gas equation. PV = mn' C2RMS
3
Where P = Pressure of the gas; V = Volume of the gas
m = Mass of the molecule of the gas; n' = Number of molecule present
This has been derived by considering that a certain mass of gas enclosed in a
cubical vessel of side 'l' centimeter having ri molecules and mass of each molecule being
m. The speed can be resolved into three components, i.e., ux, uy , and uz parallel to the edges of the
container as shown
Q 16. The total change in momentum along face T will be
(a) mux (b) mu2x (c) mux2/l (d) mux/l
Q 17. Total change in momentum along x-axis will be
(a) 2mux2/l (b) 2mux/l (c) mu2 (d) 2 mu2x
Q 18. The pressure exerted by the gas is directly proportional to
(a) root mean square speed (b) average speed (c) mean square speed d) All of these
PASSAGE - 2
Density of gas is inversely proportional to temperature and directly proportional to pressure.
  = constant 

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 States of Matter

Density at a particular temperature and pressure can be calculated by using ideal gas equatior
mass
PV = nRT  PV =  RT
molar mass( M )
mass PM
P×M= × RT P× M = d × RT  d=
volume RT
Q 19. Which of the following has maximum density ?
(a) O2 at 25°C and 1 atm (b) O2 at 0°C and 2 atm
(c) O2 at 273°C and 1 atm (d) O2 at 0°C and 1 atm
Q 20. The density of CO2 at 1 atm and 273 K is
(a) 1.96 gL-1 (b) 2.12 gL-1 (c) 1.09 gL-1 (d) 2.02 gL-1
Q 21. The density of gas is 3.8 g L-1 at STP. The density at 27°C and 700 mm Hg pressure will be
(a) 3.185 gL-1 (b) 3.185 g ml-1 (c) 3.185 kg L-1 (d) 3.185 kg ml-1
Assertion & Reason
Question Instruction For Questions
(a) Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, R is false. (d) A is false, R is true.
Q 22. A : The value of van der Waals' constant 'a' is larger for NH3 than PH3.
R : Hydrogen bonding is present in NH3
Q 23. A : At constant volume the pressure of given mass of a gas increases or decreases by 1/273 of
its pressure at 0°C per degree change of temperature.
R : At constant volume the change in internal energy of the gas is zero.
Q 24. A : At low pressure and fairly high temperature real gases show nearly ideal behaviour and the
ideal gas equation is obeyed.
R : At high pressure, pressure due to attraction force and volume of one molecule is negligible.
Q 25. A : if the volume occupied by the gas molecules is not negligible as compared to the total volume of
the gas then the volume available for compression of the gas will be less than the observed volume.
R : The compressibility factor for an ideal gas is 1

Match the column

Q 26. Column I
(a) Volume coefficient
(b) Every 1° change in temperature
(c) Volume of gas becomes zero at
(d) Gas cannot be liquified above
Column II
(P) Absolute temperature
(Q) Change in volume per degree change in temperature
(R) The volume of gas change by1/273 of the volume at 0°C
(S) Inversion temperature

Numerical Questions
Q 27. 1 litre of mixture of CO and CO 2 is taken. The mixture is passed through a tube containing red
hot charcoal . the volume now becomes 1.6 litre. The volumes are measured under the same
conditions. Find the composition of mixture by colume.
Q 28. The pressure in a bulb dropped from 2000 to 1500 mm of mercury in 47 minutes when the
contained oxygen leaked through a small hole. The bulb was then evacuated. A mixture of
oxygen and another gas of molecular weight 79 in the molar ratio of 1 : 1 at a total pressure of
4000 mm of mercury was introduced. Find the molar ratio of the two gases remaining in the
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States of Matter

bulb after a period of 74 minutes.

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