INDIAN INSTITUTE OF

PACKAGING

• STANDARDS FOR PACKAGING

MATERIALS.

• PROF. A. A. JOSHI.
 TYPES OF STANDARDS
• STANDARDS FOR PRODUCT
SPECIFICATION/ PROCEDURE/
DESIGN
EG. BIS, BS, ASTM, ISO
VOLUNTARY STANDARDS
• VOLUNTARY STANDARDS ARE THE
STANDARD WHICH CAN BE USED
DEPENDING UPON THE WILLINGNESS OF
THE USER.

• VOLUNTARY STANDARDS IMPLIES

CONFORMATION TO A GIVEN DESIGN AND
SPECIFICATION.

• SOMETIMES IT IS LOOKED UPON AS

HINDRANCE TO CREATIVITY.
MANDATORY STANDARDS

• MANDATORY STANDARDS ARE

FOLLOWED COMPULSARILY DUE TO
SOME REGULATIONS OF LAW
 QUALITY STANDARD
• THIS STANDARD DEFINES
PROCEDURE FOR MONITORING
QUALITY OF STANDARDS.
EG. ISO 9000
 STANDARD FOR TESTING
SUITABILITY OF MATERIAL
• THIS STANDARD GIVES PROCEDURE FOR
EVALUATION OF THE PACKAGING
MATERIAL FOR ITS SUITABILITY FOR THE
GIVEN APPLICATION.

• EG. BIS 9845 EXTRACTABILITY STUDIES

ON PLASTICS FOR FOOD CONTACT
APPLICATIONS.
 STANDARD FOR TEST CONDITIONS

• THIS STANDARD PROVIDES CONDITIONS

SUCH AS TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, AT
WHICH THE PRODUCT HAS TO BE TESTED.

• IT IS NECESSARY FOR REPRODUCTIVITY

OF TEST RESULT.
QUALITY ASSURANCE AND
TESTING

INSPECTION MADE AFTER A LOT OF

ANYTHING IS COMPLETED CAN
ONLY BE A QUALITY AUDIT. IT IS
TOO LATE TO EXERCISE CONTROL.
THE OBJECTIVE OF QUALITY
CONTROL IS TO MAINTAIN
PRODUCTION IN SPECIFICATIONS
RATHER THAN TO DETERMINE
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF PRODUCT-
ION MUST BE DISCRDED.
NATURAL LAW - NO TWO THINGS OF
ANYTHING ARE EXACTLY SAME →

NEED FOR TOLERENCE.

SPECIFICATIONS AND QUALITY
ASSURANCE PROGRAMMES ARE
CLASSIC TOOLS LINKING DEVELOP-
MENT TO PRODUCTION.
STEPS INVOLVED ARE -
1) SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT.
• 2) PURCHASING.
• 3) QUALITY CONTROL.
GIVEN GOOD SPECIFICATIONS ARE
WRITTEN (AFTER DEVELOPMENT)
AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR ITS
PURCHASE ARE CONCLUDED, Q.C.
ACTIVITIES ARE:

• INSPECTION.
• BY APPROPRIATE TEST METHODS.
• OF REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLES.
• AGAINST ESTABLISHED
STANDARDS.
• FOR ADJUSTING MANUFACTURING
PROCESS.
• TO MAINTAIN PRODUCTION AT A
MAXIMUM PERCENT OF ACCEPTA-
BLE UNITS AS MEASURED AGAINST
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS.
 QUALITY STANDARD
DEFINE QUALITY

IT IS SUM TOTAL OF PRESENCE OF

DESIRED QUALITIES AND ABSENCE
OF UNDESIRED QUALITIES.

QUALITY BY ATTRIBUTES - CAN

LEAKS OR DOESN’T LEAK, HEAT
SEAL LAYER PRESENT OR ABSENT.
QUALITY BY VARIABLES – eg. CONTAI-
NER DIMENSIONS (A RANGE) -
TOLERENCE LIMITS.

TYPES OF DEFECTS:

• CRITICAL.
• MAJOR.
• MINOR.
SCORING METHOD FOR OBJECTIVE
EVALUATION.

CRITICAL DEFECTS = 10
MAJOR DEFECTS = 5
MINOR DEFECTS = 2
 TEST STANDARDS
ISI (BIS) - BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARD

ISO - INTERNATIONAL ORGANISA-

TION FOR STANDARDISATION.

ASTM - AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR

TESTING AND MATERIALS.
TAPPI - TRADE ASSOCIATION OF
PULP AND PAPER INDUSTR-
IES.

FCBM - FEDERATION OF CORRUGA-

TED BOX MANUFACTURERS.
 ISO STANDARD NO.187

CONDITIONING ATMOSPHERE

TEMP. % R.H.

23 C 50% --
27 C 65% -- FOR TROPICAL
COUNTRIES.
20 C 65% -------DO -------
 STANDARD FOR
ENVIRONMENT
• THIS STANDARD DEFINES
PROCEDURE FOR MONITORING
ENVIRONMENT RELATED FACTORS

EG. ISO 14000

STANDARD FOR BULK CONTAINERS

• THIS STANDARD IS USED FOR THE

SIZE OF INTERMODAL (ISO)
CONTAINERS USED FOR INTERNATIONAL
MOVEMENTS OF CARGO IN SHIPS OR AIR
CRAFT.

• FOR EG. DIMENSION OF CONTAINERS AND

OTHER SIZE OF ISO CONTAINERS - 20FT.
STANDARD FOR PALLET CARRYING
PACKAGES
• THIS STANDARD GIVES DIMENSION AND
DESIGN OF THE PALLETS USED FOR
MOVEMENTS OF PACKAGES IN
INTERMODAL CONTAINERS
• EG. ISO PALLET SIZE
• 1000 X 1000 MM
• 1000 X 800 MM
• 1000 X 1200 MM
• 1200 X 1200 MM
 STANDARDS OF WEIGHTS AND
MEASURES
• THIS STANDARD PROVIDES DETAILS OF
THE QUANTITY IN WHICH COMMONLY
USED CONSUMER PRODUCTS CAN BE
PACKED AND SOLD.
• THIS STANDARD ALSO GIVES DETAILS OF
INFORMATION TO BE PRINTED ON THE
LABEL OF CONSUMER PACKAGE.
• THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STANDARD IS TO
PROTECT THE INTEREST OF CONSUMERS.
• THIS STANDARD APPLIES ONLY FOR PRE-
PACKED PRODUCTS
 STANDARDS ON PACKAGING FOR
SAFE ENVIRONMENT
• THIS STANDARD SPECIFY THE
MANNER IN WHICH PACKAGES ARE
TO BE DISPOSED OF OR RECYCLED.

• THIS STANDARD ALSO PROVIDES

DETAILS OF MARKING ON THE
PACKAGES. EG. GREEN DOT LOGO
WHICH APPEARS ON THE PACKAGES.
MARKING FOR REUSABLE
PACKAGING.
RECOVERABLE
PACKAGING.
THE GREEN DOT (DER
GRUNE PUNKT ).
 MATERIAL
IDENTIFICATION CODE.
• 1 -- 19 • PLASTICS
• 20 -- 29 • PAPER & CARTONS
• 30 -- 39 • CARDBOARD
• 40 -- 49 • METAL
• 50 -- 59 • WOOD
• 60 -- 69 • TEXTILES
• 70 -- 79 • GLASS
MARKING FOR TYPE OF
MATERIAL.
O1 ------- PET
O2 ------- HDPE
O3 ------- PVC
O4 ------- LDPE
O5 ------- PP
O6 ------- PS
O7 ------- OTHERS
STANDARD FOR SAFE HANDLING OF
PACKAGES
• THIS STANDARD PROVIDES DETAILS OF
MARKINGS AND SYMBOLS TO BE USED
ON PACKAGES FOR SAFE HANDLING.eg.
Handle with care (wine glass) This side up etc.
 STANDARD FOR PACKAGING OF
DANGEROUS GOODS
• THIS STANDARD GIVES DETAILS OF
PACKAGING TO BE USED FOR
TRANSPORTATIONS OF DANGEROUS
GOODS.
EG. IMDG CODE
 STANDARD FOR BAR CODES

• THIS STANDARD GIVES DETAILS OF BAR

CODES WHICH ARE PRINTED ON VARIOUS
TYPES OF PRODUCT PACKAGES.

• DESIGN, SIZE, OF BAR CODE AND OTHER

DETAILS.
 Retail items - EAN-13

890 1 0 0 0 0 1001 0
EAN prefix Prod no. CD
• EAN Prefix indicates
- the country of EAN membership
- EAN member’s identity
• Prod. No. : Item identity allocated by manufacturer/importer
• Check digit: Calculated from all preceding digits
 BIS STANDARDS
• IS 7408 - FOR BLOW
MOULDED
CONTAINERS

• IS 7161 - ALUMINIU FOIL

LAMINATES
FOR BUTTER
PACKAGING
• IS 8970/71 - ALUMINIUM
FOIL
LAMINATES
FOR FOOD
& PHARMA PACKAGING.

• IS 9738 - POLY BAGS

FOR
GENERAL
PURPOSE
• IS 1446 - CLASSIFICATION
OF
DANGEROUS
GOODS

• IS 10106 - PKG.CODE FOR

SELECTION
OF PKG.
• IS 11352 - FLEXIBLE PKG.
FOR
VANSAPATI

• IS 11653 - WOVEN SACK

FOR
CEMENT PKG.

• IS 12265 - FLEXIBLE PKG.

FOR
EDIBLE OIL
• IS 12887 - PET BOTTLE FOR
EDIBLE OIL

• IS 14543 - PACKAGED
DRINKING
WATER
 INDIAN STANDARDS ON
PACKAGING MATERIALS FOR
FOOD CONTACT APPLICATION

9833 LIST OF PIGMENTS AND

COLOURANTS FOR USE IN
PLASTICS IN CONTACT
WITH FOOD, PHARMA AND
WATER.
9845 METHOD OF ANALYSIS FOR
DETERMINATION OF
SPECIFIC AND OVERALL
MIGRATION OF CONSTITU-
ENTS OF PLASTICS INTEND-
ED TO COME IN CONTACT
WITH FOOD.
10141 POSITIVE LIST OF CONSTI-
TUENTS OF POLYETHYLE-
NE IN CONTACT WITH
FOOD, PHARMACEUTICAL
AND WATER.

10142 SPECIFICATION FOR STY-

RENE POLYMERS FOR SAFE
USE IN CONTACT WITH
FOOD, PHARMA & WATER.
10146 SPECIFICATION FOR POLY-
ETHYLENE FOR SAFE
USE IN CONTACT WITH
FOOD, PHARMA & WATER.

10151 SPECIFICATION FOR POLY-

VINYL CHLORIDE FOR SAFE
USE IN CONTACT WITH
FOOD, PHARMA & WATER.
10148 POSITIVE LIST OF CONSTI-
TUENTS OF PVC FOR SAFE
USE IN CONTACT WITH
FOOD, PHARMA & WATER.

10149 POSITIVE LIST OF CONSTI-

TUENTS OF STYRENE POLY-
MERS FOR SAFE USE IN
CONTACT WITH FOOD,
PHARMA & WATER.
10171 GUIDE ON SUITABILITY OF
PLASTICS FOR FOOD
PACKAGING.
 END

• THANK YOU.