Government Engineering College , Patan : Katpur 2019

AUDIO VIDEO SYSTEMS

(2151101)
Laboratory Manual
(AY 2019-20)

Department of Electronics and Communication

Engineering
Government Engineering College, Patan, At: Katpur

Submitted By:

Name of Student :
Enrollment No :
Division :

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Index
Pag e
Date Sign
S.N Topics No. Grade

01 To study public address system and its components.

02 To obtain the Directional Response of Loudspeaker.
03 To obtain the Directional response of micro phone.
04 To obtain the frequency response of loudspeaker.
05 To obtain the frequency response of Microphone.
06 To design and obtain frequency response of Cross- over network.
To perform digitization of sound signal and edit it using Computer
07
Software.
08 To perform fault identification in Colour TV.

09 To test color TV using pattern generator.

10 To perform analysis of Composite Video Signal.
To obtain frequency response of IF amplifier using VHF sweep
11 generator.
12 Fault finding in CD player (Three different faults).
13 To study installation of DTH System.
14 Draw and study drive mechanism layout of CD player.

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EXPERIMENT: 1
AIM: To study public address system and its components.

Components: PA system trainer, patch chords, MIC (Stand), Speaker, Microphone, Pen Drive
Procedure:

1. Study of the Inputs, Outputs & Control provided on the front panel

INPUTS:

There are 3 microphones inputs, each with its gain control knob , is provided on the front panel where a
microphone can be connected as audio input. Also +12V DC can be supplied from through a battery in
the absence of 230V AC supply.

OUTPUT:

Three outputs are provided are provided for connecting 3 different loudspeakers of 4ohms , 8 ohms and
16 ohms resistance. A three and half digit seven segment display is also given for displaying tuned
frequency of FM receiver in FM mode. A LED is given to indicate, if the USB mode is selected.

CONTROL:

Three knobs are provide for varying the strength of the 3 inputs of the microphone and2 knobs are
given for Bass and Treble control of the audio output. Also a 3 way selector switch is provided for
selection between MIC 3, USB and TAPE mode.

Four push button switches are given for:

➢ Selection between USB and FM mode.

➢ To play or pause the audio output.
➢ For playing the previous track in USB Mode or changing the frequency in FM mode.
➢ For playing the next track in the USB mode or changing the Frequency in FM mode.

2. Study the connections and operation of the loudspeakers system

The connections are as below:

➢ Three microphones inputs are amplified by 3 different amplifier sections viz. input amplifier
Pre-Amplifier and Driver Amplifier.
➢ Three outputs are provided for connecting 3 different loudspeakers of 4 ohms, 8 ohms and 16
ohms resistance. There are 4 slots for connecting 3 loudspeakers which are from left to right as ground,
4 ohms ,8 ohms and 16 ohms connections points.
➢ Also treble and bass controls are given for varying the characteristics of the audio output.

3. Connecting MIC 1

To perform the experiment procedure is as follows:

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➢ Connect the kit to the 230V AC supply . The switch indication glows.
➢ Connect the microphone input to the MIC 1 input provided on the panel.
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loudspeaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, whatever is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

4. Connecting MIC 2

To perform the experiment, the procedure is as follows;

➢ Connect the kit to 230 volts AC supply .The switch indication glows.
➢ Connect the microphone input to MIC 2 input provided on the panel.
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loudspeaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, whatever is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

5. Connecting MIC 3

To perform the experiment, the procedure is as follows

➢ Connect the kit to 230 volts AC supply .The switch indication glows.
➢ Connect the microphone input to MIC 3 input provided on the panel, and place the selector
switch in MIC 3position.
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loudspeaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, whatever is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

6. Connecting the external Tape

To perform the experiment, the procedure is as follows;

➢ Connect the kit to 230 volts AC supply . The switch indication glows.
➢ Connect the EXTERNAL TAPE input provided on the panel to the USB/TAPE/CD and place
the selector switch in position.
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loudspeaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, input is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

7. Connecting external USB

To perform the experiment, the procedure is as follows;

➢ Connect the kit to 230 volts AC supply .The switch indication glows.
➢ Connect the USB input provided on the panel to the USB output of the device and place the
selector switch in USB/TAPE/CD position. Also press the push button switch to the selected USB
mode and see that the LED indicator glows.
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loudspeaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, input is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

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8. Connecting the external CD

To perform the experiment, the procedure is as follows;

➢ Connect the kit to 230 volts AC supply .The switch indication glows.
➢ Connect the external CD input provided on the panel to the CD output of the CD player and
place the selector switch in USB/TAPE/CD position.
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loudspeaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, input is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

9. Connecting internal FM radio

To perform the experiment, the procedure is as follows;

➢ Connect the kit to 230 volts AC supply .The switch indication glows.
➢ Place the selector switch in USB/TAPE/CD position and press the push button switch to select
FM mode. Make sure that the USB LED is OFF
➢ Depending on the resistance of the loudspeaker, connect the loud speaker to the appropriate slot
provided on the panel.
➢ In this way, input is given through the mic is reproduced by the loudspeaker.

10. BASS and TREBLE Control

Bass control is used to vary the effect of low frequency audio signal. Treble control is used vary the
effect of high frequency audio signal. Its effect can be heard for any audio input.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Power Supply : 230V AC 50 Hz

Audio Power Supply : 30 Watts PMPO Maximum
Inputs : 3
Input 1- Mic 1
Input 2- Mic 2
Input 3- Mic 3/Tape/USB/CD(selectable)
Controls : a. Separate volume control for each input
b. Bass Control
c. Treble control
d. Select switch for MIC 3/Tape /USB/CD
e. Selection buttons for USB /FM and its funtions
f. Mains On/OFF
Connect (outputs) : a. Speakers 4 Ohms , 8 Ohms , 16 Ohms
b. Fuse
c. 12 V DC inbuilt supply

Indicators : LED for USB /FM On

Neon for Mains ON
Distortion : 5% TO 10%

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Accessories : a. Microphone- one

b. Column Speaker- One
( with 1 Speaker & 1 tweeter)
c. Instruction manual –One

The PA (Public Address) Amplifier Trainer contents:

1. PA (Public Address) Amplifier Trainer : 01 Nos.

2. Microphone : 01 Nos.
3. Column Speaker : 01 Nos.
(with 1 Speaker & 1 tweeter)
4. Detailed Instruction Manual : 01Nos .

Front Panel Layout of Public Address System

Conclusion:

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Faculty Sign: Date:

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EXPERIMENT NO. 2

AIM: To obtain the Directional Response of Loudspeaker.

➢ Components: Loudspeaker trainer kit, various speakers, microphone stand, speaker stand ,
CRO, a measure tape

➢ Procedure:

1. Connect the various apparatus as per diagram in figure 4.

a. Connect the speaker under test (Type A,B &C) to the output of the audio signal amplifier.
b. Connect the output of the microphone to its given socket on the amplifier.
c. Connect an oscilloscope across microphone output (special terminals provided).
2. Keep the speaker under test on the directional plate (near the amplifier) and microphone facing the
speaker at a distance.
1. Adjust the distance (d) to 50 cms between the speaker (course) and microphone under test as
shown in fig.4.
2. Keep the audio signal generation sine wave at 1KHz and keep the amplitude fixed at 1V peak to
peak. This signal is given to the input of the low noise amplifier.
3. Switch ON the low noise amplifier and audio signal generator giving proper supplies.
4. Adjust the gain of the audio signal amplifier to get a distortion free output from the speaker
under test.
5. Measure the output of the audio signal amplifier and keep it constant for all frequencies. Not it
as Vin.
6. Also measure the microphone output and record it as V out.
7. Keeping Vin constant vary the direction of the microphone from 0 to 360.
8. Note down Vout for each directional step.
9. Calculate gain in dB (as per formula in table).
10. A polar diagram (graph) is plotted.
11. Repeat steps 4 to 12 for different microphone provided (for test).

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Figure
➢ Observation Table:

Loudspeaker under test: (Type A or B or C or D):

Source: Sine wave Source amplitude = ______V p-p
Distance between loudspeaker under test & microphone = d =______cms.
A low noise amplifier output = input speaker under test = Vin = _____Vpp.
Frequency of source signal = 1 KHz.

Sr. Direction of Microphone output Gain = 20 log

No. Loudspeaker Vout(volts) vout/vin dB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

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FIG-IRECTIONAL RESPONSE (POLAR RESPONSE)

➢ Conclusion:

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EXPERIMENT NO. 3

AIM: To obtain the Directional Response of microphone.

➢ Components: microphone trainer kit, speakers, various microphones, microphone stand,

speaker stand, CRO, a measure tape

➢ Procedure:
1. Connect the various apparatus as per diagram.
a. Connect the speaker to the output of the variable audio frequency generator with amplifier
b. Keep the speaker on its stand
c. Connect the output of the microphone a (microphone under test) to its given socket on the panel.
d. Connect an oscilloscope across microphone output (special terminals provided)
e. Attach the microphone a (microphone under test) on it stand (in line the marking) & the stand
on the goniometer with the mark on the stand corresponding to the 0° on the goniometer
2. Keep the speaker with stand at the distance of 50cm from the center of the goniometer
3. Adjust the speaker & Microphone A (microphone under test) such that they face each other
4. Switch ON the trainer
5. Keep the Hi / Lo switch of the output of the variable audio frequency generator with amplifier
at lo & adjust the sine wave output at 1Khz & the gain of the low noise amplifier to get a distortion
free output from the speaker
6. Measure the output of the variable audio frequency generator with amplifier (which is the input
to speaker) and keep it constant for all frequencies. Note it as Vin
7. Also measure the microphone output and record it as V out
8. Keeping Vin constant vary the direction of the microphone from 0° to 360° in steps of 45°
9. Note down Vout for each directional step.
10. Calculate gain in dB (as per formula in table ).
11. A polar diagram (graph) is plotted.
12. Repeat the above steps for different microphones provided

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➢ CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :

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➢ Observation Table:

• Microphone under test : (Type A or B or C).

• Source : sine wave source amplitude =_____ Vp-p
• Distance between source & microphone under test = d =_____ cms.
• A low noise amplifier output = input to speaker (source)=Vin =____V p-p
• Frequency of source signal = 1KHz.

Sr. Direct ion of Microphone Microphone output Gain = 20 log

No. Vout (volts) Vout/Vin dB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

➢ Conclusion:

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EXPERIMENT NO. 4

AIM: To obtain the Frequency Response of Loudspeaker.

➢ Components: Loudspeaker trainer kit, speakers, various loudspeaker, microphone stand,

speaker stand , CRO, a measure tape

➢ Procedure:

1. Connect the various apparatus as per diagram in figure 3.

a. Connect the speaker under test (Type A,B,C&D) to the output of the audio signal amplifier.
b. Connect the output of the microphone to its given socket on the trainer.
c. Connect an oscilloscope across microphone output terminals provided.
2. Keep the speaker under test on the directional plate (near the amplifier) and microphone facing
the speaker at a distance.
3. Adjust the distance (d) to 50 cms between the speaker (source) and microphone under test as
shown in fig.3.
4. Keep the audio signal generation sine wave at 100Hz and keep the amplitude fixed at 1V peak
to peak.
5. Switch ON the trainer.
6. Adjust the gain of the audio signal amplifier to get a distortion free output from the speaker
under test.
7. Measure the output of the audio signal amplifier (which is the input to speaker) and keep it
constant for all frequencies. Not it as Vin.
8. Also measure the microphone output and record it as V out.
9. Keeping Vin constant, vary input frequency in steps from 20Hz to 40Hz.
10. Note down Vout at various input frequency.
11. Calculate gain in dB (as per formula in table).
12. Plot a graph on log paper of frequency on x-axis Vs gain in dB in y-axis.
13. Repeat steps 4 to 12 for different loudspeakers provided (for test).

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Figure

➢ Observation Table:
a. Frequency Response:
Loudspeaker under test : (Type A or B or C)
Distance between source & microphone under test = d = ______ cms.
Audio signal amplifier output = input to speaker (source) = Vin = ____V pp.
Direction of loudspeaker under test ________ (Loudspeaker under test & Microphone Both Facing
each other).

Sr. Microphone Gain = 20 log

No. Frequency (v0) output in volts V0/vin dB
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

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FIG: FREQUENCY RESPONSE CURVE

➢ Conclusion:

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EXPERIMENT NO:05

AIM: To Obtain the frequency response of microphone.

➢ Components: microphone trainer kit ,speakers , various microphones, microphone stand,

speaker stand , CRO, a measure tape

➢ Procedure:

1. Connect the various apparatus as per diagram.

a) Connect the Speaker to the output of the Variable Audio Frequency Generator with
amplifier.
b) Keep the speaker on its stand.
c) Connect the output of the microphone to its given socket on the panel.
d) Connect an oscilloscope across microphone output
e) Attach the microphone on its stand & the stand on the goniometer with the mark on the
stand corresponding to the 0o on the Goniometer.
2. Keep the speaker with stand at a distance of 50cm from the center of the Goniometer.
3. Adjust the speaker & microphone such that they face each other.
4. Switch ON the trainer
5. Keep the Hi/Lo switch of the output of Variable Audio Frequency Generator with Amplifier at
Lo & adjust the sine wave output at 1kHz & the gain of the low noise amplifier to get a distortion free
output from the speaker.
6. Measure the output of the Variable Audio Frequency Generator with amplifier and keep it
constant for all frequencies. Note it as Vin.
7. Also measure the microphone output and record it as Vout.
8. Keeping Vin constant vary the input frequency in steps of 500 hzupto 2Khz & then shift the
hi/lo switch to Hi & take readings upto 400kHz.
9. Note down Vout at various input frequency.
10. Calculate gain in dB.
11. Plot a Graph on log paper of frequency on X-axis versus gain in dB in Y-axis.
12. Repeat the above steps for different microphones provided.
13. Now Connect the microphone in the pre amplifier section.

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14. Measure the microphone amplified output and record it as Vout2.

15. Repeat the above procedure & observe the effect of amplifier .

Figure

➢ Observation Table:
Frequency Response:
1. Microphone under test (Type A or B or C)
2. Source: Source amplitude =Vp-p .
3. Distance between the source and microphone under test d =cms.
4. A low noise amplifier output = input to speaker Vin =Vpp.
5. Direction of Microphone under test 0o
Sr No. Frequency Microphone Otput in Gain = 20log v1/v2 dB
Volts

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FIG: FREQUENCY RESPONSE CURVE

➢ Conclusion:

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Faculty Sign: Date:

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