1. The resistance wire of an 800-W iron is 15 in long and has a diameter of D = 0.08 in.

Determine
the rate of heat generation in the wire per unit volume, in Btu/h·ft3, and the heat flux on the
outer surface of the wire, in Btu/h·ft2, as a result of this heat generation.

2. Consider an aluminium pan used to cook stew on top of an electric range. The bottom section
of the pan is L = 0.25 cm thick and has a diameter of D = 18 cm. The electric heating unit on
the range top consumes 900 W of power during cooking, and 90 percent of the heat generated
in the heating element is transferred to the pan. During steady operation, the temperature of
the inner surface of the pan is measured to be 108°C. Assuming temperature-dependent
thermal conductivity and one-dimensional heat transfer, express the mathematical
formulation (the differential equation and the boundary conditions) of this heat conduction
problem during steady operation. Do not solve.

3. Water flows through a pipe at an average temperature of T∞ =

90°C. The inner and outer radii of the pipe are r1 = 6 cm and r2
= 6.5 cm, respectively. The outer surface of the pipe is wrapped
with a thin electric heater that consumes 400 W per m length
of the pipe. The exposed surface of the heater is heavily
insulated so that the entire heat generated in the heater is
transferred to the pipe. Heat is transferred from the inner
surface of the pipe to the water by convection with a heat transfer coefficient of h = 85
W/m2·K. Assuming constant thermal conductivity and one-dimensional heat transfer, express
the mathematical formulation (the differential equation and the boundary conditions) of the
heat conduction in the pipe during steady operation. Do not solve.

4. A spherical metal ball of radius ro is heated in an oven to a

temperature of Ti throughout and is then taken out of the oven
and allowed to cool in ambient air at T∞ by convection and
radiation. The emissivity of the outer surface of the cylinder is e,
and the temperature of the surrounding surfaces is Tsurr. The
average convection heat transfer coefficient is estimated to be
h. Assuming variable thermal conductivity and transient one-
dimensional heat transfer, express the mathematical
formulation (the differential equation and the boundary and
initial conditions) of this heat conduction problem. Do not solve.

5. Consider the East wall of a house that has a thickness of L. The outer surface of the wall
exchanges heat by both convection and radiation. The interior of the house is maintained at
T∞1, while the ambient air temperature outside remains at T∞2. The sky, the ground, and the
surfaces of the surrounding structures at this location can be modeled as a surface at an
 effective temperature of Tsky for radiation exchange on the outer
surface. The radiation exchange between the inner surface of the
wall and the surfaces of the walls, floor, and ceiling it faces is
negligible. The convection heat transfer coefficients on the inner and
outer surfaces of the wall are h1 and h2,respectively. The thermal
conductivity of the wall material is k and the emissivity of the outer
surface is Ɛ2. Assuming the heat transfer through the wall to be
steady and one-dimensional, express the mathematical formulation
(the differential equation and the boundary and initial conditions) of
this heat conduction problem. Do not solve.

6. Consider a large plane wall of thickness L = 0.4 m, thermal conductivity k = 1.8 W/m·K, and
surface area A = 30 m2. The left side of the wall is maintained at a constant temperature of T1
= 90°C while the right side loses heat by convection to the surrounding air at T∞ = 25°C with a
heat transfer coefficient of h = 24 W/m2·K. Assuming constant thermal conductivity and no
heat generation in the wall, (a) express the differential equation and the boundary conditions
for steady one-dimensional heat conduction through the wall, (b) obtain a relation for the
variation of temperature in the wall by solving the differential equation, and (c) evaluate the
rate of heat transfer through the wall. Answer: (c) 7389 W

7. Consider the base plate of an 800-W household iron with a thickness of

L = 0.6 cm, base area of A = 160 cm2, and thermal conductivity of k = 60
W/m·K. The inner surface of the base plate is subjected to uniform heat
flux generated by the resistance heaters inside. When steady operating
conditions are reached, the outer surface temperature of the plate is
measured to be 112°C. Disregarding any heat loss through the upper
part of the iron, (a) express the differential equation and the boundary
conditions for steady one-dimensional heat conduction through the
plate, (b) obtain a relation for the variation of temperature in the base plate by solving the
differential equation, and (c) evaluate the inner surface temperature. Answer: (c) 117°C