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Q1. Name the factors deterring departmentation. Also mention the bases of
departmentation and give examples.
Answer : Factor # 1. Work and Process:
Departments should be created on the basis of work performed in the organisation and the
processes involved in carrying out that work. If the work is simple, functional structure can be the
basis of departmentation. However, if the work involves a number of processes, process
departments is the suitable form of departmentation.
Factor # 2. Specialisation:
1. Harmony of Goals:
There is always a danger of conflicts of goals in the minds of the managers and workers because
the perceptions vary from man to man. Therefore, the most important objective of co-
ordination is to create harmony of objectives in the minds of the employees.
2. Total Accomplishment:
The other main objective of the co-ordination is to achieve total accomplishment rather than
individual effort. It has been proved beyond doubt that total accomplishment is always much
more than the sum of the individual efforts. Two plus two can be five or one + one can be eleven
when applied to human resources of an
Answer : Planning is the first primary function of management that precedes all other functions. The
planning function involves the decision of what to do and how it is to be done? So managers focus a lot
of their attention on planning and the planning process.
Planning Process
Answer : The Modern Organisation Theory is of recent origin having developed in sixties and flourished
in seventies. The source of inspiration for modern theory is the Systems Analysis. The modern theory
has an analytical base, it relies on empirical research and above all has, integrating nature. It is highly
constructive. The theory views the organisation as a system and studies it in its totality as a complex
system of human interrelationships. The theory gives answers of many complex questions ignored by
classical or neo-classical theorists.