PROJECT PROPOSAL

Name of the project:

Tree Plantation Programme of Dist. - Surat Gujarat

Introduction
The importance of trees in purifying the air, as natural resources,
maintaining the ecological balance, preventing soil erosion, as
medicines, habitats for faunal species, providing nutrients to the
soil etc. is well known. The present forest and tree cover in the
country according to the State of Forest Report 2001 of the Forest
Survey of India is 23.03 per cent. According to the National Forest
Policy, the country is required to achieve a forest cover target of
25 per cent by 2007 and 33 per cent cover by 2012. Again, against
the National Forest Policy requirement of 33 per cent forest cover
in every State, M.P. figure is 3.52 per cent. The involvement of
people - particularly at the grassroots level - and agencies outside
the Government is crucial for achieving these targets.
Development Alternatives through its CLEAN-India programme
has long been involved in plantation activities across the country.
 Breathing new

"The trees come up to my window like the yearning voice of the

dumb earth"
- Rabindranath Tagore
Trees are the world’s air-conditioners and the earth’s shield from
wind and rain. They provide habitat for animals and add beauty to
our surroundings. Through photosynthesis they capture light
from the sun and use it to convert water and carbon dioxide into
the oxygen we breathe. Without trees, there would be no life on
this planet.

Building awareness and appreciation for trees is important,

particularly among College-age children. One hands-on learning
opportunity for students of all ages is to take part in a College tree
planting project. Using trees supplied free of charge from a College
tree planting project is educational, fun and of lasting benefit to the
environment This Extension Note has been prepared to assist in
organizing a tree planting project in Collage Campus

Objective:

The main objectives are:

 To create an enabling environment through capacity

building at various levels for tree planting, and
production and use of quality planting material.
  To create awareness among people for improved
technology for tree planting and use of quality planting
material.

 To contribute towards increase in tree cover in Dist. -

Surat (Gujarat) by focusing on own lands.

 To promote development of Common Property

Resources.

 To create an enabling environment through capacity

building at various levels for tree planting, and
production and use of quality planting material.

 To make available quality planting material by

establishment of high-tech nurseries.
 To develop and facilitate linkages between production
systems of quality planting material and user groups

 To contribute towards increase in tree cover in the

country by focusing on, Dist. - Surat Gujarat Land.

On an urban property, for example, the intention may be to

provide an outdoor laboratory for students learning about tree
growth. It may be to study how trees act as a windbreak and
prevent soil erosion. A private landowner, on the other hand, may
want to reforest an abandoned agricultural field to provide
wildlife habitat. Whatever the reason, defining the tree planting
project’s objectives is essential before you select the tree species.

Concept
The Proposal For Dist. - Surat Gujarat in Campus Plant is lack of
social and economic infrastructure in the forest leads to social
pressure on forest resources. Aims of the Proposal are to
introduce the ecotourism situation and activities from the forest.
Area Oriented Fruit and Ornaments, Plants Conservation and
Development in, Dist. - Surat Gujarat Plant Produce including
Medicinal Plants. Rural Poor in Regeneration of Degraded Forests,
implementation mechanism, avoiding delays in availability of funds
to the field level and institutionalising people’s participation in
project formulation.

Purpose of the Plantation

The purpose of Plantation of site preparation is to mark rows
and to reduce the effects of grasses and weeds that will
compete with the seedlings for sunlight, nutrients and water.
Rows can be marked in a number of ways including rot tilling
strips, scraping lines with a tractor or tying string between
stakes. If we chose not to plant in rows, the trees may be
harder to maintain later on. Also, we’ll need to spend some
 time clearing away the grass and weeds already growing on
the site. Decreasing these competitors will speed up the
growth rate of the seedlings and improve their chances for
survival.

How to protect Plant

• Transport in covered vehicle
• planting Work as soon as possible
• Store in cool place (one to five degrees Centigrade) for no more
than 10 days
• protect from sun while on site
• Open one bag at a time
• protect planted seedlings from rodents and weeds

Target Area:

The current programme will involve 15 Area Coverage land of

Dist. - Surat Gujarat Selection of species, nursery site, planting
site, will be done in consultation with the experts.

SELECT TREE SPECIES

Coniferous trees (with needle-like leaves) are generally

recommended over deciduous or broad-leafed trees Coniferous
trees have a better chance of surviving and require less care.
Deciduous trees, on the other hand, require more intensive care,
such as protection from competing grasses and weeds.
WHAT TO BRING ON TREE PLANTING

SHOVELS
A standard round-bladed shovel is often the best planting tool
since it can create a hole big enough to accommodate seedlings of
all sizes.

FOOTWEAR
Steel-toed work boots, hiking boots or rubber boots are
recommended. Avoid sandals or light shoes.

BUCKETS

Buckets are used to carry water and trees. They should be

minimum of 30 centimeters deep with a minimum diameter of 30
centimeters.

NOURISHMENT

A full day’s work requires nourishment. Remember to bring a

hearty lunch and lots of cold drinks.
CLOTHING
Spring weather is unpredictable. All participants should have long
pants, a short-sleeved shirt, a sweater and a raincoat. Shorts may
be worn but bugs are often bad in the spring. Grass and shrubs
may also scratch legs. In addition, everyone should have a hat, bug
repellent, suntan lotion and work gloves.
TREE PLANTING

Trees from provincial in Dist. - Surat Gujarat come in large paper

bags that are lined with plastic. The number of trees is written on
the outside of each bag. Depending on the species, a bag may
contain from 200 to 350 trees. The trees are bundled together
with elastic bands in groups of 10. When removing the elastic, slip
it off over the top to prevent damaging the roots, or better yet, cut
the elastic. Seedlings are 20 to 30 centimeters tall with a 10 to 20
centimeter root system. At the planting site, keep seedlings in the
shade (under a tarp, for example), protected from drying winds
and with a source of clean water. Students work better in teams of
up to three. Larger teams can have difficulty focusing on the task
at hand. Each team should have a planting pail and shovel. It is a
good idea to make sure
Each team includes at least one person wearing heavy boots.

Each team should include:

• One person shoveling
• One person holding the seedling in the hole
• One person tamping the seedling into place

A teacher or assistant should be on hand to help each team and

assess planting quality

HOW TO PLANT SEEDLINGS

Be sure to tell students not to plant seedlings in places where

there are water holes, stumps or rocks and not to plant more than
one tree per hole. For trees packed in separate containers,
students should be reminded to handle seedlings by the base of
the stem taking care not to bruise the bark.
Here’s how to plant:

• Dig a whole deep enough to cover the root system.

• Remove one tree at a time, separating roots by carefully shaking
them loose in the bag.
• Lay the roots straight down the hole in a natural arrangement.
Do not bunch, spiral, double-over or root collar bend roots.
Swelling
• Keep stones and twigs out of the hole. They create air pockets
that dry out roots.
• Plant seedlings slightly above the root collar swelling.
• Cover with soil. Do not bury live branches or foliage, or leave
any roots exposed to the air.
• Tamp soil firmly with the toe (not the heel) to remove air
pockets.

MAINTAINING THE TREES

Newly planted trees will require attention until they are large
enough to survive on their own. On a school property, for
example, trees may need protection from lawnmowers and
overzealous students. It is important that staff and students know
about the trees and have a role in taking care of them. The planted
area should be marked with stakes.
CONTROLLING GRASS COMPETITION

Grass, weeds and shrubs can rob newly planted seedlings of

moisture, nutrients and growing space. Trees should be tended
until they are taller than the surrounding competition and no
longer adversely affected by it. Grass should be cut and weeds
hand pulled around trees, but be careful not to damage the tree’s
bark. Watering trees during periods of drought will also greatly
enhance growth and survival.

USING MULCHES TO CONTROL COMPETITION

Depending on the number of trees planted, mulch can decrease

maintenance. Mulches are spread around trees and do not allow
grasses and weeds to grow. Made from wood chips or straw,
mulch should be applied to a radius of 60 centimeters around the
base of the trees. Organic mulches should be five to 10
centimeters deep. If you’re using wood chips, be sure to mix
conifer and deciduous species since the resin in the conifer chips
can affect the soil’s acid balance.

Implementation Methodology:

(1) 5000 Pits Digging in hard soil size 60 cm*60cm*60cm

(2) Digging & Transportation of Sweet Soil, 120 Tractor Trolley.
(3) 5500 Fruit & Ornamental Plant Purchase by Private Nursery.
(4) Refilling of 5000 Pits by Sweet Soil with insecticides &
Pesticides
(5) Planting of 5000 Plants.
(6) Purchase & fixing of 5000 Tree Guards
(7) 6 time watering, holding & Weeding Work of 5000 Plants
(8) 2 Cattle Guard for Protection for 9 Months
(9) Awareness Activities for Students & Local Public

Issues:

 stakeholder involvement
The local agricultural extension workers will be involved as
much as possible in the project by inviting them to training
sessions, field days, and through planning joint mobilization
activities in the communities. The local groundwater boards
and panchayat raj members will be involved in decisions on
where groundwater recharge systems should be established
and which systems are suited for which areas. The 3000
households in the project area will be directly involved in the
activities - in the first round the farmers the communities
select for setting up the model systems, and in a second round
the farmers that are sensitized to introduce the systems on
their own fields.
 Gender

The project will ensure that half of the model fields are set up
by women, and that half of the project animators are women.
Gender main streaming: A major problem for development of
the region is un-equal sharing of work within the family. The
women are often responsible for all domestic work, they carry
water and additionally they do more than half of the work in
the fields The proposed action will carry out discussions
within the community in order to enhance gender equity.
Furthermore it is ensured that there is equal gender
participation in the various committees and project
beneficiaries.

 environmental security

The proposed project will complement an existing project with

the goal of getting at least 75% of the households in the project
area to implement environmentally sustainable systems, and is
therefore very much focused on improving the local
environment. The techniques promoted by the proposed
project are systems that improve biodiversity. The plants that
will be introduced are already adapted to the area, or are
plants that are non-invasive.
 impact on the poor

The project will lead to increased food security and improved

livelihoods among the farmers in the project area - especially
among those with no access to irrigation, who depend totally on
rain fed agriculture. Farmers will get greater yields and income
because more water will be available for agricultural purposes at
a lower cost. This is both more rainwater and more groundwater.
The landless (the poorest) people in the project area will be able
to use the systems for irrigating gardens, and will over time
improve their livelihoods as more jobs are created because of
improved agricultural production in the area

Benefit sharing

 The main objective of the scheme is to increase the

green cover and also to involve the local people in
protection.

 To ensure involvement of people, it is essential to devise

a system wherein the people get the tangible and
intangible benefits in a sustained manner.

 Once the species to be planted are identified and year of

harvesting or the gestation period is fixed, on maturity,
one third of the area covered by plantation may be
 harvested as per the salve cultural principles and
replanted, and same may be repeated for subsequent
two years so that the entire area is replanted and people
also get benefits in shape of the extracted material.

 For intermediate and final yields, benefit-sharing

mechanism needs to be prescribed as part of micro plan.
The aforesaid is applicable to own land.

 In case of Own land, 100% benefits will go to the owners

of the land.

 In case of forestland, such mechanism needs to be

finalized in consultation with the local forest authorities
as per the State of Maharashtra resolution.

Conclusions:

The findings of the study reveal that the level of education and
experience regarding nursery & plantation business in Own Land
are quite satisfactory. Besides, the nursery & plantation business
is found to be a profitable business in the study areas. All the
nurseries & plantation under different managements generate a
substantial number of employment and income for the owners.
The cost of production, gross margin, and net return are much
higher for NGO plant nursery as compared to private land.
Returns to investment in the use of fertilizer and irrigation are
found to be higher for NGO plant nursery, whereas returns to
manure and insecticide are higher for government plant nursery
& plantation. The findings of the study also reveal that various
socio-economic problems, to some extent, hamper the nursery
business in the study areas.

General people are highly benefiting by getting sapling of fruit

trees from different plant nurseries and are contributing, to some
extent, to the ecological balance of the country by planting of
these saplings. Therefore, government should release adequate
fund for the plant nursery so that private nursery owners as well
as NGOs can also receive improved saplings of different trees
from government nurseries. Besides, government should provide
training to the private nursery owners and NGO personnel on
improved nursery management techniques.