REVIEW TEST 4 ● ANSWER KEY
Vocabulary, Grammar and Use of English
Group A
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 surrounded: To be surrounded by something means to
have it all around, on all sides.
2 increasing: An increasing number or amount is one that
is getting bigger.
3 erosion: Erosion is the process by which soil or rocks are
gradually worn away by wind, rain or the sea.
4 shortlist: A shortlist is a list of the few best candidates for
a job.
5 multicultural: A place that is multicultural has people from
many different cultures living there,
Exercise 2
1 fidgeting: If someone fidgets, they move around a lot
when they are sitting down, often because they are
bored or nervous.
2 dump: To dump something means to throw it away.
3 posted: To post a comment means to write it on a
website.
4 surfing: To surf the Internet means to look at different
websites in order to find the information you are looking
for.
5 swear: To swear means to promise something formally
and seriously.
Exercise 3
1 out: To figure something out means to understand it.
2 into: To talk someone into doing something means to
persuade them to do it.
3 from: To distance yourself from something means to
show that you are not involved with it or concerned with
it.
4 with: To be reunited with someone means to be back
together with them after you have been separated.
5 away: If something takes your breath away, it is so
beautiful that you cannot speak.
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 be done: We use be + past participle to form passives
after modal verbs.
2 they didn’t want: In reported speech, the verb usually
moves one tense back.
3 had known: We use I wish + Past Perfect to talk about a
past regret.
4 I watched: We can use inversion in Third Conditional
sentences.
5 have I seen: We can use inversion for emphasis after
negative expressions such as never and rarely.
© 2016 Pearson FOCUS 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE
Exercise 5
1 should be switched off: If you say that something should
be done, you mean that someone should do it.
2 are known to have built: If you say that someone is
known to have done something, you mean that people
know they did it.
3 you apologised: If you say that it is time something
happened, you mean that it should happen now.
4 I find surprising is: We can use sentence structures with
what for emphasis.
5 to go to: If someone had to do something, it was
necessary for them to do it in the past.
Exercise 6
1 Rarely have I seen such a good film.: We can use
inversion for emphasis after negative expressions such
as never and rarely.
2 Leonardo da Vinci is said to have designed the first
helicopter in the 1400s.: We can use is said in passive
reporting structures to report general beliefs.
3 My parents warned me not to be late home.: If you warn
someone not to do something, you tell them they
shouldn’t do it.
4 correct: We can use unless to mean if not.
5 Don’t forget to let me know what time you’re arriving, will
you?: We use will in question tags after imperatives.
Use of English
Exercise 7
1 A: If you are obsessed with something, you think about it
all the time and don’t think about other things.
2 C: If you sit around, you sit down for a long time.
3 B: A stable job is secure and not likely to change.
4 D: To do without something means to manage without
having it.
5 B: To have a negative impact on something means to
have a bad effect on it.
Exercise 8
1 is: We can use structures with what ... is for emphasis.
2 do: We can use inversion for emphasis after negative
expressions such as not only and never.
3 being: If you hate being accused, you hate it when
people accuse you.
4 wish: If you wish that someone would do something, you
would like them to do it.
5 Had: We can use inversion in Third Conditional
sentences.
Exercise 9
1 undervalued: Something that is undervalued is not
valued enough.
2 scientific: Scientific research involves science.
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 REVIEW TEST 4 ● ANSWER KEY
Vocabulary, Grammar and Use of English
3 wearable: If something is wearable, you can wear it.
4 robotics: Robotics is the study of robots.
5 traditionalists: A traditionalist is someone who has
traditional ideas or beliefs.
Exercise 10
1 is this job boring, but: We can use inversion for emphasis
after negative expressions such as not only and never.
2 was made to wear: If you are made to do something,
someone makes you do it.
3 if I had been injured: We change the word order in
reported questions, and the verb moves one tense back.
4 would rather stay: If you would rather do something, you
would prefer to do it.
5 had better leave: If you had better do something, you
should do it.
© 2016 Pearson FOCUS 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE
Group B
Vocabulary
Exercise 1
1 foothills: Foothills are low hills around a high mountain.
2 pollutants: Pollutants are chemicals or other substances
that pollute water or air.
3 disorder: A sleep disorder is a condition which affects
how well you sleep.
4 target: To target a particular market means to try to sell
things to a particular group of people.
5 residential: A residential area is an area of a town or city
where people live.
Exercise 2
1 establish: To establish a national park means to create it.
2 consume: To consume something means to eat, drink or
use it.
3 shared: To share a link means to send it to other people
so that they can visit a website.
4 manipulating: To manipulate facts means to change them
slightly to give a different impression.
5 burst: To burst into tears means to suddenly start crying.
Exercise 3
1 think: To think something over means to think about it
carefully
2 in: Safe in the knowledge of something means knowing
something and feeling reassured by it
3 around: To follow someone around means to follow them
to different places.
4 in: If something is included in a price, it is part of that
price.
5 across: If you come across something, you find it.
Grammar
Exercise 4
1 had asked: We use I wish + Past Perfect to talk about a
past regret.
2 Had they taken: We can use inversion in Third
Conditional sentences.
3 did I remove: We can use inversion for emphasis after
negative expressions such as not only and never.
4 be repaired: We use be + past participle to form passives
after modal verbs.
5 would cost: In reported speech, the verb usually moves
one tense back, so will becomes would.
Exercise 5
1 could be heard: If something could be seen or heard,
people could see or hear it.
2 annoys me is: We can use sentence structures with what
for emphasis.
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 REVIEW TEST 4 ● ANSWER KEY
Vocabulary, Grammar and Use of English

3 needn’t have watered: If you needn’t have done
something, you did it, but it wasn’t necessary.
4 time James started taking: If you say that it is high time
something happened, you mean that it should happen
now.
5 is believed to have brought: If you say that someone is
believed to have done something, you mean that people
believe they did it.
Exercise 6
1 Let’s go for a pizza, shall we?: We use shall in question
tags after Let’s.
2 Neil Armstrong is known to have been the first man on
the moon.: If someone is known to have done
something, people know that they did it.
3 correct. We can use provided to mean if.
4 Never have I met such a kind person!: We can use
inversion for emphasis after negative expressions such
as never and rarely.
5 Amelia insisted on doing all the cooking herself.: If you
insist on doing something, you insist that you are going
to do it.
3 belongings: Your belongings are the things that belong to
you.
4 repetitive: A repetitive strain injury is caused by repeating
the same movement over and over again.
5 environmentalists: An environmentalist is someone who
works to protect the environment.
Exercise 10
1 me if I lived: We change the word order in reported
questions, and the verb usually moves one tense back.
2 only I had: We can use if only to say that we would like a
present situation to be different.
3 I’m saying is that: We can use the phrase All I’m saying
is for emphasis.
4 was given a violin: If you were given something,
someone gave it to you.
5 had to spend: If you had to do something, it was
necessary in the past.

Use of English
Exercise 7
1 C: To follow the crowd means to do the same as
everyone else.
2 A: When a contract expires, it ends.
3 C: A software developer is someone who writes and
develops new software.
4 D: An advancement is a step forward in science or
technology.
5 A: The application process is the process of applying for
a job.

Exercise 8
1 wish: If you wish that something wasn’t true, you would
like it to be different.
2 being: If you don’t like being lied to, you don’t like it when
people lie to you.
3 What: We can use structures with what ... is for
emphasis.
4 have: We can use inversion for emphasis after negative
expressions such as never.
5 be: We use To be honest when we are giving an honest
opinion about something.

Exercise 9
1 technological: Technological developments involve
technology.
2 communication: A communication system is one that
allows people to communicate.

© 2016 Pearson FOCUS 4 PHOTOCOPIABLE 3