Difference between Immigration and Emigration in Population Dynamics

There are many types of mobility carried out by residents in a country. Mobility is the movement of
people from one place to another. Mobility in modern times is a very common thing to do. One type of
mobility is migration. Migration is also of many types, one of which is emigration. Emigration is a
movement of people from one country to another. So that emigration is an outflow of population from
one country to another in a long period of time. People who carry out emigration activities are called
emigrants.

We already know about emigration, which is the activity of people leaving one country to live in another
country. If someone leaves, someone will enter. The opposite of emigration is immigration. Immigration
is the event of entry of other citizens into the country. The point is that if a foreign citizen comes to
Indonesia and lives in Indonesia then that person is called an immigrant. Immigrants are migrants who
live in the country so they are sometimes still called foreigners.

That is the meaning of immigration and emigration. Judging from its understanding, the difference
between the two is clearly seen in its activities, namely emigration is an outgoing activity while
immigration is an entry activity. Apart from its activities, there are other differences between the two.
On this occasion we will discuss the differences between immigration and emigration from several
perspectives.

The Difference Is Seen In Terms Of Objectives

Emigration and immigration are two opposing activities. Because they are opposite activities, these two
activities have different goals. The purpose of each fishing activity is, of course, subjective, namely for
the culprit. But this will not be a problem as we discuss some of the objectives of the two activities
above.

Immigration Purpose

Immigration is an activity in which foreign nationals enter Indonesia and will stay in Indonesia for a
certain period of time. some immigration is permanent but some are only temporary. If you see from
the understanding that has been stated above, it is clear that the purpose of this discussion is related to
the contradictions coming out of one country and entering into another country. So, it can be called the
destination of immigrants to immigrate the same as the destination of emigration that we already know
above. Because immigration is not a government program, approval can vary.

Destination of Emigration

When someone decides to live in another country, there must be something special or something
special so that someone can leave the country and live in another country. In general, some of the goals
owned by someone will leave their home country and settle abroad, among others, as follows:

1. Follow the family

One of the reasons why someone decides to stay abroad and leave his home country is because he was
invited by. Nowadays we find many Indonesians who are the descendants of native Indonesians with
foreign citizens. If so, there must be one place to live, one in Indonesia and one abroad. Well, if this child
will later live with family abroad, then that is fine.

2. Marriage

Not far from the first reason, one of the reasons why someone emigrates is because of marriage. Now it
is no longer a taboo for Indonesian citizens to marry foreign citizens. An increasingly open age makes
marriage requirements easier. Well, to start a place to live, husband or wife, someone takes the
reluctance to move citizenship.

3. Working

Working is one of the strong reasons and many people choose to transfer citizenship. Indeed, currently
working abroad produces more money than those who work at home, so many people prefer to work
abroad.

4. Set up a business

Apart from work, one of the reasons people live abroad is to set up a business. This is mostly done by
entrepreneurs who are not reluctant to take risks.

5. State duties

For someone who has devoted himself to the state or worked for the state (being in a government
environment) it is very important to obey whatever has been the state's decision, including work
placement. If the state wants someone stationed abroad then inevitably have to obey it. And this can be
one of the reasons for living abroad.

Those are some of the common goals shared by people who want to live abroad and leave the country.
The goals as above may not be owned by everyone, but there are some parties who have goals as
described above.

The Difference from the Cause

Emigration and immigration are activities carried out by humans not without any particular cause.
Basically the cause and also this goal are the same, it's just that the cause can be an external factor,
while the goal is a factor from within the actor and wants to be achieved. There are several reasons why
someone is carrying out emigration and immigration activities. Because emigration and immigration are
contradictory activities, the factors that cause it are also different. The various causes will be discussed
together below.

Causes of Immigration
Actually to elaborate on the causes of immigration is a little more difficult. This is because immigration is
the entry of people from other countries into a country. So that's why this is on the side of the people
who carried out the immigration. Meanwhile, if we look at the parties that carry out immigration, from
their point of view they emigrate. So that the cause of immigration is actually the same. But for more
details, we will detail the cause of this immigration.

1. Our country is more comfortable to live, both in terms of social culture and regulations

2. Has many interesting places and beautiful scenery

3. Finding work in our country is easier

4. More benefits are obtained in our country

5. There are business opportunities in our country

6. Marriage of a foreign national to our country's youth

7. Other factors such as the existence of duties of the government of another country to its people that
requires it to live in our country

8. The need for professionals in the country so that bring in experts from abroad

Those are some of the possible causes of immigration in a country. When viewed both do have the same
cause, it's just a different perspective. Activities like this have turned out to have a variety of impacts
within the country, and we will discuss these impacts.

Causes of Emigration

Emigration is the exit of a country's population to move to live in another country or abroad. Someone
emigrating is likely due to various causes both from within themselves and from outside themselves.
Some of the causes that allow someone to emigrate include the following:

1. Marriage

One important point that often encourages someone to emigrate is because of marriage. It's not new
anymore now that we find Indonesian citizens married to foreign citizens. Most are Indonesian citizens
married to foreign men. After marriage the wife will come along with her husband.

If the husband is a foreign national, then inevitably the wife will also come and live in a foreign country.
Well, that's when this emigration occurred. Emigration that has been carried out due to marriages has
been found in Indonesia. Even the emigration by reason of marriage on average always increases in
number every year, because more and more Indonesians are married to foreign nationals.

2. Economy
The reason that is strong enough to encourage someone to emigrate is due to economic factors (read:
the country with the best economy). Economics is a very sensitive thing because everyone wants a good
economy. As we know that Indonesia is a developing country where population growth is still high and is
not matched by job vacancies.

This then creates a lot of unemployment. Because of the difficulty of getting a job, there are many
people who come abroad, migrate and try their luck there. After getting a job and his life is considered
good, then the reluctant person will move and become a resident of the new country. This also happens
a lot in Indonesia (read: the deepest sea in Indonesia), especially those who work as traders or
household assistants.

3. Family

Family is also the cause of someone emigrating. For example is a child derived from an Indonesian
citizen with a foreign country. When infants reach children, the child lives in Indonesia. One time a
parent from Indonesia died and the other parent returned to his home country and the child also joined.
The child moved when he was a teenager, and at the same time moved citizenship. Well, this has been
called emigration. Examples of cases like this have also been found around us, especially those who are
divorced in their marriages.

4. A sense of security

Looking for a peaceful and secure life is everyone's goal. Therefore humans will always avoid feeling
insecure. Now looking for security can be one of the reasons someone emigrates. If someone in his own
country has a lot of enemies or too many problems he faces, some people tend to run away rather than
solve them. This has already happened significantly even by not a few people.

5. Work

Work is also one of the reasons why someone emigrates or moves abroad. Jobs out there may be more
lucrative with greater benefits and more challenging work as well. In Indonesia alone, there have been
many people who gave up positions in multinational companies in order to pursue a career in
prestigious companies abroad. By working in an international-class company, an employee's rating will
certainly rise rapidly and this is a dream for every model employee.

6. Service

One of the reasons why people live abroad is because of service or the government. Of course this
happens to people who work for the government. If the government orders someone to work abroad,
this is the reason he emigrates.

7. Social Culture
Social culture that is not in accordance with the wishes or not in accordance with one's personality may
be a cause of emigration. If the socio-cultural environment is not suitable then that too will not make it
comfortable, then from that this can be one of the reasons someone emigrates.

Those are some factors that enable someone to emigrate. Next are the factors that make immigration
possible.

Impact of Immigration

Immigration activities will also have an impact on the country visited. The impacts of immigration
include the following:

1. Increasing the workforce that is ready to work in the country

2. Increasing professional staff who are ready to work for the country

3. Increased influence from the progress or modernity of the times

4. Increased tax revenue for the country

5. The entry of culture from other countries that allows cultural acculturation

6. Entry of the characteristics of individualism, hedonism, and consumerism, especially from people who
come from developed countries.

7. The entry of the influence of drugs or other things that are bad which previously did not exist in the
country of origin.

8. Increase population density because the population of the country of origin will increase.

9. The entry of cultures that are not in accordance with the personality of the country of origin.

Those are some of the impacts that we might feel if immigration occurred at home. There are indeed
many impacts and they are both positive and negative.

Impact of Emigration

Emigration has an impact on the country, especially the abandoned country. Some impacts of
emigration include the following:

1. Population density decreases

2. Reduced labor supply

3. Reduced professional staff, if those who emigrate are highly educated people

Those are some of the impacts that might result from emigration. Conversely, immigration activities will
also have a direct and indirect impact.
Thus the explanation of the differences between immigration and emigration and the comparison
between the two. Indeed emigration and immigration are an activity of moving from one country to
another. What distinguishes the two is only the point of view, so that these two activities tend to be
similar both in terms of objectives and causes.