The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward

appearance, underlying genetic cause, and mode of inheritance (e.g., whether the
abnormal gene inherited is dominant, recessive, autosomal or X-linked).
[2] Ichthyosis comes from the Greek ἰχθύς, ichthys, literally "fish", since dry,
scaly skin is the defining feature of all forms of ichthyosis.

The severity of symptoms can vary enormously, from the mildest, most common, types
such as ichthyosis vulgaris, which may be mistaken for normal dry skin, up to life-
threatening conditions such as harlequin-type ichthyosis. Ichthyosis vulgaris
accounts for more than 95% of cases.

A physician often can diagnose ichthyosis by looking at the skin. A family history
is very useful. In some cases, a skin biopsy is done to help to confirm the
diagnosis. In some instances, genetic testing may be helpful in making a diagnosis.
Diabetes has not been definitively linked to acquired ichthyosis or ichthyosis
vulgaris; however, there are case reports associating new onset ichthyosis with
diabetes.

Ichthyosis has been found to be more common in Native American, Asian, Mongolian
groups. There is no way to prevent ichthyosis.

Ichthyosis is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous disease that can be

isolated and restricted to the skin manifestations or associated with
extracutaneous symptoms. One of which is limb reduction defect known as CHILD
syndrome; a rare inborn error of metabolism of cholesterol biosynthesis that is
usually restricted to one side of the body. A research done in Egypt proved that it
is not a child syndrome and discussed all the case report.