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BY DIBYENDU DE
VIBRATION MONITORING
Degrees of Freedom?
Horizontal Vertical
Instrument
Axial
CONCEPT OF PHASE - 1
Displacement in Velocity in
Acceleration in
Microns or Mils mm/sec or
meter/sec^2 or ‘g’
1mil = 1/1000 inch inch/sec
Frequency in CPM
or Hz
Hz x 60 = CPM
Vibration
Medium
frequency
High
Spike Energy
Overall Signatures
Time wave form Envelope
Orbit Cepstrum
Patterns
Low Frequency
Long period (T)
High displacement
Average Velocity
Low Acceleration
Medium Frequency
Medium period (T)
Average displacement
Average Velocity
Average Acceleration
High Frequency
Short period (T)
Low displacement
Average Velocity
High Acceleration
VIBRATION
Displacement: Acceleration:
Sensitive to low Sensitive to high
frequencies. frequencies.
Good guide for imbalance, Good for rolling element
& other low frequency faults. bearing damage.
Velocity:
Has average sensitivity throughout the frequency range.
Reasonably sensitive to imbalance, misalignment, looseness and
rolling element bearing damage.
EXERCISE – CHOOSE APPROPRIATE PARAMETER
• Anti friction Bearings – velocity and acceleration
• Gears
• Journal Bearings
• Bush Bearings
• Pump casing
• VFD shaft
• Thrust bearing
• Pipes and fluid flows
EXERCISE – CHOOSE APPROPRIATE PARAMETER &
DIRECTION
• Motor
• Pump
• Cooling Tower Fan
• On steel and concrete structures
• Foundations
• Slow speed anti-friction bearing
• Vibrating Screen
• Steam Turbines
EXERCISE - FAILURE MODES – PARAMETER?
Pitting of anti-friction bearings
Wear out and/or clearances of journal bearings
Lubrication starvation
Unbalance, misalignment, looseness
Screw wear out and shear of extruders
Leakage of mechanical seals
Gear teeth sheared from root
Cavitation
Cracks in shafts
Cracks in structures
EXERCISE – THINK OVER THE QUESTIONS
• Which is the weakest bearing?
• Which direction is the weakest?
• What might be the failure modes? BEARING 6219 BEARING
& NU219
• What would be the parameters? NU219
BEARING
NU320
BEARING
6320