APPLICATION

MANUAL
FIRE
ALARM
SYSTEMS
DESIGN

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Pleven
Bulgaria
47
San
Stefano
Str.
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Sofia
Bulgaria
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Paskalev
Str.,
Mladost
1,
tel./fax:
+359
2
9744469,
9743925
06/2009

e-mail:
office_sofia@unipos-bg.net
This
manual
is
worked
out
by
a
team
of
UniPOS
Ltd.
based
on
the
Technical
Specification
SD
CEN/TS
54-14:1996

and
Regulation
BS5839,
part
1:2002
CEN/TS
54-14:2006
For
additional
information

regarding
the
design
of
fire
alarm
systems
please
call
“Training
and
Consultations”

Department
in
UniPOS
Ltd.
at:
+359
2
974
44
69
Published
by
UniPOS
LTD
with
the
assistance
of
the
national
branch
association
“FIRE
AND
EMERGENCY
SAFETY”
CLASSIFICATION
OF
THE
FIRE
ALARM
SYSTEM

PROTECTION
LEVEL
IN
A
BUILDING
:
Class 1 Class 4
Class 1 Class 2
Class 2
Class 3
C
l
a
s
s
1:














F
u
l
l

p
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n:
installed
throughout
all
areas.
C
l
a
s
s
2:














S
e
c
t
i
o
n

p
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n:
installed
only
in
defined
areas.

C
l
a
s
s
3:














P
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n

o
f

t
h
e

e
s
c
a
p
e

r
o
u
t
e:
installed
on
the
escape
routes
and
the
premises
next
to

these
routes.
C
l
a
s
s
4:















L
o
c
a
l

p
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n:
covers
a
certain
facility
or
function
in
the
building
that
is

not
necessary
to
form
a
whole
fire
section.
C
l
a
s
s

5:















P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y

p
r
o
t
e
c
t
i
o
n:
covers

specific

apparatuses

or

equipment.

1
 65dB (A)
500Hz to 2000Hz

maximum 30 m.

+5dB (A)
500Hz to 2000Hz

The
minimum
sound
level
of
the
sounder
should
be
65
dB
A
person
must
not
pass
more
than
30
m
to
reach
a
manual
or
+5
dB(A)
above
the
background
noise
(if
the
latter
lasts

call
point.

more
than
30
seconds)
and
with
frequency
within
the


range
of
500Hz
and
2000Hz.

to 30 m.

1,2 to 1,6 m.

In
order
to
direct
those
responding
to
fire
alarm
signal,
The
manual
call
points
should
be
positioned
at1.2
to
1.6
m

then
all
buildings
need
to
be
divided
into
detection
zones.
from
the
floor
level.
2 The
search
distance
within
the
detection
zone
should
not
3
exceed
30
m.

 2m

75dB(A)

All
cabling
should
be
mechanically
protected
from
floor

level
up
to
a
height
of
2m.

All
metal
parts
of
the
system,
including
the
installation

tubes
and
the
cabling
installation
should
be
isolated
by
the

lightning
strikes
protection
system
at
the
site.
Not
less
than
75
dB(A)
at
the
bed-head
within
rooms
(all
doors

shut)
in
which
the
fire
alarm
system
is
intended
to
rouse
people

from
sleep.

FS4000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -20dB(A) -30dB(A)

Sounder
device
cabling
should
be
arranged
so
that
in

the
event
of
a
fault
at
least
one
sounder
will
remain

4 The
sounder
level
fades
with
20
dB(A)
through
normal

operational
during
a
fire
condition.
door
and
with
30
dB(A)
through
fire
door. 5
 7,5 m

Treat as a flat ceiling Ceiling with an apex.

OPTICAL SMOKE
FIRE DETECTOR

Top < 150 mm Top < 600 mm TOP > 150 mm TOP > 600 mm

2
10,6m х 10,6 m =112 m Heat FD Smoke FD Heat FD Smoke FD
5,3m 10,6m
When
mounted
on
a
flat
ceiling,
smoke
detectors
have
an
individual

Ceilings
with
top
height
smaller
than
150
mm
for
heat
detectors

coverage
of
a
7.5
m
radius.
These
circle
areas
should
be
overlapped or
smaller
than
600
mm
for
smoke
detectors
could
be
assumed
to

so
that
no
“blind
spots”
are
left.
Thus
the
individual
coverage be
flat

ceilings.

For
ceilings
with
higher
top,
the
fire
detectors

is
equal
to
a
square
with
dimensions

10.6
m
х
10.6
m
=
112
m2. should
be
installed
at
the
highest
point
of
the
ceiling.

Maximum
allowed
ceiling
height
for
installation
of
the
fire

5m





detector:
Ceiling height (m.)
до 4,5 4,5 - 6 6-8 8 - 11 11 - 25 над 25
HEAT Protected surface radius
FIRE DETECTOR Heat :

EN 54-5 :
Class 1 5 5 5 Nn Np Np

Class 2 5 5 Nn Np Np Np
Class 3 5 Nn Np Np Np Np
7,1m х 7,1 m =50,4 m2
Smoke :
3,6m 7,1m
Point EN 54-7 7,5 7,5 7,5 7,5 Nn Np
When
mounted
on
a
flat
ceiling,
heat
detectors
have
an
individual
Beam EN 54-12 7,5 7,5 7,5 7,5 7,5* Np
coverage
of
a
5.0
m
radius.
These
circle
areas
should
be
overlapped

so
that
no
“blind
spots”are
left.
Thus
the
individual
coverage
is
Np
-
not
appropriate
for
these
heights;
equal
to
a
square
with
dimensions
7.1
m
х
7.1
m
and
protected
Nn
-
normally
not
used
at
that
height
but
in
special
cases
it
might
be

surface
of
50.4
m2. used;
*
-
usually
it
is
necessary
a
second
row
of
fire
detectors
at
about

6 the
middle
of
the
ceiling
height; 7
 7,5 m 7,5 m 7,5 m <1m >1m

2m

15 m 15 m

Smoke Fire Detectors Ventilation / air conditioning system

In
corridors
less
than
2m.
wide
the
horizontal
spacing
of
Do
not
install
fire
detector
at
a
distance
less
than
1
m
from

detectors
may
be
increased,
the
areas
of
coverage
need
not
supplying
and
circulating
units.

overlap
as
in
the
case
of
a
room.
Any
corridor
over
2m
is
deemed

a
room
and
device
spacing
should
follow
the
standard
for
rooms.

premises height.
>5% from the
<300mm

Barrier
<500 mm <500 mm

5m 5m 5m

2m

Barrier
10 m 10 m

Heat Fire Detectors

Do
not
install
fire
detector
at
a
distance
less
than
500
mm
from

walls.

If
the
distance
between
the
solid
barrier
and
the
ceiling
is

smaller
than
300
mm,
then
assume
the
barrier
to
be
a
wall.


Barrier
with
height
greater
than
5%
from
the
premises'
9
8
height
is
assumed
to
be
a
wall.

 100 mm
Short Circuit Short Circuit
Isolator Isolator
Lighting fitting
1600 m2 1600 m2 <200 mm

Short Circuit Short Circuit Short Circuit

Isolator Isolator Isolator

1600 m2 1600 m2

The
short
circuit
isolators
must
limit
the
effect
of
a
single
Never
install
fire
detector
at
a
distance
smaller
than
two
times

fault
condition
in
the
line
to
fire
protected
area
of
the
height
of
the
lighting
fitting.
2000
m2
or
32
fire
detectors.

EOL
FS4000

>1m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

EOL

EOL

Use
fire-proof
cables
when
laying
the
fire
detector It
is
not
necessary
to
fire
protect
holes
with
height
smaller
installation
and
for
the
connection
of
the
mains
supply.
than
800
mm
unless
the
fire
risk
assessment
requires

10 automatic
fire
alarm
to
be
installed. 11
 Lift shaft Lift shaft

1,5 m

For
vertical
shafts
such
as
lifts
and
staircases,
fire
detector To
avoid
the
false
alarms
do
not
use
smoke
or
rate
of
rise
heat

should
be
installed
at
a
minimum
distance
of
1.5
m
from
detectors
in
holes
or
premises
with
boilers.
In
such
premises

the
shaft.
are

applicable
fixed
temperature
heat
detectors
with

an

alarm
threshold
at
90°C.

100
90
80 <4°C
Maximum temperature
70 <29°C

Temperature
60
50
Average environmental
40 temperature
30
20
10
Time

For
closed
ladder
cages
one
fire
detector
should
be
The
activation
temperature
of
the
fixed
temperature
heat

installed
at
each
main
landing. detector
should
exceed
with
more
than
29°C of
the
average

temperature
and
with
more
than
4°C
of
the
maximum

12 temperature
of
the
fire
protected
environment. 13
 >25 mm

Remote
Indicator
Thermistor

<150 mm

Heat Fire Detector

The
sensitive
element
of
the
heat
fire
detector The
standard
conventional
base
type
8000,
manufactured
by
(the
thermistor)
should
be
at
a
minimum
distance
of

UniPOS
should
be
cable
connected
as
shown
above.

25
mm
and
maximum
of
150
mm
from
the
ceiling.

>25 mm

<600 mm Remote
Indicator
Optical Chamber

Optical Smoke Fire Detector

The
sensitive
element
of
the
smoke
fire
detector The
standard
address
base,
type
7100,
manufactured
by
(the
photoelectric
optical
chamber)
should
be
at
a
minimum
UniPOS
should
be
cable
connected
as
shown
above.
Please

distance
of
25
mm
and

maximum
of
600
mm
from
the
ceiling.
consider
the
difference
in
the
Remote
Indicator
wiring
!
14 15
 1.
The
full
requirements
list,
not
described
in
the
“Application

manual
Fire
Alarm
Systems
Design”
refer
to
the
Technical

Specification
SD
CEN/TS
54-14:1996
and
Regulation
BS5839,

part
1:2002.

2.
For
specific
technical
solutions
in
the
designing
of
fire
alarm
systems,

Optical Smoke
with
UniPOS
manufactured
devices,
refer
to
the
manuals

Chamber and
the
presentations,
worked
out
by
the
UniPOS
experts.
components

The
photoelectric
optical
smoke
fire
detectors
have
an
easy

to
disassemble
optic
chamber.
UniPOS
recommends
the

optical
smoke
chamber
to
be
cleaned
at
least
once
per
year
in

16 order
to
provide
the
optimal
performance
of
the
fire
detector.