DESIGN OF ISOLATED SQUARE FOOTING FOR SQUARE

COLUMN

AVAILABLE DATA:

Size of column = 750 x 750 mm

Safe bearing capacity = 200 KN/m2

fck = 30 N/mm2

fy = 415 N/mm2

SIZE OF FOOTING

Axial load of footing = 4000 KN

Assume the self wt of footing as10%of the column load

W1 = 10/100 x 4000

= 400 KN

Total load on soil = 4000 + 400 = 4400 KN

Area of footing required = total load /sbc

= 4400 / 200

= 22 m2

Since it is a square column

B x L = 22 m2

B x (B) = 22 m2
 B2 = 22

= √22 = 4.7

B = 4.7 & L= 4.7 m

Area of footing = 4.7 x 4.7 = 22.09 m2

NET UPWARD DESIGN PRESSURE

Fo = 4000 x 1.5 / 22.09

= 271.61 KN/m2

PROJECTION OF FOOTING

Projection of footing from face of column = 4.7 - 0.75/ 2 =

1.975 m

FACTORED MOMENT

Maximum factored moment occurs at the face of column for

design purpose consider over hang on both sides

Mu= fo x projection area x prj.dis/2

= 271.61 x 4.7 x 1.975 x 1.975 / 2

= 2489.7 x 106

DEPTH REQUIRED FOR FOOTING

𝑀𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥
dreq = √
𝑄𝑢 𝑥 𝑏
 2489.7 𝑥 106
dreq=√ = 357.7 Say 360
4.14 𝑥 4.7

Say dreq = 360 mm

Considering the effect of shear provide an effective depth of

720 mm practically the effective depth of 360 mm may not
sufficient to take care off shear, hence let us increase the depth
two time.

d = 720 mm

Provide 50mm as effective cover

D = 720 + 50

D = 770 mm

TENSION REINFORCEMENT

MU= 0.87 fyAst d (1- fyAst / fckbd)

2489.7 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 720 (1- 415 x Ast / 30 x 4700 x 720)

AstL = 9984.08 mm2

Astmin = 0.12/100 x (b x D)

= (0.12/100) x 4700 x 720

Astmin = 4060.8 mm2

ast = π x 202/4 = 314.16 mm2

NOS = AstL / ast = 4060.08 / 314.16 = 13 nos

 Provide 13 nos of 20 mm dia bars in long direction at uniform
spacing

Ast = 13 x π x 202/4 = 4084.07 mm2

CHECK FOR DEVELOPMENT LENGTH

Ld=0.87 Fy xdia / 4 x τbd=0.87 x 415 x 20/(4 x 1.5)

Ld = 1203.5 mm

Length of bars beyond the face of column in long direction

4700 -50= 4650 mm > 1203.5 mm

Hence ok

Hooks are not necessary at end of bars.

CHECK FOR SHEAR

TRANSVERSE SHEAR

Vu= fo x length x (1.975 - 0.72)

= 271.61 x 4.7 x 1.255

= 1602.10 KN

τv = Vu/bd = 1602.10 x 103/ 4700 x 720

τv = 0.47 N/mm2

%Ast = 100Ast / bd =100 x 4084.07 / (4700 x 720)

= 0.12%
 τc = 0.29 N/mm2

Kτc = 1 x 0.29 = 0.29 N/mm2

τv > Kτc Not Safe in shear

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR

At d/2 around the column. The critical section for punching

shear is at a distance of d/2= 720 /2= 360 mm

From the face of column around

Side of section = 750 + ( 2 x 360)

= 1470 x 1470 mm

PUNCHING SHEAR ACROSS SECTION

Vz = fo x (outer area – inner cutting area)

= 271.61 x (4.7 x 4.7 – 1.47 x 1.47)

Vz = 5412.94 x 103 N

NOMINAL SHEAR STRESS

τz = 5412942.8 / (4 x1470 x 720)

τz = 1.27 N/mm2

PERMISSIBLE SHEAR STRESS IN CONCRETE

τcz = Ksτcz

Bc = 750 / 750 = 1.0

 Ks = 0.5 + 1.0 = 1.50 limited to 1

τcz= 0.25 √𝑓𝑐𝑘 =0.25 √30 = 1.37

Ksτcz =1 x 1.37 = 1.37 N/mm2

τz < Ksτcz

safe in punching shear .

Hence ok

CHECK FOR BEARING STRESS

Size of the base of frustum of pyramid= (B+4d)

= (750 + 4 x 720)

= 3630 x 3630

But limited to 3630 x 3630 mm

Supporting area A1 = 3.63 x 3.63 = 13.18 m2

Loaded area A2 = 0.75 x 0.75 = 0.5625 m2

√𝐴1/𝐴2 = √13.18/0.5625 = 4.84 but restricted to 2

Permissible bearing stress = 0.45 x fck x √𝐴1/𝐴2

= 0.45 x 30 x 2= 27 N/mm2

𝑃𝑢 4000 𝑥 1.5
Actual bearing stress= =
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 0.75 𝑥0.75

= 10.67 N/mm2
 10.67 < 27

Hence safe

CHECK FOR SBC OF SOIL

Column load = 4000 KN

Weight of footing = 4.7 x 4.7 x 0.72 x 25 = 400 KN

Total load on soil = 4430 KN

Pressure on soil = 4400/ (4.7 x 4.7) = 199 KN/m2

199 KN/m2 < 200 KN/m2

Hence safe