Presentation on Vocational

Training at DPL
Submitted by:
 Inderveer Singh Kamboh
Dipanwita Ghosh
Satyajit Marik
Saumyadip Moitra
Sayantany Ghanty
Sumanta Das

Department of Electrical Engineering, BCREC

BCREC/EE/7thSem 1
 AboutDPL-Overview
Thermal Power Station
Alternator Units
Transformers
Transmission & Distribution
Protection Systems
Switch Yard
Load Dispatch centre
Coke Oven
Conclusion &Future prospects
BCREC/EE/7thSem 2
About DPL-Overview

•Incorporated on 6th September,1961. Govt. of West Bengal Undertaking

•Thermal Power Plant. A total of seven units of different capacities have
an aggregate 701-mega watt of installed capacity
•Consists of Coke Oven Batteries, Bye-products Plant, Gas Grid Project,
Thermal Power Plant and Water Works
•. Generation of power and its distribution at 11KV in its licensed area
at Durgapur and transmission of surplus power to WBSEB & WBSEDCL

BCREC/EE/7thSem 3
 Thermal Power Station
•A generating station, which converts heat energy of coal combustion into
electrical energy, is known as a steam power station
•A steam power station works on the Rankine cycle. Steam is produced in
the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal combustion that is then expanded in
the prime mover (i.e. steam turbine) and is condensed to be fed into the
boiler again. The steam turbine drives the alternator which converts
mechanically energy of turbine into electrical energy
ADVANTAGES:
The fuel (i.e. coal) used is quite cheap.
Less initial cost as compared to other generating stations
It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of coal. The
coal can be transported to the site of the plant by rail or road.
It requires less space as compared to the hydroelectric power stations.

BCREC/EE/7thSem 4
 Layout of a typical Thermal Power Plant:
Coal and ash handling arrangements.
Steam generating plant.
Steam turbine.
Boiler
Alternator.
Feed water.
Cooling arrangements
BCREC/EE/7thSem 5
 BOILER:

•The boiler is a rectangular furnace about 50 feet (15 m) on a side and 130 feet (40 m) tall. Its
walls are made of a web of high pressure steel tubes about 2.3 inches (58 mm) in diameter.
•The accessories include –
1.Economizer2. Boiler Drum3. Down comers 4. Water walls5. Water wall plates
6. Primary super heater 7. Platen super heater 8. Final Super heater 9. Reheater 10. Burner 11.
Ignitors.
•The heat of combustion of coal in the boiler is utilized to convert water into steam at high
pressure and temperature.

BCREC/EE/7thSem 6
•Generator of the alternator as it is usually called in the electrical end of the
turbo-generator set. It is cylindrical pole synchronous generator
•converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy. The
generation of electricity is based on the Faradays law of electromagnetic
induction.
•STATOR: THE stator is a component that embodies the armature core and
armature winding.
•ROTOR: The rotor forms the poles and provides the magnetic field. It revolves
at a speed of 3000 r.p.m.
BCREC/EE/7thSem 7
Description Unit I Unit II Unit III Unit IV Unit V Unit VI Unit VII Total

Capacity(MW) 30 30 77 77 77 110 300 641

Date of
10.6.1960 10.4.1960 23.4.1964 19.6.1964 4.5.1966 3.7.1985 29.12.2007
Synchronisation

Date of Commercial
10.8.1960 10.6.1960 23.6.1964 29.6.1964 4.7.1966 1.1.1987 30.4.2008
Operation

Present Status Decommissioned Decommissioned In operation In operation In operation In operation In operation

Cross section of an
elementary
stator and salient-
pole rotor

BCREC/EE/7thSem 8
 Transformer is the static device for rising or lowering voltage level in a.c.
electrical circuits
In DPPS there are 6 generator transformers., 1 auxiliary transformer & 1
reserve transformer
These transformers are cooled by three methods-
OFAF
ONAF
ONAN
BHEL is the provider for majority of these transformers.

BCREC/EE/7thSem 9
Transformer Protection & Accessories:
There are many protection devices used to protect a power transformer. The
factors governing the protection scheme are its size, importance and location of
the transformer.
CONSERVATOR
BREATHER
BUCHHOLZ RELAY
VENT PIPE
AIR NATURAL COOLING FAN

BCREC/EE/7thSem 10
 TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION

The Power that is generated from power plant must be transmitted to different
places through substations Every substations has one or more than one transformer
& circuit breakers.
132 KV Incomers  Lightning arrester  Isolator  CT  Circuit breaker 
Isolator  Lightning arrester  Step - transformer (132KV /11KV)  11 KV
incomer  Bus Bar  Feeders  Outgoing line  Underground cable 
Distributor
BCREC/EE/7thSem 11
Circuit Breakers:
A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect
an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to
detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow.
Type of circuit breaker:
1)Low-voltage circuit breakers 2)Magnetic circuit breakers 3)Medium-voltage
4)High-voltage circuit breakers 5) (SF6) high-voltage circuit breakers
6)Carbon dioxide (CO2) high-voltage CB 7)Vacuum circuit breaker
Relay
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-
state relays

BCREC/EE/7thSem 12
ISOLATOR:
•Isolator is basically a no load switch designed to operate under no load condition
•Isolators used in power system are generally three pole isolators having identical
supports
•The isolators are “Horizontal Breaker Type”.
LIGHTNING ARRESTER:
•Lightning Arrester are usually connected between phase and ground of the power
plant to protect the equipment from sudden over voltages caused by lightning or
some other reasons
•Lightning arrester consists of low resistor and gap elements. Resistor elements
consist of nonlinear resistors

Isolator
BCREC/EE/7thSem 13
In DPL there are three different KV bus bars present
33KV
132 KV
220KV
33kv feeders go to two substation:-
One is near Barrage at Bankura & another is near coal belt region.
132kv feeders go to four substations of DPL. The substations are:-
A-Substations(FCI)
B-Substations(near MAMC)
C-Substations(Durgapur Chemicals)
C-1 Substations(near Raturia)
220kv feeders go to Bidhannagar substations

BCREC/EE/7thSem 14
The Load Despatch Department is the nerve centre for the operation , planning ,
monitoring and control of the power system . Electricity cannot be stored and has to
be produced when it is needed. It is therefore essential that power system is planned
and operated optimally & economically.
DPL
There are 4 tie lines : 2 nos. of 132 KV line(temporarily OFF now) and 2 nos. of 220
KV line. These tie lines are used for import or export of power. Since now 132 KV
lines are OFF hence at present the 2 nos. 220kV lines are used for this purpose.
If there is excess power generation above demand then those excess are exported
and if demand is more than generation then power has to be imported. These
import and export of power is done from/ to WBSETCL and IEX(Indian energy
Exchange).
All consumers are of 132 KV, but power is generated or received at 220 KV. So to
distribute power to the consumers there are 3 nos. auto transformer, 2 nos. 160
MVA 220Kv/ 132Kv transformers and 1 nos. 100 MVA transformer. These
instruments step down power to 132 KV from 220 KV for distribution to consumers.
It is also mandatory to buy some small amount of solar energy namely 2, 3, 4 MW.
A 15 mins recording procedure is used for recording of power generation ,demand
and frequency.
BCREC/EE/7thSem 15
COKE OVEN
DPL's Coke Oven Complex is India's one of the largest Merchant Cokery producing
Coke of global quality. The current installed capacity of the Coke Oven Complex is
0.5 million tonnes of Gross Coke per annum, 20,000 tonnes of Crude Coal Tar per
annum and 90 million NM3 of Coke Oven gas per annum.
Description #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total
Nos of Ovens 30 30 - - 40 100
Status Operational Hot Blank Future Future Operational
Rebuilding Rebuilding
Height (Mtrs) 4.5 4.5 - - 4.5
Width (mm) 400 400 - - 400
Length (mm) 13400 13400 - - 13430
Eff. Volume M3 21.74 21.74 - - 21.76
Type Twin flue Side jet gas gun Twin flue Side jet gas gun - - Twin flue underjet
system System heat regenerative
Oven Availability 100% 100% - - 100%

BCREC/EE/7thSem 16
Conclusion & Future Prospects:
•8th Unit 250 MW capacity is being built in association with BHEL
•Units I &II decommissioned , sold as scrap.
•In order to boost its financial position, DPL has forayed into Real
Estate Sector.
•Coal Bed Methane (CBM ) technology is being implemented for future
power generation

BCREC/EE/7thSem 17
BCREC/EE/7thSem 18