Magnetricity

http://www.electricitybook.com/magnetricity/ June 2006

Two people that I know of that studied magnetism more than anybody else are Edward Leedskalnin
of Coral Castle fame and Howard Johnson inventor of the Johnson motor and author of "The Secret
World of Magnets". Two of Johnson's related patents are patent # 4,151,431 "Permanent magnet
motor" and patent # 5,402,021 "Magnetic propulsion system". How to access the US Patent Database
for free is described in my book "Electricity - Make it, Don't Buy it". The book also contains a whole
chapter on Ed Leedskalnin and his writings. The subject of magnetism
is hard to write about because not a whole lot of people know what
magnetism is. And those that do think they know what magnetism is,
really don't. That's why we call them "theories of magnetism" and not
"laws of magnetism". And... the same goes for electricity and gravity as
well. I'll try to describe Ed and Howard's theories and let you decide
which one makes more sense to you...
Ed believed that there was no such thing as an electron and
electricity - just north pole magnets and south pole magnets. He
believed that they were actual particles that circulated from one pole to
the other in a twisting, vortex like path. The north pole magnets come
out of the south pole of the permanent magnet and travel to the north
pole, and the south pole magnets come out of the north pole and travel
to the south pole. They travel against one another in a twisting fashion.
Please excuse my crude drawing, but hopefully you can see Ed's theory
in this picture (to the right). Instead of electrons running through a wire
to make electricity, he believed that these magnet particles ran through
the wire. He also believed that
these magnetic particles are what
the universe is made of and what holds the universe together. He
also states in his writings that these magnetic particles flow easier
through certain types of metal than through air. I tend to agree
with Ed on this. If you think about it, everything has a magnetic
charge associated with it (conventional theories call it an electrical
charge). This magnetic charge and the associated attraction and
repulsion may very well be the gravity and the glue that holds the
universe and everything in it together.
Howard, on the other
hand, also believed that
there were two distinct magnetic particles. He also believed in
these two particles swirling around in what he called a "double
vortex". Where Ed used tiny "compasses" made of fishing wire
to study magnetic flux, Howard used a sophisticated Hall
Effect sensor and a computer to map his magnetic particles and
the field lines they created in 3D. Howard discovered that
instead of the flux lines running from North to South, they
actually ran from the north to the middle of the magnet and
also from the south to the
middle of the magnet as
shown in the illustration. He also discovered that these flux lines
were in a spiral path similar to Ed's conclusions. It's interesting to
note that Ed also noticed the "void" created near the middle of the
magnet. The only real difference I see between Ed's theory and
Howard's is that Ed's flux lines ran from north to south and south to
north and Howard's flux line ran from north to middle and south to
middle. Howard did note that there were a few flux lines that would
run from the north to the middle and then instead of swirling back to the north, it would go down to the
south (and of course the other way too).
It should not surprise you that there are similarities between Ed and Howard's theories because, after
all, they were studying the same thing. I encourage you to read more about Ed in my book "Electricity -
Make it, Don't Buy it" which you can get at www.electricitybook.com . I also encourage you to look
into the patents of Howard Johnson as mentioned above. Also... In the spring of 1980, Science and
Mechanics Magazine did a complete article on the Johnson Motor. There's a link in my book to a web
page where you can read the actual scanned in article.
Also... note below Howard's discovery of how there are alternating circular magnetic fields around a
current carrying wire as opposed to the conventional theory as we were taught with the "right hand
rule"...