+JMJPN

San Felipe Neri Parochial School

PAASCU ACCREDITED LEVEL II
85 A.T. Reyes Street, Mandaluyong City

“A Relationship Study in Nutritional Level among Senior High School Students of

San Felipe Neri Parochial School on the Academic Performance in Mathematics:
Basis for an Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program”

Marcelino, Mark Anthony N.

Pineda, Kasheimyra Unisse A.

Santiago, Cheril Francesca T.

Taugan, Neshianne C.

S.Y 2019 - 2020

 Introduction

Education plays an important role on the development of a country. As the

proportion of educated workers increase, the economic growth of a country also
increases because more workers can handle tasks that require literacy and critical
thinking skills. Good academic performance of a student is required to pass universities
and/or colleges. Academic performance is the educational progress of a student. The
academic performance of a student is somewhat influenced by his nutrition. Nutrition is
the study of nutrients and food that humans take as they eat. It has a lot of importance
in relation to our growth, lifestyle, maintenance, and our body’s overall functionality. In
simpler definition, it plays a very big role on our health. Nutrition is important because of
the way it affects our mental development, behavior, physical health, and mood
alteration.

On a global view, brain can no longer be seen as an autonomous organ, instead,

it needs to be seen as being affected by nutrition (Growden & Wurtman, 1980). Human
brains must have the components and enough nutrients for it to function properly, that’s
why nutrition also plays a big role on the brain’s capacity to do things and develop the
skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, analytical thinking and time
management. According to some researches, studies have shown that proper nutrition
has a direct effect on student performance and behavior in school. Much of the literature
they reviewed confirmed that nutrition has a direct effect on neurotransmitters which are
important in sending messages from the body to the brain. Specific dietary components
were shown to have negative effects on this system, many of which are commonplace
in school-aged children’s daily eating (Winchell, 2009). Unfortunately, school breakfast
and lunch programs, in many cases, inhibit the body’s cognitive and energy potentials
by not providing proper nutrition.

In the Philippines, malnutrition is widespread across the country. There has been
a little progress in addressing malnutrition, and overnutrition has emerged as a serious
concern. This growing double burden hinders the country’s potential for social and
economic development. Despite overall economic process, the share of scrawny kids
has not reduced in fifteen years thanks to many factors together with economic
condition, natural and manmade disasters, low client demand for nutritious food,
agriculture policies focused predominantly on rice self-sufficiency, low prioritization from
government agencies to address nutrition, and limited commitment and capacity of local
government units to deliver nutrition interventions. Visible factors of lack of nutrients and
insufficiency in food among the families, especially to those who are in the brink of
poverty, are now being addressed by the Philippine Government, also, it recognizes that
addressing the malnutrition challenge requires broad cooperation and commitment from
several government agencies, other public sector entities and the private sector, notably
those across the food, health and social protection systems. The commitment to
improve nutrition must be taken seriously at national and local levels, and coordination
must be strengthened (Wardlow & Insel, 2006).

On a local perspective, specifically in San Felipe Neri Parochial School, a

learning institution that provides education for Kindergarten to Senior High School has
canteens and provides various kind of foods. In order for a school to be effective and
successful, it must have the following attributes: quality education, to be center of
excellence, provide efficient and effective services, adequate facilities in support of
curriculum and instruction, and not but not the least, promotes a healthy balanced diet.
Inside the campus, there are three (3) canteens. However, some of the products and
foods that are being sold in canteens are not healthy for the children or students, such
as foods that are high in sugar levels. The facilitators who are in charge of the canteen’s
inventory must have the knowledge of serving the best and healthiest food that they can
offer, not only to the students, but also for the personnel’s inside the campus.

This study entitled, “A Relationship Study in Nutritional Level among Senior High
School Students of San Felipe Neri Parochial School on the Academic Performance in
Mathematics: Basis for an Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program” aims to
determine the importance and influence of nutrition to the students’ academics,
specifically in Mathematics and provide a better nutrition and academic intervention
program for the Senior High School students.

Theoretical Framework

Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs classifies human needs from basic to

higher level. The five-tier model comprises physiological needs, safety needs,
belongingness and love need, esteem needs, and the need for self-actualization.
Maslow stated that human needs the biological requirements such as food, air, shelter
clothing, warmth, sex and sleep in order to survive. If these physiological needs are not
met, the human body cannot function accordingly. In the study of Abraham Maslow
(1943), this is considered as the most important needs that human must acquire. Safety
needs is the second level on the hierarchy of needs theory of Abraham Maslow. It
includes the security, order, stability, law and freedom from fear that a person should
have. If an individual does not feel safe in his environment, he will seek to find safety
before they attempt to meet any higher level of survival, but safety needs is not
important as physiological needs. After physiological and safety needs, the next level of
human needs involves the social and feelings of belongingness. Friendship, intimacy
and being part of a group motivate behavior. Maslow classified esteem needs into two
categories: (i) esteem for oneself (dignity, achievement, mastery, independence) and (ii)
the desire for reputation or respect from others (e.g., status, prestige). Self-
actualization needs are the final stage in the linear growth of an individual. It is the
desire “to become everything one is capable of becoming”. (Maslow, 1987)

To be able to further explain and understand a phenomenon, a certain theory

must be present to hold and support. The study entitled, “The Relationship Study in
Nutritional Level among Senior Highschool Students of San Felipe Neri Parochial
School on the Academic Performance in Mathematics: Basis for an Academic and
Nutritional Intervention Program” used the theory of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs. According to Woodhouse & Lamport (2012), Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
presents a framework for explaining a fundamental bond between nutrition and
academic performance. At the basic level, humans who have not met their basic
nutritional needs cannot achieve needs at the higher levels. If a certain student did not
intake the proper nutritional food, there is a chance that they will not be able to perform
well in their school.

In conclusion, improper intake of foods can affect the academic performance in

mathematics of the students. This statement is supported by the theory Hierarchy of
needs. According to Maslow’s hierarchy, the desire for an achievement will not force a
person’s thoughts and actions until needs on the lower levels have been filled. As an
outcome, the cognitive processes and behaviors associated with the higher levels on
the hierarchy cannot be attained; good academic performance cannot be expected from
students experiencing basic needs deprivation.

Conceptual Framework

This study entitled, “A Relationship Study in Nutritional Level among Senor

Highschool Students of San Felipe Neri Parochial School on the Academic Performance
in Mathematics: Basis for an Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program” seeks to
understand the importance of the following variables in relation to the objective of the
study.

The IPO as shown below discuss the following:

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 ECONOMIC
STATUS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
 AGE IN MATHEMATHICS
ACADEMIC AND
 SEX  CRITICAL THINKING NUTRITIONAL
 BMI (BODY MASS  PROBLEM SOLVING INTERVENTION
INDEX)  TIME MANAGEMENT
PROGRAM
 FOOD  ANALYTICAL
CONSUMPTION THINKING
ATTITUDE
 The conceptual framework above shows the Input, Process, and Output. The
input contains the economic status, sex, age, BMI (Body Mass Index), and food
consumption attitude. There variables will help the researchers utilize the profile of the
respondents in response to the variables given above. As for the process, it contains
the Independent Variable. With the information of the respondents’ profile gathered, the
researchers will now be able to determine if the respondents have the skills required to
excel on their academic performance in Mathematics. According to Growden and
Wurtman (1980), and Erickson (2016), human brains must have the components and
enough nutrients for it to function properly, that’s why nutrition plays a big role on the
brain’s capacity to do such things and develop these skills: such as critical thinking,
problem solving, time management and analytical thinking. Once all the information’s
and profiles are gathered, the researchers may now conduct a survey that should lead
them in making an Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program.

Statement of the Problem

The study entitled “A Relationship Study of Nutritional Level Among Senior High
School of San Felipe Neri Parochial School on the Academic Performance in
Mathematics: Basis for an Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program” seeks to
know and understand the influence of nutrition on the academic performance on
Mathematics of the students. This study will answer the following specific questions.

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Economic status

1.2 Sex
1.3 Age
1.4 BMI (Body Mass Index)
1.5 Food consumption attitude
2. What is the academic performance level among the respondents in terms of:

2.1 Learning speed/progress

2.2 Grade average quarterly
2.3 School/class ranking

3. Is there a significant difference on the respondents’ nutritional level and their

academic performance if tested among the variables/profiles of the respondents?

4. Is there a significant relationship on the respondents’ nutritional level and their

academic performance if tested among the variables/profiles of the respondents?

5. What proposal may be crafted from the results of the study?

Hypothesis

This section specifies the initial predicted outcome of the study whether it has no
significant difference or there is no significant relationship on the degree of influence
among the respondents’ profile if tested with nutritional level and academic
performance. The researchers made a pre-concluded thought of what is going to
happen at the end of the study.

 There is no significant difference on the degree of influence among the

respondents’ profile if tested with nutritional level and academic performance.

 There is no significant relationship on the degree of influence among the

respondents’ profile if tested with nutritional level and academic performance.

Assumption

This section specifies the realistic expectation of the research study and is
anchored on the assumption that there is a significant difference and significant
relationship on the degree of influence among the respondents’ profile if tested with
nutritional level and academic performance. This section also provides a basis to
develop theories and research instrument and therefore, influence the development of
research process.

 There is a significant difference on the degree of influence among the

respondents’ profile if tested with nutritional level and academic performance.

 There is a significant relationship on the degree of influence among the

respondents’ profile if tested with nutritional level and academic performance.

Scope & Delimitation

A Study “A Relationship Study in Nutritional Level among Senor Highschool

Students of San Felipe Neri Parochial School on the Academic Performance in
Mathematics: Basis for an Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program” aims to know
and understand the relationship of nutrition on the academic performance of the
students. Specifically, the researchers will elicit the participation of Senior High School
Students of San Felipe Neri Parochial School. The data gathering will be conducted
from August to January.

(Under Construction)

Significance of the Study

Academic performance is how a student perform or participate on different

activities on his school. While nutrition on the other hand, is consuming proper food to
acquire good health and growth. In this study, these two variables are somehow
connected with each other. In order to perform well academically, proper intake of food
for the nutrition of the students is required. This study will benefit the following:

Students. This study will be very beneficial to the students among Senior High
School because the study discusses about the appropriate and healthy diet that a
student must have in order to excel best in academics and make their brain function
properly.

Parents. Since they are the one who provides us the food that we eat in our
everyday lives, they should also be informed about the nutrients that their children’s
body needs. Parents play the most important role one in ensuring that their family
follows a balanced diet.

Canteen personnel. Since the scope of this study revolves around the academic
performance and nutrition of the students, canteen still plays an important educational
and modeling role for a healthy eating habit.

Future researchers. The ideas presented may be used as reference data in

conducting new researches or in testing the validity of other related findings.

Definition of Terms

Academic performance. The term was defined by Marcelino (2019) as the

educational progress of a student in school as earned through grades. In this study, the
academic performance of the student is one of the variables needed to be determined.

Body mass index (BMI). The term was defined by Santiago (2019) as the
weight-to-height ratio, calculated by dividing one's weight in kilograms by the square of
one's height in meters and used as an indicator of obesity and underweight. In this
study, the body mass index is one of the independent variables to be used in
determining the relation of nutrition and the academic performance of a student.

Diet. The term was defined by Taugan (2019) as the particular selection of food,
especially as designed or prescribed to improve a person's physical and mental
condition or to prevent or treat a disease. In this study, the researchers will suggest a
diet plan for better academic performance.

Economic status. The term was defined by Pineda (2019) as the total measure
of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family's economic position. In
this study, the body mass index is one of the independent variables to be used in
determining the relation of nutrition and the academic performance of a student.

Food consumption attitude. The term was defined by Santiago (2019) as the
approach of a person in terms of their eating habits and consumption of food. In this
study, the researchers will determine the respondent’s food consumption attitude to
know their eating habits and how much food they eat in a day.

Intervention program. The term was defined by Pineda (2019) as the system or
organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to
status or authority. In this study, the researchers will use an intervention program as
their action to help and give an advice and proper diet plan for the betterment of their
academic performance.

Malnutrition. The term was defined by Marcelino (2019) as the condition that
results from nutrient deficiency or overconsumption. In this study, the researchers will
determine if a student is malnourished or not, and will relate it to their performance in
school.

Mental development. The term was defined by Taugan (2019) as the

progressive changes and improvements during mental maturation; aspect of growth,
embracing the various mental abilities. In this study, the mental development of a
student will be measured by their academic performance.
 Nutritional level. The term was defined by Taugan (2019) as the condition of the
body in those respects influenced by the food being consumed by a person. In this
study, the nutritional level of a student will be determined by knowing the kind of food
they eat.

Nutrition. The term was defined by Santiago (2019) as the process of providing
or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. In this study, the nutrition of a
student will be determined by knowing how much food the students consume every day.
 Chapter II

Review of the Related Literature

THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION TOWARDS THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

THE STUDENTS

Food is the basic necessity for all living things. It provides energy and any other
substances such as protein, vitamins and carbohydrates, which responsible for proper
functioning of internal and external organs. Humans require good and proper nutrients
in order to function well and meet its full potentiality. It may be possible for a person not
to eat for 8-21 days as long as there is an intake of water (Kriminologie, 2009).
However, if a person acquired less nutrients than what his body needs, it will work
differently and may lead to various diseases like cognitive impairment. Thus, if the
person takes good nutrients then it possesses a good health.

In the study of Nordqvist (2017), he defined nutrition as nutrients in food that

works and process in a human body and the relationship between diet, health and
disease. However on the global term, it is the food consumption of a person, considered
the dietary requirements (World Health Organization). Proper nutrition must be
prioritized. When a person has a right diet, it would help him to reach or maintain the
healthy lifestyle which will provide a well-maintained height and weight. There is also
the possibility to reduce the diseases that a person could get.

Most of the Filipino families, living in the low level of society or usually called in
the “poverty line”, are prioritizing the right nutrition because they cannot afford sufficient
and healthy foods to eat because of mostly of these foods are taking up more cost than
what they usually buying. Not eating a balanced diet may result on malnutrition or
lacking of nutrients in the body. This gradually destroys not just their personal
productivities but also the economic productivity (International Food Policy Research
Institute). Having decent and stable diet every day is associated with a good health. It
will help a person to have a good behavior attitude when it comes to motivation, thinking
and focus (Hillmand & Burkhalter, 2011).

According to Burkhalter and Hillman (2011), nutrition has the capacity to

influence noth the health of the brain and its function. Supplying it the proper nutrients
makes the mental ability and academic performance of students improved. This process
begins when on the origination of a person, started from being carried on the womb of
its mother and even on breastfeeding. Breastfeeding allows to improve the cognitive
development of a child. Oxford University and Institute of for Social and Economic
Research, Essex University conducted a study about knowing the difference of babies
whose mother exclusively fed them through breastfeeding for at least 3 months, those
who fed for a formulated milk one and those who fed the combination of the two. The
research study resulted that those babies fed through breastfeed for three months had
extra growth and development of brain, cognition and emotional function (Deoni, 2011).

There is a saying “You are what you eat”, originated from Anthelme Brillat-
Savarin, meaning that the food you intake describes you and it can change the way of
your thinking. On academic performance, intellectual abilities are highly important.
Critical thinking skill helps the students on different academic areas as well as on their
personal and future professional lives. According to Halpern (1998), it is goal-directed
process of conceptualizing and synthesizing information. Simpson and Weiner (1989)
defined academic performance as the measurable behaviour of the students. This is
attainable from the quarterly examinations, recitations and performance task given by a
teacher.

On the studies conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health (2001)

pointed out that the frontal lobe of the brain works designated for the reasoning skills
that could make a person thinks critically (Mendelman, 2007). Wolf and Burkman stated
that proper nutrition makes the brain performed on its highest form. It will also help the
person, specifically the student, on enhancing the ability to learn. It just need a right
amount of amino acid and choline that come by the human blood. These are essential
for the brain to function normally. The two molecules will let the brain make use of
chemical messengers which called neurotransmitter (Growden & Wurtman, 1980). This
happens when an axon sends an information and the dendrites will receive it out.

Moreover, synapses that from the links between axons and dendrites fires up to
200 times per second when cognition process is on-going (Kagan, 2009).

Kretsch (2001) stated that nutrition is affecting the mental ability of human being.
Different dietary components are related to academic achievement of students like iron,
zinc, Omega-3, etc (Burrows, et.al 2017). A mental function test was made and it
resulted that zinc played an important role on the performance of brain especially on
memorization. They discovered that after three weeks of taking food rich with zinc, your
ability to remember will slower (Kretsch, 2001). Moreover, according to Gomez-Pinilla,
food that has rich on omega-3 fatty acids such as kiwi fruit, walnuts and salmon has
benefits in improving your memory and learning. Students who have consumed a higher
level of this, carry out a better reading skills and spelling. Brain must acquire the regular
amount of this in order to function optimally.

Government program was conducted to know if there is really a relationship

between academic performance and lacking of healthy foods consumption. Public
schools in Boston utilized a free food for breakfast and measured the academic
performance of the students before and after six months of the program. Kleinman et.al
(2013) reviewed that after the program there is an improvement of the mental abilities of
the students. This also resulted to the decrease of their absenteeism.

According to Wolf and Burkman (2000), it does not need to buy expensive
supplementary needs for us to be reach and have the right amount of nutrients we
need. By just knowing the importance of the basic food pyramid which includes of
nutritional requirements and foundation of students' diet. This contains foods that have
protein, fats carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, help you to have different choices of
healthy foods. Having decent and stable diet every day is associated with a good
health. It will help a person to have a good behavior attitude when it comes to
motivation, thinking and focus (Hillmand & Burkhalter, 2011).
 On the other hand, students who have eaten excess food containing high amount
of fats and sugar have poor brain function (Hillman & Burkhalter, 2011). Additionally, on
the research study of Campos, they conducted an examination participated by 65 obese
teenagers, living on the same community. They found out that these participants have
worse intellectual other than to those who has healthy and maintain weight. From the
Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, having greater or equal to 11,000 students in US
who partake the examination, considering their weight and test scores in Mathematics.
They determine that overweight students had lower results compared to those who
have normal weight (Datar et. Al, 2004). Similarly and mounting to Datar et. al study,
Judge and Jahns (2007) stated that overweight students take up a poor academic
performance. Furthermore, Li et al. (2008) observed that overweight students consider
themselves a worse student causing them to have a negative performance. Failure on
the regulation of their movements and manual dexterity, coordination of their hands and
fingers to do something was found.

Macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies are causing the poor functionality of

brain. Good nutritional status has positive effect on academic performance of children.
In the study underweight and low growth of a child are factors that affects the academic
performance. This result of the study conducted on Sri Lanka and Uganda, children with
a high score in low weight for height and low height for age acquire delay of brain
development (Asmare et. al, 2018).

Fulkerson, Kubik and Lytle (2004) pointed out that students have unbalanced
food eating practices prone to serious health risks such obesity and diabetes. Youth
Risk Behavior Surveillance System's study showed that number of children and
adolescent are not eating the proper food intake they need to on an everyday basis.
Fruits and vegetables are 76.1% and not consuming milk which is source of calcium are
82%.A study on Bulletin World Health Organization (2016) pointed out that Chilean
students who belongs the group of having unhealthy diet at the teenage years,
specifically on the age of 16, were have negative performance academically. This study
was considered their Body Mass Index, social economic status and age.
 BMI: INDICATOR OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S NUTRITIONAL STATUS

Humans are classified by their weight class. To determine an individual’s

classification, he needs to determine his Body Mass Index or BMI. Frank Nutall (2015)
defined body mass index as the anthropometric measurement of height/ weight in an
individual and categorizing them into groups. Body mass index was defined by World
Health Organization (WHO) as a simple indicator of weight-for-height that commonly
used to identify and classify a person’s nutritional status.

In different schools, Physical health or PE subject requires the students to

undergo physical fitness test. Physical fitness test is a normalized test that presents a
data about your overall physical fitness. In this test, you need to know your height and
weight in order for you to know your classification.

There is a corresponding formula to get the body mass index (BMI). Lambert
Adolphe Jacques Quetelet derived a simple mathematical equation to determine the
body mass index. The formula is weight in kilograms is divided by the square of height
expressed in meters; weight (kg) / height (m)2. BMI is a tool that can determine whether
an individual is experiencing a weight deficiency, healthy weight or an excess weight.
After computing for the BMI, the person needs to look for the corresponding
classification. There are 4 classifications in body mass index: underweight, normal,
overweight and obese. If the computed BMI is less than 18.5, it will fall to underweight
class. If the computed BMI is 18.5 to 25.0, it will be under normal. If the computed BMI
ranges from 25.0 to 29.9, it is classified as overweight. If the computed BMI ranges from
30.0 above, it is classified as obese.

According to S. F. Kirk (2009), BMI or body mass index is an indicator used to

determine if a person is healthy or not. Possessing too much weight can lead to
different health conditions like high blood, diabetes and heart problems. While
possessing too low body weight, can increase the possibility of malnutrition, anemia and
osteoporosis. But consulting on a doctor as soon as possible for some suitable
recommendations may help you to ease your condition.
 Each human does different kinds of activities in their daily lives. Students going
to school early in the morning till late afternoon doing school activities in variety of
subjects’ whole day and Workers who also wake up early in the morning or late at night
doing different types of works depends on their specialty. In order to do these activities
properly, our body is required to be healthy and be physically fit all the time.

Nutrition can greatly affect the growth and health of brain function and formation.
Providing the appropriate components for the brain to generate and sustain connections
is critical for enhanced cognition. Body mass index is somehow correlated with
academic performance of a student. If a certain student has a weight deficiency or an
excess weight it may affect on how they perform in his school academically that leads to
getting a failed grade.

According to Burkhalter and Hillman (2011), several of people have

demonstrated that over consumption of energy, is dysfunction for brain health and
function. The connection between an extra body fat and decrease in cognitive
performance has also been examined. Obesity or being overweight has been signified
as a factor in poor academic performance for elementary and high school-aged
students. Obesity has been a major focus of health research for a long period of time,
considering its status as a risk factor for physical operating, unhealthy state of mind,
and mortality and its increasing generality in every stage of the life course. Too much
intake of foods can lead you to overweight and obesity that might affect on how you can
do well in your academics. Moderately intake of proper foods and having self-control on
the foods that are unhealthy is the key in leading to a healthy lifestyle and a good
academic performance.

Datar et al. (2004) analyzed the relationship between test score in mathematics
and the weight. The result is that the overweight ones got lower scores than those of
normal weights. Different authors concluded that having an overweight is not just merely
related to having a low-test score, but it can be an attribute to lower academic
performance. Individuals who are overweight is more prone in different illnesses that’s
why the students who are overweight are lacked of focus on their study and cannot
follow accordingly in different activities.
 According to Judge and Jahns (2007), they found out the relationship of
overweight to deficiency in academic performance in mathematics was improved by
demographic factors. Demographic factors are the attributes of a certain population
such as sex, age, education religion, marital status and occupation. These demographic
factors can affect the relationship of BMI and the academic performance.

Cournot et al. (2006) also engaged a potential design over a 5-year period to
evaluate the relationship of BMI to cognitive function and decrease in healthy 32- to 62-
y-old men and women in workers. Beside BMI, cognitive tests of attention, learning, and
memory were supervised and the outcome specified that higher BMI was connected
with lower cognitive performance after adjusting for demographic factors. Childhood
obesity might in fact have an important impact on engagement and succeeding
academic success. In school settings, students with obesity experience lower
confidence for school success. They tend to be conscious on how they look physically.
Get shy easily and cannot perform and respond accordingly to their classmates and
teachers.

In order for the brain to function properly we need to consume rich in nutrients
food and right food amount. According to Burkhalter and Hillman (2011), excessive
intake of energy can destroy the brains proper function that causes low cognitive
performance and it shows that there is a significant relationship between nutritional level
and academic performance as per the objective of our study. Remember that any
excessive things are no good for everybody. There must always be a control onto
something so that there will be no bad effects to our body. We must at least base or
follow the food pyramid that contains the optimal number of servings that to be eaten
every day so that you can achieve the right classification in BMI because the key in
successful academic performance is that you have a normal classification and a healthy
lifestyle. According

Datar et al. (2004) conducted an analyzation in students’ test scores and their
weight and the result is, the most possible one to get a low score in a test in
mathematics is the one who possesses an overweight. Again, in this study it shows that
there is a significant relationship between our input and our process. In the study, they
stated that it is not just low score in the test that an overweight student can get. They
can also get a lower academic performance.

According to Judge and Jahns (2007), that there is a connection between a

person’s BMI and their academic performance and it is affected by a demographic
factor. In this study, it shows that there is a significant relationship and a significant
difference in our variables because there might be a difference between the age and
sex of the different respondents which are the students.

Cournot et al. (2006) created a design to evaluate the BMI and the cognitive
function of men and women workers and the result is there is a relationship between
BMI and cognitive function with a significant difference in demographic factors.
Childhood obesity is associated with a higher chance of premature death and disability
in adulthood, according to the World Health Organization. Studies that evaluated the
impact of diet on education identified that students with insufficient nutrition perform
poorly in the classroom. Contributing factors to poor nutrition are various and
consumption of fast food is one of them. Students who consumed above the average
amount of fast food show a significant association with lower test scores in math and
reading. Although children who are overweight achieved poor result on math and
reading tests when compared with their normal-weight peers.

Our study’s strengths include the evaluation of the factors that may affect
academic performance and changes in BMI, which includes socioeconomic status, diet
habits, sleeping habits, and physical activity. Larger studies with a multicity approach
and including rural areas are needed. Additional information should include school-
based reference for students about the type of food sold at school, data regarding
absent days of students with intervention approach. These data are needed to establish
the causality and the associations, and to evaluate the weight for each of the possible
risk factors that may have had a correlation if we had a larger sample size.

In conclusion, obese students perform worse than normal-weight students.

Students who achieved excellence in the overall grade are more likely to attend private
school live with well-educated parents, getting optimal sleep hours per nights, and they
seldom eat outside the home.
MATHEMATICS PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENTS AROUND THE WORLD AND
IN THE PHILIPPINES

Mathematics is an essential part of our daily life. From counting 1 – 10, to

calculating the movements of big celestial bodies in outer space. Mathematics has been
around since 3, 500 BC where the first known use of mathematical counting system is
by tallying or putting lines on a bone or a wall. Today, Mathematics is being greatly
utilized by everyone around the world. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary,

“Mathematics is the science of numbers and their operations,

interrelations, combinations, generalizations, and abstractions and of
space configurations and their structure, measurement, transformations,
and generalizations.”

As per with the other definitions, Elaine Horn (2013) defined Mathematics as the
science that deal with quantity, shape and arrangements of things around us.
Mathematics plays a very important role in managing an individual’s private, social, and
civil life (Anthony & Walshaw, 2009).

Mathematics is important in our daily life because it can be used to solve from
simple to complex problems of ourselves and the society. To have a better
comprehension and understanding of Mathematics and how it works, schools around
the world include it in their curriculum. However, not every student likes mathematics. In
fact, many students hate it because they say it is so hard. Many students find
mathematics hard which results in being disaffected, not engaging and participating in
their mathematics class, and having low scores on their examinations. There is a history
of the struggles of students in mathematics which made them think if they could ever
apply all that mathematical information in reality. Most math major students often
respond that it is necessary in enhancing our critical thinking skill, which is not wrong at
all.

OECD (2019) defined mathematics performance as the literacy of students in

mathematics to formulate, employ and interpret it in different context to describe the role
of mathematics in the world. Mathematics achievement is the capability and
competency of a student as acquired knowledge, understanding and skills are
developed in mathematics subject (Pandey, 2017) In this study, the researchers defined
mathematics performance as the grade average, scores on examinations in their math
classes.

According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Develoment or

OECD (2019), tallying the average math average of student around the world that are
15 years old, boys have higher performance in their math classes than girls.
Grootenboer (2003) assumed that positive attitudes, beliefs and feelings towards
mathematics will increase the mathematical achievement of a student. This assumption
may be correct however, it still needs further investigation. Bouchey and Harter (2005)
stated in their study that the mathematical confidence of the students can predict their
success in mathematics. As eloquently stated by Antonnen (1969), there is a correlation
between the attitude in mathematics and mathematical achievement.

Programme for International Students Assessment or PISA is an international

program that records the scores of 15-year old students from developed and developing
country in reading, math and science through an assessment. United States got the
38th place out of 71 countries that was included in the program in the latest Programme
for International Students Assessment or PISA results which was DeSilver (2017)
described as unimpressive because of the fact that 37 countries have higher scores
than the US which is more than half of the total countries that were included in the latest
PISA results. DeSilver (2017) also stated that United States is below the average score
of the PISA results which indicates a lag in the mathematics achievement of the
country. Several countries that can be found in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia have
significantly higher scores than US. Singapore leads all three courses – mathematics,
reading and science - which shows that students from Singapore have a great
performance level in mathematics. Singapore is known to have superiority in math
education around the world. Singapore has a national program called Singapore math
which uses a method to where students can learn math easier. Professor of Nanyang
Technological University, Ang Peng Hwa (2015) explained that,
 “The method is so different from what I learned in school that
teachers tell parents NOT to teach the students. It is a method used in top
schools in the US…”

Maslog (2015) highlighted that a country’s culture can affect its education
system. This assumption may be right but needs further investigation to be proven.
Maslog (2015) also stated that Asian students in the schools of United States top their
math and science classes. This event has set off a debate in the United States
investigating what is wrong with their basic education. Barshay (2013) mentioned in one
of her blogs that,

“Cultural difference must account for many of the differences in test

scores. There must be something to the Asian stereotype of prizing hard
work and perseverance that is playing out in PISA test scores now.”

The Federal Education Department in the United States has a program

called National Assessment of Educational Progress or NAEP that was
developed in 1969. This program measures the ability of the students in United
States in various academic subjects. The results of the NAEP math scores in
2015 has declined for the first time since 1990. DeSilver (2017) stated the
interest of the students in the United States has become significantly low over the
past decades thus, having low average on the National Assessment of
Educational Progress or NAEP.

Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an

international assessment in mathematics and sciences that is conducted every four
years. TIMSS assesses achievements and educational contexts of different participating
countries. One of the participating countries is the Philippines. In the 3 rd International
Mathematics and Science Study, Philippines ranked as 39th out of 41 participating
international countries (Mullis et al. Hinor, 2007). Cordova and Tan (2018) points out
that the result shows that Filipino students cannot go further simple recall. They cannot
fully understand the questions that resulted in getting a wrong answer. National
Achievement Test (NAT) is a set of examinations that is taken by the grades 6, 10 and
12. It is designed to determine the student’s weakness, strengths and academic levels.
As measured by NAT, mathematics performance result is below the 50% required by
DepEd.

The concern nowadays in accordance with education in mathematics is to create

an intelligent learner who will become a better citizen of the future. Students requires
not only applying mathematics in what they experience in their daily lives, but also to
develop a skill which will can help them to solve more mathematical problems in the
society where they live (Effective Teaching Learning: A training Manual, 2002).
However, there is a question on how they can effectively develop these skills when their
capability in mathematics is not deeply rooted.

Leongson (2003) states that, Filipino students excel in obtaining an

understanding, but on the other hand, their weakness is requiring a higher level of
thinking skills. This state shows the apparent performance of students in participating in
national and international surveys on mathematics and science competencies. While on
the performance of mathematics teachers in the Professional Board Examination shows
the same state as the students (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 1986; Ibe, 1995). The Third
International Mathematical Science Study (TIMMS,2000) conducts a survey in regards
with the patterns of students’ achievement in mathematics and discovers that the
effectiveness of the school and as well as teacher’s proficiency influence the learning of
the students and also the development of higher level of achievements. The standard of
the directions and the beneficial of instructional design are required to reduce the
problems that are associated in teaching and learning mathematics (Dursun & Dede,
2004).

Bigornia (2000) points out the factors that affect the mathematical level of ability
of the Grade VI pupils. Teachers’ proficiency, pupils' background and also
communication skills were discovered to have a high level of relationship with the pupils'
mathematics achievement. In Lanao del Norte, Philippines, there is a study that is
conducted by Caliao (2000) that aims to uncover the factors that are related with the
students' capability to solve a problem in mathematics by connecting the students'
mathematics achievement with the following factors: the kind of environment they have
at home, the standard of mathematics directions the students experienced, students'
attitude in regards to mathematics, mental ability, and also the reading comprehension
ability. The factors that were discovered to be remarkably connected to the students'
performance in mathematics were the following: educational attainment of the father,
neighborhood, the relatives or friends that took care of the child, buying things that are
related with education, teachers' profile like the total of mathematics seminars attended,
total of years in teaching math, total of awards that were received, preparation of lesson
plan, activities of the teachers' such as conducting review classes, coaching students
during math competitions, encouraging and supporting pupils to participate in math
competitions and the number of skills that were taught to the students, the number of
hours the mother spent at home and at work, mental ability, and reading capability.

During the school year 1990 to 2000, Montecalvo (2000) determined the
problem-solving skills and attitude towards Mathematics of Grade Six pupils in Linamon
District, Division of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. The outcome shows that most of the
students possess an average performance in problem solving skills especially with
fractions, decimals, and percentage. They had also a fair attitude level towards
mathematics and recognized that mathematics is useful for the different problems in
daily life. Moreover, significant relationship is present between the students' ability in
problem solving test and the sort of school as well as the students' average grade in
Mathematics.
 ENHANCEMENT OF THE STUDENT’S MATHEMATICAL SKILLS THROUGH
SCHOOL MATH PROGRAMS

Mathematics is a fundamental part of human thought, logic, and discipline that

attempts to understand the world and ourselves. It helps us in our everyday lives and
helps us do many important things like counting and solving numerical problems.
Learning mathematics has been very useful for humans. Ever since Mathematics was
discovered, the rises of many inventions and interventions have come in our world.
These inventions were incredibly improved throughout the years and have helped us
ease our lives, not only because of Science, but because of Mathematics too. These
fields like Science, technology and engineering cannot further thrive without the solid
foundation of Mathematics. Humans will not be successful in making a better world
without it.

According to Guwahati (2015), mathematics is a methodical application of matter.

It is so said because the subject makes a man methodical or systematic. Mathematics
makes our life orderly and prevents chaos. Certain qualities that are nurtured by
mathematics are power of reasoning, creativity, abstract or spatial thinking, problem-
solving ability, critical thinking, and even effective communication skills.

Mathematics is the cradle of all creations, without which the world cannot move
an inch. Be it a cook or farmer, a carpenter or a mechanic, a shopkeeper or a doctor, an
engineer or a scientist, a musician or a magician, everyone needs mathematics in their
day-to-day life. Even insects use mathematics in their life for existence. Snails make
their shells, spiders design their webs, and bees create their hexagonal combs. There
are countless mathematical patterns in nature’s fabric. Anyone can be a mathematician
if one is given proper guidance and knowledge.

On the counterpart of this subject, mathematics can also be a cause of a child’s

anxiety. There are countless people in the whole world that are being recognized
because of their incredible performance in doing mathematical problems and solving
one. There were videos of people computing and solving math problems faster than a
calculator, that have gone viral. The world cannot change the fact that some people are
gifted for being proficient in this subject and some have poor understanding when
numbers and solving are involved. However, learning mathematics can be easier and
enjoyable if the curriculum of schools include mathematical activities and games. Math
puzzles and riddles can attract and encourage an open-minded attitude among children,
in which their capability in critical, analyzing, and logical thinking will be emphasized.

There are also math programs and curriculums that are being spread across the
different schools. Math programs organize math concepts so that students see how the
concepts connect to and build on each other. Each year builds on skills learned the year
before, usually according to state standards. Most schools use print-based programs
that use textbooks and workbooks. But many of these programs also have a hands-on
component that teachers can use. It includes things like patterns, blocks or cubes to
help kids connect concepts to the real world (Morin, 2015).

Math programs like MTAP, Kumon, MTG, and the like, are being made to
enhance the minds of every child to be able to excel in academics, specifically in
mathematics. These programs aim to discover the potential of each individual and
developing their ability to the maximum in learning Mathematics.

In the study of Reyes (2011), Mathematics Teachers Association of the

Philippines (MTAP) conducted programs such as Metrobank-MTAP–DepEd Math
Challenge and the MTAP–DepEd Saturday Programs of Excellence for Regular and
Talented Students. Metrobank-MTAP-Deped Math challenge is a yearly mathematics
competition led by Metrobank Foundation, Mathematics Teachers Association of the
Philippines and Department of Education. It aims to challenge the mathematical skills of
elementary and high school students in both public and private schools. Furthermore,
the MTAP–DepEd Saturday Programs of Excellence for Regular and Talented Students
simply a Saturday class that will recognize the strength and weaknesses of students in
Mathematics subject. It also aims to develop their full potential on the said area.
One of the Mathematics intervention program is the "Cover, Copy and
Compare" (CCC) program. It improves the fluency of the students when it comes to
mathematical problems. On the methods of this program, there's a sheet that is given
on the student. It contains 10-15 mathematics facts, written on the left side of the sheet.
Students must know and understand the different facts because once it covered, the
students will write down what they understood one the right side of the paper then
compared on what written on the left side (Skinner, 1997).
Greenwood (1997) pointed out the effectiveness of "Classwide Peer Tutoring"
(CWPT). To use this, the teacher will make tutor-students pairs on his class and the
students will work together. The student’s role will either be the students itself or the
tutor, this will change every day. Aside from learning, it enhanced the student’s flexibility
from being a student, who is just learning to a tutor that teaches and help his
classmates. This program resulted on: 1.) increased students' engagement during
instruction, 2.) increased the student’s academic achievements, 3.) decreased the
number of students, who need special education, 4.) decreased the number of drop-
outs on grade 12 students (Greenwood, 1991-1995).
Cooperative learning is a process enhancing the capabilities of students in terms
of academics and social experience. In a small group they will help and learn on each
other (Singh and Agrawal, 2011). One of the cooperative learning is the Team Assisted
Individualism (TAI). The students are given the math problems to study through. The
groups are formed based on their initial placement test score or from students have
different abilities with different races, cultures and gender. This application proved that it
is better than the usual type of studying (Budiyono et al, 2018).
One of the components of mathematics is the problem solving, however, most of
the student find difficulty on this area (Bluman et al, 2005). To enhance and help the
students in solving word problem, Bar Model was introduced. According to
Thirunavukkarasu & Senthilnathan (2014), on this method students allow to to use their
creative thinking skills because they need to draw a layout based on their understanding
on the questions. The visual representations help the students to picture out and
understand the abstract mathematics relationships because it makes the question into
simpler form (Marshall, 2008).
Aside from mathematics program for students, there's also an activity for the
teachers. Lesson Study (LS) in Japan, a school-based collaborative activity, was
implemented for both Japan's teachers and practicing teachers. It is to help the
mathematics teachers to develop their lesson plans and teaching skills (Lewis, 2000).
Takahashi (2015) pointed out that LS gives new ideas on how the teachers innovate his
teaching. It also aims to develop the teacher’s skillfulness.
Locally, different seminars were organized for the teachers. It is a training
program that’s done through division level. Bentillo et al. (2003) stated that this seminar
is cascading model, wherein the speakers will be coming from the regional and national
trainings and the audiences are the division level teachers. Through lectures, lesson
planning and post-lesson reflections, teachers developed their expertise. (Gutierez ,
2015). Involving on a collaborative work also improves their teaching skills (Loucks-
Horsley et al., 1998). Moreover, the Collaborative Lesson Research and Development
(CLRD) Project of the University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and
Mathematics Development (UP NISMED) presented Lesson Study to the several
mathematics and science teacher. The project nurtured the mathematics teachings
through problem solving and science teachings through inquiry. This lasted for three
years in different schools in National Capital Region.
In the study of Anthony & Walshaw (2009), most of the students find difficulty on
Mathematics. So there are several mathematics programs that allows students develop
their mathematical skills, as well as for the teachers who aid the students on
recognizing and enhancing their strength and weaknesses on the subject area.
In the study of Kitchen (2016) stated that, there is a purpose for math beyond the
classroom. This purpose rarely gets taught to students, and students rarely experience
it because they are caught up in learning standards and then being assessed on them.
To many students, the purpose of math is to learn a skill that leads to a grade on a
report card. There is real-life application of almost every form of mathematics. It does
not mean that every student will use every piece of mathematics that they learn, but it
does mean we can show them how we can use that bit of mathematics to understand
and explain something around us. The efficient way of learning mathematics is to do
hand-on activities that enables the child to do self-learning and discovery, and through
math programs.
 Chapter III

Research Design and Methodology

Research Design

The study entitled “A relationship study of nutritional level among Senior High
School students of SFNPS on the Academic Performance in Mathematics: Basis for an
Academic & Nutritional intervention program” seeks to know and understand the
influence of nutrition on the academic performance on Mathematics of the students.
This will involve collection of research data through survey method, from a researcher-
made questionnaire.

The research study follows a descriptive – correlational design. It is a form of a

quantitative research design that primarily describes the relationship of variables by
providing an indication of how one variable related to one another. The variables that
will help the researchers utilize the profile of the respondents are economic status, sex,
age, body mass index (BMI) and food consumption attitude. As for the dependent
variable, it comprises the academic performance of the respondents specifically on the
subject mathematics.

Research Respondents

The researchers will elicit the participation of the Senior High School Students of
San Felipe Neri Parochial School comprising of 259 Grade 11 Students and 227 for
Grade 12. The respondents will be coming from both the male and female students. The
respondents’ age are ranging from 15 to 18 years old. Moreover, the researchers will
consider the economic status and body mass index (BMI) of the respondents.

Population and Sampling Scheme

The Senior High School students will be involved as the respondents of the
study. These students study general education subjects that 1 st and 2nd year college
student deal with. Students from Grade 11 and 12 tackles more advanced and higher
level topics especially in mathematics compare to other lower grade. According to
Brueningu (2013), possessing a healthy eating habit during adolescence is essential
because in this stage, as body changes during this time, it affects the dietary needs,
and also the growth and development of an individual.

The sampling technique that will be utilized throughout the study is Stratified
Random Sampling, wherein the researchers will divide the population into sub-groups.
In stratified random sampling or stratification, the strata are formed based on
respondents’ shared attributes or characteristics such as sex and BMI (Body Mass
Index).

Research Environment

The research will be conducted in San Felipe Neri Parochial School along 85 A.T
Reyes Street, Mandaluyong City. The school was first opened by Miss Rosa A. Salazar
in the year 1963, as a nursery center. The school offers and implements K-12, it is also
guided by the Manila Archdiocesan General Pastoral Assembly, and it promotes the
Basic Ecclesial Communities in all sectors and levels of life. As years passed by, San
Felipe Neri Parochial School’s Basic Education Program was granted initial
accreditation by the PAASCU Board of Directors for a period of three (3) years and was
also granted by the PAASCU Board of Directors of Level II accreditation for a period of
five (5) years.

The Senior High School students will be involved as the respondents of the
study. These students study general education subjects that 1 st and 2nd year college
student deal with. Students from Grade 11 and 12 tackles more advanced and higher
level topics especially in mathematics compare to other lower grade. According to
Brueningu (2013), possessing a healthy eating habit during adolescence is essential
because in this stage, as body changes during this time, it affects the dietary needs,
and also the growth and development of an individual.
Statistical Table

STATISTICAL TABLE
Statement of the Problem Statistical Method Description
1. What is the profile Counting
of the respondents
in terms of:
1.1 Economic status Frequency (n/∑n)*100 =%
1.2 Sex
1.3 Age
1.4 BMI (body mass Percentage
index)
1.5 Food
consumption
attitude
2. What is the 4(𝑥) + 3(𝑥) + 2(𝑥) + (𝑥)
academic ∑𝑥

performance level
among the Statistical Interpretation

respondents in
terms of: Weighted Average 3.26 – 4.00 – Excellent

2.1 Learning 2.51 – 3.25 - Good

speed/progress 1.76 – 2.50 - Fair

2.2 Grade average 1.0 – 1.75 - Poor

quarterly
2.3 School/class
ranking
3. Is there a significant Test of Difference
difference on the Decision: If the Computed
respondents’ ANOVA Alpha is Greater than 0.05,
nutritional level and the research will Accept
 their academic
performance if
tested among the
variables/profiles of
the respondents?
4. Is there a significant
relationship on the
respondents’
nutritional level and
their academic
performance if
tested among the
variables/profiles of
the respondents?
5. Output Question
Descriptive / Paragraphical program that will be
the Null Hypothesis.
(CDiffAlpha > 0.05, Accept
Ho)
Test of Relationship
Decision: If the Computed
Alpha is Greater the 0.05,
the research will Accept
the Null Hypothesis;
relationship is made by
chance. (CRelAlpha >
0.05, Accept Ho)
Chi Square
0.10 – 0.29 – Weak
Correlation
0.30 – 0.59 – Moderate
Correlation
0.60 – 0.99 – Strong
Correlation
1.00 – Perfect Correlation
The output is expected to
be an Academic and
Nutritional Intervention
conducted to help the
students in improving their
performance in
Mathematics and to
develop a proper nutrition.
 Program Design

PROGRAM OBJECTIVE
The “Let’s be MAMA” is an intervention program that will utilize the senior high
school students of San Felipe Neri Catholic School as the participants. It is a 3-day
program that aims to enhance the mathematical skills of the senior high school students
while improving their poor eating habit as well. This program will involve lectures about
nutrition and different math activities.

DAY 1

TOPIC LEARNING TIME ALLOTMENT EVIDENCE OF

TARGET LEARNING

1. What is the
difference of As a participant, I am GROUP SHARING
good nutrition able to apprehend 8:00 am to 9:00 am
to bad good nutrition and
nutrition? know if I’m taking
good nutrition from
How will I that food that I eat.
know if I am
getting good 1 hour
nutrition?

2. What are the

importance of As a participant, I am 9:00 am to 10:00 am GROUP SHARING
good able to know the
nutrition? benefits of having 1 hour
good nutrition.
3. What are the
foods I should As a participant, I am 10:30 am to 12:00 nn PICTIONARY
eat in order to able to recognize the
get a good different healthy
nutrition? foods and its
benefits.
What are the
foods that are
good for
solving
different math 1 hour and 30
problems? minutes

DAY 2

TOPIC LEARNING TIME ALLOTMENT EVIDENCE OF

TARGET LEARNING
1. Measuring As a participant, I
my critical can use my critical 8:00 am to 9:00 am GROUP SHARING
thinking skill thinking skill in
answering
questions involving
mathematics. 1 hour
2. Solving As a participant, I
different can solve different 9:00 am to 10:00
levels of levels of am GROUP SHARING
mathematical mathematical
problems problems.
1 hour
3. Knowing the As a participant, I
capacity of am able to analyze 10:30 am to 12:00 MATH WORDY
my analytical math problems and nn
skill even word
problems. 1 hour and 30
minutes

DAY 3

TOPICS LEARNING TIME ALLOTMENT EVIDENCE OF

TARGET LEARNING
1. What is As a participant, I
difference am able to 8:00 am to 9:00 am GET TO KNOW
between pure recognize what are MATH
mathematics pure mathematics
and applied and applied
mathematics? mathematics is all
about and know 1 hour
their components.
2. What are the As a participant, I
basics of am able to know 9:00 am to 10:00 QUIZMANIAC
Mathematics? how to skillfully am
solve the basic
fundamentals of
Mathematics and
figure out algebraic 1 hour
equations.
3. Application of As a participant, I
statistics in am able to 10:30 am to 12:00 GROUP SHARING
making logical determine nn
 decisions and mathematical
predictions theory of random
phenomena and
make use of
numerical data from 1 hour and 30
experiments or minutes
population.

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Taras, H. (2005) Nutrition and Student Performance at School. Retrieved from

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1746-
1561.2005.00025.x?fbclid=IwAR1xzNZFcawalbbppgAewbyF8-
7IPdhQ2IBtQichCsTb_7iZizNXfQsAioQ&
Greetings of Peace!

We are the researcher – students of San Felipe Neri Catholic School. The group is
composed of four members (Marcelino, Pineda, Santiago, Taugan).

This research instrument would like to assess your nutritional status and academic
performance through survey questionnaire. This study entitled, “A Relationship Study
in Nutritional Level among Senior High School Students of San Felipe Neri
Parochial School on the Academic Performance in Mathematics: Basis for an
Academic and Nutritional Intervention Program”, seeks to know and understand the
influence of nutrition on the academic performance on Mathematics of the students.
This activity is our group’s most important effort towards the fulfillment of our course in
Practical Research 2.

Rest assured that all of your shared data will serve as a guide for the researchers and
will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

Nutritional and Academic Performance Survey

Instruction: Put a check on the box that corresponds for your answer.

Name: Track/Strand:

Sex: F M ABM HUMMS

Section: __________ STEM TECHVOC

SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS: (Monthly salary of your parents)

10,000 – below

10,001 – 20,000

20,001 – 40,000

40,001 – above
BMI (Body Mass Index):

Underweight

Normal

Overweight

Obese

FOOD CONSUMPTION (Proper meal):

ONCE A DAY

TWICE A DAY

THRICE A DAY

MORE THAN 3 TIMES

LEGENDS:

4 – Excellent / Always

3 – Good / Often

2 – Fair / Sometimes

1 – Poor / Never

1. Nutrition 4 3 2 1
1.1. I consume 8 glasses of water a day.

1.2. I try to ensure that I eat fruits and vegetables.

1.3. I prefer to eat processed foods because they

are easy to prepare.
1.4. I check the nutrition facts before consuming the
food.
1.5. I complete my 8 hours of sleep every night.

1.6. I eat healthy breakfast before going to school.

1.7. I do exercise regularly.

1.8. I am interested in learning about nutrition and

developing healthier eating habits.
1.9. I always eat junk foods and drink soda.

1.10. I keep my overall fat intake down.

1.11. I skip meals because I have fear on gaining

weight.
1.12. I eat sweets after every meal.

1.13. I avoid eating fried food.

1.14. I prefer to order online foods because it is more

convenient.
1.15. I have a healthy diet.

2. Academic Performance 4 3 2 1
2.1. I can easily grasp on new topic/lesson that is
being taught.

2.2. I can understand logical topics/lessons quickly.

2.3. I am able to solve different math problems.

2.4 I can actively use my critical thinking skill during

math class.
2.5. I tend to ask question on something that I failed to
understand during math lecture.
2.6. I understand and can figure out word problems.
2.7. I can plot points in Cartesian plane.

2.8. I know how to answer algebraic equations.

2.9. I can solve arithmetic and other statistical

equation.
2.10. I attain good scores on quizzes in mathematics.