ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Always acknowledge God because without him, we are nothing. The researchers

are so grateful to the most beloved God above all for the protection and support in making

this research successful. The researchers were has ultimate gratitude to the gorgeous

teacher Mrs.Metocila O. Agbay for being there when the researchers need to advice to

the topic and guide on what the good thing to do, Mr. Sayville Niño U. Dumanon for being

the statistician who has a big contribution through the process or steps of the research,

and thanking him for being a Research teacher, sir we’ve learn a lot about research

because you teach us how to be a good researcher and how to gather the right data for

our topic..

Special thanks also to Agusan l Junior High School faculty and staff for letting the

researchers to conduct a survey and to collect grades. To all students of grade 7 of

Agusan Senior High School who are participated and gave their time to answer the given

questionnaire.

To the parents who are heartedly given their support financially, the researchers

were very thankful to you. Because of you, the researchers were able to reach a

prosperous research study. Your presence is highly appreciated. Thank you very much!
 ABSTRACT

This research investigate and promotes the awareness of cyberbullying towards

students of grade 7 in Agusan National High School. In this article, ‘cyberbullying’ refers

to bullying via electronic communication tools. Cyber bullying is an online aggressive

behaviour in the digital space. Bullying is a form of peer aggression which can be as

damaging as any form of conventional aggression (Mickie, 2011). The problem

investigated in this research concerns cyber bullying that disturbs university students

psychologically and emotionally. Bullying also prevents students from achieving good

grades. It seems that technologies are in some ways creating more stress on our young

in the form of cyber bullying rather than to help them progress. Research findings have

shown that young students who become victims of cyber bullies suffer great stress

(Elizabeth, 2010). Hence there is an urgent need to understand the problems faced by

the victims so that concrete and proactive measures can be taken by university

authorities, teachers and parents to address this global problem. The objective of this

study is to evaluate the level of awareness of students towards cyberbullying. This will

also determine whether if there’s any significant difference of cyberbullying towards their

demographic profile. In this study the researchers used both quantitative method to

analyze data we gathered through survey questionnaires (Likert Scale Model) and to

obtain furthermore data researchers used F-test or ANOVA. Then the results were there

is NO significant difference of cyberbullying towards their profile and the findings were

more suprisingly AWARE according to our result towards cyberbullying.

 STUDENTS’ AWARENESS ON CYBERBULLYING

Chapter 1

I. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that

involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the

potential to be repeated, over time. Bullying includes actions such as making threats,

spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from

a group on purpose.

As the days, years and generations pass by, the world of social media is growing

bigger and bigger. It becomes more advanced than ever and a lot of people want it to

improve and they think that it would be better if it continues to develop more than the

usual thing that we have nowadays. As it continues to grow, people have the advantages

it has been helpful to them in many aspects like connecting to other people easily by

chatting them or posting something that makes them feel like they're just close to where

you are. But opposite of the advantages that they have, they also have the disadvantages

of using social media like they experience cyber bullying which can affect them

emotionally. This cyber bullying is also growing which is resulting to more incidents of it.

Many people already experienced cyber bullying, not only the known personalities like

the government officials and celebrities but also an ordinary individual may experience it.

Cyber bullying causes the victim to be hurt emotionally (Kirschner&Karpinski, 2010).

Cyber bullying involves the use of information and communication technologies,

such as e-mail, cell phone and pager text messages, instant messaging, defamatory

personal Web sites, and defamatory online personal polling Web sites, to support
deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group that is intended to

harm others (Belsey, 2004Belsey, B. (2004).

Cyber bullying can be devastating for victims and their families. The psychological

harm inflicted by cyber bullying, just like bullying, is reflected in low self-esteem, school

failure, anger, anxiety, depression, school avoidance, school violence, and suicide. It is

even possible that the damage from cyber bullying would be greater than bullying

because there is no escape for the victims; harmful material could be easily preserved as

well as quickly and widely spread. Further, many people who would not harass others

face-to-face might cyber bully peers because they believe that they could hide or it would

be acceptable to engage in such behavior virtually (Beran& Li, 2005Li, Q. 2005. Willard,

2004bWillard, N. (2004b).

According to Willard (2004aWillard, N. (2004a). Cyber bullying can take different

forms, with the main forms ranging from flaming, to harassment, to cyber stalking. The

following list gives a formal definition for each form:

Flaming
A confrontation often happening on message boards or other public online spaces,

this usually entails one or more bullies attacking a particular person for their views or

comments. The abuse can include harsh images, cruel language and even threats.

Exclusion
This is a singling-out of the targeted person. They are purposefully excluded from

chats or ignored on message boards, but to add insult to injury, those who are ignoring

that person will often send nasty comments to them or otherwise harass them.
Cyber stalking
This is a type of harassment that involves one or more bullies going to great lengths

to gather information about a particular person, continually frightening or threatening

them, following them around social media and other sites, and potentially crossing the

line into physical stalking and opportunity for physical harm.

Outing
This is the malicious release of personal and private information about a person,

usually with the intent to embarrass or humiliate. The outing might take the form of

pictures, videos or screenshots, or it could be spiteful rumors about someone’s personal

life, sexuality or other private information.

Masquerading
This happens when a bully creates a fake identity to harass someone anonymously

or to impersonate someone else, often called “fraping,” such as pretending to be the victim

or a significant other. The bully might also sign up on various social media sites and

masquerade as the victim, creating a negative reputation for the victim. “Even if the cyber

bullying is anonymous, students should still report the cyber bullying to a trusted

administrator at their college or university,” Hall said. “Reporting it to a resident assistant,

faculty member, advisor, or better yet, campus security is a really good idea.”

Trolling

Trolls try to provoke victims through the use of insults, controversial topics or off-

topic posts into acting out in a similarly angry way. The provocation includes personal

attacks on the victim.

Catfishing

This refers specifically to those cyberbullies who steal photos and information from

a victim’s social media account and recreate a fake one of their own, mimicking and

pretending to be the victim. This can be especially damaging to college students, who

might be befriended by or researched by current or future employers online.

Denigration

The posting of mean-spirited gossip and rumors with the intent of harming the

victim’s reputation or relationships. Whether the rumors or statements spread are true or

not often does not matter, and they can achieve the same effect. Once a group is exposed

to a particularly sordid or shocking rumor, it can have a snowball effect wherein the victim

is unable to shed the stigma attached to it.

Cyberbullying can occur on Social Media Sites (Facebook, Twitter, etc) blogs

(interactive Web journals), Websites, in e-mails, luster's, chats, instant messaging, and

text/digital image messaging via mobile devices. It can relate to racial, religious, and

cultural biases.

Getting to know of these might help victims of cyberbullying to getting away from

it or avoid it. Awareness of cyber bullying is very important not just for the students but all

of us because bullying is such a worst thing. This can lead to suicidal which is very severe,

depression, etc. Specially for students that be bullied might dropped their grades because

of stress or depression.

Cyber bullying is different from traditional bullying due to the anonymity that the

Internet can provide. Cyber bullies do not have to own their actions due to the anonymity
and cyber bullying is often outside of the legal reach of schools and school boards since

it often happens outside of the school.

The purpose of this paper is to further understand and let us be aware of cyber

bullying which continues to occur more often as technology becomes more readily

accessible by everyone, especially students and to explore ways of preventing cyber

bullying before it happens.

II. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Students Demographic Profile Awareness of Cyberbullying

In this study, the researchers will conduct a study regarding the awareness of

cyber bullying towards the grade 7 students of Agusan National High School, the

researchers focus only on the students’ awareness of cyber bullying.

The dependent variable demonstrates the students’ awareness of the cyber

bullying while the independent variable demonstrates the demographic profile of the

students on their age, gender, and academic performance.

The demographic factor that has been examined in relation to cyber bullying

prevalence rates is gender. Gender differences in experiences with cyber bullying, either

as perpetrator or victim, are currently fervently debated. Males are typically thought to
engage in more direct forms of aggression, whereas females may prefer to engage in

more indirect forms of aggression (Kowalski et al., 2012b). Because cyber bullying has

been identified as a form of indirect aggression, the finding in several studies that females

are more likely than males to engage in cyber bullying behavior is relatively unremarkable

(Kowalski and Limber, 2007; Robers et al., 2010; Tokunaga, 2010).

III. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Socio-ecological Theory

Espelage and Swearer (2004) and Cowie and Jennifer (2008) favor an ecological

model for understanding bullying behaviors, similar to the one used by Bronfenbrenner,

a developmental psychologist, as a way of examining bullying and cyberbullying

behaviors. “This framework views youth behavior as shaped by individual characteristics

and a range of nested contextual systems of schools, adults, neighborhoods, and society”

(Swearer et al., p. 42, 2010). This model places the individual at the Centre and society

as the overarching feature surrounding it. The reciprocal model endeavors to clarify how

young people situate themselves and behave within the society to which they belong. It

was developed to help understand the interactions between personal and environmental

factors. As Swearer and Doll (2001) explain: Bronfenbrenner (1977) describes this eco-

system with his classic diagram resembling a target, with the child at the center and

concentric, reciprocal circles representing contexts from those closest to the child (family)

to those furthest away (community) (p. 10).

 In conclusion, socio-ecological theory is an intricate system of interplaying facets.

This allows for an understanding of the causes of social exclusion through the interaction

of the different levels or risk factors that make up the foundation of the model. While this

model may have its uses in gaining an understanding of social exclusion, it has only been

used in one empirical study. In a study by Festl and Quandt (2013), the socio-ecological

approach was used to explain and explore the socio-demographics (the groups and

classes) of the schools involved. Results showed that boys tended to be perpetrators and

girls and younger students tended to be victims.

IV. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Bullying is can be done at any forms. It may be physically or verbally. But there's

one form of bullying that can affect one particular person even though it's not through a

physical or verbal contact, it is cyber bullying. This is a major problem that occurs in social

media and many individuals have already experienced this. This is why the researchers

would like to promote awareness of cyber bullying.

These are the following questions that we would like to be answered by studying

and creating this thesis:

The main objective of this study are

i. To evaluate the level of awareness of students towards cyber bullying.

ii. To determine the significant difference of cyber bullying towards the student’s
demographic profile.

The following research questions were formulated to guide this study.

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of the following:

1. Age
 2. Sex
3. Academic performance.
2. What is the level of awareness of the respondents towards the cyber bullying?
3. Is there significant difference between the students’ awareness of cyber bullying
towards their demographic profile?

V. HYPOTHESIS

Based on the problem posted above,0.05 level of significance was used to test the

hypothesis.

There is no significant difference of students’ awareness of cyber bullying towards

their demographic profile.

VI. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study of “Student awareness on the Cyberbullying’’ of grade 12 Agusan

National High School’’ may be significance and beneficial to the following:

1. Students - With the help of this study they will be aware of cyberbullying and might

prevent someone to cyber bully and avoid being a cyber bully.

2. Parents-With the use of this study, parents will be able to know that they should have

a sense of dedication and responsibility as mentor and model to their children. And

with this study, they will know how to handle their children who is struggling in

depression because of bullying.

VII. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study is focus on the students awareness of cyberbullying among grade 7

students this study will be conducted within Agusan Junior High School building, Cagayan
De Oro City, there will be 50 students that will be randomly selected with the help of their

advisers/teachers to answers the questioner, 10 random student will be selected in 1

section of the five sections of grade 7 student. We will ask permission to the teachers of

grade 7 to allow us to borrow time to do our study.

VIII. DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are conceptually and operationally defined.

Cyber bullying - Involves the use of information and communication technologies such

as e-mail, cell phone and pager text messages, instant messaging, defamatory personal

Web sites, and defamatory online personal polling Websites, to support deliberate,

repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group, that is intended to harm others.

Bully - a person who uses strength or power to harm or intimidate those who are weaker.

Social Media - websites and applications that enable users to create and share content

or to participate in social networking.

Bullying - is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate, or aggressively

dominate others.

Technology - is the collection of techniques, skills, methods, and processes used in the

production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific

investigation.

Anonymity- a situation in which a person is known by or spoken of by name

Demographic profiling - refers to particular characteristics of a population demographic

information provides data regarding research participants and is necessary for the
determination of whether the individuals in a particular study are a representative sample

of the target population for generalization purposes.

 CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

According to (Arsenault& Ponce, 2015), cyber bullying occurs when someone

harass, torments, threatens, or humiliates someone else through the use of technology –

including text message, social media sites, email, instant, message and websites. Like

face-to-face bullying, cyber bullying can manifest itself in several kinds of behaviors. The

following are some common examples of what cyber bullying looks like. Being the victim

of bullying is already a stressful experience, but when the internet is added to the

equation, it can be especially painful because of the reach that the bully has on the victim,

according to Arsenault.

According to Nicole M. Aune (2009), findings indicate that cyber bullying is

becoming more prevalent as students spend an increasing amount of time using

technology that keeps them connected to people at all hours of the day. There are many

different ways in which cyber bullies reach their victims, including instant messaging over

the internet, social networking websites, text messaging and phone calls to cell phones.

There are different forms of cyber bullying including, but not limited to, harassment,

impersonation, and cyber stalking. It has been found that there are differences between

not only the prevalence of cyber bullying between males and females but also ways which

males and females cyber bully.

According to the blog of Erick Manriquez, the victims and impact cyber bullying has

caused, how to prevent cyber bullying, and the laws in several states regarding cyber

bullying. Cyber bullying is very similar to traditional bullying. Cyber bullying involves more

emotional and psychological harm. Cyber bullying can also lead to violence, if the cyber
bully decides to physically attack their victim. Cyber bullying has a broader audience;

anyone in the world can see the hateful messages left by a bully. Cyber bullying can

involve social networking sites, text messages, websites, and emails. Humiliating

messages and videos can spread fast and cause more harm. There have been several

killings and suicides due to cyber bullying. The most effective method of prevention is

education and awareness of cyber bullying. Several states have different laws pertaining

to cyber bullying. President Obama and First Lady Michelle have made several press

releases on the issue. The author conducted a survey about the awareness of cyber

bullying. Several graphs and tables are provided for statistical analysis.

According to Janet of University of Manila, thousands of young people are targets

of bullying and cyber bullying every day, putting many at risk for outcomes such as

depression or school absenteeism. Working with kids to create ways to address these

issues is an important responsibility for adults. For example, adults can help those who

are targets of bullying explore ways to respond assertively, and they can help those who

carry out hurtful behaviors get support for addressing what’s underneath their actions.

Adults can also assist young people in identifying strategies to use as bystanders who

witness these behaviors.

According to Takumi, the survey also said three out of 10 children aged 7 to 12

were bullied through threats, two were oppressed through photo editing, one were

humiliated or had their private conversations exposed, and three were either excluded or

impersonated through fake accounts. In teenagers, photo editing had affected three out

of 10 students, while two out of 10 were either humiliated or threatened. One out of 10
also said they were bullied by having their secret conversations exposed, while two

suffered impersonation or had experienced exclusion.

In “Confronting cyber-bullying” (2009), Shariff overviews additional concerns

related to cyber bullying. These are anonymity, an infinite audience, prevalent sexual and

homophobic harassment, and permanence of expression. Anonymity refers to the 8

anonymous nature of cyberspace in which people are able to hide behind screen names

that protect their identity, which was mentioned earlier in this chapter. The online audience

is described as being infinite due to the large number of people that are able to see what

is written by the bully and the tendency of onlookers to support the perpetrators rather

than the victim.

According to a study conducted in 2008 by Melissa, females are as likely, if not

more likely, to be involved in cyber bullying in their lifetime. Although, when students were

asked about their recent experiences of being cyber bullies, males and females

responded equally. When asked about lifetime participation, females reported higher

rates of participating in cyber bullying, which leads one to believe females engage in these

activities for a longer period of time. Females tend to take pictures of victims without them

knowing and posting them online more than males did. Females also tend 12 to post

things online to make fun of someone more often, although males tend to send emails to

make them angry or to make fun of them.

Synthesis and Relevance to the Studies

In this review of related literature and study it tells that many students specifically

high school students are the victims of cyber bullying and that causes students to be
discourage and sometimes to commit suicide because of embarrassment. And also,

cyber bullying nowadays is totally increasing as the days passed by and that cyber

bullying needs dedicated attention from schools and parents. Students who are involved

in this kind of situation felt very unpleasant and uncomfortable because of cyber bullying.

And the one involves in committing cyber bullying or the cyber bully is punishable under

the Revised Penal Code and the Cybercrime Prevention Act.

 Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The researchers will use a mixed method quantitative and qualitative method and

also a descriptive method to evaluate the effects, prevention, and awareness of cyber

bullying. The qualitative method will describe on how the researcher occur by giving the

details. Where in the quantitative method, the researcher will describe the data

statistically by using the specific statistical tool.

Research Local

In this study we the researchers will use the random selection sampling. The

researchers randomly choose Grade7 students in Agusan Junior High School as their

respondents. In 5 classroom in Grade 7 the researchers will randomly distribute the

questionnaire’s to (10) ten students who experienced cyber bullying in Junior High School

department located at Zone 1 Sambulawan, Agusan Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines.

Research Instrumentation

In Gathering the data, the researchers will use a survey questionnaire and a follow

few questions. We the researchers will use the “Likert Scale Questionnaires” that will

measure the awareness of the students towards cyber bullying. Furthermore, focus group

discussion was used to determine the effect of consequences of being a cyber bully.
Data Gathering Procedure

We will ask for the permission of the school principal and class advisers to conduct

our survey and then we will distribute our questionnaires to the selected students among

the class with the help of their advisers. The survey was composed of 10 questions, which

were related to the participant’s perception regarding the effects, prevention and

awareness of cyber bullying. After we collect all the survey questionnaires from the

selected students, the data will be analyzed by the researchers to investigate the

students’ opinions about the effects, prevention and awareness of cyber bullying.

Statistical Tools
The obtained data are subjected to sample statistical treatment such as mean,

percentage, and standard deviation. F-test or ANOVA a will be used in determining the

awareness towards the cyber bullying. Qualitative description or the students’ awareness

of the cyberbullying.

Scales Description

3.26 - 4.00 Always

2.51 - 3.25 Often

1.76 - 2.50 Sometimes

1.00 - 1.75 Never

 CHAPTER 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Question 1. What is the Demographic profile of students in terms of the following:

a.) Age b.) Sex c.) Academic performance
Table1.1 Age
Age Frequency Percentage
11 -12 29 58%
13 – 14 19 38%
15 above 2 4%
Total 50 100%

This table shows that the most of the researcher’s respondents of this study ages

eleven-twelve (11-12) years old which has a frequency of 29 equivalent to 28%. The

majority of the respondents who taken the survey ages 11-12.

According to Peterson, J. S., & Ray, K. E. (2006) the majority of children do not

bully others and are not victimized by peers, at every age and grade some children and

youth experience bullying. The rates vary depending on the type of bullying, as well as

gender. Involvement in bullying and victimization tends to decrease with age.

Researchers across several countries have investigated age trends in bullying and

victimization and have come to similar conclusions.

 Table 1.2 Sex
Sex Frequency Percentage
Male 23 46%
Female 27 54%
Total 50 100%

Table 1.2 above shows that 46% with a frequency of 23 of the respondents are

Male while 54% with a frequency of 27 are Female. Therefore this implies that most of

the respondents are Female.

According to a study conducted in 2008 by Melissa, Females are as likely, if not

more likely, to be involved in cyber bullying in their lifetime. Although, when students were

asked about their recent experiences of being cyber bullies, males and females

responded equally. When asked about lifetime participation, females reported higher

rates of participating in cyber bullying, which leads one to believe females engage in these

activities for a longer period of time. Females tend to take pictures of victims without them

knowing and posting them online more than males did. Females also tend 12 to post

things online to make fun of someone more often, although males tend to send emails to

make them angry or to make fun of them.

 Table 1.3 Academic Performance

Grades Frequency Percentage

90 above 8 16%
85-89 26 52%
80-84 12 24%
75-79 4 8%
74 below 0 0%
Total 50 100%

Table 1.3 shows that 85-29 student grades has the most frequency with a 26 and

a percentage of 52. While the lowest is 75-74 with a frequency of 4 and a percentage of

8%. Therefore student who have taken the survey have most grades ranging in 85-29.

Cyber bullying is an online aggressive behaviour in the digital space. Bullying is a

form of peer aggression which can be as damaging as any form of conventional

aggression (Mickie, 2011). The problem investigated in this research concerns cyber

bullying that disturbs university students psychologically and emotionally. Bullying also

prevents students from achieving good grades. It seems that technologies are in some

ways creating more stress on our young in the form of cyber bullying rather than to help

them progress. Research findings have shown that young students who become victims

of cyber bullies suffer great stress (Elizabeth, 2010). Hence there is an urgent need to

understand the problems faced by the victims so that concrete and proactive measures

can be taken by university authorities, teachers and parents to address this global

problem.
Question 2. What is the level of awareness of the respondents towards the cyber bullying?

Table 2.1 Result of the Questionnaire

Questions Mean SD Description

Do you share private
internet conversations
1.5 0.9 NEVER
without the others
knowledge?
Do you post fake photos
1.8 0.9 NEVER
on the internet?
Do you make some funny
comments in online
1.9 0.8 NEVER
forums (such as
Facebook)?
Have you published online
an embarrassing photo 1.8 0.9 NEVER
without permission?
Have you steal email
access by reading 2.6 1 SOMETIMES
personal messages?
Have you excluded
someone in online forums
by blocking others 2.3 0.9 SOMETIMES
comments or removing
them?
Have you send
threatening or hurtful
comments through online
2.6 1.1 OFTEN
forums (Facebook,
Twitter, Instagram, &
others?
Do you know that
awareness of
cyberbullying can make 3.7 0.6 ALWAYS
students responsible in
doing online?
Do you know that
cyberbullying will cause
3.5 0.8 ALWAYS
significant emotional &
psychological distress?
Do you know that
cyberbullying can affect
3.7 0.7 ALWAYS
students’ academic
performance in school?

This table above shows that the mean that ranged up to 1.5 - 1.8 came up to a

description of NEVER this is the result of the findings we have analyzed this result tend

to answer the following questions like doing something bad online. Mean that has 2.6 –

2.3 have a description of SOMETIMES which answers the question of “Have you”. While
the result that has SD 1.1 have OFTEN. The result that the researcher got on the

questions like “Do you know” which guided us of the idea of how much they were aware

and answered us a ALWAYS means students are aware of the consequences.

According to a comScore study, commissioned by Social Shield, less than 9% of parents

know that their children are victims of cyberbullying, and that, overall, they are aware of only half

of the cyberbullying incidents occurring in the US.

While 36% of child’s admit they are bullying also other kids and they experience also

bullying which made them more aware of it. Parents can help their children to their friends list to

monitor their activity, that’s of little help when it comes to text messages, private online messages,

chat and closed forums, which also happens to be where a fair share of cyberbullying is

happening. 24% of cyberbullying occurs on cell phones, and 10% on chat applications.

Question 3. Is there significant difference between the students’ awareness of

cyberbullying towards their demographic profile?
Table 3.1 Respondents age towards their awareness in cyberbullying
Source DF SS MS F – value P – value
Factor 2 0.436 0.218 1.61 0.210
Error 47 6.349 0.135
Total 49 6.785

The table 3.1 shows that the p – value of 0.210 is greater than the level of

significant of 0.05 then the null hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there is no significant

difference on the respondents’ age towards their awareness in cyberbullying.

According to the previous researchers of student in Goldsmith College, University

of London. There are no significance differences related simply age and a significant

interaction between age and gender was found in relation to the effects of cyberbullying

which showed contrasting opinions between different age groups.

 Table 3.2 Respondents sex towards their awareness in cyberbullying
N Mean Sd T – value P – value
Male 23 2.22 0.35 -0.36 0.723
Female 27 2.26 0.39
Total 50

The table 3.2 shows that the mean of female respondents is greater than mean of

male of respondents with 0.04. It means that the understanding of the respondents

towards the awareness of cyberbullying is close to each other. Furthermore, the p –value

of 0.723 is greater than the level of significance of 0.05 then the null hypothesis is

accepted. Therefore, there is no significant difference of the respondents’ sex towards

their awareness in cyberbullying

Analysis into gender differences in cyberbullying took the results found in

traditional bullying as a starting point. In general terms, research has reported that boys

tend to get involved in direct forms of physical or verbal aggression than girls to a greater

extent (Griezel, Finger, Bodkin-Andrews, Craven & Yeung, 2012; Pereira, Mendonca,

Neto, Valente & Smith, 2004). Conversely, however, girls have been reported to use

indirect aggression to a greater extent, where the victim is excluded from the peer group

or his/her personal and social reputation is attacked (Björkqvist, Österman & Lagerspetz,

1994; Crick, Casas & Nelson, 2002; Owens, Shute & Slee, 2004). These results have

supported the idea that direct aggression is more prototypical of the male gender, while

indirect aggression is more prototypical of the female gender. Several factors have been

used to explain this division between more masculine or feminine forms of aggression,

including biological reasons (e.g. physically, girls have less strength), interpersonal

reasons, e.g., the social structure of groups of girls as these groups are smaller and more
intimate if compared with groups of boys, which would make indirect aggression a more

effective strategy. Finally, there are gender socialization factors, e.g., adults being less

tolerant about girls getting involved in physical aggression, which would mean them

having to adopt subtler and less visible forms (Kistner, Counts-Allan, Dunkel, Drew,

David-Ferdon, & Lopez, 2010).

Table 3.3 Respondents academic performance towards their awareness in

cyberbullying
Source DF SS MS F – value P – value
Factor 3 0.903 0.310 2.35 0.084
Error 46 5.882 0.128
Total 49 6.785

The table 3.3 shows that the p – value of 0.084 is greater than the level of

significance of 0.05 then the null hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, there is no

significant difference on the respondents’ academic performance towards their

awareness on the cyberbullying.

Bullying can have significant negative impact on self-esteem, resulting in stress

and depression. Bullying embodies recurring abusive behavior that can be emotional,

physical or verbal, with an intention to hurt others (APA 2011). Bullying through

electronic media is becoming a common place through the increasing virtual interactions

among teens. This is known as cyberbullying, defined as repetitive aggressive behavior

using technology through cell phones and the internet. The use of the internet is more

common during adolescence (Smith 2006; Vandebosch 2008; Lenhart 2001).

Cyberbullying involves the use of information and communication technologies such as

e-mail, cell phone and pager text messages, instant messaging, defamatory personal
websites, and defamatory online personal polling websites, to support deliberate,

repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group that is intended to harm others

(Neves & de Oliveira Pinheiro 2010, p.24). Research studies show that both traditional

and cyberbullying are becoming major issues facing the youth globally. Social media

and the internet have become major reasons behind suicidal behavior. With teen

suicide on the rise, an increase in acts of violence, and victims being identified, cyber

bullying has affected not only personal lives but also students’ academic performance

(Schneider & Coulter 2012; Luxton & Fairall 2012; Huang & Chou 2010)
 CHAPTER 5

Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

Summary

Cyber bullying can occur anytime and anywhere and most of the victims bullied

through social media. Social Media is one of the tool to communicate our love ones,

relatives and friends. But sometimes people used in negative way. Cyber bullying is

bullying that takes place over digital devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets.

Cyber bullying can occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online in social media,

forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share content. Cyber

bullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or mean content

about Someone else. It can include sharing personal or private information about

someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation.

Cyber bullying can take different forms, with the main forms ranging from flaming,

to harassment, to cyber stalking. The following list gives a formal definition for each form:

Flaming, Exclusion, Cyberstalking, Outing, Masquerading, Trolling, Catfishing,

Denigration Willard (2004aWillard, N. (2004a).

The dependent variable demonstrates the students’ awareness of the cyber

bullying while the independent variable demonstrates the demographic profile of the

students on their age, gender, and academic performance.

The purpose of this paper is to further understand and let us be aware of cyber

bullying which continues to occur more often as technology becomes more readily

accessible by everyone, especially students and to explore ways of preventing cyber

bullying before it happens..

Conclusion

Based on the findings above majority of our respondents aged range to 11-12 and

most of them are females whom taken the survey. As for the findings for the level of

awareness of students towards cyberbullying some of them answered OFTEN with the

questions like doing cyberbullying but mostly of them answered NEVER while on the

questions like are they aware of the consequences, most of them answered ALWAYS.

Therefore the students are more aware in cyberbullying

For the findings of the question “Is there significant difference between the
students’ awareness of cyber bullying towards their demographic profile?” we came up
for the result of NO there is no significant difference on age, sex, and academic
performance.

Recommendation

Based on the findings above students are surprisingly aware in online activities,

below are just some more tips to be more extra careful online.

1. If you're always active on social media and posts something, be careful of what

your posts are. It can be the cause of cyber bullying. The bully might take advantage of

what you have posted and make stories that not even true or the bully may say bad things

about your post which can hurt your feelings.

2. Whether you post or comment on someone's post, always remember to think first

before you click. Your comment might offend others by misinterpreting your words or they

may misunderstand your point and that may lead to an argument.

3. If somebody have an argument with you, don't say your opinion publicly because

others might join the argument and it'll just be huge without you both noticing. If you want
him/her to hear your point, you can talk or chat privately so that you both can focus on

your point of view, let each other take turns on your own explanations and be peaceful as

you go with your conversation.

4. If you happen to see a bullying incident on social media or if you experience it with

the use of your account, you can report it on their site or you can also block the bully's

account while you wait for the response of your report.

5. If you already experienced cyber bullying and been traumatized of the incident, it’ll

be wise if you try to not be on social media for awhile and go on a counselling session.

After that, you can be back again with your normal life which you can be active again on

social media and forget what happened. Just be careful and if another bully happens to

bully you, just ignore it. Focus on the positive side of social media and have more positive

outlook in your life.

Reference
 CHAPTER 5

Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation

Summary

Cyber bullying can occur anytime and anywhere and most of the victims bullied through

social media. Social Media is one of the tool to communicate our love ones, relatives and

friends. But sometimes people used in negative way. Cyber bullying is bullying that takes place

over digital

devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets. Cyber bullying can occur through SMS, Text,

and apps, or online in social media, forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or

share content. Cyber bullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or

mean content about Someone else. It can include sharing personal or private information about

someone else causing embarrassment or humiliation.

According to Willard (2004aWillard, N. (2004a). Cyber bullying can take different

forms, with the main forms ranging from flaming, to harassment, to cyber stalking. The

following list gives a formal definition for each form: Flaming, Exclusion, Cyberstalking,

Outing, Masquerading, Trolling, Catfishing, Denigration.

The dependent variable demonstrates the students’ awareness of the cyber

bullying while the independent variable demonstrates the demographic profile of the

students on their age, gender, and academic performance.

The purpose of this paper is to further understand and let us be aware of cyber

bullying which continues to occur more often as technology becomes more readily
accessible by everyone, especially students and to explore ways of preventing cyber

bullying before it happens.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, we concluded that students are more aware of what they

do online, females are more engage in indirect forms of aggression such as cyberbullying

while males are more interact with direct forms.

The demographic factor that has been examined in relation to cyber bullying

prevalence rates is gender. Gender differences in experiences with cyber bullying, either

as perpetrator or victim, are currently fervently debated. Males are typically thought to

engage in more direct forms of aggression, whereas females may prefer to engage in

more indirect forms of aggression (Kowalski et al., 2012b). Because cyber bullying has

been identified as a form of indirect aggression, the finding in several studies that females

are more likely than males to engage in cyber bullying behavior is relatively unremarkable

(Kowalski and Limber, 2007; Robers et al., 2010; Tokunaga, 2010).

Recommendation

Based on the findings above students are surprisingly aware in online activities,

below are just some more tips to be more extra careful online.

6. If you're always active on social media and posts something, be careful of what

your posts are. It can be the cause of cyber bullying. The bully might take advantage of

what you have posted and make stories that not even true or the bully may say bad things

about your post which can hurt your feelings.

7. Whether you post or comment on someone's post, always remember to think first

before you click. Your comment might offend others by misinterpreting your words or they

may misunderstand your point and that may lead to an argument.

8. If somebody have an argument with you, don't say your opinion publicly because

others might join the argument and it'll just be huge without you both noticing. If you want

him/her to hear your point, you can talk or chat privately so that you both can focus on

your point of view, let each other take turns on your own explanations and be peaceful as

you go with your conversation.

9. If you happen to see a bullying incident on social media or if you experience it with

the use of your account, you can report it on their site or you can also block the bully's

account while you wait for the response of your report.

10. If you already experienced cyber bullying and been traumatized of the incident, it’ll

be wise if you try to not be on social media for awhile and go on a counselling session.

After that, you can be back again with your normal life which you can be active again on

social media and forget what happened. Just be careful and if another bully happens to

bully you, just ignore it. Focus on the positive side of social media and have more positive

outlook in your life.

REFERENCES
 Department of Education
REGION X
Division of Cagayan De Oro City
District II
Agusan National High School
Agusan, Cagayan De Oro City

Student’s Awareness on Cyberbullying

A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of
Agusan National High School
Agusan Senior High School
Agusan, Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirement of Practical Research 2

By:

Francis S. Padero
Jhonro S. Tisbe
Roshelyn S. Yeri
Daniel Jabagat
John Dave V. Bolivar

October 2019

Department of Education
Region X
Division of Cagayan de Oro City
Agusan National High School
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Agusan, Cagayan de Oro City